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arXiv 2020年

作者： Gopalakrishnan, Sarang Gullans, Michael J. Department of Physics and Astronomy CUNY College of Staten Island Staten IslandNY10314 United States Physics Program and Initiative for the Theoretical Sciences The Graduate Center CUNY New YorkNY10016 United States Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science NIST University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States

A quantum system subject to continuous measurement and post-selection evolves according to a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. We show that, as one increases the rate of post-selection, this non-Hermitian Hamiltonian can undergo a spectral phase transition. On one side of this phase transition (for weak post-selection) an initially mixed density matrix remains mixed at all times, and an initially unentangled state develops volume-law entanglement;on the other side, an arbitrary initial state approaches a unique pure state with low entanglement. We identify this transition with an exceptional point in the spectrum of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, at which PT symmetry is spontaneously broken. We characterize the transition as well as the nontrivial steady state that emerges at late times in the mixed phase using exact diagonalization and an approximate, analytically tractable mean-field theory;these methods yield consistent conclusions. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mean field theory

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PROBLEM STRUCTURES IN THE THEORY AND PRACTICE OF SUPERIORIZATION

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Herman, Gabor T. Computer Science Ph.D. Program The Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States

The purpose of this short paper is to identify the mathematical essence of the superiorization methodology. This methodology has been developed in recent years while attempting to solve specific application-oriented problems. Consequently, superiorization is often presented using the terminology of such problems. A more general approach is provided here by discussing ideas related to superiorization in terms of an abstract mathematical concept, referred to as a problem structure.15A29, 65F22, 65K10, 90C26 Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Improvement of Jakarta's air quality during large scale social restriction

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2021年第1期729卷

作者： R Rahutomo K Purwandari J W C Sigalingging B Pardamean Information System Department School of Information Systems Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Database Center Division of BMKG Meteorological Climatological and Geophysical Agency Jakarta Indonesia 10720 Bioinformatics & Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

After Large-Scale Social Restriction (PSBB) established in Jakarta, a change of air quality was indicated by the citizens. Representatives of Indonesia's Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (BMKG) supported as the fact that mobility of Jakarta's citizen and commuters were reduced. With utilizing Weather Data Acquisition System managed by BMKG, this research compared fluctuations of Jakarta's air quality during two periods of time: Pre-PSBB and During-PSBB. This study proved that Jakarta's air quality has positively improved compared to the previous year, although in the lower range of unhealthy level.

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Sensing the local magnetic environment through optically active defects in a layered magnetic semiconductor

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Klein, Julian Song, Zhigang Pingault, Benjamin Dirnberger, Florian Chi, Hang Curtis, Jonathan B. Dana, Rami Bushati, Rezlind Quan, Jiamin Dekanovsky, Lukas Sofer, Zdenek Alù, Andrea Menon, Vinod M. Moodera, Jagadeesh S. Lončar, Marko Narang, Prineha Ross, Frances M. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA United States College of Letters and Sciences UCLA Los AngelesCA90095 United States QuTech Delft University of Technology Delft2600 GA Netherlands Department of Physics City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Francis Bitter Magnet Laboratory Plasma Science and Fusion Center Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States U.S. Army CCDC Army Research Laboratory AdelphiMD20783 United States Department of Physics The Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Photonics Initiative CUNY Advanced Science Research Center New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Electrical Engineering City College of the City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10026 United States Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technická 5 Prague 6166 28 Czech Republic Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

Atomic-level defects in van der Waals (vdW) materials are essential building blocks for quantum technologies and quantum sensing applications. The layered magnetic semiconductor CrSBr is an outstanding candidate for exploring optically active defects owing to a direct gap in addition to a rich magnetic phase diagram including a recently hypothesized defect-induced magnetic order at low temperature. Here, we show optically active defects in CrSBr that are probes of the local magnetic environment. We observe spectrally narrow (1 meV) defect emission in CrSBr that is correlated with both the bulk magnetic order and an additional low temperature defect-induced magnetic order. We elucidate the origin of this magnetic order in the context of local and non-local exchange coupling effects. Our work establishes vdW magnets like CrSBr as an exceptional platform to optically study defects that are correlated with the magnetic lattice. We anticipate that controlled defect creation allows for tailor-made complex magnetic textures and phases with the unique ingredient of direct optical access. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic semiconductors

