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Livelihood vulnerability of indigenous people to climate change around the Kerinci Seblat National Park in Bengkulu,Indonesia

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第4期5卷 102-119页

作者： Septri WIDIONO Ekawati Sri WAHYUNI Lala M.KOLOPAKING Arif SATRIA Department of Agricultural Socio-economic Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of BengkuluBengkulu38371Indonesia Rural Sociology Study Program Faculty of Human EcologyInstitut Pertanian BogorBogor16680Indonesia Department of Communication and Community Development Sciences Faculty of Human EcologyIPB UniversityBogor16680Indonesia

Indigenous people around the Kerinci Seblat National Park(KSNP),Indonesia,have a high dependence on forest resources as their main source of *** study addressed the vulnerability of Rejang indigenous people around the KSNP to climate *** popular livelihood vulnerability index(LVI)model was adapted by adding and modifying subcomponents suitable for the study *** data were collected through household surveys in two communities:Embong and *** total,146 samples were selected for this study using stratified random *** results showed that Embong was more vulnerable to climate change than *** exhibited a higher level of vulnerability to the effects of socio-demographic profile,social network,health,and natural disasters and climate variability,whereas Topos was more vulnerable to livelihood strategy,food,and ***,Embong was more exposed to natural disasters and climate variability than Topos,but it demonstrated higher adaptive capacity and lower sensitivity than ***,socio-demographic profile influenced adaptive capacity in both *** was influenced most by health in Embong,and sensitivity was influenced most by food in *** the vulnerability levels were not high in the two communities,several subcomponents must be specifically ***,this study can help the government make informed decisions to enhance adaptive capacity of the KSNP to climate change.

关键词： Livelihood vulnerability index(LVI) Livelihood diversity index Climate change Adaptive capacity Sensitivity Kerinci Seblat National Park(KSNP)

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Otoacoustic Emissions in Normal-Cycling Females

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Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 2022年第7期10卷 400-408页

作者： M. Wende Yellin Robert D. Stillman Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology Northern Arizona University Flagstaff Arizona Program in Human Development and Communication Sciences The University of Texas at Dallas Dallas Texas

The purpose of this study was to determine if the menstrual cycle influences the amplitude of transient (TEOAEs) and distortion-product (DPOAEs) otoacoustic emissions. Thirteen normal-hearing, normal-cycling females were monitored weekly for 12 weeks. TEOAE and DPOAE amplitudes were analyzed to determine if amplitude changes could be detected and correlated to phases of the menstrual cycle. No systematic amplitude changes were observed, demonstrating that evoked OAEs are unaffected by physiologic changes associated with the menstrual cycle.

关键词： menstrual cycle otoacoustic emissions

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Toward a More Ecologically Valid Measure of Speech Understanding in Background Noise

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Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 2022年第5期11卷 273-282页

作者： James Jerger Ralf Greenwald Ilse Wambacq Amanda Seipel Deborah Moncrieff School of Human Development Program in Cognitive and Neurosciences and the Callier Center for Communicative Disorders The University of Texas at Dallas Richardson Texas Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Florida

In an attempt to develop a more ecologically valid measure of speech understanding in a background of competing speech, we constructed a quasidichotic procedure based on the monitoring of continuous speech from loudspeakers placed directly to the listener's right and left sides. The listener responded to the presence of incongruous or anomalous words imbedded within the context of two children's fairy tales. Attention was directed either to the right or to the left side in blocks of 25 utterances. Within each block, there were target (anomalous) and nontarget (nonanomalous) words. Responses to target words were analyzed separately for attend-right and attend-left conditions. Our purpose was twofold: (1) to evaluate the feasibility of such an approach for obtaining electrophysiologic performance measures in the sound field and (2) to gather normative interaural symmetry data for the new technique in young adults with normal hearing. Event-related potentials to target and nontarget words at 30 electrode sites were obtained in 20 right-handed young adults with normal hearing. Waveforms and associated topographic maps were characterized by a slight negativity in the region of 400 msec (N

