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Triangulated Research Methods to Operationalize Career and Technical Education Administrator Knowledge and Skill Core Competencies in Pennsylvania

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JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON LEADERSHIP EDUCATION 2022年第2期17卷 181-210页

作者： Harvey, Michael W. Fleck, Joey A. Threeton, Mark D. Penn State Univ Educ Workforce Educ & Dev Program University Pk PA 16802 USA Penn State Univ Competency Based Teacher Educ Program Workforce Educ & Dev Program University Pk PA 16802 USA Penn State Univ Learning & Performance Syst Workforce Educ & Dev Program University Pk PA 16802 USA

The position of the career and technical education (CTE) administrator is generally well-known but the multitude of tasks (e.g., management/leadership) are not widely understood by those outside CTE. The purpose of this study was to operationalize and establish a set of knowledge and skill core competencies (KSCC) nested in specific focus areas for CTE leadership training in Pennsylvania. The study used triangulated multi-method research procedures to establish consensus. The resulting KSCC frame standards for CTE leadership training for administrator candidates in Pennsylvania and can be used to establish a national skill set. The KSCC compliments the NELP (2018) Standards.

关键词： leadership knowledge and skills Career and technical education leadership Management secondary education

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Under the Radar: Strategies Used by Helicobacter pylori to Evade Host Responses

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ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYSIOLOGY 2022年第1期84卷 485-506页

作者： Prashar, Akriti Capurro, Mariana, I Jones, Nicola L. Hosp Sick Children Peter Gilgan Ctr Res & Learning Program Cell Biol Toronto ON Canada Hosp Sick Children Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Paediat Toronto ON Canada

The body depends on its physical barriers and innate and adaptive immune responses to defend against the constant assault of potentially harmful microbes. In turn, successful pathogens have evolved unique mechanisms to adapt to the host environment and manipulate host defenses. Helicobacter pylori (Hp), a human gastric pathogen that is acquired in childhood and persists throughout life, is an example of a bacterium that is very successful at remodeling the host-pathogen interface to promote a long-term persistent infection. Using a combination of secreted virulence factors, immune subversion, and manipulation of cellular mechanisms, Hp can colonize and persist in the hostile environment of the human stomach. Here, we review the most recent and relevant information regarding how this successful pathogen overcomes gastric epithelial host defense responses to facilitate its own survival and establish a chronic infection.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori VacA CagA host defenses TRPML1

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Influence of Data Curation and Confidence Levels on Compound Predictions Using Machine learning Models

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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL INFORMATION AND MODELING 2024年第24期64卷 9341-9349页

作者： Xerxa, Elena Vogt, Martin Bajorath, Juergen Rhein Friedrich Wilhelms Univ Dept Life Sci Informat & Data Sci B IT D-53115 Bonn Germany Rhein Friedrich Wilhelms Univ Lamarr Inst Machine Learning & Artificial Intellig D-53115 Bonn Germany Rhein Friedrich Wilhelms Univ Limes Inst Program Unit Chem Biol & Med Chem D-53115 Bonn Germany

While data curation principles and practices are a major topic in data science, they are often not explicitly considered in machine learning (ML) applications in chemistry. We have been interested in evaluating the potential effects of data curation on the performance of molecular ML models. Therefore, a sequential curation scheme was developed for compounds and activity data, and different ML classification models were generated at increasing data confidence levels and evaluated. Sequential data curation was found to systematically increase classification performance in an incremental manner due to cumulative effects of individual data curation criteria. The analysis of chemical space distributions of compound subsets at different data confidence levels revealed that the separation of compounds with different class labels in chemical space generally increased during sequential activity data curation, which was mostly due to subsequent elimination of singletons rather than compounds from analogue series. These findings provided a rationale for increasing the classification performance of ML models as a consequence of increasingly stringent data curation. Taken together, the results reported herein suggest that further attention should be paid to varying data curation and confidence levels when deriving and assessing ML models for chemical applications.

