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arXiv 2020年

作者： Vu, Duc-Viet DUC-VIET VU UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE DIVISION OF MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCE WEYERTAL 86-90 KÖLN50931 Germany THANG LONG INSTITUTE OF MATHEMATICS AND APPLIED SCIENCES HANOI Viet Nam

Let X be a compact Kähler manifold. Let T1, . . ., Tm be closed positive currents of bi-degree (1, 1) on X and T an arbitrary closed positive current on X. We introduce the non-pluripolar product relative to T of T1, . . ., Tm. We recover the well-known non-pluripolar product of T1, . . ., Tm when T is the current of integration along X. Our main results are a monotonicity property of relative non-pluripolar products, a necessary condition for currents to be of relative full mass intersection in terms of Lelong numbers, and the convexity of weighted classes of currents of relative full mass intersection. The former two results are new even when T is the current of integration along X. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Large language models for diabetes training:a prospective study

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science Bulletin 2025年第6期70卷 934-942页

作者： Haoxuan Li Zehua Jiang Zhouyu Guan Yuqian Bao Yuexing Liu Tingting Hu Jiajia Li Ruhan Liu Liang Wu Di Cheng Hongwei Ji Yong Wang Ya-Xing Wang Carol Y.Cheung Yingfeng Zheng Jihong Wang Zhen Li Weibing Wu Cynthia Ciwei Lim Yong Mong Bee Hong Chang Tan Elif I.Ekinci David C.Klonoff Justin B.Echouffo-Tcheugui Nestoras Mathioudakis Leonor Corsino Rafael Simó Charumathi Sabanayagam Gavin Siew Wei Tan Ching-Yu Cheng Tien Yin Wong Huating Li Chun Cai Lijuan Mao Lee-Ling Lim Yih-Chung Tham Bin Sheng Weiping Jia Shanghai University of Sport Shanghai 200438China School of Clinical Medicine Beijing Tsinghua Changgung HospitalTsinghua MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Beijing Visual Science and Translational Eye Research Institute(BERI) Tsinghua MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shanghai Belt and Road International Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Prevention and Treatment for Metabolic Diseases Department of Computer Science and EngineeringSchool of ElectronicInformationand Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai 200240China MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence Artificial Intelligence InstituteShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Cardiology the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266011China CEMS NCMISHCMSMADISAcademy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematics University of Chinese Academy of SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province School of Life ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou 310024China Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing 100730China k.Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesGuangzhou 510060China Department of Renal Medicine Singapore General HospitalSingHealth-Duke Academic Medical CentreSingapore169

Diabetes poses a considerable global health challenge,with varying levels of diabetes knowledge among healthcare professionals,highlighting the importance of diabetes *** Language Models(LLMs)provide new insights into diabetes training,but their performance in diabetes-related queries remains uncertain,especially outside the English language like *** first evaluated the performance of ten LLMs:ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT-4.0,Google Bard,LlaMA-7B,LlaMA2-7B,Baidu ERNIE Bot,Ali Tongyi Qianwen,MedGPT,HuatuoGPT,and Chinese LlaMA2-7B on diabetes-related queries,based on the Chinese National Certificate Examination for Primary Diabetes Care in China(NCE-CPDC)and the English Specialty Certificate Examination in Endocrinology and Diabetes of Membership of the Royal College of Physicians of the United ***,we assessed the training of primary care physicians(PCPs)without and with the assistance of ChatGPT-4.0 in the NCE-CPDC examination to ascertain the reliability of LLMs as medical *** found that ChatGPT-4.0 outperformed other LLMs in the English examination,achieving a passing accuracy of 62.50%,which was significantly higher than that of Google Bard,LlaMA-7B,and *** the NCE-CPFC examination,ChatGPT-4.0,Ali Tongyi Qianwen,Baidu ERNIE Bot,Google Bard,MedGPT,and ChatGPT-3.5 successfully passed,whereas LlaMA2-7B,HuatuoGPT,Chinese LLaMA2-7B,and LlaMA-7B ***-4.0(84.82%)surpassed all PCPs and assisted most PCPs in the NCE-CPDC examination(improving by 1%–6.13%).In summary,LLMs demonstrated outstanding competence for diabetes-related questions in both the Chinese and English language,and hold great potential to assist future diabetes training for physicians globally.

