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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ghildiyal, Pankaj Wagner, Brandon Chen, Jianjun Nguyen, Tu Belamkar, Aishwarya Guo, Juchen Mangolini, Lorenzo SiLi-ion Inc. Multidisciplinary Research Building 3401 Watkins Dr RiversideCA92507 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States

Silicon anodes offer high energy densities for next-generation lithium-ion batteries;however, their application is limited by severe volume expansion during cycling. Making silicon porous or nanostructured mitigates this expansion but often increases lithium inventory losses due to the inherent high surface area of nanomaterials. This study introduces a simple bottom-up process that overcomes this limitation. The approach relies on small silicon particles (-3), all while maintaining good processability. The resulting silicon-dominant anodes achieve remarkable stability in full pouch cells with NMC811 and LFP cathodes, retaining ~80% capacity for more than 400 cycles without pre-lithiation, graphite blending, or pre-cycling. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Lithium-ion batteries

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Monitoring Fish Diversity: A Case Study Using Remote Underwater Video Surveys in the Aegean Sea

Monitoring Fish Diversity: A Case Study Using Remote Underwa...

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IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for the Sea;Learning to Measure Sea Health Parameters (MetroSea)

作者： Jude Hamilton Nia Stephens Maurice Calton Seal Anastasia Miliou Laura Macrina School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast Belfast Northem Ireland University of Exeter Penryn Campus Penryn United Kingdom Marine Ecology Supervisor Archipelagos Institute of Marine Conservation Samos Greece Archipelagos Institute of Marine Conservation Samos Greece Marine Science Program Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9798350379006

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379013

The Mediterranean Sea hosts a plethora of fish species, occupying a wide variety of ecological niches and environments. These crucial habitats, such as seagrass meadows and rocky reefs, are often at high risk of degradation, primarily due to anthropogenic stressors. While biodiversity in the Mediterranean basin is overall well studied, fish assemblages of the North Aegean islands have received less attention to date. Here, we used remote underwater videos (RUV) to assess the richness and abundance of the fish species populating Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows and rocky reefs around two island in the Aegean Sea, Lipsi and Samos. The results show overlap of niches for most species, while also highlighting the presence of habitat-specific taxa. Six species were found on both islands, in both seagrass and rocky habitats. The presence of three species, namely Diplodus annularis, Labrus viridis, and Sarpa salpa, appeared to be significantly correlated with the habitat type. This study represents a preliminary assessment of fish biodiversity in the Aegean Sea through the use of RUV data. While further data are needed to conclusively evaluate differences between habitat types, this study provides baseline information to establish conservation and management plans.

关键词： Surveys Habitats Sea measurements Metrology Fish Biodiversity environmental management Monitoring Substrates Videos

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Ultrathin-shell epitaxial Ag@Au core-shell nanowires for high-performance and chemically-stable electronic, optical, and mechanical devices

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Nano Research 2021年第11期14卷 4294-4303页

作者： Yangzhi Zhu Sanggon Kim Xuezhi Ma Peter Byrley Ning Yu Qiushi Liu Xiaoming Sun Da Xu Sangshan Peng Martin C.Hartel Shiming Zhang Vadim Jucaud Mehmet R.Dokmeci Ali Khademhosseini Ruoxue Yan Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Bourns College of EngineeringUniversity of California-RiversideRiversideCA92521USA Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation Los AngelesCA90064USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California-RiversideRiversideCA92521USA State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082China Department of Bioengineering University of California-Los AngelesLos AngelesCA90095USA Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Material Science and Engineering Program University of California-RiversideRiversideCA92521USA

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) hold great promise for applications in wearable electronics, flexible solar cells, chemical and biological sensors, photonic/plasmonic circuits, and scanning probe microscopy (SPM) due to their unique plasmonic, mechanical, and electronic properties. However, the lifetime, reliability, and operating conditions of AgNW-based devices are significantly restricted by their poor chemical stability, limiting their commercial potentials. Therefore, it is crucial to create a reliable oxidation barrier on AgNWs that provides long-term chemical stability to various optical, electrical, and mechanical devices while maintaining their high performance. Here we report a room-temperature solution-phase approach to grow an ultra-thin, epitaxial gold coating on AgNWs to effectively shield the Ag surface from environmental oxidation. The Ag@Au core-shell nanowires (Ag@Au NWs) remain stable in air for over six months, under elevated temperature and humidity (80 °C and 100% humidity) for twelve weeks, in physiological buffer solutions for three weeks, and can survive overnight treatment of an oxidative solution (2% H2O2). The Ag@Au core-shell NWs demonstrated comparable performance as pristine AgNWs in various electronic, optical, and mechanical devices, such as transparent mesh electrodes, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, plasmonic waveguides, plasmonic nanofocusing probes, and high-aspect-ratio, high-resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes. These Au@Ag core-shell NWs offer a universal solution towards chemically-stable AgNW-based devices without compromising material property or device performance.