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Lockdown strategy worth lives: The SEIRD modelling in COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2021年第1期729卷

作者： I Nurlaila A A Hidayat B Pardamean Information Systems Department BINUS Online Learning Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

Lockdowns, despite their conflicting restrictions and consequences they might offer when enforced as a national strategy, are deemed to be suggestive for a prompt conquer to the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak. There have been some success stories such as in China, South Korea and our ASEAN member fellow, Vietnam, which exhibited extremely fallen numbers of COVID-19 cases post the enforcement of lockdown. Indonesia, however, remains in the crux of dispute whether or not the lockdown is opted to force COVID-19 transmission down under control. We, in this respect, employ the most popular model which has been broadly applied in the field of epidemiology, referred to as SEIRD (Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious, Recovered, and Death), the extension form of an age-structured SEIR, where the Death (D) is included to provide more factual situation. We modify the I (Infectious) fraction as symp-tomatic (Is) and asymptomatic (Ia) infectives. There are three lockdown scenarios simulated in our modified SEIRD with the starting date are 26 April 2020 when the immediate lockdown was enacted-and a-week and two-week-gaps, respectively. We figured out that by stipulating the lockdown without delay (26 April 2020), the new cases could be kept below 10,000. A week delay escalates case number to 5,000 and delay for one more week results in beyond 20,000 new cases. Furthermore, when the intervention is delayed following the delayed lockdown, normalization would demand a longer period within which dealing with more critical and dying patients is unavoidable and should be more anticipated.

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Large vocabulary concatenative resynthesis 19

Large vocabulary concatenative resynthesis

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19th Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication, INTERSPEECH 2018

作者： Maiti, Soumi Ching, Joey Mandel, Michael Computer Science Program Graduate Center City University of New York United States Computer and Information Science Brooklyn College City University of New York United States

Traditional speech enhancement systems reduce noise by modifying the noisy signal, which suffer from two problems: under-suppression of noise and over-suppression of speech. As an alternative, in this paper, we use the recently introduced concatenative resynthesis approach where we replace the noisy speech with its clean resynthesis. The output of such a system can produce speech that is both noise-free and high quality. This paper generalizes our previous small-vocabulary system to large vocabulary. To do so, we employ efficient decoding techniques using fast approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) algorithms. Firstly, we apply ANN techniques on the original small vocabulary task and get 5× speedup. We then apply the techniques to the construction of a large vocabulary concatenative resynthesis system and scale the system up to 12× larger dictionary. We perform listening tests with five participants to measure subjective quality and intelligibility of the output speech. © 2018 International Speech Communication Association. All rights reserved.

关键词： Speech intelligibility

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Design and energy assessment of a new hybrid solar drying dome - Enabling Low-Cost, Independent and Smart Solar Dryer for Indonesia Agriculture 4.0

引用

IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2022年第1期998卷

作者： F E Gunawan A S Budiman B Pardamean E Djuana S Romeli N Hananda C Harito D P B Aji D N N Putri Stevanus Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Industrial Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Bioinformatics and Data Science Research Center Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480 Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Trisakti Jakarta 11440 Indonesia PT. Impack Pratama Industri Jakarta Indonesia Industrial Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Bina Nusantara University Jakarta 11480 Indonesia. Mechanical Engineering Department. Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Trisakti Jakarta 11440 Indonesia

Solar dryer is typically used for agricultural purposes in Indonesia. There are many economically important crops requiring storage or drying under particular environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. High temperatures inside solar dryer prevents the growth of microorganism, and quickly reduce moisture content from the substance. A hybrid solar dryer is generally considered to provide the most optimum solution, however solar panels may be expensive and they still only provide heat or energy in the daytime. Hence, we propose here a new kind of hybrid solar dryer for 24/7 optimum conditions for crops - enabled by recent advances in energy technologies as well as Industry 4.0. This study aims to create an efficient, affordable and a self-sufficient intelligent energy system that will be applied to agriculture for storage or drying purposes by measuring the energy needs for the optimal drying system. Therefore, it is crucial to estimate and assess the critical energy needs for such new systems in order to optimize and design such smart solar dryer (SSD) system especially for Indonesia's agricultural needs. We use design experience of our industry partner (PT Impack Pratama Industri, Indonesia) who has been working extensively on such solar dryer dome (SDD) based on polycarbonate material (only solar irradiation, no other technologies) and theoretical framework based on first principles in thermodynamics to estimate and assess critical energy needs for such dome with all the smart technologies. The calculation was performed based on Mollier diagram and the result still a rough estimation of energy required.