关键词： Dichotic event related potential speech competition

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Performance Monitoring and Cognitive Inhibition during a Speech-in-Noise Task in Older Listeners

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Seminars in Hearing 2023年第2期44卷 124-139页

作者： Ryan, David B. Eckert, Mark A. Sellers, Eric W. Schairer, Kim S. McBee, Matthew T. Ridley, Elizabeth A. Smith, Sherri L. Hearing and Balance Research Program James H. Quillen VA Medical Center Mountain Home TN United States Department of Psychology East Tennessee State University Johnson City TN United States Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC United States Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Hearing Research Program Medical University of South Carolina Charleston NC United States Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology East Tennessee State University Johnson City TN United States Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development Duke University Durham NC United States Department of Population Health Sciences Duke University School of Medicine Durham NC United States Audiology and Speech Pathology Service Durham Veterans Affairs Healthcare System Durham NC United States

The goal of this study was to examine the effect of hearing loss on theta and alpha electroencephalography (EEG) frequency power measures of performance monitoring and cognitive inhibition, respectively, during a speech-in-noise task. It was hypothesized that hearing loss would be associated with an increase in the peak power of theta and alpha frequencies toward easier conditions compared to normal hearing adults. The shift would reflect how hearing loss modulates the recruitment of listening effort to easier listening conditions. Nine older adults with normal hearing (ONH) and 10 older adults with hearing loss (OHL) participated in this study. EEG data were collected from all participants while they completed the words-in-noise task. It hypothesized that hearing loss would also have an effect on theta and alpha power. The ONH group showed an inverted U -shape effect of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), but there were limited effects of SNR on theta or alpha power in the OHL group. The results of the ONH group support the growing body of literature showing effects of listening conditions on alpha and theta power. The null results of listening condition in the OHL group add to a smaller body of literature, suggesting that listening effort research conditions should have near ceiling performance. © 2023 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.. All rights reserved.

关键词： alpha power EEG effortful listening theta power word recognition

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Collective Action in Lake Management (CALM): an Indonesian stocktake

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 2021年第1期789卷

作者： A Y Abdurrahim F Farida R R Sari M van Noordwijk H Yogaswarai S Adiwibowo A H Dharmawan Research Center for Population Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Jakarta 12710 Indonesia. ORCID: https://***/0000-0003-0213-0135. Rural Sociology Study Program Graduate Program IPB University Bogor 16680 Indonesia. Applied Climatology Study Program Graduate Program IPB University Bogor 16680 Indonesia. Plant Production Systems Wageningen University and Research 6700 AK Wageningen The Netherlands. Tropical Agroforestry Research Group Soil Science Department Faculty of Agriculture Brawijaya University Jl. Veteran no 1 Malang 65145 Indonesia World Agroforestry (ICRAF) 16155 Bogor Indonesia. Department of Communication and Community Development Sciences Faculty of Human Ecology IPB University Bogor 16680 Indonesia.

More than 500 lakes in Indonesia have been recognized as important parts of local economies and, at least in some cases, identity, but there is little literature on resource management and collective action. By reviewing literature and using a 'serious game', this paper aims to (1) review some of the currently used generic frameworks for understanding collective action in natural resource management, (2) recount some experiences in supporting collective action in Lake Singkarak, Sumatra and (3) describe early steps in using 'serious games' developed elsewhere to increase stakeholder understanding of how upstream land management affects lake quality and functions. Some important findings are that collective action is an important key to sustainable natural resources management and the lake as a complex social-ecological system also requires collective action of multi-stakeholders from upstream to downstream. We recommend the use of DPSIR and Javanese 'gunungan' frameworks together with 'serious game' to identify socio-ecological problems and build multi-stakeholder collective action. Based on our initial research experience in Lake Singkarak, this combination of methods has succeeded in finding various problems, especially different types of knowledge, ways of knowing, and learning styles from multi-stakeholders. These problems are then used as a basis for finding and forming a common understanding which is then transformed into collective action in lake management.

