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Search for Higgs Boson Decays into a Z Boson and a Light Hadronically Decaying Resonance Using 13 TeV pp Collision Data from the ATLAS Detector

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Physical Review Letters 2020年第22期125卷 221802-221802页

作者： G. Aad B. Abbott D. C. Abbott A. Abed Abud K. Abeling D. K. Abhayasinghe S. H. Abidi O. S. AbouZeid N. L. Abraham H. Abramowicz H. Abreu Y. Abulaiti B. S. Acharya B. Achkar L. Adam C. Adam Bourdarios L. Adamczyk L. Adamek J. Adelman M. Adersberger A. Adiguzel S. Adorni T. Adye A. A. Affolder Y. Afik C. Agapopoulou M. N. Agaras A. Aggarwal C. Agheorghiesei J. A. Aguilar-Saavedra A. Ahmad F. Ahmadov W. S. Ahmed X. Ai G. Aielli S. Akatsuka T. P. A. Åkesson E. Akilli A. V. Akimov K. Al Khoury G. L. Alberghi J. Albert M. J. Alconada Verzini S. Alderweireldt M. Aleksa I. N. Aleksandrov C. Alexa T. Alexopoulos A. Alfonsi F. Alfonsi M. Alhroob B. Ali S. Ali M. Aliev G. Alimonti C. Allaire B. M. M. Allbrooke B. W. Allen P. P. Allport A. Aloisio F. Alonso C. Alpigiani E. Alunno Camelia M. Alvarez Estevez M. G. Alviggi Y. Amaral Coutinho A. Ambler L. Ambroz C. Amelung D. Amidei S. P. Amor Dos Santos S. Amoroso C. S. Amrouche F. An C. Anastopoulos N. Andari T. Andeen J. K. Anders S. Y. Andrean A. Andreazza V. Andrei C. R. Anelli S. Angelidakis A. Angerami A. V. Anisenkov A. Annovi C. Antel M. T. Anthony E. Antipov M. Antonelli D. J. A. Antrim F. Anulli M. Aoki J. A. Aparisi Pozo M. A. Aparo L. Aperio Bella N. Aranzabal V. Araujo Ferraz R. Araujo Pereira C. Arcangeletti A. T. H. Arce F. A. Arduh J-F. Arguin S. Argyropoulos J.-H. Arling A. J. Armbruster A. Armstrong O. Arnaez H. Arnold Z. P. Arrubarrena Tame G. Artoni K. Asai S. Asai T. Asawatavonvanich N. Asbah E. M. Asimakopoulou L. Asquith J. Assahsah K. Assamagan R. Astalos R. J. Atkin M. Atkinson N. B. Atlay H. Atmani K. Augsten V. A. Austrup G. Avolio M. K. Ayoub G. Azuelos H. Bachacou K. Bachas M. Backes F. Backman P. Bagnaia M. Bahmani H. Bahrasemani A. J. Bailey V. R. Bailey J. T. Baines C. Bakalis O. K. Baker P. J. Bakker E. Bakos D. Bakshi Gupta S. Balaji E. M. Baldin P. Balek F. Balli W. K. Balunas J. Balz E. Banas M. Bandieramonte A. Bandyopadhyay Sw. Banerjee L. Barak W. M. Barbe E. L. Barberio D. Barberis M. Barbero G. Barbour T. Barillari M-S. Barisits J. Barke CPPM Aix-Marseille Université CNRS/IN2P3 Marseille France Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Oklahoma Norman Oklahoma USA Department of Physics University of Massachusetts Amherst Massachusetts USA CERN Geneva Switzerland II. Physikalisches Institut Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Göttingen Germany Department of Physics Royal Holloway University of London Egham United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Brighton United Kingdom Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Physics Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois USA INFN Gruppo Collegato di Udine Sezione di Trieste Udine Italy ICTP Trieste Italy Institut für Physik Universität Mainz Mainz Germany LAPP Université Grenoble Alpes Université Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS/IN2P3 Annecy France AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science Krakow Poland Department of Physics Northern Illinois University DeKalb Illinois USA Fakultät für Physik Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München München Germany Department of Physics Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire Université de Genève Genève Switzerland Particle Physics Department Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot United Kingdom Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz California USA IJCLab Université Paris-Saclay CNRS/IN2P3 91405 Orsay France LPC Université Clermont Auvergne CNRS/IN2P3 Clermont-Ferrand France Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics Radboud University Nijmegen/Nikhef Nijmegen Netherlands Department of Physics Alexandru Ioan Cuza U

