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International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering, CNE

作者： Justin D. Foster Oren Freifeld Paul Nuyujukian Stephen I. Ryu Michael J. Black Krishna V. Shenoy Department of Electrical Engineering University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University Providence RI USA Bioengineering and Stanford Medical School University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Department of Neurosurgery Palo Alto Medical Foundation Palo Alto CA USA Department of Computer Science Brown University Providence RI USA Max-Planck Institute Tubingen Germany Departments of Electrical Engineering Bioengineering and Neurobiology and the Neurosciences Program University of Stanford Stanford CA USA

Neural control of movement is typically studied in constrained environments where there is a reduced set of possible behaviors. This constraint may unintentionally limit the applicability of findings to the generalized case of unconstrained behavior. We hypothesize that examining the unconstrained state across multiple behavioral contexts will lead to new insights into the neural control of movement and help advance the design of neural prosthetic decode algorithms. However, to pursue electrophysiological studies in such a manner requires a more flexible framework for experimentation. We propose that head-mounted neural recording systems with wireless data transmission, combined with markerless computer-vision based motion tracking, will enable new, less constrained experiments. As a proof-of-concept, we recorded and wirelessly transmitted broadband neural data from 32 electrodes in premotor cortex while acquiring single-camera video of a rhesus macaque walking on a treadmill. We demonstrate the ability to extract behavioral kinematics using an automated computer vision algorithm without use of markers and to predict kinematics from the neural data. Together these advances suggest that a new class of “freely moving monkey” experiments should be possible and should help broaden our understanding of the neural control of movement.

关键词： Animals Kinematics Decoding Neuroscience Synchronization Image segmentation Wireless communication

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Heat transfer LES simulations in application to wire-wrapped fuel pins

Heat transfer LES simulations in application to wire-wrapped...

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作者： Peet, Yulia Fischer, Paul Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory United States Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics Northwestern University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781600867453

We present a novel development of a domain decomposition method for the Navier-Stokes equations in a spectral element formulation which enables to investigate turbulent flows in complex geometries. The current paper applies domain decomposition method to simulate turbulent heat transfer in a wire-wrapped fuel pin assembly. The method is first validated on a benchmark problem of a turbulent swept flow over a single wire in a channel. Potential application of the method to simulation of a realistic wire-wrapped assemblies is the discussed. © 2010 by the authors.

关键词： Domain decomposition methods

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K, T and D-like fuzzy Kripke models

K, T and D-like fuzzy Kripke models

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Conference of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society - NAFIPS

作者： Benjamin Bedregal Regivan H. N. Santiago Mario Benevides Petrúcio Viana Group of Logic Language Information Theory and Applications-LoLITA Department of Informatics and Applied Mathematics Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Program of Engineering of Systems and Computing-PESC Department of Computer Science Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Analysis Fluminense Federal University (UFF) Niteroi Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The idea of a Kripke semantics endowed with possibility/plausibility information is not new; in fact there are different approaches for that; see: [6], [13], [16], [19]. This paper follows the approach found in [6], but whereas [6] provides a fixed interpretation for connectives into [0,1] here we provide a characterization of a fuzzy semantics for connectives in such a way that the resulting fuzzy frames: K, T and D, are described precisely by the set of statements which also describes, respectively, the usual modal systems K, T and D.

关键词： Semantics Fuzzy sets Fuzzy logic Bismuth Electronic mail Uncertainty Reliability

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Optimal partitions of data in higher dimensions

Optimal partitions of data in higher dimensions

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NASA Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding, CIDU 2010

作者： Jackson, Bradley W. Scargle, Jeffrey D. Cusanza, Chris Barnes, David Kanygin, Dennis Sarmiento, Russell Subramaniam, Sowmya Chuang, Tzu-Wang Department of Mathematics San Jose State University United States Space Science Division NASA Ames Research Center United States San Jose State University Center for Applied Mathematics and Computer Science United States

