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ESMO Gastrointestinal Oncology 2025年 8卷 100172-100172页

作者： R. Naddaf H. Shmilovich S. Carasso R. Keshet-David R. Herren T. Gefen T. Goshen-Lago Y. Zwang I. Livyatan N. Shental O. Haberfeld R. Straussman S.R. Markar M. Nilsson H. Kashtan I. Ben-Aharon N. Geva-Zatorsky Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Haifa Israel Division of Surgery Rabin Medical Center Petach Tikva Israel Department of Division of Oncology Rambam Health Care Center Haifa Israel Department of Molecular Cell Biology Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Department of Mathematics and Computer Science The Open University of Israel Ra’anana Israel Department of Thoracic Surgery Rambam Health Care Center Haifa Israel Nuffield Department of Surgery University of Oxford Oxford UK Division of Surgery Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden Department of Upper Abdominal Diseases Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden CIFAR Humans & the Microbiome Program CIFAR Toronto Canada

Background Despite continuous improvement in long-term survival after esophagectomy, potential serious post-operative complications, such as anastomotic leaks (ALs), still occur. Several risk factors for ALs have been proposed, including environmental factors. Our main objective was to examine the correlation of esophageal tumor microbiome composition and functional profile with ALs. Additionally, we analyzed the microbiome of esophageal tumors and their potential correlation with clinical features of the patients. Materials and methods Surgical specimens of esophageal tumors and adjacent normal tissues were collected from consecutive patients who underwent an esophagectomy. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples were processed using 16S ribosomal DNA multiple fragments amplicon sequencing to characterize bacterial microbiome composition. The tumor and normal tissue microbiome and bacterial functional profile were analyzed based on the clinical outcome of ALs. Results Out of 60 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 52 (86.7%) patients had both normal adjacent tissue (NAT) and tumor (T) FFPE samples included with sufficient bacterial DNA extracted for analysis. A total of 28% of participants had esophageal ALs. Proportion tests [ P < 0.05, false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.25] revealed operational taxonomic units (OTUs) significantly present in T samples as opposed to NAT samples, as well as significantly present OTUs in patients with AL as opposed to patients without AL complication. Conclusions In this study, we provide a profile of the understudied esophageal microbiome and its connection to ALs. Our results can provide potential clues on how to avoid ALs by considering a patient’s personal microbiome when providing perioperative care.

关键词： microbiome tumor microbiome esophageal cancer esophagectomy anastomotic leak

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Improved approximation algorithms for minimum-weight vertex separators 05

Improved approximation algorithms for minimum-weight vertex ...

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13th Color Imaging Conference: Color science, Systems, Technologies, and Applications

作者： Feige, Uriel Hajiaghayi, Mohammadtaghi Lee, James R. Microsoft Research Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Weizmann Institute Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Computer Science Division U.C. Berkeley

ISBN: (纸本)9781581139600

We develop the algorithmic theory of vertex separators, and its relation to the embeddings of certain metric spaces. Unlike in the edge case, we show that embeddings into L1 (and even Euclidean embeddings) are insufficient, but that the additional structure provided by many embedding theorems does suffice for our purposes. We obtain an O(√log n) approximation formin-ratio vertex cuts in general graphs, based on a new semidefinite relaxation of the problem, and a tight analysis of the integrality gap which is shown to be Θ(√log n). We also prove various approximate max-flow/min-vertex-cut theorems, which in particular give a constant-factor approximation for min-ratio vertex cuts in any excluded-minor family of graphs. Previously, this was known only for planar graphs, and for general excluded-minor families the best-known ratio was O(log n). These results have a number of applications. We exhibit an O(√log n) pseudo-approximation for finding balanced vertex separators in general graphs. In fact, we achieve an approximation ratio of O(√log opt) where opt is the size of an optimal separator, improving over the previous best bound of O(log opt). Like-wise, we obtain improved approximation ratios for treewidth: In any graph of treewidth k, we show how to find a tree decomposition of width at most O(k√log k), whereas previous algorithms yielded O(k log k). For graphs excluding a fixed graph as a minor (which includes, e.g., bounded genus graphs), we give a constant-factor approximation for the treewidth;this can be used to obtain the first polynomial-time approximation schemes for problems like minimum feedback vertex set and minimum connected dominating set in such graphs. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Algorithms

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Heat transfer LES simulations in application to wire-wrapped fuel pins

Heat transfer LES simulations in application to wire-wrapped...

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作者： Peet, Yulia Fischer, Paul Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory United States Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics Northwestern University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781600867453

We present a novel development of a domain decomposition method for the Navier-Stokes equations in a spectral element formulation which enables to investigate turbulent flows in complex geometries. The current paper applies domain decomposition method to simulate turbulent heat transfer in a wire-wrapped fuel pin assembly. The method is first validated on a benchmark problem of a turbulent swept flow over a single wire in a channel. Potential application of the method to simulation of a realistic wire-wrapped assemblies is the discussed. © 2010 by the authors.