关键词： Diabetes Diabetestraining Largelanguagemodels Primarydiabetescare Prospectivestudy

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Digital Audio Watermarking by Amplitude Embedding System 15th

Digital Audio Watermarking by Amplitude Embedding System

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15th International Conference on Intelligent Information Hiding and Multimedia Signal Processing, IIH-MSP 2019, held in conjunction with the 12th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology, Applications and Tools, FITAT 2019

作者： Lin, Meng-Ju Zhao, Ming Chen, Shuo-Tsung Chen, Ching-Ju Department of Applied Mathematics Tunghai University No. 1727 Sec.4 Taiwan Boulevard Taichung Taiwan40704 Taiwan School of Computer Science Yangtze University Jingzhou CityHubei Province China College of Future Bachelor Program in Interdisciplinary Studies National Yunlin University of Science and Technology TaiwanYunlin64002 Taiwan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology TaiwanYunlin64002 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9789811397134

This paper proposed an amplitude embedding system for digital audio watermarking in the wavelet domain. In this paper, the relationship between the watermarked coefficients and the original coefficients is first presented and then amplitude-based embedding rules are combined into an amplitude-based embedding system that incorporates a system state. For the embedding in this system, the information includes synchronization codes and the watermarks are embedded into the DWT lowest frequency sub-band coefficients which can be described by a matrix form. Moreover, the SNR is rewritten as a performance index which is a quadratic form. Then, a nonlinear function connecting the performance index and the embedding system is derived. Accordingly, an optimization-based embedding system is proposed. Finally, the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) Theorem is used to obtain the optimal solution, which is an important formula for watermarking. In addition, the hidden information can be extracted without knowledge of the original audio. In the experiments, the performance of the proposed system is tested and the results verify the high SNR and strong robustness against multimedia signal processing or malicious attacks. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Embeddings

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A granular model for crowd motion and pedestrian flow

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Journal of the London Mathematical Society 2025年第5期111卷

作者： Noureddine Igbida José Miguel Urbano Institut de recherche XLIM UMR-CNRS 7252 Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université de Limoges Limoges France Applied Mathematics and Computational Sciences (AMCS) Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division (CEMSE) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia CMUC Department of Mathematics University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal

We study a granular model for congested crowd motion and pedestrian flow. Our approach is based on an approximation through a Hele-Shaw type equation involving a degenerate operator of p $p $ -Laplacian type and a linear drift, for which we prove existence and uniqueness using nonlinear semigroup methods and the doubling variables technique. Our main result shows that, as p → ∞ $p \rightarrow \infty$ , the weak solutions of the p $p$ -problem converge to a solution of the congested crowd motion problem interpreted in a variational sense.

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Accounting for deficit in ABC-XYZ analysis

Accounting for deficit in ABC-XYZ analysis

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International Conference on Logistics and Operations Management (GOL)

作者： Zhanna Zenkova Wilson Musoni Sergey Tarima Institute of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Tomsk State University Tomsk Russia Division of Biostatistics Institute for Health and Equity Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728164250

ISBN: (纸本)9781728164267

This work proposes an ABC-XYZ-type analysis modified with observed merchandise deficit. The deficit is determined by right censoring. This manuscript proposes to account for right censoring in the ABC-XYZ analysis. The modified ABC-XYZ analysis updates many important quantities including projected income, the coefficient of variation, and the Kaplan-Meier estimator. An illustrative example shows that the classical ABC-XYZ algorithm underestimates a merchandise value when deficit was observed; magnitude of the coefficient of variation is also underestimated. The new method corrects this bias and recalculates overall profit and the coefficient of variation.

