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Heat-activated peroxydisulfate and peroxymonosulfate-mediated degradation of benzotriazole: Effects of chloride on kinetics, pathways and transformation product toxicity

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Chemical engineering Journal Advances 2023年 14卷

作者： Saha, Pradip Zhou, Chenyu Moradi, Mahsa Rijnaarts, Huub H.M. Bruning, Harry Department of Environmental Technology Wageningen University and Research PO Box 17 AA Wageningen 6700 Netherlands Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh Department of Environmental Health Engineering School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

The impact of chloride (Cl⁻) in heat-activated peroxydisulfate (PDS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) processes for benzotriazole (BTA) degradation was investigated. Results showed that 0.42 mM BTA could be degraded by PDS and PMS under 70 °C in presence and absence of Cl⁻. The PMS-mediated BTA degradation rate increased with increasing Cl⁻ concentration up to 1000 mg/L, while a further increase of Cl⁻ concentration decreased the BTA degradation rate. In contrast, Cl⁻ inhibited PDS-mediated BTA degradation at concentrations tested between 100 and 10,000 mg/L. Radical scavenging experiments indicated that BTA degradation was mainly driven by hydroxyl and sulfate radicals in PDS and PMS systems without Cl⁻. However, reactive chlorine species (RCS) significantly boosted the PMS system for BTA degradation in presence of Cl⁻. Variation in pH substantially influenced the PMS system, but not the PDS system, whether in presence and absence of Cl⁻. By LC-MS/MS analysis, forty-two transformation products (TPs) were identified resulting from BTA degradation. Based on the TPs, polymerization, hydroxylation, benzene ring-opening, and carboxylic acid formation were hypothesized to be the main degradation mechanisms in absence of Cl⁻, whereas chlorination, triazole ring-opening, and nitration were the additional degradation steps in presence of Cl⁻. These findings help understand the influence of Cl⁻ on BTA removal rate and degradation pathway in saline wastewater. Moreover, more chlorinated TPs were found in PMS/Cl⁻ system than in PDS/Cl⁻ system, which was also reflected in absorbable organic halides (AOX) and end-product toxicity analyses. The PMS/Cl⁻ process also produced other undesirable by-products, such as chlorates which were not detected in the PDS/Cl⁻ process. This shows that PDS and PMS-based advanced oxidation processes can notably differ in terms of toxic by-product formation. Thus, they need to be critically evaluated before applying for organic pollutant degradation unde

关键词： Benzotriazole Chloride Chlorinated by-products Heat-activated peroxydisulfate/peroxymonosulfate Toxicity

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Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage and Heat Dissipation

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Jiang, Zhuoni Liu, Xu He, Fangfang Li, Yongsheng Li, Xiaoan Chen, Zhengguo He, Ren Yang, Wenbin Wang, Peng He, Guansong State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials School of Materials and Chemistry Southwest University of Science and Technology Sichuan621010 China Sichuan621019 China Institute of Chemical Material China Academy of Engineering Physics Sichuan621900 China Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

Shape-stabilized phase change material (SSPCM) are widely used as energy storage materials due to its advantages of easy preparation and adjustable scale. But the thermal conductivity enhancement of SSPCM still need to be further studied to improve the energy storage efficiency. In this work, silicone rubber (SR)/paraffin@SiO2 (Pn@SiO2)/graphene nanoplates (GNPs) shape-stabilized phase change materials (SPG) with different GNPs content were prepared. Pn@SiO2 and GNPs can be homogeneously dispersed in the SR matrix due to the enhanced interfacial compatibility between Pn@SiO2 and SR. The leakage rate of SPG composites was as low as 0.25% due to the protection of SiO2 shell, SR matrix and GNPs. The SPG composites had excellent thermal storage properties, with the enthalpy about 50 J·g-1. The thermal conductivity of SPG composites was improved with the content of GNPs, the thermal conductivity of SPG reach 0.989 W·m-1·K-1 at a GNPs content of 10 phr. The low hardness of SPG composites above the phase change temperature can provide a more cohesive surface when applied to heat dissipation. The heat dissipation of the SPG composites in electric devices was simulated and demonstrated that the addition of GNPs made the heat dissipation rate of the SPG composites increased significantly. Therefore, the SPG composites can be applied in thermal energy storage and heat dissipation of electronic devices. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermal conductivity