A search for Higgs boson decays into a Z boson and a light resonance in two-lepton plus jet events is performed, using a pp collision dataset with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1 collected at s=13 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN LHC. The resonance considered is a light boson with a mass below 4 GeV from a possible extended scalar sector or a charmonium state. Multivariate discriminants are used for the event selection and for evaluating the mass of the light resonance. No excess of events above the expected background is found. Observed (expected) 95% confidence-level upper limits are set on the Higgs boson production cross section times branching fraction to a Z boson and the signal resonance, with values in the range 17–340 pb (16−5+6–320−90+130 pb) for the different light spin-0 boson mass and branching fraction hypotheses, and with values of 110 and 100 pb (100−30+40 and 100−30+40 pb) for the ηc and J/ψ hypotheses, respectively.

关键词： Extensions of Higgs sector Higgs bosons Hypothetical scalars Artificial neural networks Hadron colliders Machine learning

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Opposing Effects of Multivalent Ions on the Flexibility of DNA and RNA

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Physical Review Letters 2016年第2期117卷 028101-028101页

作者： Aleksander V. Drozdetski Igor S. Tolokh Lois Pollack Nathan Baker Alexey V. Onufriev Department of Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca New York 14853-3501 USA Advanced Computing Mathematics and Data Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University Providence Rhode Island 02912 USA Center for Soft Matter and Biological Physics Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia 24061 USA

Increasing the concentration of counterions (salt) is known to reduce the bending persistence length of DNA. Here we use atomistic molecular dynamics simulations to predict that multivalent counterions have the opposite effect on double-stranded RNA, increasing its bending rigidity by at least 30%. This counterintuitive effect is observed for various tri- and tetravalent ions alike, and is robust to methodological details and the RNA sequence. In contrast to DNA, multivalent counterions bind inside the RNA major groove, causing significant contraction of the molecule along its helical axis—as a result, its further deformation due to bending becomes energetically more expensive compared to bending without bound multivalent ions. Thus, the relationship between mechanical properties of a charged polymer and its ionic atmosphere may be richer than previously thought.

关键词： Bending Persistence length RNA structure

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Exponential improvements for quantum-accessible reinforcement learning

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2017年

作者： Dunjko, Vedran Liu, Yi-Kai Wu, Xingyao Taylor, Jacob M. LIACS Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 1 Leiden2333 CA Netherlands Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1 GarchingD-85748 Germany Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Applied and Computational Mathematics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Joint Quantum Institute National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology University of Tokyo Meguro-ku Tokyo153-8904 Japan

Quantum computers can offer dramatic improvements over classical devices for data analysis tasks such as prediction and classification. However, less is known about the advantages that quantum computers may bring in the setting of reinforcement learning, where learning is achieved via interaction with a task environment. Here, we consider a special case of reinforcement learning, where the task environment allows quantum access. In addition, we impose certain "naturalness" conditions on the task environment, which rule out the kinds of oracle problems that are studied in quantum query complexity (and for which quantum speedups are wellknown). Within this framework of quantumaccessible reinforcement learning environments, we demonstrate that quantum agents can achieve exponential improvements in learning efficiency, surpassing previous results that showed only quadratic improvements. A key step in the proof is to construct task environments that encode well-known oracle problems, such as Simon's problem and Recursive Fourier Sampling, while satisfying the above "naturalness" conditions for reinforcement learning. Our results suggest that quantum agents may perform well in certain game-playing scenarios, where the game has recursive structure, and the agent can learn by playing against itself. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Comparison of Polarized Radiative Transfer Codes Used by the EHT Collaboration

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The Astrophysical Journal 2023年第1期950卷 35-35页

