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TREATMENT OF DIRECT BLUE 15 (DB15) BY FERED-FENTON

Xinan Jiaotong Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 2022年第3期57卷 363-372页

作者： Marlina, Elin Purwanto, Purwanto Sudarno, Sudarno Sari, Ajeng Arum Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Research Unit for Clean Technology Indonesian Institute of Sciences Bandung Indonesia

The Fered-Fenton process is one of the proposed options across the set of electrochemical oxidation processes. The primacy of this process is in-situ production of oxidation factors such as the hydroxyl radical (OH•). In this study, the Fered-Fenton process was adopted for the degradation of Direct Blue 15 (DB15) in wastewater by variating operational factors such as initial pH, applied current, and H2O2 and Fe2+ concentrations. The efficiency of color removal, chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, functional group removal, and energy consumption of the Fered-Fenton process was evaluated. According to the results of this research, color and COD was degraded up to 90% and 86%, respectively, using graphite and Ti/Pt as electrodes. The presence of C-O absorption at wave number 1129.17 cm-1 also strengthens the presence of OH groups attached to the carbon chain. The energy consumption of this treatment was 20.4 kWh/L after 120 min. Therefore, the Fered-Fenton method is environmentally friendly for dye wastewater treatment. © 2022 science Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Topological band gaps and edge modes materialized by symmetric silicon-on-insulator photonic crystal slabs in the mid-IR range

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Physical Review A 2023年第4期107卷 043507-043507页

作者： Afshan Begum Yuanzhao Yao Takashi Kuroda Yoshihiko Takeda Naoki Ikeda Yoshimasa Sugimoto Takaaki Mano Kazuaki Sakoda Center for Green Research on Energy and Environmental Materials National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba 305-0003 Japan Doctoral Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of Tsukuba Tsukuba 305-8577 Japan Research Center for Functional Materials National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan Research Network and Facility Service Division National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba 305-0047 Japan

We successfully fabricated silicon-on-insulator (SOI) photonic crystal (PhC) slabs in which electromagnetic topological band gaps and edge modes were materialized for symmetric transverse-electric-like modes. Because the structure of our specimens can be regarded as symmetric about the horizontal middle plane of the PhC slab, their symmetric and antisymmetric eigenmodes were rigorously separated, so we could achieve genuine photonic band gaps for the former. We fabricated those specimens by electron beam lithography of the top Si layer of SOI wafers and successive plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of a SiO2 capping layer. We confirmed the complete common band gap of topologically trivial and nontrivial PhCs and the topological edge modes on the boundary between them by angle-resolved reflection spectroscopy in the mid-infrared range. This is an observation of the common band gap and edge modes that materialized in symmetric PhC slabs without a membrane structure, that is, without the etching of a sacrificial layer under the PhC to increase the refractive-index contrast and the width of the common band gap.

关键词： Nanophotonics Photonic crystals Photonics Topological effects in photonic systems

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Bacterial Mobility and Motility in Porous Media Mimicked By Microspheres

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Shrestha, Diksha Ou, Jun Rogers, Ariel Jereb, Amani Wang, Yong Department of Physics Cell and Molecular Graduate Program Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Department of Environmental Resources Engineering Mechanical Engineering Program California State Polytechnic University Humboldt ArcataCA95521 United States

Bacterial motion in porous media are essential for their survival, proper functioning, and variousapplications. Here we investigated the motion of Escherichia coli bacteria in microsphere-mimicked porousmedia. We observed reduced bacterial velocity and enhanced directional changes of bacteria as the densityof microspheres increased, while such changes happened mostly around the microspheres and due to thecollisions with the microspheres. More importantly, we established and quantified the correlation betweenthe bacterial trapping in porous media and the geometric confinement imposed by the microspheres. In addition,numerical simulations showed that the active Brownian motion model in the presence of microspheresresulted in bacterial motion that are consistent with the experimental observations. Our study suggested thatit is important to distinguish the ability of bacteria to move easily – bacterial mobility – from the abilityof bacteria to move independently – bacteria motility. Our results showed that bacterial motility remainssimilar in porous media, but bacterial mobility was significantly affected by the pore-scale confinement. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microspheres

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Is a Simulation better than Teleoperation for Acquiring Human Manipulation Skill Data?

Is a Simulation better than Teleoperation for Acquiring Huma...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Donghyeon Kim Seong-Su Park Kwang-Hyun Lee Dongheui Lee Jee-Hwan Ryu Robotics Program Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea Civil and Environmental Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea Applied Science Research Institute Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea Autonomous Systems Technische Universitat Wien (TU Wien) Vienna Austria

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

This study explores the feasibility of using simulations as a better interface to collect human object manipulation skills for learning from demonstrations (LfD). Recently, numerous researchers have started introducing teleoperation systems to acquire human manipulation skills. However, capturing the subtle, force-involved interaction skills of humans in teleoperation is still challenging due to its inherent dynamic delays and feedback transparency. This research evaluates the effectiveness of demonstration data obtained through simulation versus teleoperation. To evaluate the efficacy of this approach, tasks such as plane cutting, tight peg-in-hole, and deformable pipe plugging were performed to assess the quality of demonstrations acquired. The experimental results highlight the effectiveness of demonstration through simulation in capturing the operator’s force-involved interaction skills. Simulation creates an environment similar to performing tasks with bare hands by minimising dynamic delays due to the exclusion of physical robots and effectively rendering high stiffness. As a result, the demonstration through simulation method has proven effective in extracting interaction data and capturing physical task performance skills.