关键词： Domain decomposition methods

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Designing Adaptive Multiple Dependent State Sampling Plan for Accelerated Life Tests

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computer Systems science & Engineering 2023年第8期46卷 1631-1651页

作者： Pramote Charongrattanasakul Wimonmas Bamrungsetthapong Poom Kumam Division of Mathematics Department of Mathematics and Computer ScienceFaculty of Science and TechnologyRajamangala University of Technology KrungthepBangkok10120Thailand Division of Applied Statistics Department of Mathematics and Computer ScienceFaculty of Science and TechnologyRajamangala University of Technology ThanyaburiPathum Thani12110Thailand Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science(TaCS-CoE)&KMUTT Fixed Point Research Laboratory Room SCL 802 Fixed Point LaboratoryScience Laboratory BuildingDepartments of MathematicsFaculty of ScienceKing Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi(KMUTT)Bangkok10140Thailand

A novel adaptive multiple dependent state sampling plan(AMDSSP)was designed to inspect products from a continuous manufacturing process under the accelerated life test(ALT)using both double sampling plan(DSP)and multiple dependent state sampling plan(MDSSP)*** accelerated conditions,the lifetime of a product follows the Weibull distribution with a known shape parameter,while the scale parameter can be determined using the acceleration factor(AF).The Arrhenius model is used to estimate AF when the damaging process is *** economic design of the proposed sampling plan was also considered for the ALT.A genetic algorithm with nonlinear optimization was used to estimate optimal plan parameters to minimize the average sample number(ASN)and total cost of inspection(TC)under both producer’s and consumer’s *** results are presented to support the AMDSSP for the ALT,while performance comparisons between the AMDSSP,the MDSSP and a single sampling plan(SSP)for the ALT are *** indicated that the AMDSSP was more flexible and efficient for ASN and TC than the MDSSP and SSP plans under accelerated *** AMDSSP also had a higher operating characteristic(OC)curve than both the existing sampling *** real datasets of electronic devices for the ALT at high temperatures demonstrated the practicality and usefulness of the proposed sampling plan.

关键词： Accelerated life test acceleration factor adaptive of multiple dependent state sampling plan average sample number total cost of inspection weibull distribution

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Tracking an extended maneuvering target using a novel modeling of systems with random parameters

Tracking an extended maneuvering target using a novel modeli...

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54th Israel Annual Conference on Aerospace sciences, IACAS 2014

作者： Sigalov, Daniel Michaeli, Tomer Oshman, Yaakov Interdepartmental Program for Applied Mathematics Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Israel Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Weizmann Institute of Science Israel Department of Aerospace Engineering Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781632662651

Extended target tracking arises in situations where the resolution of the sensor is high enough to allow multiple returns from the target of interest corresponding to its different parts. Various formulations and solutions may be found in the literature. We concentrate on the data association aspect involved in the tracking problem and propose utilization of a general framework that allows reformulation of many seemingly unrelated problems in a similar way. Consequently, the extended object tracking problem is stated as a single generalized dynamical system with random coefficients and solved using a standard IMM algorithm.

关键词： Dynamical systems

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Ad Hoc File Systems for High-Performance Computing

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Journal of computer science & Technology 2020年第1期35卷 4-26页

作者： AndréBrinkmann Kathryn Mohror Weikuan Yu Philip Carns Toni Cortes Scott A.Klasky Alberto Miranda Franz-Josef Pfreundt Robert B.Ross Marc-AndréVef Zentrum für Datenverarbeitung Johannes Gutenberg University MainzMainz 55128Germany Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryLivermoreCA 94550U.S.A Department of Computer Science Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFL 32306U.S.A Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439U.S.A Department of Computer Architecture Universitat Politecnica de CatalunyaBarcelona 08034Spain Computer Science and Mathematics Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831U.S.A Computer Science Department Barcelona Supercomputing CenterBarcelona 08034Spain Fraunhofer Institute for Industrial Mathematics ITWM Fraunhofer-Platz 1Kaiserslautern 67663Germany

Storage backends of parallel compute clusters are still based mostly on magnetic disks,while newer and faster storage technologies such as flash-based SSDs or non-volatile random access memory(NVRAM)are deployed within compute *** these new storage technologies into scientific workflows is unfortunately today a mostly manual task,and most scientists therefore do not take advantage of the faster storage *** approach to systematically include nodelocal SSDs or NVRAMs into scientific workflows is to deploy ad hoc file systems over a set of compute nodes,which serve as temporary storage systems for single applications or longer-running *** paper presents results from the Dagstuhl Seminar 17202"Challenges and Opportunities of User-Level File Systems for HPC"and discusses application scenarios as well as design strategies for ad hoc file systems using node-local storage *** discussion includes open research questions,such as how to couple ad hoc file systems with the batch scheduling environment and how to schedule stage-in and stage-out processes of data between the storage backend and the ad hoc file *** presented are strategies to build ad hoc file systems by using reusable components for networking and how to improve storage device *** interfaces and semantics are presented,for example those used by the three ad hoc file systems BeeOND,GekkoFS,and *** presentation covers a range from file systems running in production to cutting-edge research focusing on reaching the performance limits of the underlying devices.