Consider piece-wise constant approximations to a function of several parameters, and the problem of finding the best such approximation from measurements at a set of points in the parameter space. We find good approximate solutions to this problem in two steps: (1) partition the parameter space into cells, one for each of the N data points, and (2) collect these cells into blocks, such that within each block the function is constant to within measurement uncertainty. We describe a branch-and-bound algorithm for finding the optimal partition into connected blocks, as well as an O(N2) dynamic programming algorithm that finds the exact global optimum over this exponentially large search space, in a data space of any dimension. This second solution relaxes the connectivity constraint, and requires additivity and convexity conditions on the block fitness function, but in practice none of these items cause problems. From the wide variety of intelligent data understanding applications (including cluster analysis, classification, and anomaly detection) we demonstrate two: partitioning of the State of California (2D) and the Universe (3D). Copyright © 2010 Bradley W. Jackson, Jeffrey D. Scargle, Chris Cusanza, David Barnes, Dennis Kanygin, Russel Sarmiento, Sowmya Subramaniam, and Tzu-Wang Chuang.

关键词： Cluster analysis

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Efficient utilization of bus idle times in CAN-based networked control systems

Efficient utilization of bus idle times in CAN-based network...

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作者： Martí, Pau Camacho, Antonio Velasco, Manel El Mongi Ben Gaid, Mohamed Automatic Control Department Technical University of Catalonia Pau Gargallo 5 08028 Barcelona Spain Technology Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Division IFP 92852 Rueil-Malmaison France

ISBN: (纸本)9783902661821

This paper presents a novel approach to networked control systems (NCS) analysis and design that provides increased control performance for a set of control loops that exchange control data over the Controller Area Network (CAN). This is achieved by enabling the following functionality for each control loop: first, standard periodic messaging is guaranteed to ensure stability, and second, non-periodic additional messaging is added whenever the bus is idle in such a way that the aggregated control performance for all control loops is improved. The proposed approach, named Maximum Difference (MD) policy, is computable in a distributed manner, and is practically feasible (computationally efficient and CAN-implementable). We theoretically prove that the MD policy behaves better than static strategies. Simulation results complement the theoretical derivations and show that the MD policy outperforms static, random and Largest Error First policies. © 2010 IFAC.

关键词： Networked control systems

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Why Gabor frames? Two fundamental measures of coherence and their role in model selection

Why Gabor frames? Two fundamental measures of coherence and ...

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作者： Bajwa, Waheed U. Calderbank, Robert Jafarpour, Sina Department of Electrical Engineering Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 United States Department of Computer Science Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 United States

The problem of model selection arises in a number of contexts, such as subset selection in linear regression, estimation of structures in graphical models, and signal denoising. This paper studies non-asymptotic model selection for the general case of arbitrary (random or deterministic) design matrices and arbitrary nonzero entries of the signal. In this regard, it generalizes the notion of incoherence in the existing literature on model selection and introduces two fundamental measures of coherence- termed as the worst-case coherence and the average coherence-among the columns of a design matrix. It utilizes these two measures of coherence to provide an in-depth analysis of a simple, model-order agnostic one-step thresholding (OST) algorithm for model selection and proves that OST is feasible for exact as well as partial model selection as long as the design matrix obeys an easily verifiable property, which is termed as the coherence property. One of the key insights offered by the ensuing analysis in this regard is that OST can successfully carry out model selection even when methods based on convex optimization such as the lasso fail due to the rank deficiency of the submatrices of the design matrix. In addition, the paper establishes that if the design matrix has reasonably small worst-case and average coherence then OST performs near-optimally when either (i) the energy of any nonzero entry of the signal is close to the average signal energy per nonzero entry or (ii) the signal-to-noise ratio in the measurement system is not too high. Finally, two other key contributions of the paper are that (i) it provides bounds on the average coherence of Gaussian matrices and Gabor frames, and (ii) it extends the results on model selection using OST to low-complexity, model-order agnostic recovery of sparse signals with arbitrary nonzero entries. In particular, this part of the analysis in the paper implies that an Alltop Gabor frame together with OST can successfully carr

关键词： Recovery

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Contour People: A Parameterized Model of 2D Articulated Human Shape

Contour People: A Parameterized Model of 2D Articulated Huma...