关键词： Hands Dynamics Rendering (computer graphics) Data models Delays Data mining Intelligent robots

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Impacts of Faculty Development on Interdisciplinary Undergraduate Teaching and Learning in the Food-Energy-Water Nexus

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Journal of College science Teaching 2022年第6期51卷 66-74页

作者： Sommers, Amie S. White, Holly Dauer, Jenny M. Forbes, Cory STEM education specialist in the Engineering and Computing Education Core College of Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln United States Ecology and Environmental Sciences program at the University of Maine United States School of Natural Resources at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln United States Department of Curriculum and Instruction Science Education STEM Education Research Collaboratorium and Resource Center College of Education University of Texas Arlington United States

To support undergraduate instruction and learning outcomes (i.e., systems thinking and decision-making in interdisciplinary contexts) grounded in the Food-Energy-Water Nexus (FEWNexus), we implemented a multiyear faculty development program around a new minor. In this article, we build on a previous study to investigate teaching in FEW Nexus minor courses, as well as student outcomes before and after participation in the faculty development program. We analyzed video recordings of courses to identify teaching style and scored pre- and postcourse student assessments of decision-making and systems thinking quantitatively. Post-program teaching was more student centered (50%) than pre-program (37.5%;p = 1.9e^-6). Faculty who taught courses with longer class periods incorporated more active learning than in short class periods (pre: p = 2.2e^-16;post: p = 2.2e^-16). Despite changes in instruction, we did not observe changes in decision-making and systems thinking outcomes. However, results indicate that providing faculty with resources and time can facilitate implementation of best practices and that further support and research are needed to connect these practices with positive outcomes. © 2022 National science Teaching Association.

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Ultra-thin Carbon Biphenylene Network as an Anisotropic Thermoelectric Material with High Temperature Stability Under Mechanical Strain

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sargın, Gözde Özbal Demirci, Salih Gong, Kai Özçelik, V. Ongun Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabanci University Istanbul34956 Turkey Department of Physics Kırıkkale University Kırıkkale71450 Turkey Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rice University TX77005 United States Materials Science and Nano Engineering Program Sabanci University Istanbul34956 Turkey

Carbon biphenylene network (C-BPN), which is an ultra-thin material consisting of carbon atoms arranged in square-hexagonal-octagonal (4-6-8) periodic rings, has intriguing properties for nano-scale device design due to its unique crystal structure. Here, using the Landauer formalism in combination with first-principles calculations, we show that C-BPN is a highly stable thermoelectric material at elevated temperatures under mechanical strain, where its thermoelectric efficiency can be anisotropically engineered. Transport calculations reveal that C-BPN’s transmission spectrum has significant degrees of directional anisotropy and it undergoes a metal-insulator transition under strain, which leads to an increase in its Seebeck coefficient. C-BPN’s lattice thermal conductance can be selectively tuned up to 35% bidirectionally at room temperature by strain engineering. Enhancement in its power factor and the suppression of its lattice thermal conductance improves the p-type figure of merit up to 0.31 and 0.76 at 300 and 1000 K, respectively. Our findings reveal that C-BPN has high potency to be used in thermoelectric nano devices with selective anisotropic properties at elevated temperatures. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Metal insulator transition

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High-Temperature Decomposition of Diisopropyl Methylphosphonate (DIMP) on Alumina: Mechanistic Predictions from Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2022年

作者： Biswas, Sohag Wong, Bryan M. Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering Materials Science & Engineering Program Department of Physics & Astronomy Department of Chemistry University of California-Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States

The enhanced degradation of organophosphorous-based chemical warfare agents (CWAs) on metal-oxide surfaces holds immense promise for neutralization efforts;however, the underlying mechanisms in this process remain poorly understood. We utilize large-scale quantum calculations for the first time to probe the high-temperature degradation of diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP), a nerve agent simulant. Our Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) calculations show that the γ-Al2O3 surface shows immense promise for quickly adsorbing and destroying CWAs. We find that the alumina surface quickly adsorbs DIMP at all temperatures, and subsequent decomposition of DIMP proceeds via a propene elimination. Our BOMD calculations are complemented with metadynamics simulations to produce free energy paths, which show that the activation barrier decreases with temperature and DIMP readily decomposes on γ-Al2O3. Our first-principle BOMD and metadynamics simulations provide crucial diagnostics for sarin decomposition models and mechanistic information for examining CWA decomposition reactions on other candidate metal oxide surfaces. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Free energy

