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Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation 2024年第2期60卷 188-201页

作者： Pacurari, M. Cox, I. Kafoury, R. Komolafe, K. Kodedoye, O. Farah, I. Department of Biology College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University JacksonMS39217 United States Environmental Science PhD Program College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University JacksonMS39217 United States RCMI Center for Environmental Health College of Science Engineering and Technology Jackson State University JacksonMS39217 United States

Exposure to ambient air pollution component particulate matter (PM) in urban environments has been associated with adverse health effects to the exposed population. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and inflammatory responses of lung A549 cells to ambient particulate matter (PM) extracts (EE) collected from a geographical site in south of city limits of Jackson, Mississippi. PM was collected from the site, extracted, and characterized for chemical composition and microscopic analysis using SEM. Following characterization, the EE was used to treat A549 cells, and various cellular responses were assessed. Our SEM analysis of EE indicated the presence of micrometer-sized particles, and elemental analysis indicated the presence of elements such as C, Si, Fe, S, N, P, and Ca. Cell viability decreased in a dose- and timedependent manner following exposure to EE. Inflammatory gene IL-1β, chemokine CCL-18 and MIP-1, and transcription factor NF-кB were upregulated by EE. EE also increased the level of ROS and mitochondria. In conclusion, our data indicates that EE is cytotoxic, inflammatory, and an oxidant to lung cells Also, the findings of the present study highlight the potential health risks associated with exposure to air pollution and inflammatory lung disease. © 2024 IAE All rights reserved.

关键词： Lung cancer

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Applicability of Electrical Resistance Method for Water Absorption Test on Cement Paste Using Mineral Admixture 3rd

Applicability of Electrical Resistance Method for Water Abso...

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3rd International Conference on Sustainable Civil engineering and Architecture, ICSCEA 2023

作者： Nakamura, Taku Aoki, Takahiro George, Riya C. Ogawa, Yuko Kawai, Kenji Civil and Environmental Engineering Program Hiroshima University 1-4-1 Kagamiyama Hiroshima Higashihiroshima739-8527 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9789819974337

While moisture is essential for the reaction of the binder in concrete, it is also known to be closely associated with degradation factors. Therefore, it is important to understand the internal water transfer for the maintenance and management of concrete structures. An embedded electrical resistance method, one of the electrical resistance methods, can finely grasp the moisture state in cement paste by the miniaturization of the electrode. However, its reproducibility and accuracy are still unclear, and it cannot be said to be a well-established method. It is also known that the pore structure becomes dense and the electrical resistance changes when mineral admixture is used because the electrical current flows through non-bonded water in hardened cement paste. Although the use of concrete with mineral admixtures has been increasing, there are still few examples of detailed studies on water transfer in this case. This study aims to examine the reproducibility and accuracy of the embedded electrical resistance method, and the results of the water absorption test using the electrical resistance method and the gravimetric method were compared by using cement paste with and without mineral admixtures. As a result, for almost all the mixture proportions, the moisture arrival distance at each measurement time measured by both methods was almost the same. The reproducibility of the electrical resistance method was confirmed by the fact that there was no significant variation in the arrival distance of moisture for each mixture. It may indicate that the electrical resistance method is applicable as a moisture transfer measurement method. © 2024, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Water absorption

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Cherenkov-Based Neutron Detector Design and Development for Advanced Reactors

Cherenkov-Based Neutron Detector Design and Development for ...

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2024 Annual Conference on Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, ANS 2024

作者： Strong, Jacob Snow, Jesse Cazalas, Edward Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Civil and Environmental University of Utah Salt Lake CityUT84112 United States

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Evolution and customisation of the RegCM model for urban climate studies:Addressing multifaceted challenges and advancing climate science

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第4期5卷 607-624页

作者： Naushin Yasmin Safi Ullah Sami G.Al-Ghamdi Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering(BESE)Division Environmental Science and Engineering ProgramKing Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)23955-6900ThuwalSaudi Arabia KAUST Climate and Livability Initiative King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)23955-6900ThuwalSaudi Arabia

The Regional Climate Model(RegCM)proves valuable for climate analysis and has been applied to a wide range of climate change aspects and other environmental issues at a regional *** model also demonstrated success in diverse areas of urban research,including urban heat island studies,extreme climate events analysis,assessing urban resilience,and evaluating urbanization impacts on climate and air ***,more studies have been conducted in utilizing RegCM to address climate change in cities,due to its enhanced ability over the years to capture meteorological phenomena at city ***,there are many challenges associated with its implementation in meso-scale research,which are attributed to various shortcomings and thus create room for further improvement in the *** paper presents a comprehensive overview of the evolution of the RegCM over the years and its customisation across various parameters,demonstrating its versatility in urban climate studies and underscoring the model’s pivotal role in addressing multifaceted challenges in urban *** addressing these aspects,the paper offers valuable insights and recommendations for researchers seeking to enhance the accuracy and efficacy of urban climate simulations using the RegCM system,thereby contributing to the advancement of urban climate science and sustainability.