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IEEE Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

作者： Oren Freifeld Alexander Weiss Silvia Zuffi Michael J. Black Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University Department of Computer Science Brown University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424469840;9781424469857

We define a new "contour person" model of the human body that has the expressive power of a detailed 3D model and the computational benefits of a simple 2D part-based model. The contour person (CP) model is learned from a 3D SCAPE model of the human body that captures natural shape and pose variations;the projected contours of this model, along with their segmentation into parts forms the training set. The CP model factors deformations of the body into three components: shape variation, viewpoint change and part rotation. This latter model also incorporates a learned non-rigid deformation model. The result is a 2D articulated model that is compact to represent, simple to compute with and more expressive than previous models. We demonstrate the value of such a model in 2D pose estimation and segmentation. Given an initial pose from a standard pictorial-structures method, we refine the pose and shape using an objective function that segments the scene into foreground and background regions. The result is a parametric, human-specific, image segmentation.

关键词： Human Body Manikins contour ARTICULATED segmentation three-dimensional displays Deformable models Persons image segmentation

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Image Restoration Based on Camera Microscanning

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Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 2010年第3期20卷 370-375页

作者： López-Martínez, J.L. Kober, V. Ovseyevich, I.A. Department of Computer Science Division of Applied Physics CICESE Ensenada B.C. 22860 Mexico Mathematics School UADY Merida Yuc. 97110 Mexico Institute for Information Transmissions Problems Russian Academy of Sciences per. Bol'shoi Karetnyi 19 Moscow Russia

Common restoration techniques use a single observed image for the processing. In this work three observed degraded images obtained from camera microscanning are utilized for image restoration. It is assumed that the degraded images contain information about an original image, multiplicative interference, and additive sensor's noise. Using captured images a set of linear or nonlinear equations and objective function are formed. By solving the system of equations with the help of an iterative algorithm, the original image can be recovered. A fast algorithm for approximated image restoration is proposed. computer simulations results presented and discussed. © 2010 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Runtime allocation of optional control jobs to a set of CAN-based networked control systems

Runtime allocation of optional control jobs to a set of CAN-...

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作者： Martí, Pau Camacho, Antonio Velasco, Manel Ben Gaid, Mohamed El Mongi Automatic Control Department Technical University of Catalonia Pau Gargallo 5 08028 Barcelona Spain Technology Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Division IFP New Energy 92852 Rueil-Malmaison France

The Controller Area Network (CAN) provides the basis for many cost-effective distributed embedded systems. In this paper, we present a novel approach to networked control systems (NCS) analysis and design that provides increased control performance for a set of control loops that share a single CAN network. This is achieved by enabling the following functionality for each control loop: first, standard periodic messaging is guaranteed to ensure stability, and second, non-periodic additional messaging is added whenever bandwidth is available in such a way that the aggregated control performance for all control loops is improved. To validate the presented approach, a proof-of-concept implementation is presented, and the extensive experimental results show the type of benefits that can be achieved as well as the resulting behavior depending on several key parameters. Moreover, it demonstrates that the approach can be implemented in practice. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Networked control systems

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An end-to-end simulator for the all-electric ship MVDC integrated power system

An end-to-end simulator for the all-electric ship MVDC integ...

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Grand Challenges in Modeling and Simulation Symposium, GCMS 2010, Part of the 2010 Summer Simulation Multiconference, SummerSim 2010

作者： Milošević Marden, M. Prempraneerach, P. Kirtley, J.L. Karniadakis, G. Chryssostomidis, C. Design Laboratory MIT Sea Grant College Program United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Thunyaburi Pathumthani Thailand Division of Applied Mathematics Brown University Providence RI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781617387043

In this paper, a large scale Medium Voltage DC all-electric ship integrated power system is modeled from the prime mover (gas turbine) to the propulsion load. This system has a three-phase 21MW synchronous machine as a main generator and a three-phase 19MW induction motor as a main propulsion drive. The influence of propeller emergence on both electrical and mechanical components of the system is investigated.

关键词： Ship propulsion

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