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Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on Chloride Diffusion, Strength, and Microstructure of Ultra-High Performance Lightweight Concrete

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Rafieizonooz, Mahdi Jay Kim, Jang-Ho Kim, Jin-Su Jo, Jae-Bin Khankhaje, Elnaz School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Yonsei University Yonsei-ro 50 Seodaemun-gu Seoul03722 Korea Republic of Architectural Engineering Program School of Architecture Seoul National University of Science and Technology 232 Gongneung-ro Gongneung-dong Nowon-gu Seoul01811 Korea Republic of

The study delved into the integration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in Ultra-High Performance Lightweight Concrete (UHPLC), exploring aspects such as mechanical properties, microstructure analysis, accelerated chloride penetration, and life service prediction. A dispersed CNT solution (0.025 to 0.075 wt%) was employed, along with a superplasticizer, to ensure high flowability in the UHPC slurry. Experimental findings unveiled that an increased concentration of CNT in CNT1 (0.025%) and CNT2 (0.05%) blends led to a marginal improvement in compressive strength compared to the control mix. Conversely, the CNT3 (0.075%) mixture exhibited a reduction in compressive strength with a rising CNT content as an admixture. SEM analysis depicted that the heightened concentration of CNTs as an admixture induced the formation of nanoscale bridges within the concrete matrix. Ponding test results indicated that, for all samples, the effective chloride transport coefficient remained below the standard limitation of 1.00 * E-12 m2/s, signifying acceptable performance in the ponding test for all samples. The life service prediction outcomes affirmed that, across various environmental scenarios, CNT1 and CNT2 mixtures consistently demonstrated superior performance compared to all other mixtures. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes

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Harnessing High-Level Hydrogen Sulfide Stress for Enhanced Biogas Utilization: Adaptive Resilience of a Mixed-Culture System

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhou, Yan Zhang, Baorui Liu, Jianbo Cai, Chen Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University 61 Nanyang Drive 637335 Singapore Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute Nanyang Technological University 1 Cleantech Loop Singapore637141 Singapore CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Department of Environmental Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore639798 Singapore

Biogas, a heterogeneous mixture predominantly composed of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), serves as a substrate for diverse microorganisms, including methanotrophs and microalgae, facilitating carbon sequestration, mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, and generating biomass for multifarious applications. However, the presence of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a common contaminant in biogas, can exert toxic effects on these microorganisms, potentially inhibiting their growth and metabolic processes. This study investigated the effects of H2S on a mixed-culture system utilizing a long-term continuous flow photobioreactor. The results demonstrated that the mixed-culture system could tolerate H2S concentration up to 1000 ppm without significant performance deterioration. Notably, when the mixed-culture system was exposed to a higher H2S concentration (5000 ppm) for an extended period of one month, the CH4 and CO2 utilization rates increased threefold. Furthermore, the primary byproduct, protein, constituted over 50% of the cell dry weight. Comprehensive analysis of the microbial community composition and metabolic pathways revealed adaptive shifts in response to H2S stress. In-depth analysis of functional genes indicated that the system possessed the capacity to adapt and maintain its functionality even under severe H2S stress. This study provides valuable insights into microbial and metabolic mechanisms underlying H2S resistance in a mixed culture, providing an opportunity for the establishment of an H2S-resistant biosystem for practical biogas transformation. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hydrogen sulfide

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Insights into the removal of lithium and molybdenum from groundwater by adsorption onto activated carbon, bentonite, roasted date pits, and modified-roasted date pits

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Bioresource Technology Reports 2022年 18卷

作者： Ahmad, Ayesha Y. Al-Ghouti, Mohammad A. Khraisheh, Majeda Zouari, Nabil Environmental Science Program Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University P.O. Box 2713 Doha Qatar Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering Qatar University P.O. Box 2713 Doha Qatar

This study investigated the removal of lithium (Li) and molybdenum (Mo) from groundwater using activated carbon, bentonite, roasted date pits, and modified-roasted date pits as adsorbents under different experimental parameters including pH, initial concentration, and temperature. Various adsorption isotherm models were used to determine the best-fit model for the obtained experimental data. The negative values of Gibbs energy (ΔG°) indicated a spontaneous and favorable adsorption process of the adsorption at high temperatures. The positive entropy values (ΔS°) that controlled the adsorption process suggested the possibility of some structural changes or readjustments in the adsorbate–adsorbent complex. The adsorption efficiency of Li increases at 35 °C using the four adsorbents. At 35 °C, the maximum adsorption efficiency reached 95% for AC, 94% using MDPs, 63% using bentonite, and 38% using RDPs. The modified-roasted date pits showed the highest adsorption of Mo in all real groundwater samples. The adsorption of Mo increased with the increase in concentrations, and its maximum removal at 25 °C was 80%. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Groundwater

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