关键词： epitaxial growth core-shell nanowire plasmonic waveguides atomic force microscopy(AFM)probe transparent electrode wearable electronics

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Development of an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor "AstroPix" for all-sky medium-energy gamma-ray telescopes 38

Development of an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor "AstroPix" for...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Suda, Yusuke Caputo, Regina Steinhebel, Amanda L. Fleischhack, Henrike Striebig, Nicolas Jadhav, Manoj Luz, Ricardo Violette, Daniel Kierans, Carolyn Tajima, Hiroyasu Fukazawa, Yasushi Leys, Richard Peric, Ivan Metcalfe, Jessica Negro, Michela Perkins, Jeremy S. Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States Catholic University of America 620 Michigan Ave NE WashingtonDC20064 United States Center for Research and Exploration in Space Science and Technology NASA/GSFC GreenbeltMD20771 United States ASIC and Detector Laboratory Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Argonne National Laboratory LemontIL60440 United States Institute for Space Earth Environmental Research Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for The Origin of Particles and the Universe Nagoya University Japan

All-sky medium-energy gamma-ray observations are essential to deepen our understanding of physics in extreme astronomical objects such as gamma-ray bursts and active galactic nuclei. Those observations are also highly needed to further develop multi-messenger astronomy. Next-generation all-sky MeV gamma-ray telescopes must have a large area detector and keep high sensitivities even in the energies in which Compton scattering is dominant. Having both a silicon tracker (scatterer) and a calorimeter (absorber) as the main detector is a promising configuration for such a space mission. In order to fulfill the requirements such as a large sensitive area, low noise, high energy/positional resolution, and low power, we have been developing an HV-CMOS active pixel sensor, AstroPix. In this contribution, we report performance evaluations of AstroPix such as I-V and noise, energy calibration/resolution/threshold, and depletion depth measurements. Current achievements as a sensor for next-generation all-sky MeV gamma-ray telescopes and future development will be discussed. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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Review of mayflies (Insecta Ephemeroptera) as a bioindicator of heavy metals and microplastics in freshwater

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science of the Total Environment 2025年 958卷 178057页

作者： Benhadji, Nadhira Kurniawan, Setyo Budi Imron, Muhammad Fauzul Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute Falenty Hrabska Avenue 3 Raszyn05-090 Poland Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Selangor UKM Bangi43600 Malaysia Study Program of Environmental Engineering Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology Universitas Airlangga Campus C UNAIR Jalan Mulyorejo Surabaya60115 Indonesia Department of Water Management Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Stevinweg 1 CN Delft2628 Netherlands

Heavy metal and microplastic pollutions are prevalent in freshwater ecosystems, with many freshwater bodies being contaminated by one or both of these pollutants. Recent studies reported extreme detections of Cd, Pb and Zn, high concentrations of Cr, Pb and Cu and microplastics acting as vectors of pollutants, including heavy metals. Mayflies can serve as bioindicators of heavy metal contamination in freshwater ecosystems because changes in their community structure, physiology, and behaviour can reflect and help predict the concentrations of metals in these environments. This review discusses the ecological alterations induced by tissue metal concentration in mayflies and other macroinvertebrates. As sensitive taxa to heavy metal contamination, mayflies can reflect the impacts of this pollution through their ethology and relationship to the substrate, highlighting issues such as eutrophication, alterations in community structure, inhibitory effects and sediment toxicity. Mayflies are also highly affected by microplastic exposure, which leads to ingestion, bioaccumulation, biomagnification, habitat and community alteration, behavioural changes, physiology alteration and toxicity. Mayflies bioindication metrics for assessing the impact of heavy metals and microplastics include the examination of community alteration, functional feeding behaviour, molecular structure, dietary and toxicity impacts, bioaccumulation and biomagnification and biomarkers. Current challenges for the utilization of mayflies as bioindicators include temporal variations in sensitivity, lack of universally recognised protocols and need for standardised protocols for microplastic analysis. Additionally, the applicability of mayflies as bioindicators may vary across different ecosystems, emphasising the need for selecting suitable indicators that align with the unique characteristics of the ecosystem. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Macroinvertebrates