关键词： parallel architectures distributed file system high-performance computing burst buffer POSIX(portable operating system interface)

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Multi-recurrence and van der Waerden systems

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science China mathematics 2017年第1期60卷 59-82页

作者： KWIETNIAK Dominik LI Jian OPROCHA Piotr YE XiangDong Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Jagiellonian University in Kraków Department of Mathematics Shantou University Faculty of Applied Mathematics AGH University of Science and Technology National Supercomputing Centre IT4Innovations Division of the University of OstravaInstitute for Research and Applications of Fuzzy Modeling University of Ostrava Wu Wen-Tsun Key Laboratory of Mathematics Chinese Academy of SciencesSchool of Mathematical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China

We explore recurrence properties arising from dynamical approach to the van der Waerden theorem and similar combinatorial problems. We describe relations between these properties and study their consequences for dynamics. In particular, we present a measure-theoretical analog of a result of Glasner on multi-transitivity of topologically weakly mixing minimal maps. We also obtain a dynamical proof of the existence of a C-set with zero Banach density.

关键词： multi-recurrent points van der Waerden systems multiple recurrence theorem multiple IP-recurrence property multi-non-wandering points

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Stochastic processes for solid tumor kinetics I. surface-regulated growth

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Mathematical Biosciences 1974年第3-4期19卷 231-255页

作者： Wette, R. Katz, I.N. Rodin, E.Y. Division of Biostatistics School of Medicine United States Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science School of Engineering United States Applied Science Washington University St. Louis MO United States

Following an introductory discussion on the implications of stochastic models of carcinogenesis on and of deterministic models for the growth kinetics of solid tumors, and a brief review of the experimental evidence, it is proposed that solid tumor growth kinetics should be represented mathematically by a nonmultiplicative time-homogeneous stochastic process of the birth and death type. Since nutrients have to enter the solid tumor through its surface, it is in a first approximation to a more adequate representation assumed that the birth rate is proportional to the 2 3 power of the tumor cell population size, and the death rate proportional to the population size;both rates are assumed to be age-independent. A solution for the forward Kolmogorov equation for this process could not be obtained, but bounds are given for the probability of extinction, which is shown to tend to unity asymptotically, for the waiting time to extinction, and for the mean and the variance of the population size. Bounds for the asymptotical conditional mean and mode of the tumor size, conditioned on no extinction, are also given, and the results of computer simulations of the process are discussed. It is shown that the (singular) Fokker-Planck equation for the continuous (diffusion) analog of the process has a regular boundary at the origin, which would require the imposition of an arbitrary boundary condition. Since this is at least biologically unfeasible, it is concluded the the surface proportionality assumption for the birth rate should be replaced by a proposition resulting in a better behavior at the origin, and it is indicated that a better formulation has been obtained and will be presented in a subsequent paper. © 1974.

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Bridging the Data Gap in AI Reliability Research and Establishing DR-AIR, a Comprehensive Data Repository for AI Reliability

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zheng, Simin Clark, Jared M. Salboukh, Fatemeh Silva, Priscila da Mata, Karen Pan, Fenglian Min, Jie Lian, Jiayi King, Caleb B. Fiondella, Lance Liu, Jian Deng, Xinwei Hong, Yili Department of Statistics Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States Dept. of Engineering & Applied Science Univ. of Massachusetts DartmouthMA02747 United States Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering Univ. of Massachusetts DartmouthMA02747 United States Department of Systems & Industrial Engineering University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Mathematics & Statistics University of South Florida TampaFL33620 United States Quantitative Analytics Wells Fargo CharlotteNC28262 United States JMP Division SAS CaryNC27513 United States

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology and systems have been advancing rapidly. However, ensuring the reliability of these systems is crucial for fostering public confidence in their use. This necessitates the modeling and analysis of reliability data specific to AI systems. A major challenge in AI reliability research, particularly for those in academia, is the lack of readily available AI reliability data. To address this gap, this paper focuses on conducting a comprehensive review of available AI reliability data and establishing DR-AIR: a data repository for AI reliability. Specifically, we introduce key measurements and data types for assessing AI reliability, along with the methodologies used to collect these data. We also provide a detailed description of the currently available datasets with illustrative examples. Furthermore, we outline the setup of the DR-AIR repository and demonstrate its practical applications. This repository provides easy access to datasets specifically curated for AI reliability research. We believe these efforts will significantly benefit the AI research community by facilitating access to valuable reliability data and promoting collaboration across various academic domains within AI. We conclude our paper with a call to action, encouraging the research community to contribute and share AI reliability data to further advance this critical field of study. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Thin film chalcogenides and optical design for mid-infrared sensing applications

Thin film chalcogenides and optical design for mid-infrared ...

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CLEO: science and Innovations in CLEO 2024, CLEO: S and I 2024 - Part of Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

作者： El-Kholy, Ibrahim Al-Alexis Khan, Amir Division of Physics Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Optical Science Center for Applied Research Delaware State University DoverDE United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

Constituent elements of Ge-Se-S glasses were chosen with different compositions such as Ge2Se8, Ge2S8, Se2S8, and GeSe2S2 to study their optical properties for UV, visible, and Mid-IR range using different optical tools like UV-Vis, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy for mid-infrared thin film applications. © Optica Publishing Group 2024

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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