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Acoustic Power Divider Based on Compressibility-Near-Zero Propagation

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Physical Review Applied 2020年第2期14卷 024057-024057页

作者： Hussein Esfahlani Matthew S. Byrne Andrea Alù Electrical Engineering Institute École Polytechnique Fedérale de Lausanne (EPFL) CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center New York New York 10031 USA Kymeta Corporation Redmond Washington 98052 USA Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division West Bethesda Maryland 20817 USA Physics Program Graduate Center New York New York 10016 USA

Materials with properties that can be described by a near-zero index of refraction have received significant attention in the fields of electromagnetics, optics, and acoustics, due to their extraordinary capabilities in wave manipulation. It was recently demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that acoustic waves could manifest near-zero-index propagation based on the effective compressibility of a waveguide channel approaching zero. In turn, this allows tunneling of acoustic waves with nearly infinite wavelength (or equivalently, uniform phase) when the channel cross section is much larger than the feeding lines. Here, we show that these concepts can be leveraged to realize an acoustic power divider and multiplexer offering tunneling of sound to an arbitrary number of output ports, with phase shifts equal to 0° or 180° and robust response to variations in the port position. We present analytical and numerical models describing the properties of this device and study limitations and trade-offs that occur in the presence of losses as the device size is scaled.

关键词： Acoustic metamaterials Acoustic wave phenomena Acoustics

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BigNeuron: a resource to benchmark and predict performance of algorithms for automated tracing of neurons in light microscopy datasets

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Nature methods 2023年第6期20卷 824-835页

作者： Linus Manubens-Gil Zhi Zhou Hanbo Chen Arvind Ramanathan Xiaoxiao Liu Yufeng Liu Alessandro Bria Todd Gillette Zongcai Ruan Jian Yang Miroslav Radojević Ting Zhao Li Cheng Lei Qu Siqi Liu Kristofer E Bouchard Lin Gu Weidong Cai Shuiwang Ji Badrinath Roysam Ching-Wei Wang Hongchuan Yu Amos Sironi Daniel Maxim Iascone Jie Zhou Erhan Bas Eduardo Conde-Sousa Paulo Aguiar Xiang Li Yujie Li Sumit Nanda Yuan Wang Leila Muresan Pascal Fua Bing Ye Hai-Yan He Jochen F Staiger Manuel Peter Daniel N Cox Michel Simonneau Marcel Oberlaender Gregory Jefferis Kei Ito Paloma Gonzalez-Bellido Jinhyun Kim Edwin Rubel Hollis T Cline Hongkui Zeng Aljoscha Nern Ann-Shyn Chiang Jianhua Yao Jane Roskams Rick Livesey Janine Stevens Tianming Liu Chinh Dang Yike Guo Ning Zhong Georgia Tourassi Sean Hill Michael Hawrylycz Christof Koch Erik Meijering Giorgio A Ascoli Hanchuan Peng Institute for Brain and Intelligence Southeast University Nanjing China. Microsoft Corporation Redmond WA USA. Tencent AI Lab Bellevue WA USA. Computing Environment and Life Sciences Directorate Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA. Kaya Medical Seattle WA USA. University of Cassino and Southern Lazio Cassino Italy. Center for Neural Informatics Structures and Plasticity Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study George Mason University Fairfax VA USA. Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China. Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services Beijing China. Nuctech Netherlands Rotterdam the Netherlands. Janelia Research Campus Howard Hughes Medical Institute Ashburn VA USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing Anhui University Hefei China. Paige AI New York NY USA. Scientific Data Division and Biological Systems and Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Berkeley CA USA. Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. RIKEN AIP Tokyo Japan. Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. School of Computer Science University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia. Texas A&M University College Station TX USA. Cullen College of Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan. National Centre for Computer Animation Bournemouth University Poole UK. PROPHESEE Paris France. Department of Neuroscience Columbia University New York NY USA. Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute Columbia University New York NY USA. Department of Computer Science Northern Illinois Universit

