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Green Energy and Technology 2013年 132卷 151-168页

作者： Aung, Zeyar Computing and Information Science Program Masdar Institute of Science and Technology Block 3 Masdar City Abu Dhabi 54224 United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781447152095

In this chapter, two aspects of database systems, namely database management and data mining, for the smart grid are covered. The uses of database management and data mining for the electrical power grid comprising of the interrelated subsystems of power generation, transmission, distribution, and utilization are discussed. © Springer-Verlag London 2013.

关键词： Smart power grids

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Strong Loophole-Free Test of Local Realism*

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Physical Review Letters 2015年第25期115卷 250402-250402页

作者： Lynden K. Shalm Evan Meyer-Scott Bradley G. Christensen Peter Bierhorst Michael A. Wayne Martin J. Stevens Thomas Gerrits Scott Glancy Deny R. Hamel Michael S. Allman Kevin J. Coakley Shellee D. Dyer Carson Hodge Adriana E. Lita Varun B. Verma Camilla Lambrocco Edward Tortorici Alan L. Migdall Yanbao Zhang Daniel R. Kumor William H. Farr Francesco Marsili Matthew D. Shaw Jeffrey A. Stern Carlos Abellán Waldimar Amaya Valerio Pruneri Thomas Jennewein Morgan W. Mitchell Paul G. Kwiat Joshua C. Bienfang Richard P. Mirin Emanuel Knill Sae Woo Nam National Institute of Standards and Technology 325 Broadway Boulder Colorado 80305 USA Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo Ontario Canada N2L 3G1 Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA National Institute of Standards and Technology 100 Bureau Drive Gaithersburg Maryland 20899 USA Département de Physique et d’Astronomie Université de Moncton Moncton New Brunswick E1A 3E9 Canada Joint Quantum Institute National Institute of Standards and Technology and University of Maryland 100 Bureau Drive Gaithersburg Maryland 20899 USA Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena California 91109 USA ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona) Spain ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats 08015 Barcelona Spain Quantum Information Science Program Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Toronto Ontario Canada

We present a loophole-free violation of local realism using entangled photon pairs. We ensure that all relevant events in our Bell test are spacelike separated by placing the parties far enough apart and by using fast random number generators and high-speed polarization measurements. A high-quality polarization-entangled source of photons, combined with high-efficiency, low-noise, single-photon detectors, allows us to make measurements without requiring any fair-sampling assumptions. Using a hypothesis test, we compute p values as small as 5.9×10−9 for our Bell violation while maintaining the spacelike separation of our events. We estimate the degree to which a local realistic system could predict our measurement choices. Accounting for this predictability, our smallest adjusted p value is 2.3×10−7. We therefore reject the hypothesis that local realism governs our experiment.

关键词： Nonlocality Optical tests of quantum theory Quantum communication Quantum foundations

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Terminology Learning through Taxonomy Discovery

Terminology Learning through Taxonomy Discovery

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Brazilian Conference on Intelligent Systems (BRACIS)

作者： Raphael Melo Kate Revoredo Aline Paes Postgraduate Information Systems Program UNIRIO Brazil Department of Computer Science Institute of Computing Brazil

Description Logics based languages have emerged as the standard knowledge representation scheme for ontologies. Typically, an ontology formalizes a number of dependent and related concepts in a domain, encompassed as a terminology. As defining such terminologies manually is a complex, time consuming and error-prone task, there is great interest and even demands for methods that learn terminologies automatically. Learning a terminology in Descriptions Logics concerns to learn several related concepts. This process would greatly benefit of an ideal order to determine which concept should be learned before another concept. Arguably, such an order would yield rich and readable terminologies, as previously, and interrelated concepts formerly learned could be used to induce the description of further concepts. In this work, we contribute with a formal definition of the concept and terminology learning problems and from such definitions we devise an algorithm for finding an ordering through concept taxonomy discovery, that should be followed when learning several related concepts. We show through an experiment that by following the order detected by the algorithm, we are able to afford a more readable terminology than methods that do not conceive an ideal order or do not learn concepts in a dependent way.

关键词： Terminology Taxonomy Knowledge based systems Ontologies Cognition Semantics

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Privacy Preservation Scheme for Multicast Communications in Smart Buildings of the Smart Grid

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2013年第4期4卷 313-324页

作者： Depeng Li Zeyar Aung Srinivas Sampalli John Williams Abel Sanchez Computing and Information Science Program Masdar Institute of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi UAE Faculty of Computer Science Dalhousie University Halifax Canada Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge USA.

