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Random molecular substructures as fragment-type descriptors

Journal of Cheminformatics 2010年第1期2卷 1-1页

作者： José Batista Jado Technologies GmbH Tatzberg 47-51 D-01307 Dresden Germany Department of Life Science Informatics B-IT LIMES Program Unit Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universtität Bonn Dahlmannstr. 2 D-53113 Bonn Germany

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Automatic knowledge discovery and case management: An effective way to use databases to enhance health care management

IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology

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IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology 2009年 296卷 241-247页

作者： Kobus, Luciana S.G. Enembreck, Fabrício Scalabrin, Edson Emílio da Silva Dias, João da Silva, Sandra Honorato Graduate Program on Health Technology Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Brazil Graduate Program on Applied Informatics Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Brazil

This paper presents a methodology based on automatic knowledge discovery that aims to identify and predict the possible causes that makes a patient to be considered of high cost. The experiments were conducted in two directions. The first was the identification of important relationships among variables that describe the health care events using an association rules discovery process. The second was the discovery of precise prediction models of high cost patients, using classification techniques. Results from both methods are discussed to show that the patterns generated could be useful to the development of a high cost patient eligibility protocol, which could contribute to an efficient case management model. © 2009, IFIP Advances in Information and Communication *** right reserved.

关键词： Health care

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An agent framework to support sensor networks' setup and adaptation

An agent framework to support sensor networks' setup and ada...

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International Multiconference on Computer Science and Information Technology, IMCSIT '09

作者： De Freitas, Edison Pignaton Heimfarth, Tales Ferreira, Armando Morado Wagner, Flávio Rech Pereira, Carlos Eduardo Larsson, Tony IDE Halmstad University Halmstad Sweden Institute of Informatics UFRGS Porto Alegre Brazil Computer Science Department UFLA Lavras Brazil Defense Engineering Graduate Program Military Institute of Engineering Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781424453146

Sensor networks are being used in several emerging applications not even imagined some years ago due to advances in sensing, computing, and communication techniques. However, these advances also pose various challenges that must be faced. One important challenge is related to the autonomous capability needed to setup and adapt the networks, which decentralizes the control of the network, saving communication and energy resources. Middleware technology helps in addressing this kind of problem, but there is still a need for additional solutions, particularly considering dynamic changes in users' requirements and operation conditions. This paper presents an agent-based framework acting as an integral part of a middleware to support autonomous setup and adaptation of sensor networks. It adds interoperability among heterogeneous nodes in the network, by means of autonomous behavior and reasoning. These features also address the needs for system setup and adaptations in the network, reducing the communication overhead and decentralizing the decision making mechanism. Additionally, preliminary results are also presented. © 2009 IEEE.

关键词： Middleware

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Reasons for delay in seeking care for tuberculosis, Republic of Armenia, 20062007

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Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2010年第1期2010卷 412624页

作者： Schneider, Dana McNabb, Scott J. N. Safaryan, Marina Davidyants, Vladimir Niazyan, Ludmila Orbelyan, Sona Department of Epidemiology Rollins University of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA 30307 United States Center for Global Health U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA 30333 United States Public Health Informatics and Technology Program Office U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA 30333 United States Department of Tuberculosis Yerevan State Medical University Armenia National Institute of Health Ministry of Health Armenia Department of Epidemiology National Institute of Health Ministry of Health Armenia Mission East International Relief and Development Organization Armenia

Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Armenia, case reports of active TB increased from 590 to 1538 between 1990 and 2003. However, the TB case detection rate in Armenia in 2007 was only 51, indicating that many cases go undetected or that suspected cases are not referred for confirmatory diagnosis. Understanding why Armenians do not seek or delay TB medical care is important to increase detection rates, improve treatment outcomes, and reduce ongoing transmission. Methods. Two hundred-forty patients hospitalized between August 2006 and September 2007 at two Armenian TB reference hospitals were interviewed about symptoms, when they sought medical attention after symptom onset, outcomes of their first medical visit, and when they began treatment after diagnosis. We used logistic regression modeling to identify reasons for delay in diagnosis. Results. Fatigue and weight loss were significantly associated with delay in seeking medical attention [ aOR=2.47 (95 CI=1.15, 5.29);aOR=2.99 (95 CI=1.46, 6.14), resp.], while having night sweats protected against delay [ aOR=0.48 (95 CI=0.24, 0.96)]. Believing the illness to be something other than TB was also significantly associated with delay [ aOR=2.63 (95 CI=1.13, 6.12)]. Almost 20 of the 240TB patients were neither diagnosed at their first medical visit nor referred for further evaluation. Conclusions. This study showed that raising awareness of the signs and symptoms of TB among both the public and clinical communities is urgently needed. Copyright © 2010 Dana Schneider et al.

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On the role of classification in patent invalidity searches

On the role of classification in patent invalidity searches

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PaIR 09 - 2nd Workshop on Patent Information Retrieval, Co-located with the 18th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, CIKM 2009

作者： Harris, Christopher G. Foster, Steven Arens, Robert Srinivasan, Padmini Informatics Program University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 United States Global News Intelligence Montpelier VT 05667 United States Computer Science Department University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605588094

Searches on patents to determine prior art violations are often cumbersome and require extensive manpower to accomplish successfully. When time is constrained, an automatically generated list of candidate patents may decrease search costs and improve search efficiency. We examine whether semantic relations inferred from the pseudo-hierarchy of patent classifications can contribute to the recognition of related patents. We examine a similarity measure for hierarchically-ordered patent classes and subclasses and return a ranked list of candidate patents, using a similarity measure that has demonstrated its effectiveness when applied to WordNet ontologies. We then demonstrate that this ranked list of candidate patents allows us to better constrain the effort needed to examine for prior art violations on a target patent. Copyright 2009 ACM.

