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Deseasonalized trend of ground-level ozone and its precursors in an industrial city Kaohsiung, Taiwan

environmental Pollution 2024年 351卷 124036页

作者： Nguyen, Duy-Hieu Liao, Chih-Hsiang Bui, Xuan-Thanh Wang, Lin-Chi Yuan, Chung-Shin Lin, Chitsan Program in Maritime Science and Technology College of Maritime National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung811213 Taiwan Department of Environmental Engineering and Science Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science Tainan71710 Taiwan 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street District 10 Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Linh Trung ward Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung80424 Taiwan Department of Marine Environmental Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung811213 Taiwan

Mitigating ground-level ozone (GLO) remains challenging due to its highly nonlinear formation process. Thus, understanding GLO pollution trends is crucial for developing effective control strategies, especially Kaohsiung industrial city, Taiwan. Based on the long-term monitoring data set of 2011–2022, temporal analysis reveals that monthly mean GLO peaks in autumn (40.66 ± 5.10 ppb), carbon monoxide (CO) and major precursors such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHC) reach their highest levels in winter. The distinct seasonal variation of air pollutants in Kaohsiung is primarily influenced by the unique blocking effect of the mountainous area under the northeasterly wind, as the city is situated downwind, causing high GLO levels during autumn due to the accumulation of stagnant air hindering the dispersion of pollutants. Over the 12 years (2011–2022), the deseasonalized trend analysis was conducted with p x) at −0.63 ppb/yr due to significantly reducing their precursors. Furthermore, the effectiveness of precursor reduction is also supported by GLO daily maximum profile changes. While high GLO events (>120 ppb) decrease, days within midrange (60–80 ppb) rise from 24.4% to 33.3%. A notable difference emerges when comparing daytime and nighttime GLO. While daytime GLO decreased at −0.22 ppb/yr, nighttime GLO increased at +0.34 ppb/yr. Weakened nocturnal titration effects accounted for the nighttime increase. The distinct spatial variations in GLO trends on a citywide scale underscore that areas with complicated industrial activities may not benefit from a continuing reduction of precursors compared to less-polluted areas. The findings of this study hold significant implications for improving GLO control strategies in heavily industrialized city and provide valuable information to the general public about the current state of GLO pollution. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Nitrogen oxides

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Carbon-negative cement-bonded biochar particleboards

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 219-227页

作者： Liang Chen Yuying Zhang Claudia Labianca Lei Wang Shaoqin Ruan Chi Sun Poon Yong Sik Ok Daniel C.W.Tsang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China College of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Research Centre for Resources Engineering Towards Carbon Neutrality The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong KongChina Korea Biochar Research Center APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program&Division of Environmental Science and Ecological EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Korea

Biochar from bio-waste pyrolysis presents excellent CO_(2) sequestration *** study innovated the design of cement-bonded particleboards utilizing a substantial amount of 50-70 wt.%pre-soaked biochar to render the products *** investigated the roles of biochar in magnesium oxysulfate cement(MOSC)system and demonstrated good mechanical and functional properties of biochar cement *** the presence of biochar,the amounts of hydration products were enriched in the cement systems as illustrated by the thermogravi-metric analyses(TGA)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).We further incorporated supplementary cementitious materials(SCMs)and generated 5 Mg(OH)_(2)⋅MgSO_(4)·7H_(2)O(5-1-7)phase in the MOSC *** a result,our designs of biochar particleboards satisfied the standard requirements for flexural strength(>5.5 MPa)and thickness swelling(<2%).Moreover,our biochar particleboards presented a low thermal conductivity as the biochar pores disrupted thermal bridging within *** illustrated that the high dosage ratio of biochar could significantly offset the CO_(2) emissions of the particleboards(i.e.,carbon-negative)via life cycle *** economic profits could also be accomplished for the biochar *** instance,the 50BC-MOSC bonded particleboard(with 50 wt.%pre-soaked biochar as aggregate,50 wt.%MOSC as binder)with promising mechanical properties could store 137 kg CO_(2) tonne^(−1) and yield an overall economic profit of 92 to 116 USD m^(−3) depending on the carbon prices in different *** summary,our new designs of carbon-negative biochar particleboards could curtail carbon emissions in the construction materials and promote the realization of carbon neutrality and circular economy.