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Public opinion about solar radiation management: A cross-cultural study in 20 countries around the world

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Climatic Change 2024年第4期177卷 65页

作者： Contzen, Nadja Perlaviciute, Goda Steg, Linda Reckels, Sophie Charlotte Alves, Susana Bidwell, David Böhm, Gisela Bonaiuto, Marino Chou, Li-Fang Corral-Verdugo, Victor Dessi, Federica Dietz, Thomas Doran, Rouven Eulálio, Maria do Carmo Fielding, Kelly Gómez-Román, Cristina Granskaya, Juliana V. Gurikova, Tatyana Hernández, Bernardo Kabakova, Maira P. Lee, Chieh-Yu Li, Fan Lima, Maria Luísa Liu, Lu Luís, Sílvia Muinos, Gabriel Ogunbode, Charles A. Ortiz, María Victoria Pidgeon, Nick Pitt, Maria Argüello Rahimi, Leila Revokatova, Anastasia Reyna, Cecilia Schuitema, Geertje Shwom, Rachael Yalcinkaya, Nur Soylu Spence, Elspeth Sütterlin, Bernadette Environmental Health Psychology Group Department of Environmental Social Sciences Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology Überlandstrasse 133 Dübendorf8600 Switzerland Environmental Psychology Group Department of Psychology Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences University of Groningen Grote Kruisstraat 2/1 Groningen9712TS Netherlands Department of Psychology of Development and Socialisation Processes Sapienza University of Rome Via dei Marsi 78 Rome00185 Italy Department of Marine Affairs University of Rhode Island 1 Greenhouse Road KingstonRI02852 United States Department of Psychosocial Science University of Bergen Christiesgate 12 BergenN‑5015 Norway Department of Psychology Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences Lillehammer Norway CIRPA Interuniversity Centre for Research in Environmental Psychology Sapienza University of Rome Via dei Marsi 78 Rome00185 Italy Department of Psychology National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City701 Taiwan Environmental Psychology Group Department of Psychology Social Sciences Division University of Sonora Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales S/N Hermosillo Sonora83000 Mexico Environmental Science and Policy Program and Sociology Michigan State University 509 East Circle Drive East LansingMI48864 United States Group of Studies and Research in Aging and Health Department of Psychology State University of Paraíba Rua Baraúnas 351 Campina Grande Paraíba Brazil School of Communication and Arts University of Queensland St Lucia Campus BrisbaneQLD4072 Australia CRETUS institute Department of Social Psychology Basic and Methodology Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Campus Vida Calle Xosé María Suárez Núñez s/n A Coruña Santiago de Compostela15782 Spain Department of Psychology St. Petersburg State University Universitetskaya emb. 7/9 St.Petersburg199034 Russia Center for Sociological and Internet Research St. Petersburg State University Universitets

Some argue that complementing climate change mitigation measures with solar radiation management (SRM) might prove a last resort to limit global warming to 1.5 °C. To make a socially responsible decision on whether to use SRM, it is important to consider also public opinion, across the globe and particularly in the Global South, which would face the greatest risks from both global warming and SRM. However, most research on public opinion about SRM stems from the Global North. We report findings from the first large-scale, cross-cultural study on the public opinion about SRM among the general public (N = 2,248) and students (N = 4,583) in 20 countries covering all inhabited continents, including five countries from the Global South and five ‘non-WEIRD’ (i.e. not Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, and Democratic) countries from the Global North. As public awareness of SRM is usually low, we provided participants with information on SRM, including key arguments in favour of and against SRM that appear in the scientific debate. On average, acceptability of SRM was significantly higher in the Global South than in the ‘non-WEIRD’ Global North, while acceptability in the ‘WEIRD’ Global North was in between. However, we found substantial variation within these clusters, especially in the ‘non-WEIRD’ Global North, suggesting that countries do not form homogenous clusters and should thus be considered individually. Moreover, the average participants’ views, while generally neither strong nor polarised, differed from some expert views in important ways, including that participants perceived SRM as only slightly effective in limiting global warming. Still, our data suggests overall a conditional, reluctant acceptance. That is, while on average, people think SRM would have mostly negative consequences, they may still be willing to tolerate it as a potential last resort to fight global warming, particularly if they think SRM has only minor negative (or even positive) impact