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Solar desalination: A review of recent developments in environmental, regulatory and economic issues

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Solar Compass 2023年 5卷

作者： Goosen, Mattheus Mahmoudi, Hacene Alyousef, Yousef Ghaffour, Noreddine Office of Graduate Studies Research & Innovation Alfaisal University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Faculty of Technology Hassiba Benbouali University of Chlef Algeria Water Desalination & Reuse Center (WDRC) King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia Environmental Science & Engineering Program Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering (BESE) Division King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia

The aim of the current study was to provide a review of recent developments in solar desalination from the viewpoint of environmental, regulatory, and economic aspects. The analysis attempted to give better insight into the larger question of why more solar desalination plants are not being established by reviewing different technologies, drivers, barriers, and markets. Critical barriers which were dependent on the level of regional development were found to be uncertainty of government subsidies and a lack of regulatory policies. A new tool called a Pareto frontier may be utilized to generate optimal points in complex scenarios with a high number of variables. This all-inclusive method should be employed in any major decision-making process. Furthermore, in exciting innovative research studies, a sustainable Janus wood evaporator was developed that overcame many of the current solar desalination problems. While subsidies were crucial in the growth of renewable energy programs, barriers in deployment of solar desalination systems still exist such as low electricity tariff structures and fragmented energy policies. The overall trend was towards integration of renewable energy with conventional sources and energy storage systems. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Drivers and barriers Janus wood evaporator Level of development Markets and policies Pareto frontier Sustainability

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Variation in Oxidative Potential of Fine Particulate Matter and its Association with Chemical Constituents at a Regional Site in India

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Dubey, Shreya Manwani, Pooja Yadav, Suman Phuleria, Harish C. Environmental Science and Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai Powai400076 India Inter-Disciplinary Program in Climate Studies Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai400076 India Koita Centre for Digital Health Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Mumbai Powai400076 India

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) constituents are greatly affected by site-specific emission sources and are one of the main reasons for oxidative stress that leads to cardiovascular ailments. This study investigated the temporal, seasonal, and episodic variations in the oxidative potential (OP) of PM2.5 and its association with chemical components. Additionally, we have also examined the effect of filter substrates on OP. Dithiothreitol (DTT) and ascorbic acid (AA) acellular assays were used to estimate the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PM2.5 samples collected over a year from a regional site in India. PM2.5 morphology and functional groups were also analyzed. Results showed that OPDTT was at the highest in winter (2.56±0.84 nmol min-1 m-3) and at the lowest during monsoon (0.79±0.65 nmol min-1 m-3). OPAA exhibited the highest activity in post-monsoon (0.09±0.04 nmol min-1 m-3) and least in summer (0.05±0.04 nmol min-1 m-3). Biomass burning (BB) and open-field burning of crop residue during the rabi and kharif harvesting seasons were associated with significantly elevated PM2.5 toxicity, which is indicative of the contribution of combustion-derived particles. OPDTT and OPAA levels from BB in post-monsoon were 21% and 67% higher than the levels observed during BB in summer. Flaky irregular agglomerates and porous structures were observed during the BB period. Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy revealed that traffic-emitted organic hydrocarbons C-H and C-O functional groups were dominant across the season. Further, chemical species such as organics (OC and EC fractions) and ions (SO42-, NH4+, Cl-, NO3-) were found to be significantly associated with OP. Among the three filter substrates, the Teflon showed higher OP variability for both assays. This study emphasizes the impact of regional toxic aerosols across seasons and during episodic events. It contributes to our understanding of the toxicity of ambient PM2.5, which is crucial for developing

关键词： Ascorbic acid

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Alternative photothermal/electrothermal hierarchical membrane for hypersaline water treatment