关键词： RegCM Urban climate Air quality Urban heat island effect Urban design Climate extremes

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Biosurfactant-Enhanced Remediation of Oil-Contaminated Groundwater

Biosurfactant-Enhanced Remediation of Oil-Contaminated Groun...

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2024 SPE Europe Energy Conference and Exhibition, EURO 2024

作者： Sanchez-Huerta, C. Hong, P.-Y. Zhang, S. Alahmari, M.M. Humam, A.A. Environmental Science and Engineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Saudi Aramco’s EXPEC Advanced Research Center Dhahran Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025399

Groundwater contaminated with hydrocarbons poses a serious hazard to the environment. Current oil-contaminated groundwater remediation techniques include physical, chemical, and biological approaches. Chemical surfactants have the potential of high toxicity due to their low biodegradability. Biosurfactants have demonstrated similar performance to that of chemical surfactants, with the added value of low toxicity. The use of surfactants directly over the top layer of crude oil-contaminating groundwater, where environmental conditions are different from that in above ground surfaces, have yet not been explored in depth. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the potential of four different surfactants for their ability to be deployed in conditions mimicking underground aquifer so as to enhance remediation of oil-contaminated groundwater. Selected surfactants comprised two chemical surfactants, referred to as A and B, and two biosurfactants, referred to as BS and C. Surfactants were evaluated for their ability (i) to reduce the crude oil layer thickness through facilitating oil dispersion, and (ii) the extent of natural biodegradation it can achieve. Experiments were performed in glass flasks containing synthetic groundwater and crude oil supplemented with surfactant added at the three different surfactants: oil ratios (S:O) 1:5, 1:10 and 1:50. Reduction of crude oil layer thickness, water turbidity, and bacterial cell count were continuously monitored for 60 days to observe the temporal variation of biosurfactant activity towards crude oil. The performance of surfactants A, C and BS in reducing oil layer thickness was influenced by temperature and S:O ratios. Overall, increase in temperature increased the performance of these three surfactants. S:O ratio was optimal at 1:10 for surfactants A and BS, and at 1:5 for surfactant C. Surfactants A and C reduced the oil layer thickness mainly by means of dispersion and less by biodegradation. In contrast, surfactant BS ex

关键词： Surface active agents

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Hybrid Solution to Remediate Groundwater Contaminated by Petroleum-Hydrocarbons

Hybrid Solution to Remediate Groundwater Contaminated by Pet...

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2024 SPE Water Lifecycle Management Conference and Exhibition, WLMC 2024

作者： Alahmari, M.M. Humam, A.A. Zefzafy, I.M. Sanchez-Huerta, C. Hong, P.-Y. Zhang, S. Saudi Aramco's EXPEC Advanced Research Center Dhahran Saudi Arabia Environmental Science and Engineering Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9781959025320

Groundwater contamination by petroleum-hydrocarbons is a serious environmental problem. Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons with serious environmental and health risks. Thus, remediation of groundwater from petroleum hydrocarbon contamination is an emerging priority. Current approaches to remediate hydrocarbon contamination include physical and chemical methods. However, most of these approaches have a limited application for in-situ groundwater remediation. This study aims to develop a sustainable hybrid solution for efficient restoration of groundwater polluted by crude oil, providing a source of high-quality groundwater stream. Hybrid solution compromises in-situ addition of biosurfactant followed by a flow through electrochemical reactor installed in the groundwater well. The proposed hybrid solution comprises a two-stage process evaluated through lab-scale experiments treating crude oil that was mixed with synthetic water, mimicking groundwater contamination by petroleum-hydrocarbons. For biosurfactant optimization, glass flasks containing synthetic groundwater and crude oil were supplemented with biosurfactant BS, and C added at the three surfactants: oil (S:O) ratios 1:5, 1:10, and 1:50. Two temperature (25-35 °C) conditions were analyzed to simulate groundwater environment. The change in the crude oil layer thickness total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration (TPH) was continuously monitored for 60 days. Electron Oxidation was carried out where Boron-dopped diamond (BDD) anode and titanium cathode plates, were fitted into a 1 L reactor containing groundwater, crude oil and biosurfactant. Kinetic analysis at three constant currents (20, 30 and 40 mA/cm2) was performed. Samples were collected at regular intervals along 120 min to determine changes in TPH, COD and pH. The performance of biosurfactant BS and C in reducing the thickness of crude oil layer was influenced by different parameters including temperature, and S:O ratio. The increase in temper

关键词： Groundwater

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A COMPREHENSIVE METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING THE THEORETICAL, TECHNICAL, AND ECONOMIC POTENTIALS OF BIOMASS RESIDUES: A CASE STUDY OF MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL 32nd

A COMPREHENSIVE METHODOLOGY FOR CALCULATING THE THEORETICAL,...