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Pyrolytic conversion of human hair to fuel: performance evaluation and kinetic modelling

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environmental science and Pollution Research 2023年第60期30卷 125104-125116页

作者： Krishnakumar, Prabhakaran Sundaramurthy, Suresh Baredar, Prashant Suresh, Arisutha Khan, Moonis Ali Sharma, Gaurav Zahmatkesh, Sasan Amesho, Kassian T. T. Sillanpää, Mika Department of Energy Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Madhya Pradesh Bhopal462 003 India Department of Chemical Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Madhya Pradesh Bhopal462 003 India M/S Eco-Science & Technology Madhya Pradesh Bhopal462003 India Chemistry Department College of Science King Saud University Riyadh11541 Saudi Arabia Shoolini University Himachal Pradesh Solan173212 India College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials Nanshan District Key Lab. for Biopolymers and Safety Evaluation Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China School of Science and Technology Global University Saharanpur India Department of Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran P.O. Box Behshahr48518-78195 Iran Tecnologico de Monterrey Escuela de Ingenieríay Ciencias Puebla Mexico Institute of Environmental Engineering National Sun Yat-Sen University Kaohsiung804 Taiwan The International University of Management Centre for Environmental Studies Main Campus Dorado Park Ext 1 Windhoek Namibia Destinies Biomass Energy and Farming Pty Ltd P.O.Box 7387 Namibia Swakomund South Africa Faculty of Science and Technology School of Applied Physics University Kebangsaan Malaysia Selangor Bangi43600 Malaysia Shoolini University Himachal Pradesh Solan173212 India Department of Chemical Engineering School of Mining Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering University of Johannesburg P. O. Box 17011 Doornfontein2028 South Africa Zhejiang Rongsheng Environmental Protection Paper Co. LTD NO.588 East Zhennan Road Pinghu Economic Development Zone Zhejiang314213 China

There are several environmental and human health impacts if human hair waste is not adequately disposed of. In this study, pyrolysis of discarded human hair was carried out. This research focused on the pyrolysis of discarded human hair under controlled environmental conditions. The effects of the mass of discarded human hair and temperature on bio-oil yield were studied. The proximate and ultimate analyses and calorific values of disposed of human hair, bio-oil, and biochar were determined. Further, chemical compounds of bio-oil were analyzed using a gas chromatograph and a mass spectrometer. Finally, the kinetic modeling and behavior of the pyrolysis process were characterized through FT-IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. Based on the optimized mass of disposed of human hair, 250 g had a better bio-oil yield of 97% in the temperature range of 210–300 °C. The different parameters of bio-oil were: pH (2.87), specific gravity (1.17), moisture content (19%), heating value (19.34 MJ/kg), and viscosity (50 CP). C (56.4%), H (6.1%), N (0.16%), S (0.01%), O (38.4%), and Ash (0.1%) were discovered to be the elemental chemical composition of bio-oil (on a dry basis). During breakdown, the release of different compounds like hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, acids, and alcohols takes place. According to the GC–MS results, several amino acids were discovered in the bio-oil, 12 abundant in the discarded human hair. The FTIR and thermal analysis found different concluding temperatures and wave numbers for functional groups. Two main stages are partially separated at about 305 °C, with maximum degradation rates at about 293 oC and 400–4140 °C, respectively. The mass loss was 30% at 293 0C and 82% at temperatures above 293 0C. When the temperature reached 4100C, the entire bio-oil from discarded human hair was distilled or thermally decomposed. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Activation energy

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Machine Learning for Analyzing Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Images Generated from polymer Blends

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Paruchuri, Aanish Wang, Yunfei Gu, Xiaodan Jayaraman, Arthi Master of Science in Data Science Program University of Delaware NewarkDE19713 United States School of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Southern Mississippi 118 College Drive #5050 HattiesburgMS39406 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Delaware 150 Academy St NewarkDE19713 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19713 United States Data Science Institute University of Delaware NewarkDE19713 United States