BigNeuron is an open community bench-testing platform with the goal of setting open standards for accurate and fast automatic neuron tracing. We gathered a diverse set of image volumes across several species that is representative of the data obtained in many neuroscience laboratories interested in neuron tracing. Here, we report generated gold standard manual annotations for a subset of the available imaging datasets and quantified tracing quality for 35 automatic tracing algorithms. The goal of generating such a hand-curated diverse dataset is to advance the development of tracing algorithms and enable generalizable benchmarking. Together with image quality features, we pooled the data in an interactive web application that enables users and developers to perform principal component analysis, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, correlation and clustering, visualization of imaging and tracing data, and benchmarking of automatic tracing algorithms in user-defined data subsets. The image quality metrics explain most of the variance in the data, followed by neuromorphological features related to neuron size. We observed that diverse algorithms can provide complementary information to obtain accurate results and developed a method to iteratively combine methods and generate consensus reconstructions. The consensus trees obtained provide estimates of the neuron structure ground truth that typically outperform single algorithms in noisy datasets. However, specific algorithms may outperform the consensus tree strategy in specific imaging conditions. Finally, to aid users in predicting the most accurate automatic tracing results without manual annotations for comparison, we used support vector machine regression to predict reconstruction quality given an image volume and a set of automatic tracings.

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The bulk van der Waals layered magnet CrSBr is a quasi-1D material

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Klein, Julian Pingault, Benjamin Florian, Matthias Heißenbüttel, Marie-Christin Steinhoff, Alexander Song, Zhigang Torres, Kierstin Dirnberger, Florian Curtis, Jonathan B. Weile, Mads Penn, Aubrey Deilmann, Thorsten Dana, Rami Bushati, Rezlind Quan, Jiamin Luxa, Jan Sofer, Zdenek Alù, Andrea Menon, Vinod M. Wurstbauer, Ursula Rohlfing, Michael Narang, Prineha Lončar, Marko Ross, Frances M. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States QuTech Delft University of Technology Delft2600 GA Netherlands Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Institut für Festkörpertheorie Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Münster48149 Germany Institut für Theoretische Physik Universität Bremen P.O. Box 330 440 Bremen28334 Germany Bremen Center for Computational Materials Science University of Bremen Bremen28359 Germany Department of Physics City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States College of Letters and Science UCLA Los AngelesCA90095 United States Department of Physics Technical University of Denmark Kgs. LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark MIT.nano Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Physics The Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Photonics Initiative CUNY Advanced Science Research Center New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10026 United States Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technická 5 Prague 6166 28 Czech Republic Institute of Physics Center for Nanotechnology University of Münster Münster48149 Germany

Correlated quantum phenomena in one-dimensional (1D) systems that exhibit competing electronic and magnetic order are of strong interest for studying fundamental interactions and excitations, such as Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids and topological orders and defects with properties completely different from the quasiparticles expected in their higher-dimensional counterparts. However, clean 1D electronic systems are difficult to realize experimentally, particularly magnetically ordered systems. Here, we show that the van der Waals layered magnetic semiconductor CrSBr behaves like a quasi-1D material embedded in a magnetically ordered environment. The strong 1D electronic character originates from the Cr-S chains and the combination of weak interlayer hybridization and anisotropy in effective mass and dielectric screening with an effective electron mass ratio of meX/meY ∼ 50. This extreme anisotropy experimentally manifests in strong electron-phonon and exciton-phonon interactions, a Peierls-like structural instability and a Fano resonance from a van Hove singularity of similar strength of metallic carbon nanotubes. Moreover, due to the reduced dimensionality and interlayer coupling, CrSBr hosts spectrally narrow (1 meV) excitons of high binding energy and oscillator strength that inherit the 1D character. Overall, CrSBr is best understood as a stack of weakly hybridized monolayers and appears to be an experimentally attractive candidate for the study of exotic exciton and 1D correlated many-body physics in the presence of magnetic order. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Excitons

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