作者： Ben S. Prather Jason Dexter Monika Moscibrodzka Hung-Yi Pu Thomas Bronzwaer Jordy Davelaar Ziri Younsi Charles F. Gammie Roman Gold George N. Wong Kazunori Akiyama Antxon Alberdi Walter Alef Juan Carlos Algaba Richard Anantua Keiichi Asada Rebecca Azulay Uwe Bach Anne-Kathrin Baczko David Ball Mislav Baloković John Barrett Michi Bauböck Bradford A. Benson Dan Bintley Lindy Blackburn Raymond Blundell Katherine L. Bouman Geoffrey C. Bower Hope Boyce Michael Bremer Christiaan D. Brinkerink Roger Brissenden Silke Britzen Avery E. Broderick Dominique Broguiere Sandra Bustamante Do-Young Byun John E. Carlstrom Chiara Ceccobello Andrew Chael Chi-kwan Chan Dominic O. Chang Koushik Chatterjee Shami Chatterjee Ming-Tang Chen Yongjun Chen Xiaopeng Cheng Ilje Cho Pierre Christian Nicholas S. Conroy John E. Conway James M. Cordes Thomas M. Crawford Geoffrey B. Crew Alejandro Cruz-Osorio Yuzhu Cui Mariafelicia De Laurentis Roger Deane Jessica Dempsey Gregory Desvignes Vedant Dhruv Sheperd S. Doeleman Sean Dougal Sergio A. Dzib Ralph P. Eatough Razieh Emami Heino Falcke Joseph Farah Vincent L. Fish Ed Fomalont H. Alyson Ford Raquel Fraga-Encinas William T. Freeman Per Friberg Christian M. Fromm Antonio Fuentes Peter Galison Roberto García Olivier Gentaz Boris Georgiev Ciriaco Goddi Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz José L. Gómez Minfeng Gu Mark Gurwell Kazuhiro Hada Daryl Haggard Kari Haworth Michael H. Hecht Ronald Hesper Dirk Heumann Luis C. Ho Paul Ho Mareki Honma Chih-Wei L. Huang Lei Huang David H. Hughes Shiro Ikeda C. M. Violette Impellizzeri Makoto Inoue Sara Issaoun David J. James Buell T. Jannuzi Michael Janssen Britton Jeter Wu Jiang Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales Michael D. Johnson Svetlana Jorstad Abhishek V. Joshi Taehyun Jung Mansour Karami Ramesh Karuppusamy Tomohisa Kawashima Garrett K. Keating Mark Kettenis Dong-Jin Kim Jae-Young Kim Jongsoo Kim Junhan Kim Motoki Kino Jun Yi Koay Prashant Kocherlakota Yutaro Kofuji Shoko Koyama Carsten Kramer Michael Kramer Thomas P. Krichbaum Cheng-Yu Kuo Noemi La Bella Tod R. Lauer Daeyoung L CCS-2 Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663 Los Alamos NM 87545 USA bprather@lanl.gov JILA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec.4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Center of Astronomy and Gravitation National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec. 4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Astronomy and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University 550 W. 120th Street New York NY 10027 USA Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10010 USA Department of Astrophysics Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College London Holmbury St. Mary Dorking Surrey RH5 6NT UK Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany Department of Physics University of Illinois 1110 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1002 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA NCSA University of Illinois 1205 W. Clark Street Urbana IL 61801 USA CP3-Origins University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 DK-5230 Odense M Denmark School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study 1 Einstein Drive Princeton NJ 08540 USA Princeton Gravity Initiative Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road Westford MA 01886 USA National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osaw

Interpretation of resolved polarized images of black holes by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) requires predictions of the polarized emission observable by an Earth-based instrument for a particular model of the black hole accretion system. Such predictions are generated by general relativistic radiative transfer (GRRT) codes, which integrate the equations of polarized radiative transfer in curved spacetime. A selection of ray-tracing GRRT codes used within the EHT Collaboration is evaluated for accuracy and consistency in producing a selection of test images, demonstrating that the various methods and implementations of radiative transfer calculations are highly consistent. When imaging an analytic accretion model, we find that all codes produce images similar within a pixel-wise normalized mean squared error (NMSE) of 0.012 in the worst case. When imaging a snapshot from a cell-based magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we find all test images to be similar within NMSEs of 0.02, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.12 in Stokes I, Q, U, and V, respectively. We additionally find the values of several image metrics relevant to published EHT results to be in agreement to much better precision than measurement uncertainties.