In this paper we present a new machine learning (ML) workflow with unsupervised learning techniques to identify domains within atomic force microscopy (AFM) images obtained from polymer films. The goal of the workflow is to identify the spatial location of the two types of polymer domains with little to no manual intervention (Task 1) and calculate the domain size distributions which in turn can help qualify the phase separated state of the material as macrophase or microphase ordered/disordered domains (Task 2). We briefly review existing approaches used in other fields - computer vision and signal processing - that can be applicable for the above tasks that happen frequently in the field of polymer science and engineering. We then test these approaches from computer vision and signal processing on the AFM image dataset to identify the strengths and limitations of each of these approaches for our first task. For our first domain segmentation task, we found that the workflow using discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or discrete cosine transform (DCT) with variance statistics as the feature works the best. The popular ResNet50 deep learning approach from computer vision field exhibited relatively poorer performance in the domain segmentation task for our AFM images as compared to the DFT and DCT based workflows. For the second task, for each of 144 input AFM images, we then used an existing porespy python package to calculate the domain size distribution from the output of that image from DFT-based workflow. The information and open-source codes we share in this paper can serve as a guide for researchers in the polymer and soft materials fields who need ML modeling and workflows for automated analyses of AFM images from polymer samples that may have crystalline/amorphous domains, sharp/rough interfaces between domains, or micro or macro- phase separated domains. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Unsupervised learning

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Trace element removal from wastewater by agricultural biowastes: A data analysis on removal efficacy and optimized conditions

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science of the Total Environment 2025年 975卷 179235页

作者： Shahid, Muhammad Khalid, Sana ALOthman, Zeid A. Al-Kahtani, Abdullah A. Bibi, Irshad Naz, Rabia Natasha, Natasha Niazi, Nabeel Khan Iqbal, Jibran Han, Changseok Shah, Noor S. Murtaza, Behzad Department of Environmental Sciences COMSATS University Islamabad Vehari Campus Vehari61100 Pakistan Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia School of Geography Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Melbourne MelbourneVIC3053 Australia Department of Biosciences COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad Campus Islamabad44000 Pakistan Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Agriculture Faisalabad Faisalabad38040 Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences and Sustainability College of Natural and Health Sciences Zayed University Abu Dhabi144534 United Arab Emirates Department of Environmental Engineering INHA University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Program in Environmental & Polymer Engineering INHA University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Department of Chemistry COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus Abbottabad22060 Pakistan

Valorization of agricultural biowastes to biosorbents provides an excellent opportunity to recycle these wastes into valuable products and filtration of contaminants, especially potentially toxic trace elements in aquatic ecosystems. Water contamination with potentially toxic trace elements is a widespread global issue. Various agricultural biosorbents have been tested to remove trace elements from wastewater. Despite abundant research, there are scarce studies regarding the critical data analysis on trace elements removal efficiency by agricultural biowastes under various conditions. This review critically delineates the data analysis of recent literature published from 2018 to 2024 for a critical comparison of different agricultural biosorbents and the applied conditions to remove trace elements from aqueous media. Data analysis (based on 1188 observations) revealed that the mean trace element removal by agricultural biowaste-derived biosorbents from contaminated water was 75 %, ranging from 2 to 100 %. The most frequently reported removal efficiencies of agricultural biosorbents were 90–100 %. Notably, few agricultural biosorbents such as banana peel demonstrated the highest removal efficiency of 97 %, followed by cassava peels at 92 %, emphasizing the significance of recycling these materials for sustainable trace element removal from wastewater. Data analysis revealed that the trend for trace element removal from wastewater follows a descending order, with zinc exhibiting the highest removal rate at 81 %, followed closely by lead at 80 %. This trend continues with arsenic at 75 %, nickel and cadmium both at 70 %, and so forth. Thus, agricultural biosorbents play a pivotal role in this process, showcasing their potential in waste valorization and environmental remediation. Hence, the present review article is expected to contribute towards the comparative efficiency of various agricultural biosorbents, and the selection of the best biosorbents, depending on appl

关键词： Biowaste Metal removal and recovery Reusing and recycling Sustainable technology

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Correction: Removal of acid red dye 1 from textile wastewater by heterogenous photocatalytic ozonation employing titanium dioxide and iron zeolite

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Discover Chemical engineering 2024年第1期4卷 1-2页