关键词： Solar radiation

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Hearing loss prevalence and years lived with disability, 1990-2019: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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The Lancet 2021年第10278期397卷 996-1009页

作者： Haile, Lydia M. Kamenov, Kaloyan Briant, Paul Svitil Orji, Aislyn U. Steinmetz, Jaimie D. Abdoli, Amir Abdollahi, Mohammad Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Afshin, Ashkan Ahmed, Haroon Rashid, Tarik Ahmed Akalu, Yonas Alahdab, Fares Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Al Hamad, Hanadi Ali, Liaqat Alipour, Vahid Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Amu, Hubert Arabloo, Jalal Arab-Zozani, Morteza Arulappan, Judie Ashbaugh, Charlie Atnafu, Desta Debalkie Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din Baig, Atif Amin Banik, Palash Chandra Bärnighausen, Till Winfried Barrow, Amadou Bender, Rose G. Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bibi, Sadia Bijani, Ali Burkart, Katrin Cederroth, Christopher R. Charan, Jaykaran Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan Chu, Dinh-Toi Couto, Rosa A.S. Dagnew, Amare Belachew Dagnew, Baye Dahlawi, Saad M.A. Dai, Xiaochen Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi Desalew, Assefa Dhamnetiya, Deepak Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal, Meghnath Doyle, Kerrie E. Duncan, Bruce B. Ekholuenetale, Michael Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Franklin, Richard Charles Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gaidhane, Shilpa Gallus, Silvano Ghamari, Farhad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Ghozali, Ghozali Gilani, Syed Amir Glǎvan, Ionela-Roxana Golechha, Mahaveer Goulart, Barbara Niegia Garcia Gupta, Veer Bala Gupta, Vivek Kumar Hamidi, Samer Hammond, Billy Randall Hay, Simon I. Hayat, Khezar Heidari, Golnaz Hoffman, Howard J. Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi Househ, Mowafa Hussain, Rabia Hwang, Bing-Fang Iavicoli, Ivo Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Iwagami, Masao Jacob, Louis Jayapal, Sathish Kumar Jha, Ravi Prakash Jonas, Jost B. Kalhor, Rohollah Al-Salihi, Nawzad Kameran Kandel, Himal Kasa, Ayele Semachew Kayode, Gbenga A. Khalilov, Rovshan Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli Kosen, Soewarta Koyanagi, Ai Kumar, G. Anil Landires, Ivan Lasrado, Savita Lim, Stephen S. Liu, Xuefeng Lobo, Stany W. Lugo, Alessandra Makki, Alaa Mendoza, Walter Mersha, Amanual Getnet Mihretie, Kebadnew Mulatu Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Noncommunicable Diseases World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva Switzerland Department of Parasitology and Mycology Jahrom University of Medical Sciences Jahrom Iran The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Pharmacy Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Clinical Sciences Department University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Biosciences COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Kurdistan Hewler Erbil Iraq Department of Medical Physiology University of Gondar Gondar Ethiopia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia Health Information Management and Technology Department Dammam Saudi Arabia Geriatric and Long Term Care Department Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Rumailah Hospital Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar Department of Biological Sciences National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS) Rawalpindi Pakistan Health Management and Economics Research Center Tehran Iran Department of Community Medicine King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Social Determinants of Health Research Center Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran Department of Maternal and Child Health Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Department of Health System and Health Economics Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia Department of Pharmacy University of Huddersfield Huddersfield United Kingdom Unit of Biochemistry Universiti

