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From light sensing to adaptive learning:hafnium diselenide reconfigurable memcapacitive devices in neuromorphic computing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 215-226页

作者： Bashayr Alqahtani Hanrui Li Abdul Momin Syed Nazek El-Atab Electrical and Computer Engineering Program Computer Electrical Mathematical Science and Engineering DivisionKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University(PNU)RiyadhSaudi Arabia

Advancements in neuromorphic computing have given an impetus to the development of systems with adaptive behavior,dynamic responses,and energy efficiency *** charge-based or emerging memory technologies such as memristors have been developed to emulate synaptic plasticity,replicating the key functionality of neurons—integrating diverse presynaptic inputs to fire electrical impulses—has remained *** this study,we developed reconfigurable metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors(MOSCaps)based on hafnium diselenide(HfSe2).The proposed devices exhibit(1)optoelectronic synaptic features and perform separate stimulus-associated learning,indicating considerable adaptive neuron emulation,(2)dual light-enabled charge-trapping and memcapacitive behavior within the same MOSCap device,whose threshold voltage and capacitance vary based on the light intensity across the visible spectrum,(3)memcapacitor volatility tuning based on the biasing conditions,enabling the transition from volatile light sensing to non-volatile optical data *** reconfigurability and multifunctionality of MOSCap were used to integrate the device into a leaky integrate-and-fire neuron model within a spiking neural network to dynamically adjust firing patterns based on light stimuli and detect exoplanets through variations in light intensity.

关键词： integrate volatile integrating

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Enhanced Performance of a Graphene-Doped Silicon Sensor Incorporating a 2-D Photonic Crystal Resonator for Terahertz Light Transmission

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 16905-16912页

作者： Tavares, Simone C. C. Barros de Sousa, Fabio Dos Reis Silva, Alan Costa, Marcos B. C. Federal University of Pará Department of the Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering Belém66075110 Brazil Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Pará Department of the Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering Marabá68507590 Brazil Federal University of Para College of Materials Engineering Department of the Postgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering Belem66075110 Brazil

This study presents the design of a graphene-doped silicon sensor that incorporates a 2-D photonic crystal (2D-PhC) nanocavity resonator integrated into a waveguide. The selection of graphene was predicated on its exceptional optical properties. Defects were introduced into the silicon substrate, and the central holes of the resonator were optimized. The graphene component was then embedded within these central holes in the silicon substrate. Through simulations, the influence of hole dimensions, designed based on wavelength and amplitude, on the transmission of light at the desired frequency was investigated, enabling the determination of the optimal hole size for this application. The results obtained from these simulations indicate that the dimensions of the cavity holes, when combined with graphene doping, significantly enhance the sensor’s birefringence. This is a characteristic that cannot be achieved with silicon alone. The incorporation of graphene as a waveguide has been found to be beneficial for the sensor’s overall performance. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Silicon sensors

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Multi-Scale Analysis Combined Operando Elemental/Spectroscopic Measurement Techniques in Oxide-Type All-Solid-State Na Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2025年第2期8卷 38-47页

作者： Koji Hiraoka Kazuo Yamamoto Takeshi Kobayashi Tetsuo Sakamoto Shiro Seki Graduate School of Engineering Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Program Kogakuin University Nanostructures Research Laboratory Japan Fine Ceramics Center Energy Transformation Research Laboratory Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Graduate School of Engineering Electrical Engineering and Electronics Program Kogakuin University

Understanding the charge/discharge mechanism of batteries plays an important role in the development of high-performance systems,but extremely complicated reactions are *** these complex phenomena are also bottlenecks for the establishment of all-sol id-state batteries(ASSB),we conducted multi-scale analysis using combined multi-measurement techniques,to directly observe charge/discharge reactions at hierarchical scales for the oxide-type ASSB using Na as the carrier *** particular,all of measurement techniques are applied to cross-section ASSB in the same cell,to complementarily evaluate the elemental distributions and structural *** Operando scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,the Na concentration in the electrode layers changes on the micrometer scale under charge/discharge reactions in the first ***,Operando Raman spectroscopy reveal changes in the bonding states at the atomic scale in the active material,including changes in reversible structural *** cycling the ASSB,the elemental distributions are clearly observed along with the particle shapes and can reveal the Na migration mechanism at the nanometer scale,by time-of-flight secondary ion mass ***,this study can provide a fundamental and comprehensive understanding of the charge/discharge mechanism by observing reaction processes at multiple scales.

