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An integer programming model for vaccine procurement and delivery for childhood immunization: A pilot study

Health Care Management Science 1999年第1期2.0卷 1-9页

作者： Jacobson, Sheldon H. Sewell, Edward C. Deuson, Robert Weniger, Bruce G. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute State University Blacksburg VA 24061 United States Department of Mathematics and Statistics Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville Edwardsville IL 62026-1653 United States Immunization Services Division National Immunization Program Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA 30333 United States Vaccine Safety and Development Activity National Immunization Program Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA 30333 United States

The National Immunization program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has identified several challenges that must be faced in childhood immunization programs to deliver and procure vaccines to protect against the common preventable diseases. The biomedical challenge is how to combine and formulate products to take advantage of new vaccines without requiring additional injections. A programmatic challenge is to incorporate them into already crowded immunization schedules. The economic challenge is to make wise procurement choices from among a growing number of competing products. This paper reports the results of a pilot study using operations research methodologies to address the third of these challenges. The pilot is an integer programming model for procuring vaccines for a set of childhood diseases. The model is studied under various scenarios (minimum total cost, next lowest total cost, maximum total cost, minimum total cost with all manufacturers represented). The results of this pilot study demonstrate how a practical set of operations research tools can be developed to guide vaccine selection and procurement, which might stimulate the development of innovations in new vaccines to meet the challenges of disease control through immunization. © Baltzer Science Publishers BV.

关键词： Economics Integer programming model health-care applications Mathematical programming Vaccines

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Sufficient Conditions for Closed-Loop Control Over a Gaussian Relay Channel

Sufficient Conditions for Closed-Loop Control Over a Gaussia...

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2011 American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： Ali A. Zaidi Tobias J. Oechtering Serdar Yuksel Mikael Skoglund School of Electrical Engineering and the ACCESS Linnaeus Center Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Mathematics and Engineering Program and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics Queen''s University Kingston ONT Canada

The problem of remotely stabilizing a noisy first order linear time invariant system with an arbitrary distributed initial state over a general half-duplex white Gaussian relay channel is addressed. We propose to use linear and memoryless communication and control strategies which are based on the Schalkwijk-Kailath coding scheme. By employing the proposed scheme over the general half-duplex Gaussian relay channel, we derive sufficient conditions for mean square stability of the noisy first order linear time invariant dynamical system.

关键词： Relays Decoding Noise measurement AWGN Information rates Encoding

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Bayesian hierarchical model for estimating gene association network from microarray data

Bayesian hierarchical model for estimating gene association ...

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IEEE International Workshop on Genomic Signal Processing and statistics (GENSIPS)

作者： Dongxiao Zhu Alfred O. Hero Bioinformatics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Departments of EECS Biomedical Engineering and Statistics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

Estimating gene association networks from gene microar- ray data is the key to decipher complicated Web of functional relationship between genes. However, the process remains to be challenging due to the relatively few independent samples and the large amount of correlation parameters. In a gene association network, vertices represent genes, and edges represent biological association between genes. The network edges are declared to be present if the corresponding correlation parameters are significantly different from a non-zero threshold. The approach has been very useful in inferring gene association networks, and facilitating network based discovery. However, as a Frequentist approach, it often suffers from the "overfitting" problem especially for analyzing small sample size data. Approaches that are able to globally estimate the correlation parameters with variance regularization followed by the seamless correlation thresholding are highly desirable.

关键词： Bayesian methods Gaussian distribution Gene expression Blindness Bioinformatics Biomedical engineering Statistical distributions Computational modeling Computational complexity Parameter estimation

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COVID-19 pandemic accelerates the perception of digital transformation on real estate websites

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Quality and Quantity 2023年第3期57卷 2165-2181页

作者： Moro, Matheus Fernando de Souza Mendonça, Anny Key de Andrade, Dalton Francisco Production Engineering Department Federal University of Santa Catarina Campus Trindade SC PO Box 476 Florianopolis 88040-900 Brazil Graduate Program in Production Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Campus Trindade SC PO Box 476 Florianopolis 88040-900 Brazil Department of Informatic and Statistics Federal University of Santa Catarina Campus Trindade SC PO Box 476 Florianopolis 88040-900 Brazil