关键词： IEEE merchandise Logistics Classification algorithms Supply chain management Standards History computer science

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Resilience–Runtime Tradeoff Relations for Quantum Algorithms

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： García-Pintos, Luis Pedro O’Leary, Tom Biswas, Tanmoy Bringewatt, Jacob Cincio, Lukasz Brady, Lucas T. Liu, Yi-Kai Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Clarendon Laboratory University of Oxford Parks Road OxfordOX1 3PU United Kingdom Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Joint Quantum Institute University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Quantum Artificial Intelligence Laboratory NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA94035 United States Applied and Computational Mathematics Division National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD20899 United States

A leading approach to algorithm design aims to minimize the number of operations in an algorithm’s compilation. One intuitively expects that reducing the number of operations may decrease the chance of errors. This paradigm is particularly prevalent in quantum computing, where gates are hard to implement and noise rapidly decreases a quantum computer’s potential to outperform classical computers. Here, we find that minimizing the number of operations in a quantum algorithm can be counterproductive, leading to a noise sensitivity that induces errors when running the algorithm in non-ideal conditions. To show this, we develop a framework to characterize the resilience of an algorithm to perturbative noises (including coherent errors, dephasing, and depolarizing noise). Some compilations of an algorithm can be resilient against certain noise sources while being unstable against other noises. We condense these results into a tradeoff relation between an algorithm’s number of operations and its noise resilience. We also show how this framework can be leveraged to identify compilations of an algorithm that are better suited to withstand certain noises. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Impedance-Matched Differential Superconducting Nanowire Detectors

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Physical Review applied 2023年第4期19卷 044093-044093页

作者： Marco Colangelo Boris Korzh Jason P. Allmaras Andrew D. Beyer Andrew S. Mueller Ryan M. Briggs Bruce Bumble Marcus Runyan Martin J. Stevens Adam N. McCaughan Di Zhu Stephen Smith Wolfgang Becker Lautaro Narváez Joshua C. Bienfang Simone Frasca Angel E. Velasco Edward E. Ramirez Alexander B. Walter Ekkehart Schmidt Emma E. Wollman Maria Spiropulu Richard Mirin Sae Woo Nam Karl K. Berggren Matthew D. Shaw Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Dive Pasadena California USA Applied Physics California Institute of Technology 1200 East California Boulevard Pasadena California USA National Institute of Standards and Technology Boulder Colorado USA Cosmic Microwave Technology 15703 Condon Avenue Lawndale California USA Becker & Hickl GmbH Nahmitzer Damm 30 Berlin Germany Division of Physics Mathematics and Astronomy California Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland USA California State University Los Angeles California USA

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) are the highest-performing photon-counting technology in the near-infrared region. Because of delay-line effects, large-area SNSPDs typically trade off timing resolution and detection efficiency. This unavoidable fundamental constraint might limit their future deployment in demanding scientific applications. Here we introduce a detector design based on transmission-line engineering and differential readout for device-level signal conditioning, enabling a high system detection efficiency and a low detector jitter simultaneously. To make our differential detectors compatible with single-ended time taggers, we also engineer analog differential-to-single-ended readout electronics, with minimal impact on the system timing resolution. Our best niobium nitride differential SNSPD achieves a system detection efficiency of (83.3±4.3)% at 1550nm and (78±5)% at 775nm. The lowest system jitter is 13.0±0.4ps at 1550nm and 9.7±0.4ps at 775nm, limited by intrinsic contributions. These detectors also achieve sub-100-ps timing response at 1/100 of the maximum level, 30.7±0.4ps at 775 nm and 47.6±0.4ps at 1550nm, enabling time-correlated single-photon counting with high-dynamic-range response functions. Furthermore, because of the differential impedance-matched design, our detectors exhibit delay-line imaging capabilities and photon-number resolution. The properties and high-performance metrics achieved by our system make it a versatile photon-detection solution for quantum computing, quantum communication, and many other scientific applications.