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Extreme-scale multigrid components within PETSc 16

Extreme-scale multigrid components within PETSc

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3rd Conference on Platform for Advanced Scientific Computing, PASC 2016

作者： May, Dave A. Sanan, Patrick Rupp, Karl Knepley, Matthew G. Smith, Barry F. Institute for Geophysics ETH Zürich Sonneggstrasse 5 Zürich8092 Switzerland Institute of Computational Sciences Università della Svizzera italiana Via Buffi 13 Lugano6904 Switzerland Linke Bahnzeile 7/6 LandeggA-2486 Austria Computational and Applied Mathematics Rice University 6100 Main MS-134 HoustonTX77005 United States Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne IL60439 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450341264

Elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) frequently arise in continuum descriptions of physical processes relevant to science and engineering. Multilevel preconditioners represent a family of scalable techniques for solving discrete PDEs of this type and thus are the method of choice for high-resolution simulations. The scalability and time-tosolution of massively parallel multilevel preconditioners can be adversely affected by using a coarse-level solver with suboptimal algorithmic complexity. To maintain scalability, agglomeration techniques applied to the coarse level have been shown to be necessary. In this work, we present a new software component introduced within the Portable Extensible Toolkit for Scientific computation (PETSc) which permits agglomeration. We provide an overview of the design and implementation of this functionality, together with several use cases highlighting the benefits of agglomeration. Lastly, we demonstrate via numerical experiments employing geometric multigrid with structured meshes, the exibility and performance gains possible using our MPI-rank agglomeration implementation. © 2016 ACM.

关键词： Parallel processing systems

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Author Correction: Determination of RNA structural diversity and its role in HIV-1 RNA splicing

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Nature 2020年第7837期588卷 E16页

作者： Phillip J Tomezsko Vincent D A Corbin Paromita Gupta Harish Swaminathan Margalit Glasgow Sitara Persad Matthew D Edwards Lachlan Mcintosh Anthony T Papenfuss Ann Emery Ronald Swanstrom Trinity Zang Tammy C T Lan Paul Bieniasz Daniel R Kuritzkes Athe Tsibris Silvi Rouskin Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research Cambridge MA USA. Program in Virology Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA USA. Bioinformatics Division Walter and Eliza Hall Institute Parkville Victoria Australia. Department of Medical Biology The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre Melbourne Victoria Australia. Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia. Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria Australia. Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA. Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA. Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA. Laboratory of Retrovirology The Rockefeller University New York NY USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute The Rockefeller University New York NY USA. Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research Cambridge MA USA. srouskin@wi.mit.edu.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Searching for Anisotropic Cosmic Birefringence with Polarization Data from SPTpol

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Bianchini, F. Wu, W.L.K. Ade, P.A.R. Anderson, A.J. Austermann, J.E. Avva, J.S. Balkenhol, L. Baxter, E. Beall, J.A. Bender, A.N. Benson, B.A. Bleem, L.E. Carlstrom, J.E. Chang, C.L. Chaubal, P. Chiang, H.C. Chou, T.L. Citron, R. Moran, C. Corbett Crawford, T.M. Crites, A.T. Haan, T. de Dobbs, M.A. Everett, W. Gallicchio, J. George, E.M. Gilbert, A. Gupta, N. Halverson, N.W. Henning, J.W. Hilton, G.C. Holder, G.P. Holzapfel, W.L. Hrubes, J.D. Huang, N. Hubmayr, J. Irwin, K.D. Knox, L. Lee, A.T. Li, D. Lowitz, A. Manzotti, A. McMahon, J.J. Meyer, S.S. Millea, M. Mocanu, L.M. Montgomery, J. Nadolski, A. Natoli, T. Nibarger, J.P. Noble, G. Novosad, V. Omori, Y. Padin, S. Patil, S. Pryke, C. Reichardt, C.L. Ruhl, J.E. Saliwanchik, B.R. Schaffer, K.K. Sievers, C. Simard, G. Smecher, G. Stark, A.A. Story, K.T. Tucker, C. Vanderlinde, K. Veach, T. Vieira, J.D. Wang, G. Whitehorn, N. Yefremenko, V. School of Physics University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC3010 Australia Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Cardiff University CardiffCF10 3XQ United Kingdom Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory MS209 P.O. Box 500 BataviaIL60510 United States NIST Quantum Devices Group 325 Broadway Mailcode 817.03 BoulderCO80305 United States Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Institute for Astronomy University of Hawai’i 2680 Woodlawn Drive HonoluluHI96822 United States High Energy Physics Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue ArgonneIL60439 United States Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Physics University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Enrico Fermi Institute University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States Department of Physics McGill University 3600 Rue University MontrealQCH3A 2T8 Canada School of Mathematics Statistics & Computer Science University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa Department of Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States University of Chicago 5640 South Ellis Avenue ChicagoIL60637 United States TAPIR Walter Burke Institute for Theoretical Physics California Institute of Technology 1200 E California Blvd PasadenaCA91125 United States California Institute of Technology MS 249-17 1216 E. California Blvd. PasadenaCA91125 United States Physics Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Canadian Institute for Advanced Research CIFAR Program in Gravity and the Extreme Universe TorontoONM5G 1Z8 Canada Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 U