Background: Hearing loss affects access to spoken language, which can affect cognition and development, and can negatively affect social wellbeing. We present updated estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study on the prevalence of hearing loss in 2019, as well as the condition's associated disability. Methods: We did systematic reviews of population-representative surveys on hearing loss prevalence from 1990 to 2019. We fitted nested meta-regression models for severity-specific prevalence, accounting for hearing aid coverage, cause, and the presence of tinnitus. We also forecasted the prevalence of hearing loss until 2050. Findings: An estimated 1·57 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·51–1·64) people globally had hearing loss in 2019, accounting for one in five people (20·3% [19·5–21·1]). Of these, 403·3 million (357·3–449·5) people had hearing loss that was moderate or higher in severity after adjusting for hearing aid use, and 430·4 million (381·7–479·6) without adjustment. The largest number of people with moderate-to-complete hearing loss resided in the Western Pacific region (127·1 million people [112·3–142·6]). Of all people with a hearing impairment, 62·1% (60·2–63·9) were older than 50 years. The Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index explained 65·8% of the variation in national age-standardised rates of years lived with disability, because countries with a low HAQ Index had higher rates of years lived with disability. By 2050, a projected 2·45 billion (2·35–2·56) people will have hearing loss, a 56·1% (47·3–65·2) increase from 2019, despite stable age-standardised prevalence. Interpretation: As populations age, the number of people with hearing loss will increase. Interventions such as childhood screening, hearing aids, effective management of otitis media and meningitis, and cochlear implants have the potential to ameliorate this burden. Because the burden of moderate-to-complete hearing loss is concentrated in countries with low health-ca

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African leadership in brain diplomacy: The Yaoundé declaration advances the global brain economy playbook for better brain health

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Neuroscience 2025年 577卷 161-174页

作者： Njamnshi, Alfred Kongnyu Fame Ndongo, Jacques Ngoh Ngoh, Ferdinand Mbella Mbella, Lejeune Ghogomu, Paul M. Fouda, Séraphin M. Ondoa Obama, Marie-Thérèse A. Tchuinte, Madeleine Ousmane Mey, Alamine Manaouda, Malachie Beti Assomo, Joseph Sadi, René E. Motaze, Louis-Paul Nganou Djoumessi, Emmanuel Li Likeng, Minette Libom Nalova Lyonga, Pauline E. Etoundi Ngoa, Laurent S. Foutsou, Mounouna Mouelle Kombi, Narcisse Tchiroma, Bakary Issa Owona, Grégoire Ayissi, Henri Eyebe Balungeli, Confiance Ebune Hele, Pierre Fuh, Calistus G. Fomundam Mbah Acha, Rose N. Bidoung Kpwatt, Pierre I. Mbayu, Felix Tasong, Paul N. Momo, Jean de Dieu Doh, Jérôme P. Bayaola, Boniface Kilo, Vivian A. Abouem à Tchoyi, David Njeuma, Dorothy L. Tamfu, Simon F. Angwafo III, Fru F. Chumbow, Sammy B. Etoua, Remy M. Omgba, Richard L. Ngomo Manga, Horace Tsafack Nanfosso, Roger Chan, Andrew Etoa, François-Xavier Zambo, Joseph Marie B. Mah, Evelyn M. Tommo Monthe, Michel Eheth, Salomon Monono, Churchill Biffot, Paul P. Gabsa, Wilfred Cheka, Cosmas Echu, George Bella, Achille E. Njock, Louis Richard Fongod, Augustina G.N. Ndongo, Daniel U. Leke, Rose F.G. Pondi, Jean E. Fieggen, Graham Shehu, Bello B. Ayadi, Rym Merali, Zul Yusuf, Sadiq Apeagyei, Angela Esi Ranchod, Kirti Salama, Mohamed Atangana, Abdon Ngokeu, Eddy Ndifon, Wilfred Tiahou, Georges Tchoua, Romain Korsten, Lise Ibanez, Agustin Singh, Gagandeep Abdullah, Jafri M. Dhamija, Rajinder K. Ihunwo, Amadi O. Mbarika, Victor W.A. Mbah, David Njamnshi, Wepnyu Y. Ngarka, Leonard Ahidjo, Nene Njitung, Caleb Siewe Fodjo, Joseph N. Seke Etet, Paul F. Tsiagadigui, Jean Gustave Bissek, Anne-Cécile Z.K. Bella, Assumpta L. Mbanya, Jean Claude Ndjolo, Alexis Djientcheu, Vincent de Paul Ntone, Felicien E. Luma, Henry N. Mboudou, Emile Kasia, Jean Marie Leke, Robert J.I. Um Meka, Esther Ngo Ashuntantang, Gloria Ngaroua Bum, Elizabeth Ngo Njoya, Oudou Mbacham, Wilfred F. Ongolo-Zogo, Pierre Chabwine, Joelle N. Fongang, Bernard Vulliemoz, Serge Perrig, Stephen Sztajzel, Roman Annoni, Jean Marie Chakraborty, Sar Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN) Cameroon & Geneva Switzerland Society of Cameroonian Neurologists (SCAN) The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon World Federation of Neurology Delegate for Cameroon Cameroon Office of the Minister of State Minister of Higher Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of State Secretary General Presidency of The Republic of Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of External Relations Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister i/c of Special Duties Presidency of The Republic of Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister Secretary General Prime Minister's Office Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of Women's Empowerment and the Family Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of Scientific Research and Innovation Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of the Economy Planning and Regional Development Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister of Public Health Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister Delegate i/c of Defense Presidency of The Republic of Cameroon Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Communication Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Finance Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Public Works Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Post and Telecommunication Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Secondary Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Basic Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Youth and Civic Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Sports and Physical Education Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Professional Training Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Employment and Social Security Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of State Property and Land Tenure Yaoundé Cameroon Office of the Minister Director of Cabinet Prime Minister's Office Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Environment Nature Protection and Sustainable Development Yaoundé Cameroon Office the Minister of Mines Energy and Technological Development