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SusMat 2022年第6期2卷 679-688页

作者： Miao Wang Wen He Yuhui Hua Xinwen Xie Shiyan Chen Lei Zhou Yunmao Zhang Yaqi Hou Shihong Lin Haiping Xia Jing Zheng Xu Hou State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenChina College of Materials Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Research Institute for Biomimetics and Soft Matter Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Soft Functional Materials ResearchJiujiang Research InstituteCollege of Physical Science and TechnologyXiamen UniversityXiamenChina Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials(iChEM) Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA Interdisciplinary Material Science Program Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA Tan Kah Kee Innovation Laboratory Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina Engineering Research Center of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education Department of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamenChina

Over the last decades,the treatment of the large quantities of hypersaline wastewater generated by conventional industries,inland desalination,and fossil-fueled power plants has been an important economic issue and also an inescapable green ***,we developed a versatile interfacial heating membrane with alternating utilization of electricity or solar energy for hypersaline water *** hierarchical membrane functions both as a separation membrane and an interface heater,which can quickly(<0.1 s)convert electricity or solar energy into heat to evaporate the outermost layer of hypersaline *** 10wt% hyper-saline water,the freshwater production rate can reach 16.8kg/m^(2)⋅h by applying a voltage of 10 V and 1.36 kg/m^(2)⋅h under 1-sun ***,it exhibits high electrochemical resistance to corrosion and therefore remains stable tack-ling hypersaline water(>5 wt%),with a high salt rejection rate of 99.99%.This system shows an efficient desalination strategy that can provide fresh water from brines for agriculture and industry,and even for daily life.

关键词： carbon nanotubes electrothermal hypersaline water treatment interface evaporate pho-tothermal

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Erosion and Distribution of Total Suspended Sediment (TSS) Using Landsat-8 in Krueng Pase Watershed 1

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2nd International Conference of Construction, Infrastructure, and Materials, ICCIM 2021

作者： Ramli, Ichwana Achmad, Ashfa Basri, Hairul Izzaty, Atika Agricultural Engineering Department Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Architecture and Planning Department Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Geomatics Engineering Department Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya60111 Indonesia Research Center for Environmental and Natural Resources Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Environmental Master’s Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9789811679490

ISBN: (纸本)9789811679483

Damage and loss of land resources due to improper land management tend to increase erosion. It will affect the production, ecological, and hydrological functions in the upstream watershed area. However, sedimentation that occurs due to erosion often affects the practical life of the dams. The purpose of this research is to estimate erosion and the distribution of Total Suspended Sediments (TSS) geospatially from Landsat-8 imagery data in 2015 and 2019 for Krueng Pase Watershed. The considerable erosion that occurred in 2014 was 117,987.71 tons. While the erosion that occurred in January 2015 was 18,624.45 tons, and the erosion in August 2019 was 6,672.06 tons. The results of the TSS distribution using algorithms in 2015 obtained the largest total suspended sediment with a value >17.15 mg/l found on the coastal, riverbanks and the smallest TSS with a value of ≤12.73 mg/l found on the upstream area. The TSS were found on the coastal with a value of >16.05 mg/l, and the smallest TSS >12.92 mg/l found on the upstream area in 2019. Information on the distribution of total sediment is a consideration in the application of the eco-hydrology concept as a short-term solution in water management. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Landsat

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Air stripping pre-treatment process to enhance biogas production in anaerobic digestion of chicken manure wastewater

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Bioresource Technology Reports 2021年 14卷

作者： Fakkaew, Krailak Polprasert, Chongrak Environmental Health Program School of Health Science Mae Fah Luang University Thailand Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Thammasat University Thailand

Anaerobic digestion is typically applied for water and air pollution control and energy recovery from chicken manure wastewater. Unfortunately, high nitrogen content of the chicken manure could be prohibitive to efficient anaerobic digestion. In this study, air stripping was employed as a pre-treatment process for ammonia removal from a chicken manure wastewater. Laboratory-scale experiments of air striping were conducted at various temperatures, initial pH values, air flow rates, and stripping times. The experimental results showed that the high ammonia removal efficiencies of more than 80% could be achieved from the air stripping process operating at the initial pH, temperature, and air flow rate of 11, 80 °C, and 4.0 L/min, respectively. The ammonia removal kinetics were found to fit with the first-order reaction. Bio-methane potential tests suggested that air stripping pre-treatment of the chicken manure wastewater resulted in about 25% increase in biogas production. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Ammonia

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