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32nd European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, EUBCE 2024

作者： Filho, Fernando Bruno Dovichi Lora, Electo Eduardo Silva Maya, Diego Yepes Palacio, Jose Carlos Escobar Mayer, Flavio Dias Venturini, Osvaldo Jose Errera, Marcelo Risso Program of Energy Engineering Institute of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Itajubá Brazil Chemical Engineering at the Federal University of Santa Maria Brazil Department of Environmental Engineering Federal University of Parana Brazil

The present investigation aims to determine the technical and economic potentials of electricity generation from different types of biomasses in the state of Minas Gerais, using different electricity generation technologies, supported by different thermochemical combustion and gasification routes. The five most available biomasses in the state of Minas Gerais were selected: corn, soybeans, coffee, eucalyptus and sugar cane, whose crops produce residues that can be used for electricity generation. Considering the technical, logistical and economic data of the selected biomasses, the research sought to define the most viable types of residual biomass for electricity generation, in different locations within the state, through a multi-criteria decision-making approach (MCDM). A bibliographic review of the maturity of different types of electricity generation technologies from biomass was carried out, based on available information, schemes and operational parameters of real installations. The level of technological readiness of the different alternatives was also evaluated through a survey with specialists in the sector, concluding that the technologies with the highest level of readiness are the conventional Rankine cycle, the organic Rankine cycle and the use of gasifiers integrated with internal combustion. These three technological alternatives were adopted as options for the generation of electricity from biomass, obtaining a scale of the types of biomasses available, through a multicriteria methodology. The determination of the criteria weight was carried out from an integration with the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). In conjunction with a GIS-MCDA approach, different micro-regions were evaluated considering their respective biomass resources, allowing the estimation of costs and performance of different electricity production technologies. A logical algorithm was developed for the selection of alternatives for energy production from biomass, giving priority

关键词： Operating costs

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比较三种稳定剂对FeS纳米颗粒的稳定效果及对水土中镉的固定与去除性能的影响

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Journal of Central South University 2024年第4期31卷 1064-1075页

作者：田舒婷赵东叶霍丽娟马骏杨睿 Department of Environmental Science School of Environment and ResourcesTaiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Environmental Engineering Program Department of Civil&Environmental EngineeringAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA Department of Civil Constructionand Environmental EngineeringSan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA

本研究评估了三种多糖稳定剂(羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、羧甲基淀粉钠(CMS)和一种水溶性淀粉)用于稳定FeS纳米颗粒的有效性,并测试了相应稳定化纳米颗粒在水和土壤中固定Cd^(2+)的性能。使用0.010 wt%CMC、0.025 wt%CMS或0.065 wt%淀粉可获... 详细信息

本研究评估了三种多糖稳定剂(羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、羧甲基淀粉钠(CMS)和一种水溶性淀粉)用于稳定FeS纳米颗粒的有效性,并测试了相应稳定化纳米颗粒在水和土壤中固定Cd^(2+)的性能。使用0.010 wt%CMC、0.025 wt%CMS或0.065 wt%淀粉可获得完全稳定的FeS纳米颗粒(100 mg/L FeS)。CMC-FeS表现出较高的zeta负电位,淀粉-FeS保持中性,而CMS-FeS则表现出中等负电位。CMCFeS对Cd^(2+)的吸附速率最快,吸附容量也最高。当用100 mg/L CMC-FeS或CMS-FeS处理一种含Cd土壤(58.3 mg/kg Cd)后,Cd的TCLP浸出率分别降低了88.4%和68.0%。CMC-FeS和CMS-FeS均可在模型土壤中运移,显示出其在土壤中原位固定Cd^(2+)方面的潜力。土壤穿透曲线实验表明,CMC-FeS在4.5个孔体积,CMS-FeS在约25个孔体积处几乎完全穿透。柱实验结果表明,当用55个孔体积的CMC-FeS或CMS-FeS悬浮液(100 mg/L)处理该含Cd土壤后,Cd的水浸出率分别降低了98.2%和98.0%。根据目标污染物、材料在土壤中的传输特性和材料成本,可找到这三种稳定剂在土壤修复中的最佳应用。