关键词： Operando oxide-type all-solid-state battery Raman SEM-EDS sodium battery TOF-SIMS

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Experimental evaluation of MIMO configurations in indoor visible light communications under the consideration of illumination

Optics Continuum

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Optics Continuum 2025年第4期4卷 789-803页

作者： Esteban Farfán-Guillén, David Camporez, Higor Silva, Jair Adriano Lima Castellano Rodriguez, Juan Camilo Pohl, Alexandre De Almeida Prado CPGEI–Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Federal University of Technology Paraná Curitiba80230–901 Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo Vitória29075-960 Brazil

Visible light communications (VLC) enable wireless data transmission using existing light-emitting diode (LED) illumination. This experimental study evaluates the performance of multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) configurations in indoor VLC systems by analyzing their impact on both communication and illumination. Various MIMO setups (2 × 2, 3 × 2, and 4 × 2) are compared against single input single output (SISO), and single input multiple outputs (SIMO) schemes, using commercial LED luminaires as transmitters. While the 4 × 2 MIMO configuration demonstrates superior overall performance, intermediate configurations like 3 × 2 or 2 × 2 MIMO offer an attractive trade-off between system complexity and performance enhancement, particularly in scenarios with space or cost constraints. The results show that MIMO configurations significantly outperform SISO systems, achieving reliable communication (BER ≤ 10−3) at practical indoor distances of up to 2 meters while maintaining illumination levels above 300 lux, where conventional SISO setups do not meet these dual requirements. These findings demonstrate the practical feasibility of MIMO-VLC systems for indoor deployments. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Frequency division multiplexing Modulation techniques Multiple input multiple output Quadrature amplitude modulation Signal processing Visible light communications

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Phase Unwrapping Algorithm for Distributed Acoustic Sensing Based on Unlimited Sampling and Phase Diversity

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IEEE Sensors Journal 2025年第10期25卷 17102-17109页

作者： Dureck, Eduardo H. Gomes, Danilo F. Weber, Guilherme H. Brusamarello, Beatriz Passarin, Thiago A. R. Martelli, Cicero Pipa, Daniel R. Cardozo da Silva, Jean Carlos Federal University of Technology—Paraná Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Curitiba80230-901 Brazil

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) detects strain on optical fibers over long distances with a typical spatial resolution of a couple of meters and an acquisition rate of up to 100 kHz. DAS is utilized to diagnose events in applications such as pipeline monitoring, seismic detection, structural diagnostics, and sea current observation, offering high precision for complex environments. Given the requirements of these applications, the fidelity of the data from DAS is crucial to obtain the greatest accuracy of the monitored event. However, this equipment is subject to signal distortions due to the effects of noise and the sensor’s dynamic range. To mitigate these effects, this article introduces a new data interpretation methodology based on the unlimited sampling algorithm, which enhances the dynamic range of the sensor during the signal unwrapping process and incorporates phase diversity for noise fading reduction. This work introduces a dataset using the new algorithm compared with the state of the art. The setup follows SEAFOM guidelines using a fiber stretcher to generate signals on the fiber. An improvement of 18.44% in detecting the signal’s fundamental frequency was achieved, and a hyperparameter mapping was conducted to enable future application in systems, where the current standard DAS algorithm fails to resolve signals accurately. © 2001-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Optical fibers

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Incorporating ethics education into an electrical and computer engineering undergraduate program 125

Incorporating ethics education into an electrical and comput...

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125th ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition

作者： Ghorbani, Mahsa Maciejewski, Anthony A. Siller, Thomas J. Chong, Edwin K.P. Omur-Ozbek, Pinar Atadero, Rebecca A. Colorado State University Program of Systems Engineering United States Colorado State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Colorado State University Department in Civil and Environmental Engineering United States Colorado State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and of Mathematics United States Colorado State University Civil and Environmental Engineering Department United States Colorado State University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering United States

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Reduced-RSS: Reduced Residual Search Space for Nash Bargaining Solutions

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8215-8225页

作者： Cha, Chaeyeon Park, Hyunggon Ewha Womans University Graduate Program in Smart Factory Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Seoul03760 Korea Republic of

A fair and efficient resource allocation is crucial to maximize the efficiency of vehicular networks with time-varying resources among dynamically changing vehicles. The Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS) from the cooperative game theory has been one of the fair and optimal resource management solutions for multiple users. However, the computational complexity required to find the NBS for general utility functions exponentially increases either as the number of users increases or as the resources change over time. This is because the size of bargaining sets where the NBS should be found changes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to reduce the size of the search spaces by considering the adjacent bargaining sets correlated by resource changes. We use the axiom of independence of linear transformations in NBS for the linear approximation of NBS in the adjacent bargaining sets based on its linear transform, leading to reduced residual search space. Moreover, we prove that the NBS is always included in the reduced residual search space based on the axiom of independence of irrelevant alternatives in NBS. Through simulations and experiments on synthetic and real traffic data, we demonstrate that the complexity of existing algorithms for NBS is lowered with the reduced residual search spaces. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： NIST Resource management Heuristic algorithms Vectors Dynamical systems Computational complexity Accuracy Vehicle dynamics Dynamic scheduling System performance