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Real-space investigation of short-range magnetic correlations in fluoride pyrochlores NaCaCo2F7 and NaSrCo2F7 with magnetic pair distribution function analysis

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Physical Review Materials 2017年第7期1卷 074412-074412页

作者： Benjamin A. Frandsen Kate A. Ross Jason W. Krizan Gøran J. Nilsen Andrew R. Wildes Robert J. Cava Robert J. Birgeneau Simon J. L. Billinge Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics Colorado State University Fort Collins Colorado 80523 USA Quantum Materials Program Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto Ontario M5G 1Z8 Canada Department of Physics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA Institut Laue-Langevin CS 20156 38042 Grenoble Cédex 9 France ISIS Neutron and Muon Facility Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot OX11 0QX United Kingdom Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA

We present time-of-flight neutron total scattering and polarized neutron scattering measurements of the magnetically frustrated compounds NaCaCo2F7 and NaSrCo2F7, which belong to a class of recently discovered pyrochlore compounds based on transition metals and fluorine. The magnetic pair distribution function (mPDF) technique is used to analyze and model the total scattering data in real space. We find that a previously proposed model of short-range XY-like correlations with a length scale of 10–15 Å, combined with nearest-neighbor collinear antiferromagnetic correlations, accurately describes the mPDF data at low temperature, confirming the magnetic ground state in these materials. This model is further verified by the polarized neutron scattering data. From an analysis of the temperature dependence of the mPDF and polarized neutron scattering data, we find that short-range correlations persist on the nearest-neighbor length scale up to 200 K, approximately two orders of magnitude higher than the spin freezing temperatures of these compounds. These results highlight the opportunity presented by these new pyrochlore compounds to study the effects of geometric frustration at relatively high temperatures, while also advancing the mPDF technique and providing an opportunity to investigate a genuinely short-range-ordered magnetic ground state directly in real space.

关键词： Frustrated magnetism Neutron pair-distribution function analysis Neutron scattering

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Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: Marginalisation over redshift distribution uncertainties using ranking of discrete realisations

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Cordero, Juan Pablo Harrison, Ian Rollins, Richard P. Bernstein, G.M. Bridle, S.L. Alarcon, A. Alves, O. Amon, A. Andrade-Oliveira, F. Camacho, H. Campos, A. Choi, A. DeRose, J. Dodelson, S. Eckert, K. Eifler, T.F. Everett, S. Fang, X. Friedrich, O. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R.A. Hartley, W.G. Huff, E.M. Krause, E. Kuropatkin, N. MacCrann, N. McCullough, J. Myles, J. Pandey, S. Raveri, M. Rosenfeld, R. Rykoff, E.S. Sánchez, C. Sánchez, J. Sevilla-Noarbe, I. Sheldon, E. Troxel, M. Wechsler, R. Yanny, B. Yin, B. Zhang, Y. Aguena, M. Allam, S. Bertin, E. Brooks, D. Burke, D.L. Carnero Rosell, A. Carrasco Kind, M. Carretero, J. Castander, F.J. Cawthon, R. Costanzi, M. da Costa, L. da Silva Pereira, M.E. De Vicente, J. Diehl, H.T. Dietrich, J. Doel, P. Elvin-Poole, J. Ferrero, I. Flaugher, B. Fosalba, P. Frieman, J. Garcia-Bellido, J. Gerdes, D. Gschwend, J. Gutierrez, G. Hinton, S. Hollowood, D.L. Honscheid, K. Hoyle, B. James, D. Kuehn, K. Lahav, O. Maia, M.A.G. March, M. Menanteau, F. Miquel, R. Morgan, R. Muir, J. Palmese, A. Paz-Chinchon, F. Pieres, A. Plazas Malagón, A. Sánchez, E. Scarpine, V. Serrano, S. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, M. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M. Tarle, G. Thomas, D. To, C. Varga, T.N. Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Oxford Denys Wilkinson Building Keble Road OxfordOX1 3RH United Kingdom Institute for Astronomy University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3HJ United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue LemontIL60439 United States Institute of Space Sciences ICE CSIC Campus UAB Carrer de Can Magrans s/n Barcelona08193 Spain BarcelonaE-08034 Spain Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Instituto de Física Teórica Universidade Estadual Paulista São Paulo Brazil Department of Physics Stanford University 382 Via Pueblo Mall StanfordCA94305 United States Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology Stanford University P. O. Box 2450 StanfordCA94305 United States SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Laboratório Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA Rua Gal. José Cristino 77 RJ Rio de Janeiro20921-400 Brazil Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA15312 United States Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics Santa CruzCA95064 United States Department of Astronomy University of California Berkeley 501 Campbell Hall BerkeleyCA94720 United States Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Dr. PasadenaCA91109 United States Department of Astronomy Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 North Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85721-0065 United States Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge Madingley Road CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom Churchill College University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0DS United Kingdom De