Africa, the world's second-largest continent is home to 1.5 billion people, accounting for nearly 20% of the global population, (60% under age 25). By 2050, Africa's population will be 2.5 billion, and by 2035, more young Africans will be entering the workforce each year than in the rest of the world combined. Africa also hosts a rich social, cultural, and geopolitical diversity across its 5 geopolitical zones covering 54 countries. It is the most genetically, culturally, and linguistically diverse region on the planet. However, Africa's contribution to the global economy could be more significant if it urgently embraces the brain economy and leads in the development of new methodologies and approaches which can be exported around the world. In this paper, we explain our strategy to advance the Yaoundé Declaration for the Brain Economy, Brain Health, and Brain Capital. The Declaration has been endorsed by Cameroon's President, His Excellency Paul Biya, and demonstrates African leadership in global brain and society innovations, laying out a roadmap for how Africa can outcompete other economies by deftly deploying brain science-inspired policies and investments. We outline a new economic approach for African jobs, economic growth, sustainability, resilience, health, and well-being. The brain economy offers a broader framework than the current sustainable development goals (SDG) agenda. The Yaoundé Declaration is trans-disciplinary and cross-cutting across sectors: 32 sitting members of government from different sectors having co-authored this paper. It aligns with many aspects of the United Nations Pact for the Future and can accelerate the SDG. © 2025

关键词： Brain capital Brain economy Brain Health Green, digital care and bioeconomy transitions Neurodiplomacy Policy

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Characterising acute and chronic care needs: insights from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Nature communications 2025年第1期16卷 4235-4235页