In early March, the newspapers reported the arrival of the Coronavirus in Brazil. The period of confinement directly affected our routines and transformed our consumption habits. Amidst the fear of contagion and uncertainty, people isolated themselves and postponed changes. Previous studies indicate that digital practices were accelerated after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, facilitating communication and improving the performance of various sectors of the economy. Thus, to better understand the behavior of Brazilian real estate market professionals in this period, the objective of this research was to verify whether the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the process of perception of digitalization in real estate websites. To this end, five experts in the digital real estate market were interviewed, asked what are the main items that a quality real estate website should have to improve user experience. Based on the items selected by the experts, a questionnaire was developed and a question was constructed for each item. The questionnaire was sent online to 2144 realtors, asking about the importance of these items before and after the pandemic started. Using a 5-point Likert scale, and strict criteria for analysis, our survey yielded 423 valid responses. The results indicate that regardless of the groups analyzed, the hypotheses confirm that after the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the perception of the importance of digital technology in Brazilian real estate websites was enhanced, increased. Managers took advantage of the pandemic and the availability of digital technology to offer specialized service to customers, thus creating a new competitive scenario. The tools associated with the visualization of the property and information such as ‘360°/Video Tour’, ‘Video Visit Broadcast’, ‘Chatbots’ and ‘FAQ List’ had the greatest increase in perception. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

关键词： Covid-19 pandemic Digital business Digital transformation Real estate websites

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On Optimal Policies for Control and Estimation Over a Gaussian Relay Channel

On Optimal Policies for Control and Estimation Over a Gaussi...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Ali A. Zaidi Serdar Yuksel Tobias J. Oechtering Mikael Skoglund School of Electrical Engineering and the ACCESS Linnaeus Center Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Stockholm Sweden Mathematics and Engineering Program Department of Mathematics and Statistics Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781612848006

The problem of causal transmission of a memoryless Gaussian source over a two-hop memoryless Gaussian relay channel is considered. The source and the relay encoders have average transmit power constraints, and the performance criterion is mean squared distortion. The main contribution of this paper is to show that unlike in the case of a point-to-point channel, linear encoding schemes are not optimal over a two-hop relay channel in general, extending the sub-optimality results which are known for more than two hops. In some cases, simple three level quantization policies employed at the source and at the relay can outperform the best linear policies. Further a lower bound on the distortion is derived and it is shown that the distortion bounds derived using cut-set arguments are not tight in general for sensor networks.

关键词： Relays Nonlinear distortion Encoding Neodymium Decoding Noise Distortion measurement

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Exchange rate volatility and exports: A panel data analysis for 5 ASEAN countries 8

Exchange rate volatility and exports: A panel data analysis ...

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8th International Seminar on New Paradigm and Innovation on Natural Sciences and Its Application, ISNPINSA 2018

作者： Subanti, S. Hakim, A.R. Riani, A.L. Hakim, I.M. Nasir, M.S. Department of Statistics Universitas Sebelas Maret Indonesia Graduate Program in Economics Universitas Indonesia Indonesia Department of Industrial Engineering Universitas Indonesia Indonesia Department of Management Universitas Sebelas Maret Indonesia Institute for Research and Social Services Universitas Sebelas Maret Indonesia Department of Development Economics Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Indonesia

The study of the effects of exchange rate volatility has still attracted the attention among economist, especially international economist. Because, if the exchange rate is unpredictable, it makes uncertainty about the profits to be gained, so this conditions may diminish the gain from international trade. In addition, some empirical literature provides various findings, where the exchange rate volatility has a positive effect on exports and can also negatively effect on exports. This paper wants to provide empirical evidence on both of these. It uses panel data involving five ASEAN countries with a period of 2000-2016. We also apply some analysis in panel data, such as the pooled least squares method, the fixed effect method, and the random effect method. The findings show that the exchange rate volatility has negative impact on exports. This paper suggests that each of central bank should pursue sustainable and stable exchange rate policy measures to promote greater exchange rate stability that would help to enhance the real exports of the economy. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： International trade

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An interoperability approach based on asynchronous replication among distributed internet databases

An interoperability approach based on asynchronous replicati...