作者： Raashid, Muhammad Kazmi, Mohsin Ikhlaq, Amir Sulaiman, Muhammad Akram, Adeela Afaf, Aliha Shafaqat, Sidra Masood, Zafar Zafar, Abdul Mannan Al-Farraj, Saleh Sillanpää, Mika Department of Chemical Polymer and Composite Materials Engineering University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Punjab Pakistan Institute of Environmental Engineering and Research University of Engineering and Technology Lahore Pakistan Biotechnology Research Center Technology Innovation Institute Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Department of Zoology College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Functional Materials Group Gulf University for Science and Technology Mubarak Al-Abdullah Kuwait School of Technology Woxsen University Hyderabad India Centre of Research Impact and Outcome Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Rajpura India

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Optimization of Contact Pad Design for Silver Nanowire-Based Transparent Heater to Improve Heating Characteristics

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chu, Seo Bum Ma, Yoohan Jo, Sungjin Hyun, Dong Choon Kim, Jongbok Ko, Dongwook Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kumoh National Institute of Technology Gumi39177 Korea Republic of Department of Energy Engineering Convergence Kumoh National Institute of Technology Gumi39177 Korea Republic of School of Architectural Civil Environmental and Energy Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu41566 Korea Republic of Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu41566 Korea Republic of Advanced Materials Research Center Kumoh National Institute of Technology Gyeongbuk Gumi39177 Korea Republic of

Transparent heaters are receiving significant attention for applications such as antifog glass, smart windows, and smart farm greenhouses. A transparent heater basically consists of transparent conducting materials that serve as heating area and contact pad electrode to apply power. To fabricate a transparent heater, transparent conducting materials with excellent light transmittance and low sheet resistance are generally required. Among various transparent conducting materials such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO), carbon nanotube (CNT), graphene, and silver nanowires (AgNWs), AgNWs are considered transparent electrodes due to their good electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. However, in order to improve the heating characteristics of transparent heaters, research is essential not only on improving properties of transparent conducting materials but also on design of contact pad electrode that can evenly improve current distribution. In this study, we investigate various shape of contact pad electrode for AgNW-based transparent heater to improve current distribution. Shapes such as line, spot, twisted, and parallel type contact pad electrodes are designed and investigated to optimize overall heating characteristics. We analyze the heating properties of these transparent heaters with various contact pad electrodes, demonstrating how their specific shape and size affect heating characteristics and uniformity. We also investigate the optimal shape of the contact pad electrode to minimize transmission loss through UV-VIS spectroscopy. As a result, we confirm that shape of contact pad electrode was important for simultaneously achieving high heating characteristics of 120°C, good heating uniformity, and over 80% transparency in AgNW-based transparent heater. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanowires

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Constructing“π–π”Reinforced Bridge Carbon Nanofibers with Highly Active Co‑N/C@pyridine N/C@CNTs Sites as Free‑Standing Bifunctional Oxygen Electrodes for Zn–Air Batteries

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Advanced Fiber Materials 2024年第4期6卷 1108-1121页

作者： Tuo Lu Nengneng Xu Liyuan Guo Benji Zhou Lingyu Dai Woochul Yang Guicheng Liu Joong Kee Lee Jinli Qiao State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials and College of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People’s Republic of China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092People’s Republic of China Department of Physics Dongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206People’s Republic of China Energy Storage Research Center and Clean Energy Institute Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 02792Republic of Korea

Rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZABs)have received extensive attention,while their real applications are highly restricted by the slow kinetics of the oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions(ORR/OER).Herein,we report a“bridge”structured flexible self-supporting bifunctional oxygen electrode(CNT@Co-CNFF50-900)with strong active and stable Co-N/C@pyridine N/C@CNTs reaction *** from the electron distribution optimization and the advantages of hierarchical catalytic design,the CNT@Co-CNF_(F50-900)electrode had superior ORR/OER activity with a small potential gap(ΔE)of 0.74 *** by highly graphitized carbon and the“π-π”bond,the free-standing CNT@Co-CNFF50-900 electrode exhibited outstanding catalytic stability with only 36 mV ***,the CNT@Co-CNFF50-900-based liquid ZAB showed a high power density of 371 mW cm^(−2),a high energy density of 894 Wh kg^(−1),and a long cycling life of over 130 *** assembled quasi-solid-state ZAB also demonstrated a high power density,attaining 81 mW cm^(−2),with excellent charge-discharge durability beyond 100 h and extremely high flexibility under the multi-angle *** study provides an effective electrospinning solution for integrating high-efficiency electrocatalysts and electrodes for energy storage and conversion devices.