Privacy preservation is a crucial issue for smart buildings where all kinds of messages, e.g., power usage data, control commands, events, alarms, etc. are transmitted to accomplish the management of power. Without appropriate privacy protection schemes, electricity customers are faced with various privacy risks. Meanwhile, the natures of smart grids and smart buildings—such as having limited computation power of smart devices and constraints in communication network capabilities, while requiring being highly reliable—make privacy preservation a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a group key scheme to safeguard multicast privacy with the provisions of availability, fault-tolerance, and efficiency in the context of smart buildings as a part the smart grid. In particular, hybrid architecture accommodating both centralized and contributory modes is constructed in order to achieve both fault-tolerance and efficiency with only one set of group key installed. Key trees are sophisticatedly managed to reduce the number of exponentiation operations. In addition, an individual rekeying scheme is introduced for occasional joining and leaving of member smart meters. Experimental results, on a simulation platform, show that our scheme is able to provide significant performance gains over state-of-the-art methods while effectively preserving the participants’ privacy.

关键词： AMI Building Area Networks Group Key Multicasting Privacy Smart Building Smart Grid

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11th German Conference on Chemoinformatics (GCC 2015) Abstracts

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JOURNAL OF CHEMINFORMATICS 2016年第SUPPL 1期8卷 1-27页

作者： [Anonymous] GDCh-CIC Division Associated Board Member Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften Trakehner Str. 7-9 60487 Frankfurt Germany. ufechner@beilstein-institut.de. Division Medicinal Chemistry Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS) VU University Amsterdam The Netherlands. Centre for Bioinformatics Uni Hamburg Bundesstr. 43 20146 Hamburg Germany. Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany. stefan.guessregen@***. Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany. GlaxoSmithKline Stevenage SG1 2NY UK. nicola.j.richmond@***. Discngine Paris 75011 France. Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Germany. marwin.segler@wwu.de. Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Germany. Bundeskriminalamt Wiesbaden Central Analytics II 65173 Wiesbaden Germany. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA 93111 USA. shea@chem.ucsb.edu. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA 93111 USA. Chemistry Department Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr. 7 81377 Munich Germany. Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration University of Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany. CAM-D Technologies Essen Germany. Institute for Bioinformatics and Chemoinformatics Westphalian University of Applied Sciences Recklinghausen Germany. Institute for Bioinformatics and Chemoinformatics Westphalian University of Applied Sciences Recklinghausen Germany. achim.zielesny@w-hs.de. Leiden University Leiden Netherlands. j.fraaije@chem.leidenuniv.nl. Culgi BV Berlin Germany. Physikalische Chemie III TU Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany. stefan.kast@tu-dortmund.de. Centre for Molecular Informatics Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom. kcb27@cam.ac.uk. Centre for Molecular Informatics Department of Chemistry

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ASIS&T annual meeting pre-conference activities: information behavior on the move: 2013 ASIS&T SIG/USE research symposium

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Bulletin of the Association for information science and Technology 2014年第3期40卷

作者： Denise E. Agosto Lorri Mon Rong Tang Associate Professor College of Computing & Informatics Drexel University and editor of the Journal of Research on Libraries & Young Adults Associate Professor and Chair The MS-IT program in the Florida State University College of Communication and Information Associate Professor and Director Simmons Usability Lab in the Graduate School of Library and Information Science Simmons College

EDITOR'S SUMMARY The 13th Annual SIG/USE Research Symposium focused on ways mobile technologies have influenced information needs, seeking and use. In her keynote address, Caroline Haythornthwaite framed movement as changing contributorship, interactions and participation in multiple knowledge communities. A series of Ignite talks on the common theme of mobility followed, with topics ranging from mobile phones as the preferred Internet access device, credibility of mobile applications and online resources and public libraries' use of social media and mobile applications to mobile apps promoting health information literacy and supporting teleworking. Small groups brainstormed on opportunities, challenges and research ideas inspired by the theme. Annual SIG/USE awards recognized scholars for innovative work on topics including refugees' information seeking, factors influencing scholars' data sharing and drawings as visual representations of information. The symposium closed with encouragement to consider how information on the move influences perspectives and research into information behavior.

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Load balancing of multi-sink sensor networks with asymmetric topology and traffic patterns

Load balancing of multi-sink sensor networks with asymmetric...

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作者： Aoki, Yuta Oishi, Tadao Bandai, Masaki Fukuda, Munehiro Watanabe, Takashi Dept. of Computer Science Shizuoka University Hamamatsu-shi 432-8011 Japan Dept. of Information and Communication Sciences Sophia University Tokyo 102-8554 Japan Computing and Software Systems Program University of Washington Bothell Campus Way 18115 N.E. Bothell WA 98011-8246 United States