Cosmological information from weak lensing surveys is maximised by sorting source galaxies into tomographic redshift subsamples. Any uncertainties on these redshift distributions must be correctly propagated into the cosmological results. We present hyperrank, a new method for marginalising over redshift distribution uncertainties, using discrete samples from the space of all possible redshift distributions, improving over simple parameterized models. In hyperrank the set of proposed redshift distributions is ranked according to a small (between one and four) number of summary values, which are then sampled along with other nuisance parameters and cosmological parameters in the Monte Carlo chain used for inference. This approach can be regarded as a general method for marginalising over discrete realisations of data vector variation with nuisance parameters, which can consequently be sampled separately from the main parameters of interest, allowing for increased computational efficiency. We focus on the case of weak lensing cosmic shear analyses and demonstrate our method using simulations made for the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We show the method can correctly and efficiently marginalise over a wide range of models for the redshift distribution uncertainty. Finally, we compare hyperrank to the common mean-shifting method of marginalising over redshift uncertainty, validating that this simpler model is sufficient for use in the DES Year 3 cosmology results presented in companion papers. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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Spin-current-mediated rapid magnon localisation and coalescence after ultrafast optical pumping of ferrimagnetic alloys

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Iacocca, E. Liu, T-M. Reid, A.H. Fu, Z. Ruta, S. Granitzka, P.W. Jal, E. Bonetti, S. Gray, A.X. Graves, C.E. Kukreja, R. Chen, Z. Higley, D.J. Chase, T. Le Guyader, L. Hirsch, K. Ohldag, H. Schlotter, W.F. Dakovski, G.L. Coslovich, G. Hoffmann, M.C. Carron, S. Tsukamoto, A. Savoini, M. Kirilyuk, A. Kimel, A.V. Rasing, T. Stöhr, J. Evans, R.F.L. Ostler, T. Chantrel, R.W. Hoefer, M.A. Silva, T.J. Dürr, H.A. Department of Applied Mathematics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO80305 United States Department of Physics Division for Theoretical Physics Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg412 96 Sweden SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill Road Menlo ParkCA94025 United States School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Department of Physics University of York YorkYO10 5DD United Kingdom Spectroscopy and Coherent Scattering European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility GmbH Holzkoppel 4 Schenefeld22869 Germany Department of Electronics and Computer Science Nihon University 7-24-1 Narashino-dai Funabashi Chiba274-8501 Japan Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials Heyendaalseweg 135 AJ Nijmegen6525 Netherlands Université de Liège Physique des Matériaux et Nanostructures Liège Sart TilmanB-4000 Belgium Faculty of Arts Computing Engineering and Sciences Sheffield Hallam University Howard Street SheffieldS1 1WB United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy Uppsala University Box 516 Uppsala751 20 Sweden

Sub-picosecond magnetisation manipulation via femtosecond optical pumping has attracted wide attention ever since its original discovery in 1996. However, the spatial evolution of the magnetisation is not yet well understood, n part due to the difficulty in experimentally probing such rapid dynamics. Here, we find evidence of rapid magnetic order recovery in materials with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy via nonlinear magnon processes. We identify both localisation and coalescence regimes, whereby localised magnetic textures nucleate and subsequently evolve in accordance with a power law formalism. Coalescence is observed for optical excitations both above and below the switching threshold. Simulations indicate that the ultrafast generation of noncollinear magnetisation via optical pumping establishes exchange-mediated spin currents with an equivalent 100% spin polarised charge current density of 108A/cm2. Such large spin currents precipitate rapid recovery of magnetic order after optical pumping. These processes suggest an ultrafast optical route for the stabilization of desired meta-stable states, e.g., solated skyrmions. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical pumping

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