关键词：硫化铁纳米颗粒稳定剂重金属污染物固定土壤修复地下水污染

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environmental Disinfection Based on Mobile Intelligent Networking Highly Efficient Ultraviolet Light Machines

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Aerosol and Air Quality Research 2024年第2期24卷 1-10页

作者： Chung, Chun-Yen Sung, Wen-Tsai Wang, Lin-Chi Siami, Lailatus Santos, John Paul Computer and Game Development Program Kun Shan University Tainan710303 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411030 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung81157 Taiwan Department of Environmental Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan32023 Taiwan Department of Civil Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan32023 Taiwan

Since 2019, the world has suffered from the outbreak of the "Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 pandemic. This study used the principle of Ultraviolet (UV)-C disinfection to produce a mobile high-power UV-C sterilizer. It focused on combining intelligent control systems, human sensors, and Internet of Things (IoT) systems to carry out disinfection tasks in unmanned indoor spaces. Because of its mobile nature, the sterilizer could be moved at any time in various learning, research, and activity rooms for disinfection. In addition to manually controlling the sterilizer, a Wi-Fi or Narrowband (NB)-IoT-enabled remote control was provided to start the disinfection process. In order to prevent ultraviolet light from harming the human body, sensors were employed self-acting to detect the presence of people and turn off the ultraviolet light when people were detected in the area. At the same time, a camera on the sterilizer would capture an image and notify the relevant personnel through a LINE notification, to prevent the human body from being exposed to ultraviolet light, causing harm to the teachers and students on campus. During operation, voice broadcast reminders and a status indicator could provide information about the operation status. After disinfection, users could view the disinfection process through a mobile device application or a webpage, which would automatically notify relevant personnel of the disinfection status through a LINE notification. In this way, the disinfection progress could be updated at anytime, anywhere and the current disinfection status in the classroom could be displayed in real-time, allowing teachers and students on campus to carry out teaching and learning in a safe and secure environment. © The Author(s).

关键词： Internet of things

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Novel cerium–tungsten–titanium-based catalyst for an efficient oxidative desulfurization material in fuel oil under a laboratory-scale setup

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Clean Technologies and environmental Policy 2024年第4期26卷 1135-1148页

作者： Virtudazo-Ligaray, Corazon Alaba de Luna, Mark Daniel G. Choi, Angelo Earvin Sy Lu, Ming Chun Chemical Engineering and Technology Department Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology Andres Bonifacio Ave Iligan City Lanao del Norte9200 Philippines Environmental Engineering Graduate Program College of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines Department of Chemical Engineering De La Salle University 2401 Taft Avenue Manila Malate0922 Philippines Department of Environmental Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan

Desulfurization technology plays an essential role in the removal of sulfur existing in raw fuel for an immediate aversion of the formation of acid rain and sulfate particulate matters that endanger the environment and public health. In this study, CeO2–WOx–TiO2 catalyst was synthesized by sol–gel method and applied in the oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil using H2O2 as oxidizing agent. The WOx loading (0.10–0.40 mol fraction) was varied, and the CeO2–WOx–TiO2 catalyst was characterized by energy-dispersive X-ray and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of different parameters such as catalyst dosage (0.1–0.5 g), oxidation time (10–40 min) and quantity of phase transfer agent dosage (0.1–0.5 g) on the dibenzothiophene conversion was investigated. Results show that increasing the oxidation temperature, dosage of both catalyst and phase transfer agent, and oxidation time would result in higher dibenzothiophene conversion from refractory fuel oil. The oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil using CeO2–WOx–TiO2 catalyst exhibited a 100% dibenzothiophene conversion at temperature of 60 ºC, reaction time of 30 min, dosage of catalyst at 0.2 g and phase transfer agent at 0.1 g. Results showed the mole fraction of 0.3 W in CeO2–WOx–TiO2 catalyst provided the highest efficiency in dibenzothiophene conversion, which is essential in industrial applications specifically for oxidative desulfurization of fuel oil. The results in this research support the novel application of the CeO2–WOx–TiO2 catalyst in producing clean fuels in conjunction with the oxidative desulfurization process. Therefore, the catalyst synthesis in this study provides a prospective usability for future industrial applications in the aspect of desulfurization. The present work demonstrates the feasibility of using CeO2–WOx–TiO2 catalyst in oxidative desulfurization to generate desulfurized fuel oil, which is a more economical approach since the process operates at lower temperature and pressure. Graphic

关键词： Scanning electron microscopy

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