关键词： Biochar-cement composite Carbon neutrality Wood waste biochar Magnesium oxysulfate cement Climate-positive construction materials

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Recover energy and materials from agricultural waste via thermalchemical conversion (vol 5, pg 1200, 2022)

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ONE EARTH 2022年第12期5卷 1404-1404页

作者： Lee, Kuan-Tieng Chen, Wei-Hsin Sarles, Paul Park, Young-Kwon Ok, Yong Sik Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung 407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung 411 Taiwan International Master Degree Program on Energy National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701 Taiwan School of Environmental Engineering University of Seoul Seoul 02504 Republic of Korea Korea Biochar Research Center APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Korea University Seoul Republic of Korea

Every year, at least 1,300 million tons of agricultural waste is produced, and the amount is likely to expand further in a world with a growing population to feed. Our current linear approach to handling this vast amount of waste via landfills and incineration has already contributed to about 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions and also created various toxic pollutants. There is an urgent need to sustainably manage agricultural waste that can benefit both the environment and humans. Thermochemical conversion emerges as a promising technology that can convert agricultural waste into a variety of valuable products, creating circularity opportunities. In this primer, we explain the thermochemical conversion of agricultural waste by illustrating four mainstreaming processes. We further discuss the potential tradeoffs of these processes in terms of their environmental externalities and reflect upon the potential toward a circular and net-zero future.

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Green Fabrication of Underwater Superoleophobic Biopolymeric Nanofibrous Membranes for Effective Oil-Water Separation

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2023年第2期5卷 603-616页

作者： Subin Oh Junsik Bang Hyoung‑Joon Jin Hyo Won Kwak Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha University100 Inha‑RoMichuhol‑GuIncheon 22212South Korea Department of Agriculture Forestry and BioresourcesCollege of Agriculture and Life SciencesSeoul National University1 Gwanak‑RoGwanak‑GuSeoul 08826South Korea Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Inha University100 Inha‑RoMichuhol‑GuIncheon 22212South Korea Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University1 Gwanak‑RoGwanak‑GuSeoul 08826South Korea

Currently,most of the materials for oil-water separation membranes are limited to fluorine-based polymers with low surface ***,it is not biodegradable and requires large amounts of organic and toxic solvents in the membrane manufacturing ***,interest in the development of a new eco-friendly oil-water separation membrane that does not cause secondary pollution and exhibits selective wettability characteristics in water or oil is *** biopolymeric nanofibrous membranes inspired by fish skin can provide specific underwater oleophobicity,which is effective for excellent oil-water separation efficiency and prevention of secondary *** gelatin,which is highly soluble in water and has a low gelation temperature,can be electrospun in an aqueous solution and has the same polar functional groups as the hydrophilic mucilage of fish *** addition,the micro/nanostructure of fish skin,which induces superoleophobicity in water,introduces a bead-on-string structure using the Rayleigh instability of *** solubility of fish gelatin in water was removed using an eco-friendly crosslinking method using reducing *** skin-mimicking materials successfully separated suspended oil and emulsified oil,with a maximum flux of 2086 Lm^(−2) h^(−1) and a separation efficiency of more than 99%.The proposed biopolymeric nanofibrous membranes use fish gelatin,which can be extracted from fish waste and has excellent biodegradability with excellent oil-water separation *** addition,polymer material processing,including membrane manufacturing and crosslinking,can be realized through eco-friendly ***,fish skin-inspired biopolymeric membrane is expected to be a promising candidate for a sustainable and effective oil-water separation membrane in the future.

关键词： Fish gelatin Nanofibrous membrane Superoleophobicity Superhydrophilicity Oil/water separation

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INTERNAL SOLITARY WAVES PHASE SPEED ESTIMATION IN THE LOMBOK STRAIT USING MULTI-SATELLITE DATA 44

INTERNAL SOLITARY WAVES PHASE SPEED ESTIMATION IN THE LOMBOK...

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44th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, ACRS 2023

作者： Chonnaniyah Osawa, Takahiro As-Syakur, Abd Rahman Environmental Engineering Program Institute of Sciences and Technology Nahdlatul Ulama Bali Bali Denpasar80119 Indonesia Yamaguchi University Tokiwadai Yamaguchi Ube755-0097 Japan Department of Marine Sciences Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries Udayana University Jimbaran Bali Badung80361 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781713893646