关键词： Optoelectronics Low-temperature superconductors Nanowires Optical sources & detectors Superconducting devices Infrared techniques Photon counting Single-photon detectors

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Technology Roadmap for Flexible Sensors

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ACS NANO 2023年第6期17卷 5211-5295页

作者： Luo, Yifei Abidian, Mohammad Reza Ahn, Jong-Hyun Akinwande, Deji Andrews, Anne M. Antonietti, Markus Bao, Zhenan Berggren, Magnus Berkey, Christopher A. Bettinger, Christopher John Chen, Jun Chen, Peng Cheng, Wenlong Cheng, Xu Choi, Seon-Jin Chortos, Alex Dagdeviren, Canan Dauskardt, Reinhold H. Di, Chong-an Dickey, Michael D. Duan, Xiangfeng Facchetti, Antonio Fan, Zhiyong Fang, Yin Feng, Jianyou Feng, Xue Gao, Huajian Gao, Wei Gong, Xiwen Guo, Chuan Fei Guo, Xiaojun Hartel, Martin C. He, Zihan Ho, John S. Hu, Youfan Huang, Qiyao Huang, Yu Huo, Fengwei Hussain, Muhammad M. Javey, Ali Jeong, Unyong Jiang, Chen Jiang, Xingyu Kang, Jiheong Karnaushenko, Daniil Khademhosseini, Ali Kim, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Il-Doo Kireev, Dmitry Kong, Lingxuan Lee, Chengkuo Lee, Nae-Eung Lee, Pooi See Lee, Tae-Woo Li, Fengyu Li, Jinxing Liang, Cuiyuan Lim, Chwee Teck Lin, Yuanjing Lipomi, Darren J. Liu, Jia Liu, Kai Liu, Nan Liu, Ren Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yuxuan Liu, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhuangjian Loh, Xian Jun Lu, Nanshu Lv, Zhisheng Magdassi, Shlomo Malliaras, George G. Matsuhisa, Naoji Nathan, Arokia Niu, Simiao Pan, Jieming Pang, Changhyun Pei, Qibing Peng, Huisheng Qi, Dianpeng Ren, Huaying Rogers, John A. Rowe, Aaron Schmidt, Oliver G. Sekitani, Tsuyoshi Seo, Dae-Gyo Shen, Guozhen Sheng, Xing Shi, Qiongfeng Someya, Takao Song, Yanlin Stavrinidou, Eleni Su, Meng Sun, Xuemei Takei, Kuniharu Tao, Xiao-Ming Tee, Benjamin C. K. Thean, Aaron Voon-Yew Trung, Tran Quang Wan, Changjin Wang, Huiliang Wang, Joseph Wang, Ming Wang, Sihong Wang, Ting Wang, Zhong Lin Weiss, Paul S. Wen, Hanqi Xu, Sheng Xu, Tailin Yan, Hongping Yan, Xuzhou Yang, Hui Yang, Le Yang, Shuaijian Yin, Lan Yu, Cunjiang Yu, Guihua Yu, Jing Yu, Shu-Hong Yu, Xinge Zamburg, Evgeny Zhang, Haixia Zhang, Xiangyu Zhang, Xiaosheng Zhang, Xueji Zhang, Yihui Zhang, Yu Zhao, Siyuan Zhao, Xuanhe Zheng, Yuanjin Zheng, Yu-Qing Zheng, Zijian Zhou, Tao Zhu, Bowen Zhu, Ming Zhu, Rong Zhu, Yangzhi Zhu, Yong Zou, Guijin Chen, Xiaodong 08-03 Innovis Singapore 138634 Republic of Singapore Innovative Centre for Flexible Devices (iFLEX) School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston Texas 77024 United States School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 United States Microelectronics Research Center The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78758 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry California NanoSystems Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior and Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States Colloid Chemistry Department Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces 14476 Potsdam Germany Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94305 United States Laboratory of Organic Electronics Department of Science and Technology Campus Norrköping Linköping University 83 Linköping Sweden Wallenberg Initiative Materials Science for Sustainability (WISE) and Wallenberg Wood Science Center (WWSC) SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford California 94301 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15213 United States Department of Bioengineering University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles California 90095 United States School of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637457 Singapore Nanobionics Group Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton Australia 3800 Monash