关键词： Ontology

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A Study of the Effect of Illumination Conditions and Color Spaces on Skin Segmentation

A Study of the Effect of Illumination Conditions and Color S...

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Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing (SIBGRAPI)

作者： Diogo Kuiaski Hugo Vieira Neto Gustavo Borba Humberto Gamba Post-graduation Program in Electrical Engineering and Industrial Informatics Federal University of Technology of Paraná (UTFPR) Curitiba Parana Brazil

This work aims at investigating the influence of luminance information and environment illumination on skin classification. We explore Bayesian approaches to perform automatic classification of human skin pixels on digital images, using color features as input. Two probabilistic skin color models were built on different color spaces (RGB, normalized RG, HSI, HS, YCbCr and CbCr) and tested in a task of automatic pixel classification into skin and non-skin. Analyses of classification performance were done by presenting an illumination controlled image database containing images acquired in four different illumination conditions (shadow, sun, incandescent and fluorescent lights) to these classifiers. Our experiments show that building probabilistic skin color models using the CbCr color space generally improves performance of the classifiers and that best performance is achieved in shadow illumination.

关键词： Lighting Skin Image segmentation Bayesian methods Humans Pixel Digital images Roentgenium Automatic testing Image analysis

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Design and Implementation of Home Automated Telemanagement System for Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

Design and Implementation of Home Automated Telemanagement S...

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International Conference on eHealth, Telemedicine, and Social Medicine (eTELEMED)

作者： Joseph Finkelstein Jeffrey Wood Raymond Cross Chronic Disease Informatics Program Johns Hopkins University USA Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology University of Maryland School of Medicine USA

We developed a home automated telemanagement (HAT) system for the computer-guided management of patients with ulcerative colitis to monitor symptoms, medication compliance, weight changes, and quality of life, while educating the patients on their disease. The system runs on a laptop computer connected to a phone line and a digital scale placed in the patientpsilas home. The system questions the patient on their condition, monitors their weight, and provides the patient with feedback on suggested management techniques. Their medication regimen and suggested actions are determined by their physician and integrated in to the system, keeping a personalized approach to disease management while taking advantage of the technology available. This low-cost telemanagement system has been successfully introduced to optimize the care of patients with ulcerative colitis.

关键词： Diseases Medical treatment Patient monitoring Telemedicine Medical services Computerized monitoring Portable computers Biomedical monitoring Visual BASIC Web server

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One-Against-All-based multiclass SVM strategies applied to vehicle plate character recognition

One-Against-All-based multiclass SVM strategies applied to v...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Tiago C. Mota Antonio Carlos G. Thome Informatics Postgraduate Program (PPGI) Mathematics Institute (IM) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil

This work describes a study of strategies for classification of characters extracted from vehicle plate images. We propose to make use of support vector machines, as well as strategies for building multiclassifiers from this model. The proposed strategies are based on the well-known one-against-all approach and, beyond multiclassifier building, they have as main idea the mapping of the outputs of the binary classifiers that constitutes the multiclassifier. We describe the tests of applying the proposed strategies to the cited problem and expose results that show a significant performance improvement.

关键词： Support vector machines Vehicles Character recognition Support vector machine classification Neural networks Testing Access control Optical character recognition software Security Control systems

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Impact of region-based faults on the connectivity of wireless networks

Impact of region-based faults on the connectivity of wireles...

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Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing

作者： Arunabha Sen Sujogya Banerjee Pavel Ghosh Shahrzad Shirazipourazad Computer Science and Engineering Program School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424458707

The last few years have seen considerable interest in the wireless networking research community in analyzing the connectivity of wireless ad-hoc networks formed by a set of nodes distributed in a two dimensional plane (deployment area) with a (i) uniform probability density function and (ii) uniform transmission range. Although several important and interesting results are known in this domain, most of the connectivity studies consider a fault-free scenario where all nodes are available for network formation and do not consider failures among nodes caused by one reason or another. In very few studies where faults are considered, they are usually considered to be random in nature, i.e., the probability of a node failing is independent of its location in the deployment area. However, such fault scenario is inadequate to capture many realistic situations where the faulty nodes are spatially correlated. This is particularly true in combat environment where an enemy bomb can destroy a subset of nodes confined to a region. In this paper we investigate the impact of region-based faults on the connectivity of wireless networks. Through analysis and simulation, we provide results relating the probability of a network being connected as transmission range and the size of fault-region are varied. If d min (G) denotes the minimum node degree of the network, we provide the analytical expression for P(d min (G) ¿ k), which represents the probability of the minimum node degree being at least k, for k = 1. Moreover, we compute P(¿(G) ¿ k), where ¿(G) represents the connectivity of the graph G formed by the distribution of nodes in the deployment area and examine the relationship between P(d min (G) ¿ k) and P(¿(G) ¿ k) when k = 1.

关键词： Wireless networks Distributed computing Weapons Analytical models Computer science Computer networks informatics Systems engineering and theory Ad hoc networks Probability density function

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Toward assessing law students' argument diagrams 09

Toward assessing law students' argument diagrams

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12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law, ICAIL '09

作者： Lynch, Collin Ashley, Kevin Pinkwart, Niels Aleven, Vincent LRDC School of Law Univ of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States Department of Informatics Clausthal Univ of Technology Clausthal Germany HCII SCS Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA United States Intelligent Systems Program Univ of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605585970

The development of graphical argument models is an active and growing area of research in Artificial Intelligence and Law. The aim is to develop models which may be readily used by legal professionals and novices to produce and parse arguments. If this goal is to be realized it is important to develop models that human reasoners can manipulate and assess consistently. We report on an ongoing study of graph agreement in the context of the LARGO system. Copyright 2009 ACM.

关键词： Education computing

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