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IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC)

作者： Douglas D. J. de Macedo Hilton W. G. Perantunes Luiz F. J. Maia Eros Comunello Aldo von Wangenheim M.A.R. Dantas Department of Informatics and Statistics (INE) Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianopolis Brazil Post-Graduate Program Knowledge Engineering and Management (PPGEG) Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianopolis Brazil Department of Informatics and Statistics (INE) Florianopolis Brazil Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) Post-Graduate Program in Knowledge Engineering and Management (PPGEGC) Florianopolis Brazil 88040-900

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in telemedicine in Brazil, because the country is the fifth largest country in the world and there is a huge gap between the population size and the number of available doctors. Institutions and the government are considering solutions for the integration and availability of data produced by several different systems. In this paper we present a contribution that is characterized by an asynchronous replication strategy between distributed medical databases. The contribution, named PGR, is an enhancement to the PostgreSQL database software that introduces lightweight asynchronous operations. In addition, we have implemented a multi-master engine with partial replication and hybrid fragmentation in order to allow interoperability between different telemedicine systems. Our early results indicate that the model and its implementation have reached a successful level in terms of performance and interoperability.

关键词： Databases Proposals Distributed databases Medical services Software Monitoring Biomedical imaging

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Enhancing healthcare AI stability with edge computing and machine learning for extubation prediction

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-11页

作者： Kuo-Yang Huang Ching-Hsiung Lin Che-Liang Chung Ying-Lin Hsu Huang-Chi Chen Ming-Hwarng Horng Ching-Sen Liu Jia-Lang Xu Division of Chest Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program in Medical Biotechnology National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Division of Chest Medicine Department of Internal Medicine Yuanlin Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan Institute of Statistics National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Applied Mathematics National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chaoyang University of Technology Taichung Taiwan

The advancement of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has revolutionized data acquisition and processing in critical care settings. Given the pivotal role of ventilators, accurately predicting extubation outcomes is essential to optimize patient care. This study presents an edge computing-based framework that incorporates machine learning algorithms to predict ventilator extubation success using real-time data collected directly from ventilators. The system was deployed on edge devices to enable on-site inference with minimal latency. Among the evaluated models, Random Forest and XGBoost, the latter demonstrated superior predictive performance under both holdout and tenfold cross-validation schemes. Notably, the edge-based architecture reduced server data transmissions by 83.33%, while improving system stability, resilience, and sustainability. This paper details the model evaluation and demonstrates the feasibility and efficiency of edge intelligence in ventilator weaning decision support.

关键词： Clinical decision support system Edge-computing Extubation Internet of medical things Machine learning

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Stochastic Nestedness and the Belief Sharing Information Pattern in Decentralized Control

Stochastic Nestedness and the Belief Sharing Information Pat...

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2009 American Control Conference (ACC 2009)

作者： Serdar Yuksel Mathematics and Engineering Program and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada K7L 3N6

ISBN: (纸本)9781424445233

In a dynamic decentralized control problem, a common information state supplied to each of the Decision Makers leads to a tractable dynamic programming recursion. However, communication requirements for such conditions require exchange of very large data noiselessly, hence these assumptions are generally impractical. We present a weaker notion of nestedness, which we term as stochastic nestedness, which is characterized by a sequence of Markov chain conditions. It is shown that if the information structure is stochastically nested, then an optimization problem is tractable, and in particular for LQG problems, the team optimal solution is linear, despite the lack of deterministic nestedness or partial nestedness. One other contribution of this paper is that, by regarding the multiple decision makers as a single decision maker and using Witsenhausen's equivalent model for discrete-stochastic control, it is shown that the common state required need not consist of observations and it suffices to share beliefs on the state and control actions;a pattern we refer to as k-stage belief sharing pattern. We evaluate a precise expression for the minimum amount of information required to achieve such an information pattern for k velence 1. The information exchange needed is generally strictly less than the information exchange needed for deterministic nestedness and is zero whenever stochastic nestedness applies.

关键词： decision makers decentralised control information exchange information pattern information structure Beliefs Information Sharing Stochastic Markov chain nestedness

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Some results in optimal hierarchical estimation

Some results in optimal hierarchical estimation

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： S. Roy P. Bhimasankaram R. A. Iltis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California Santa Barbara CA USA Statistics and Applied probability program University of California Santa Barbara CA USA

The primary objective of this paper is to review several results available in the statistical literature pertaining to the problem of hierarchical estimation. Some relevant extensions are derived for the problem of reconstructing the globally optimal estimate based on local estimates transmitted by feeder nodes. Their utilisty is next demonstrated with characterizations and examples pertaining to common scenarios in decentralized estimation problems.

关键词： Sensor systems Noise measurement Optimal control Sensor phenomena and characterization Signal processing Costs Fault tolerant systems Sensor fusion Particle measurements statistics

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