In wireless sensor networks, energy depletion of bottleneck nodes which have more data packets to relay than others, dominates the network lifetime referred to as the funnel effect problem. To overcome this problem, multiple sink methods have been proposed where sensor nodes send observed data packets toward several sinks to distribute traffic load of bottleneck nodes. If both of the topology and the traffic pattern are symmetric, bottleneck nodes are located near sinks. However, in a general sensor network with an asymmetric topology and/or an asymmetric traffic pattern, bottleneck nodes may exist any place in the network. In this paper, we propose DCAM (DispersiveCast of packets to Avoid bottleneck nodes for Multiple sink sensor network), which is a load balancing method to improve lifetime of a sensor network with an asymmetric topology and an asymmetric traffic pattern. DCAM first finds bottleneck nodes, and then balances the load on the bottleneck nodes. Selected nodes send data packets to several sinks dispersively according to some criteria. The criteria classify DCAM into three variations: DCAM with probability (DCAM-P), DCAM with moving boarder (DCAM-MB), and DCAM with round-robin (DCAM-RR). This paper gives details of the DCAM methods, and thereafter evaluates them with asymmetric topologies and asymmetric traffic patterns. To deal with these dynamic asymmetry, the topology is modeled by a grid network with virtual holes that are defined as vacant places of nodes in the network. Asymmetry of traffic pattern is modeled by defining a hot area where nodes have heavier data traffic than the others. The evaluations are conducted as changing hot-area traffic patterns as well as fixing hot-area patterns. The results show that DCAM improves network lifetime up to 1.87 times longer than the conventional schemes, (i.e., nearest sink transmissions and optimal dispersive cast of packet). We also discuss DCAM on several aspects such as overhead, energy consumption, and

关键词： Energy conservation

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Just add pepper: Extending learning algorithms for repeated matrix games to repeated Markov games

Just add pepper: Extending learning algorithms for repeated ...

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11th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems 2012: Innovative Applications Track, AAMAS 2012

作者： Crandall, Jacob W. Computing and Information Science Program Masdar Institute of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781627481564

Learning in multi-agent settings has recently garnered much interest, the result of which has been the development of somewhat effective multi-agent learning (MAL) algorithms for repeated normal-form games. However, general-purpose MAL algorithms for richer environments, such as generalsum repeated stochastic (Markov) games (RSGs), are less advanced. Indeed, previously created MAL algorithms for RSGs are typically successful only when the behavior of associates meets specific game theoretic assumptions and when the game is of a particular class (such as zero-sum games). In this paper, we present a new algorithm, called Pepper, that can be used to extend MAL algorithms designed for repeated normal-form games to RSGs. We demonstrate that Pepper creates a family of new algorithms, each of whose asymptotic performance in RSGs is reminiscent of its asymptotic performance in related repeated normal-form games. We also show that some algorithms formed with Pepper outperform existing algorithms in an interesting RSG. Copyright © 2012, International Foundation for Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Game theory

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Indoor scene knowledge acquisition using a natural language interface

Indoor scene knowledge acquisition using a natural language ...

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Workshop on Spatial Knowledge Acquisition with Limited information Displays 2012, SKALID 2012

作者： Kesavan, Saranya Giudice, Nicholas A. School of Computing and Information Science Spatial Informatics Program University of Maine United States

This paper proposes an interface that uses automatically-generated Natural Language (NL) descriptions to describe indoor scenes based on photos taken of that scene from smartphones or other portable camera-equipped mobile devices. The goal is to develop a non-visual interface based on spatio-linguistic descriptions which could assist blind people in knowing the contents of an indoor scene (e.g., room structure, furniture, landmarks, etc.) and supporting efficient navigation of this space based on these descriptions. In this paper, we concentrate on understanding the most salient content of a stereotypic indoor scene that is described by an observer, categorizing the description strategies employed in this process, and evaluating the best presentation of directional information using NL descriptions in order to support the most accurate spatial behaviors and mental representations of these scenes by means of human behavioral experiments. This knowledge will then be used to develop a domain specific indoor scene ontology, which in turn will be used to generate automated NL descriptions of indoor scenes based on their photographs, which will finally be integrated into a real-time non-visual scene description system.

关键词： Ontology

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The effects of visual granularity on indoor spatial learning assisted by mobile 3D information displays

The effects of visual granularity on indoor spatial learning...

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International Conference on Spatial Cognition, SC 2012

作者： Giudice, Nicholas A. Li, Hengshan Spatial Informatics Program School of Computing and Information Science University of Maine Orono ME 04469 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783642327315

There is growing interest in improving indoor navigation using 3D spatial visualizations rendered on mobile devices. However, the level of information conveyed by these visualization interfaces in order to best support indoor spatial learning has been poorly studied. This experiment investigates how learning of multi-level virtual buildings assisted by mobile 3D displays rendered at different levels of visual granularity effect subsequent unaided navigation tasks. The visual granularity levels include: a high fidelity model, low fidelity model, wireframe model and sparse model. Results showed that using the sparse model during learning led to the most accurate and efficient overall pointing and navigation performance and that between-floor judgments were less accurate when assistance during learning was unavailable. These findings demonstrate that more information is not necessarily better and provide new insights into the optimal information content to be included in mobile 3D visualization interfaces supporting indoor spatial learning and cognitive map development. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Visualization

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