关键词： Electrospinning MOF-derived carbon tube Bifunctional oxygen catalytic electrode “Bridge”structure Zn–air battery

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Feasibility evaluation of near dissolved organic matter microfiltration (NDOM MF) for the efficient removal of microplastics in the water treatment process

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Chemosphere 2024年 356卷 141882页

作者： Lee, Uje Park, Kyeongyeon Chang, Seungwon Cho, Min Lee, Jaewoo Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering Jeonbuk National University 567 Baekje-daero Deokjin-gu Jeonju54896 Korea Republic of Division of Biotechnology SELS Center College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences Jeonbuk National University Iksan54596 Korea Republic of Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology Department of JBNU-KIST Industry-Academia Convergence Research Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center Jeonbuk National University 567 Baekje-daero Deokjin-gu Jeonju54896 Korea Republic of

Microfiltration (MF) using membranes with a mean pore size smaller than 0.45 μm has generally been used for particle removal from water, given that materials larger and smaller than 0.45 μm are regarded as particulates and dissolved organic matter (DOM), respectively. It is also the case for removing small-size microplastics (MPs). However, given their sizes (ca. 1 μm), there is room for further improvement of the productivity (i.e., water flux) in the pore size range of 0.45–1 μm on the condition that the removal rate is maintained. With this in mind, MF's water flux and removal rate were tested using seven different MF membranes, and the right pore, with the size of 0.8 μm, was found for MP removal, which is called near DOM (NDOM) MF. In the filtration test using polystyrene surrogate beads with an average particle diameter of 1.20 μm, NDOM MF exhibited a 1.7 to 13 times higher permeate flux than the conventional MF using 0.1, 0.2, and 0.45 μm membranes while maintaining a higher removal rate than 2 log. The excellent removal rate of the NDOM MF was attributable to the following three factors: (1) smaller mean pore size than the average particle diameter, (2) particle screening effect enhanced by the secondary layer formed by surface deposition, and (3) 3D mesh sublayer structure favorable for capturing penetrated particles. Furthermore, the outstanding filtration performance also appeared in a low-temperature ( © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Microfiltration

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Tailoring Ion Dynamics in Energy Storage Conductors for Ultra-Stable, High-Performance Solid-State Microsupercapacitor Array

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Park, Gaeun Lee, Dawoon Kim, Youngoh Choi, Joonmyung Choi, U. Hyeok Kim, Jaekyun Department of Photonics and Nanoelectronics Hanyang University Ansan15588 Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Hanyang University Seoul04763 Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanyang University Ansan15588 Korea Republic of Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center Hanyang University Ansan15588 Korea Republic of

All-solid-state electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices with prolonged lifetime, operational stability, and mechanical flexibility can be a promising route to powering up wearable electronics. However, conventional EES devices have been often hindered by a gradual decrease in energy capacity due to low ionic conducting electrolytes, non-suitable electrode materials, or poor electrode/electrolyte interfaces. Herein, we propose a harmonization of the molecular-level tailoring of ionic gel polymer electrolyte (IGPE) and graphene-based electrodes, significantly improving and sustaining the electrochemical performance (11.9 μWh cm-2) of EES microsupercapacitor (MSC) devices. Our optimized MSC device based on ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (EMIM-FSI) and interdigitated reduced-graphene oxide (rGO) electrode array maintains 99% of the initial electrochemical capacity even after 20,000 cycles, also demonstrating the excellent mechanical flexibility (bending radius up to 4 mm) and environmental stability (>30 days) of the MSC-based array. Molecular-level simulation and spectroscopic atomic analysis revealed noticeably lower residual ionic liquid (IL) molecules of EMIM-FSI, compared to EMIM-trifluoromethyl FSI, between the graphene-based layers of electrodes during the charge/discharge cycles. Therefore, our optimization strategy and finding will pave the way to accomplishing next-generation of all-solid-state EES devices with ultra-high operational stability, powering wearable electronics. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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