This study used multiple satellites equipped with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical sensors to estimate the phase speeds of internal solitary waves (ISWs) in the Lombok Strait. During the southeast monsoon period, ISW phase speeds in the Lombok Strait were observed using Sentinel-1/SAR, GCOM-C/SGLI, and Terra/MODIS sensors. It is assumed that ISW in the Lombok Strait arises from the interaction between the semidiurnal tides and the coarse bathymetry (sill) in the southern part of the strait. ISW phase speed using multi-satellite data is estimated by dividing the distance between the detected first crest patterns by the time difference between the two images recorded. This study examines multi-satellite data capacity to estimate the Lombok Strait propagation speed. Estimating ISW phase speed derived from multi-satellite images showed that the phase speed was slower when the ISW packet reached the Kangean Island area. The results correlated with the variation of bathymetry along the ISW propagation to the northern part of the strait. The multi-satellite observation data used in this study enhanced our understanding of the influence of bathymetry variation on the estimated phase speeds in the Lombok Strait. © 2023 ACRS. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Internal solitary waves Lombok Strait multi-satellite phase speeds

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Advances in plastic waste-derived carbon nanomaterial for supercapacitor applications: Trends, challenges and prospective

Advances in plastic waste-derived carbon nanomaterial for su...

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作者： Kumar Nayak, Samit Saurabh, S.M. Kar, Abhijeet Bhusan Sahoo, Bibhuti Kumar Sahoo, Naresh Kumar Sahoo, Prasanta Department of Mechanical Engineering Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University Bhubneswar751030 India Department of Chemistry Environmental Science and Technology Program Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University Odisha Bhubaneswar751030 India

Plastic is one of the most serious environmental threats. Plastic is a non-biodegradable substance that releases various hazardous compounds that cause cancer and other serious illnesses, as well as endangering aquatic life and polluting the environment. The use of waste plastic in the production of a variety of nanomaterials can protect people and the surroundings from the dangers of plastic waste, while simultaneously producing useful compounds for other applications. This critical review summarizes the current plastic waste circumstances investigation of the worldwide energy crisis, as well as a recent development in the structural forms and presents a situational investigation of common plastic waste into valuable carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) like carbon quantum dots, carbon nanoparticles, Carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene, and 3D porous carbon, which can be used as supercapacitor electrode materials. The impact of various structural alterations on CNMs on the charge storage mechanism has been widely addressed for the manufacture of high-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors, and their future potential. We think that our review reveals a promising long-term strategy for using plastic waste for supercapacitor electrode applications, as well as a new way for humanity's future energy and waste management challenges. © 2022

关键词： Supercapacitor

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Solar-driven surface-heating membrane distillation using Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated spacers

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Chemosphere 2024年 351卷 141129页

作者： Almarzooqi, Noora Alwan, Rawan Abu AlMarzooqi, Faisal Ghaffour, Noreddine Hong, Seunghyun Arafat, Hassan A. Department of Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Khalifa University Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates Center for Membranes and Advanced Water Technology Khalifa University Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates Khalifa University Abu Dhabi127788 United Arab Emirates King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Environmental Science & Engineering Program Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science & Technology Thuwal23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

The emergence of two-dimensional (2D) MXenes as efficient light-to-heat conversion materials offers significant potential for solar-based desalination, particularly in photothermal interfacial evaporation, enabling cost-effective solar-powered membrane distillation (MD). This study investigates solar-powered MD afforded by a photothermally functionalized spacer, which is built by spray-coating Ti3C2Tx MXene sheets on metallic spacers. 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene gives an ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency;thereby, by Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated metallic spacer, this rationally designed spacer allows for a localized photothermal conversion and interfacial feed heating effect on the membrane surface, especially for MD operation. As a feed spacer and a photothermal element, Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated metallic spacer exhibited stable enhanced water flux of up to 0.36 kg·m−2h−1 under one sun illumination for a feed salinity of 35 g·L−1, corresponding energy conversion efficiency of 28.3 %. Overall, the developed photothermal Ti3C2Tx MXene-coated spacers displayed great potential in enhancing the performance, scalability, and feasibility of solar-driven MD process, paving the way for further development of photothermal elements that can be implemented in solar MD applications. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Evaporation

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Macroalgae as Blue Carbon Reservoirs and Bioindicators of Metal Pollution in the Saudi Arabian Red Sea: A Comparative Study of Coral Reef and Seagrass Meadow Habitats

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Cai, Chunzhi Anton, Andrea Duarte, Carlos M. Agusti, Susana King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Marine Science Program The Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division Thuwal23955 Saudi Arabia Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies Esporles Illes Balears07190 Spain