作者： Cecilia Anza-Ramirez J. Jaime Miranda Benedetta Armocida Jorge César Correia Harriette Gillian Christine Van Spall David Beran Amirali Aali Kalkidan Hassen Abate Semagn Mekonnen Abate Cristiana Abbafati Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari Zeinab Abbasi-Kangevari Zahra Aryan Sina Azadnajafabad Mohammadreza Azangou-Khyavy Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari Mohammad Keykhaei Javad Khanali Sara Momtazmanesh Fateme Montazeri Shayan Rahmani Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi Nazila Rezaei Negar Rezaei Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam Ali-Asghar Kolahi Ali Nikoobar Hedayat Abbastabar Ahmed M. Abdel-Azeem Michael Abdelmasseh Juan Sanabria Sherief Abd-Elsalam Ahmed Abdelwahab Gholamreza Abdoli Mohammad Abdollahi Meriem Abdoun Deldar Morad Abdulah Abu Yousuf Md Abdullah Ame Mehadi Abdurehman Getachew Abebe Aidin Abedi Chirag P. Doshi Vida Abedi Hassan Abidi Richard Gyan Aboagye Hassan Abolhassani Nima Rezaei Lucas Guimarães Abreu Michael R. M. Abrigo Yonas Derso Abtew Hiwa Abubaker Ali Eman Abu-Gharbieh Hiba Jawdat Barqawi Rabih Halwani Maha Mohamed Saber-Ayad Iman M. Talaat Ahmed Abu-Zaid Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi Juan Manuel Acuna Denberu Eshetie Adane Tigist Demssew Adane Isaac Yeboah Addo Giovanni Addolorato Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo Victor Adekanmbi Miracle Ayomikun Adesina Isaac Iyinoluwa Olufadewa Olatunji O. Adetokunboh Daniel Adedayo Adeyinka Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi Muhammad Sohail Afzal Saira Afzal Gina Agarwal Prerna Agarwal Pradyumna Agasthi Anurag Agrawal Marcela Agudelo-Botero Adolfo Martinez-Valle Bright Opoku Ahinkorah Aqeel Ahmad Sajjad Ahmad Sohail Ahmad Tauseef Ahmad Ali Ahmadi Siamak Sabour Keivan Ahmadi Sanjay Basu Sepideh Ahmadi Ali Ahmed Shaun Wen Huey Lee Ayman Ahmed Haroon Ahmed Jivan Qasim Ahmed Gahin Abdulraheem Tayib Yahya Yahya Luai A. Ahmed Iffat Elbarazi Syed Mahboob Shah Janardhana P. Aithala Marjan Ajami Budi Aji Hossein Akbarialiabad Yibeltal Akelew Meisam Akhlaghdoust Elham Jamshidi Addis Aklilu Azene Tesfaye Melat Woldemariam Maxwell Ak CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru School of Medicine Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia Lima Peru Sydney School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Health University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Department of Cardiovascular Endocrine-metabolic Diseases and Aging Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome Italy Division of Endocrinology Diabetology Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education Department of Medicine Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research Evidence and Impact McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada Research Institute of St. Joe’s Hamilton ON Canada Population Health Research Institute Hamilton Canada Geneva University Hospitals Geneva Switzerland Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Jimma University Jimma Ethiopia Anesthesiology Department Dilla University Addis Ababa Ethiopia Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Social Determinants of Health Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard University Boston MA USA Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Chapter of Addiction Medicine University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Advanced Diagnostic and Intervent

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care addresses short-term conditions. Chronic conditions increasingly strain health systems, which are often unprepared for these demands. This study examines the burden of conditions requiring acute versus chronic care, including sequelae. Conditions and sequelae from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 were classified into acute or chronic care categories. Data were analysed by age, sex, and socio-demographic index, presenting total numbers and contributions to burden metrics such as Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), Years Lived with Disability (YLD), and Years of Life Lost (YLL). Approximately 68% of DALYs were attributed to chronic care, while 27% were due to acute care. Chronic care needs increased with age, representing 86% of YLDs and 71% of YLLs, and accounting for 93% of YLDs from sequelae. These findings highlight that chronic care needs far exceed acute care needs globally, necessitating health systems to adapt accordingly. © 2025. The Author(s).

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"So what if ChatGPT wrote it?" Multidisciplinary perspectives on opportunities, challenges and implications of generative conversational AI for research, practice and policy

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International Journal of Information Management 2023年 71卷