Humans rely increasingly on sensors to address grand challenges and to improve quality of life in the era of digitalization and big data. For ubiquitous sensing, flexible sensors are developed to overcome the limitations of conventional rigid counterparts. Despite rapid advancement in bench-side research over the last decade, the market adoption of flexible sensors remains limited. To ease and to expedite their deployment, here, we identify bottlenecks hindering the maturation of flexible sensors and propose promising solutions. We first analyze continued...challenges in achieving satisfactory sensing performance for real-world applications and then summarize issues in compatible sensor-biology interfaces, followed by brief discussions on powering and connecting sensor networks. Issues en route to commercialization and for sustainable growth of the sector are also analyzed, highlighting environmental concerns and emphasizing nontechnical issues such as business, regulatory, and ethical considerations. Additionally, we look at future intelligent flexible sensors. In proposing a comprehensive roadmap, we hope to steer research efforts towards common goals and to guide coordinated development strategies from disparate communities. Through such collaborative

关键词： soft materials mechanics engineering flexible electronics conformable sensors bioelectronics human-machine interfaces body area sensor networks technology translation sustainable electronics

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BUILDING MACHINE LEARNING LIMITED AREA MODELS: KILOMETER-SCALE WEATHER FORECASTING IN REALISTIC SETTINGS

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Adamov, Simon Oskarsson, Joel Denby, Leif Landelius, Tomas Hintz, Kasper Christiansen, Simon Schicker, Irene Osuna, Carlos Lindsten, Fredrik Fuhrer, Oliver Schemm, Sebastian Federal Office for Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Science Department of Environmental Science ETH Zurich Switzerland Division of Statistics and Machine Learning Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping University Sweden Danish Meteorological Institute Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute Sweden GeoSphere Austria Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom

Machine learning is revolutionizing global weather forecasting, with models that efficiently produce highly accurate forecasts. Apart from global forecasting there is also a large value in high-resolution regional weather forecasts, focusing on accurate simulations of the atmosphere for a limited area. Initial attempts have been made to use machine learning for such limited area scenarios, but these experiments do not consider realistic forecasting settings and do not investigate the many design choices involved. We present a framework for building kilometer-scale machine learning limited area models with boundary conditions imposed through a flexible boundary forcing method. This enables boundary conditions defined either from reanalysis or operational forecast data. Our approach employs specialized graph constructions with rectangular and triangular meshes, along with multi-step rollout training strategies to improve temporal consistency. We perform systematic evaluation of different design choices, including the boundary width, graph construction and boundary forcing integration. Models are evaluated across both a Danish and a Swiss domain, two regions that exhibit different orographical characteristics. Verification is performed against both gridded analysis data and in-situ observations, including a case study for the storm Ciara in February 2020. Both models achieve skillful predictions across a wide range of variables, with our Swiss model outperforming the numerical weather prediction baseline for key surface variables. With their substantially lower computational cost, our findings demonstrate great potential for machine learning limited area models in the future of regional weather forecasting. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Heralding Single Photons using Photon-number-resolving Superconducting Nanowires

Heralding Single Photons using Photon-number-resolving Super...

引用

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Samantha I. Davis Andrew Mueller Raju Valivarthi Nikolai Lauk Lautaro Narvaez Boris Korzh Andrew D. Beyer Marco Colangelo Karl K. Berggren Matthew D. Shaw Neil Sinclair Maria Spiropulu Division of Physics Mathematics and Astronomy California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Alliance for Quantum Technologies (AQT) California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University Cambridge MA USA

ISBN: (数字)9781957171050

ISBN: (纸本)9781665466660

We improve a single photon source based on spontaneous parametric down-conversion by heralding one of the output modes using a photon number resolving superconducting nanowire detector. We measure a reduced magnitude of the second order cross correlation of one of the output modes conditioned on detection of a single photon in the other mode.

关键词： Correlation Measurement by laser beam Detectors Laser modes Electrooptical waveguides Photonics

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