Macroalgae are vital components of blue carbon ecosystems, yet their elemental compositions in the Red Sea are not well understood. This study analyzed 22 elements in 161 macroalgae blades from 13 species in the Saudi Arabian Red Sea. Macroalgae from coral reefs had higher K, As, and Sr but lower TN (Total nitrogen), Na, Mg, Al, P, S, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Zn compared to those from seagrass meadows, likely due to proximity to human activities. In the Southern Red Sea, macroalgae showed lower Sr but higher TOC (Total organic carbon), TN, P, and Cd compared to the North, suggesting nutrient inflows from the Indian Ocean. Macroalgae blades have lower carbon sequestration capacity than seagrass and mangrove leaves but are more effective bioindicators of metal pollution. Halymenia sp., Caulerpa taxifolia, and Dyctiota sp. showed the highest TOC, TN, and P contents among red, green, and brown macroalgae, highlighting their role in carbon sequestration and nutrient cycling. Amphiroa fragilissima, Udotea flabellum, and Padina sp. emerged as promising metal pollution bioindicators. Macroalgae from Al Birk, Al Lith, Thuwal, Yanbu, and Al Wajh exhibited alarming Cr (~10.9 mg kg−1) and Ni (~27.2 mg kg−1) levels, exceeding toxicity thresholds, urging stringent pollution control measures. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomarkers

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Non-Human Primate Monitoring System: Early Alert System Against Crop Raids for Farms in Nepal

Non-Human Primate Monitoring System: Early Alert System Agai...

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IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC)

作者： Daniil Slutskiy Zach Jacques Nuno Bazarian Saurav Basnet Amir Poudel Prakash Manandhar School of Engineering Wentworth Institute of Technology Boston Massachusetts USA Environmental Science and Policy Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA Program of Computer Science Wentworth Institute of Technology Boston Massachusetts USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350377347

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377354

The ongoing shift of populations from rural villages to urban centers in Nepal has led to farmland abandonment, drawing wildlife, particularly rhesus macaques, closer to human settlements. This proximity has resulted in frequent crop raids, causing substantial agricultural damage, and affecting the wellbeing of farmers. Traditional non-lethal deterrent methods, including noisemakers and netting, have proven ineffective. To address this issue, the described project aimed to develop a surveillance system using AI technology and IoT modules to detect macaque raids and alert farmers promptly. The system comprises a Raspberry Pi equipped with a camera and microphone, designed to detect motion and process live video feeds for monkey detection. Audio data is also recorded for future model training. Unlike solutions requiring extensive infrastructure, this system is costeffective and deployable in remote areas without specialized transceivers. Initial tests indicate the system's potential to protect crops and enhance farmers’ quality of life, fostering a harmonious coexistence between humans and wildlife in Nepal.

关键词： Training Surveillance Wildlife Crops Cameras Transceivers Data models Feeds Artificial intelligence Microphones

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Waste Plastics and Microplastics in Africa: Negative Impacts and Opportunities

Waste Plastics and Microplastics in Africa: Negative Impacts...

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2021 AIChE Annual Meeting

作者： Abdellatif, Gaber Mahmoud, Ahmed S. Peters, Robert W. Mostafa, Mohamed K. Environmental Engineering Program Zewail City of Science and Technology Giza Egypt Badr Egypt Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering University of Alabama at Birmingham BirminghamAL United States Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781713852834

Waste plastics and microplastic pollution are two of the most pressing global issues during the past few decades, since the beginning of plastic mass production either for direct use in packaging and plastic products, or for indirect use for plastic dependent industries. The issue is even more problematic for Africa due to the late catch-up of the industrialization and urbanization boom for most of the African countries, which is usually accompanied with intensive production, consumption, and waste generation of plastics. Moreover, the growing population, cheaper costs of plastic products, and minor importance of environmental conservation in developing countries in Africa are making it an easy choice to expand in plastic use and wastage. African countries have imported about 172 Mton of polymers and plastics valued between 1990 and 2017, and the per capita consumption of plastic in Africa in 2015 was 16 kg/capita/year. While plastic is very important for populations, inappropriate disposal or treatment of plastic waste can introduce hazardous and toxic materials to our environment and ecosystem like microplastics that usually consists of persistent polymers, and other toxic plastic additives like plasticizers, antioxidants, and stabilizers. Moreover, 79% of plastic waste worldwide is being discharged to landfills or open environments. That's why mixed plastic waste was listed as hazardous waste in the Basel Convention. Therefore, this paper provides a review of the life cycle of plastics in. Production and importing will be discussed, important usages will also be elaborated, and most importantly plastic waste production and current plastic waste management techniques will be evaluated and highlighted, and drawbacks of current strategies will be addressed. Finally, recommendations about better waste management strategies will be provided. © 2021 American Institute of Chemical Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Plastic products

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