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Impact of Latency and Packet Error on Communication in Centralized Microgrid Control: Modeling and Guidelines

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 82732-82746页

作者： Lucaschaves, Lucas S. Callegari, Joao Marcus S. Araujo, Lucas S. Brandao, Danilo I. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Belo Horizonte31270-901 Brazil Federal Center for Technological Education of Minas Gerais Department of Electrical Engineering Nepomuceno30575-180 Brazil

This paper proposes a novel dynamic model in the Laplace domain for an advanced ac microgrid with centralized secondary control. The model applies a centralized power-based control strategy and incorporates communication non-idealities such as latency and packet error. Packet loss and communication failure are considered herein as latency issues. The central controller incorporates an anti-aliasing filter that constrains the frequency of the transmitted signal and the packet transmission rate in compliance with Nyquist’s sampling theorem. The model is validated on a test bench, with experimental implementation of the communication system and central controller, and a real-time simulation of the electrical power system via hardware-in-the-loop. The impact of latency on the controller’s performance is evaluated through stability, control bandwidth, load rejection bandwidth, settling time, and rejection of packet errors. The results show that communication latency directly impacts the controller’s performance, affecting all analyzed performance metrics. Meanwhile, the cutoff frequency of anti-aliasing filter and packet transmission rate influence control stability, response dynamics, and the system ability to reject load variations and packet errors. Finally, the paper proposes a flowchart-based guideline for configuring the microgrid central controller and selecting communication technologies to implement ancillary services with predefined durations in advanced microgrids. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Signaling

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Heuristic-Based Recommendation System for Dealing with Abnormal Situations in Industrial Applications

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ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in engineering Systems, Part B: Mechanical engineering 2025年第2期11卷 021104页

作者： Da Silva, Márcio J. Pereira, Carlos E. PPGEE-Graduate Program on Electrical Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande Do sul RS Porto Alegre90035190 Brazil

The effective management of process deviations and abnormal events depends on operational actions in providing the appropriate responses to each situation. Applications with requirements focused on the provision of resources tend to be handled by a human-machine interface (HMI) along with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA). Process reliability is achieved if the operation ensures that actions will be performed according to the required response and priority levels. This paper presents a novel architecture entitled the heuristic-based recommendation system (HB-RS). The main goal is to provide resources capable of streamlining the process of actively handling abnormal situations. For recommendation purposes, the use of probabilistic networks is proposed, which are well suited to represent uncertainty elements present in engineering applications. To create the inference mechanism for these systems, a multi-entity Bayesian network (MEBN) is proposed, highlighting the importance of semantic characterization via knowledge-based, probabilistic graphical model formalism, which is closely linked to the modeling paradigm in which we can predict situations. The developed capabilities have been applied to a real case study in the operation of a metro train system, and the results obtained indicate the value of the proposed method. Copyright © 2025 by ASME.

关键词： Subway cars

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Hybrid 1D and 2D CNN-Transformer Architectures for Multilabel 12-Lead EKG Anomaly Detection 59

Hybrid 1D and 2D CNN-Transformer Architectures for Multilabe...

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59th Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems, CISS 2025

作者： Detore, Ian Samsundar, John Davis, Cleon Johns Hopkins University Electrical and Computer Engineering Program BaltimoreMD United States Johns Hopkins University Electrical and Computer Engineering Program LaurelMD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513269

This study introduces two novel hybrid machine-learning architectures for multilabel anomaly detection in electrocardiograms (EKGs): a 1D modified ResNet combined with a transformer encoder and an equivalent 2D ResNet-Transformer hybrid. This work is among the first to utilize two separate CNN-transformer architectures tailored specifically for temporal and spatial features in multilabel EKG data. Our models address the challenges of imbalanced data and multilabel classification by leveraging the PTB-XL dataset, containing over 21,000 annotated samples across five diagnostic superclasses, namely myocardial infarction, conduction disturbances, hypertrophy, ST-T wave changes, and normal EKGs. We applied advanced data augmentation techniques to mitigate class imbalance, including the Multilabel Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (ML-SMOTE). Additionally, we employed digital signal processing to denoise the EKG signals and convert time-series data into time-frequency representations for 2D modeling. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, with the 1D model achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 91.5% and the 2D model achieving an AUC of 87.2%. These findings demonstrate the potential of specialized architectures for comprehensive multilabel EKG anomaly detection. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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