作者： Dwivedi, Yogesh K. Kshetri, Nir Hughes, Laurie Slade, Emma Louise Jeyaraj, Anand Kar, Arpan Kumar Baabdullah, Abdullah M. Koohang, Alex Raghavan, Vishnupriya Ahuja, Manju Albanna, Hanaa Albashrawi, Mousa Ahmad Al-Busaidi, Adil S. Balakrishnan, Janarthanan Barlette, Yves Basu, Sriparna Bose, Indranil Brooks, Laurence Buhalis, Dimitrios Carter, Lemuria Chowdhury, Soumyadeb Crick, Tom Cunningham, Scott W. Davies, Gareth H. Davison, Robert M. Dé, Rahul Dennehy, Denis Duan, Yanqing Dubey, Rameshwar Dwivedi, Rohita Edwards, John S. Flavián, Carlos Gauld, Robin Grover, Varun Hu, Mei-Chih Janssen, Marijn Jones, Paul Junglas, Iris Khorana, Sangeeta Kraus, Sascha Larsen, Kai R. Latreille, Paul Laumer, Sven Malik, F. Tegwen Mardani, Abbas Mariani, Marcello Mithas, Sunil Mogaji, Emmanuel Nord, Jeretta Horn O'Connor, Siobhan Okumus, Fevzi Pagani, Margherita Pandey, Neeraj Papagiannidis, Savvas Pappas, Ilias O. Pathak, Nishith Pries-Heje, Jan Raman, Ramakrishnan Rana, Nripendra P. Rehm, Sven-Volker Ribeiro-Navarrete, Samuel Richter, Alexander Rowe, Frantz Sarker, Suprateek Stahl, Bernd Carsten Tiwari, Manoj Kumar van der Aalst, Wil Venkatesh, Viswanath Viglia, Giampaolo Wade, Michael Walton, Paul Wirtz, Jochen Wright, Ryan Digital Futures for Sustainable Business & Society Research Group School of Management Swansea University Bay Campus Fabian Bay Wales Swansea United Kingdom Maharashtra Pune India Bryan School of Business and Economics University of North Carolina at Greensboro United States University of Bristol Business School University of Bristol BS8 1SD United Kingdom Professor of Information Systems Raj Soin College of Business Wright State University 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway DaytonOH45435 United States School of Artificial Intelligence Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi India Department of Management Studies Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Hauz Khas New Delhi India Department of Management Information Systems Faculty of Economics and Administration King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia School of Computing Middle Georgia State University MaconGA United States Client Advisory and Transformation Stackroute NIIT Limited India Department of Information Systems Analytics and Operations College of Business University of Louisville United States Northumbria University London United Kingdom IRC-FDE KFUPM Saudi Arabia ISOM KFUPM Business School KFUPM Saudi Arabia Innovation and Technology Transfer Center Sultan Qaboos University Oman Department of Business Communication Sultan Qaboos University Oman Department of Management Studies National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India Montpellier France FORE School of Management New Delhi India Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad Vastrapur Ahmedabad380015 India Information School University of Sheffield United Kingdom Bournemouth University Business School Poole United Kingdom School of Information Systems and Technology Management University of New South Wales Sydney Australia Information Operations and Management Sciences Department TBS Business School 1 Place Alphonse Jourdain Toulouse31068 France Department of Education & Childhood Studies Swansea Univers

Transformative artificially intelligent tools, such as ChatGPT, designed to generate sophisticated text indistinguishable from that produced by a human, are applicable across a wide range of contexts. The technology presents opportunities as well as, often ethical and legal, challenges, and has the potential for both positive and negative impacts for organisations, society, and individuals. Offering multi-disciplinary insight into some of these, this article brings together 43 contributions from experts in fields such as computer science, marketing, information systems, education, policy, hospitality and tourism, management, publishing, and nursing. The contributors acknowledge ChatGPT's capabilities to enhance productivity and suggest that it is likely to offer significant gains in the banking, hospitality and tourism, and information technology industries, and enhance business activities, such as management and marketing. Nevertheless, they also consider its limitations, disruptions to practices, threats to privacy and security, and consequences of biases, misuse, and misinformation. However, opinion is split on whether ChatGPT's use should be restricted or legislated. Drawing on these contributions, the article identifies questions requiring further research across three thematic areas: knowledge, transparency, and ethics;digital transformation of organisations and societies;and teaching, learning, and scholarly research. The avenues for further research include: identifying skills, resources, and capabilities needed to handle generative AI;examining biases of generative AI attributable to training datasets and processes;exploring business and societal contexts best suited for generative AI implementation;determining optimal combinations of human and generative AI for various tasks;identifying ways to assess accuracy of text produced by generative AI;and uncovering the ethical and legal issues in using generative AI across different contexts. © 2023 The Authors

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