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A 3D stack-of-spirals approach for rapid hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe ventilation mapping in pediatric cystic fibrosis lung disease

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MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE 2023年第3期89卷 1083-1091页

作者： Zanette, Brandon Munidasa, Samal Friedlander, Yonni Ratjen, Felix Santyr, Giles Hosp Sick Children Translat Med Program Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Med Biophys Toronto ON Canada Hosp Sick Children Div Resp Med Toronto ON Canada Hosp Sick Children Peter Gilgan Ctr Res & Learning 686 Bay St Toronto ON M5G 0A4 Canada

PurposeTo demonstrate the feasibility of a rapid 3D stack-of-spirals (3D-SoS) imaging acquisition for hyperpolarized Xe-129 ventilation mapping in healthy pediatric participants and pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) participants, in comparison to conventional Cartesian multislice (2D) gradient-recalled echo (GRE) imaging. MethodsThe 2D-GRE and 3D-SoS acquisitions were performed in 13 pediatric participants (5 healthy, 8 CF) during separate breath-holds. Images from both sequences were compared on the basis of ventilation defect percent (VDP) and other measures of image similarity. The nadir of transient oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) decline due to xenon breath-holding was measured with pulse oximetry, and expressed as a percent change relative to baseline. Results(129)Xe ventilation images were acquired in a breath-hold of 1.2-1.8 s with the 3D-SoS sequence, compared to 6.2-8.8 s for 2D-GRE. Mean +/- SD VDP measures for 2D-GRE and 3D-SoS sequences were 5.02 +/- 1.06% and 5.28 +/- 1.08% in healthy participants, and 18.05 +/- 8.26% and 18.75 +/- 6.74% in CF participants, respectively. Across all participants, the intraclass correlation coefficient of VDP measures for both sequences was 0.98 (95% confidence interval: 0.94-0.99). The percent change in SpO(2) was reduced to -2.1 +/- 2.7% from -5.2 +/- 3.5% with the shorter 3D-SoS breath-hold. ConclusionHyperpolarized Xe-129 ventilation imaging with 3D-SoS yielded images approximately five times faster than conventional 2D-GRE, reducing SpO(2) desaturation and improving tolerability of the xenon administration. Analysis of VDP and other measures of image similarity demonstrate excellent agreement between images obtained with both sequences. 3D-SoS holds significant potential for reducing the acquisition time of hyperpolarized Xe-129 MRI, and/or increasing spatial resolution while adhering to clinical breath-hold constraints.

关键词： cystic fibrosis hyperpolarized Xe-129 pediatric spiral ventilation defect

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Sustaining Our Academic Careers amidst COVID-19: A Collaborative Autoethnography of Women Academicians

MIDWEST QUARTERLY-A JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY THOUGHT

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MIDWEST QUARTERLY-A JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY THOUGHT 2023年第3期64卷 322-340页

作者： Goris, Tatiana Lewis, Krissy Smetana, Judy Pittsburg State Univ Sch Technol & Workforce Learning Pittsburg KS 66762 USA Pittsburg State Univ Bachelor Sci Workforce Dev Degree Program Pittsburg KS USA Pittsburg State Univ HRD Grad Program Sch Technol & Workforce Learning Pittsburg KS USA

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Maturational effect of leptin on CO2 chemosensitivity in newborn rats

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PEDIATRIC RESEARCH 2023年第3期94卷 971-978页

作者： Tamir-Hostovsky, Liran Ivanovska, Julijana Parajon, Eleana Patel, Rachana Wang, Huanhuan Biouss, George Ivanovski, Nikola Belik, Jaques Pierro, Agostino Montandon, Gaspard Gauda, Estelle B. Univ Toronto Hosp Sick Children Dept Pediat Div Neonatol Toronto ON Canada Tel Aviv Univ Sackler Fac Med Tel Aviv Israel Univ Toronto Hosp Sick Children Peter Gilgan Ctr Res & Learning Translat Program Toronto ON Canada Johns Hopkins Sch Med Cellular & Mol Med Baltimore MD USA Univ Toronto Hosp Sick Children Peter Gilgan Ctr Res & Learning Dev & Stem Cell Biol ProgramDiv Gen & Thorac Surg Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto St Michaels Hosp Keenan Res Ctr Biomed Sci Unity Hlth Toronto Toronto ON Canada

BackgroundLeptin augments central CO2 chemosensitivity and stabilizes breathing in adults. Premature infants have unstable breathing and low leptin levels. Leptin receptors are on CO2 sensitive neurons in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) and locus coeruleus (LC). We hypothesized that exogenous leptin improves hypercapnic respiratory response in newborn rats by improving central CO2 *** rats at postnatal day (p)4 and p21, hyperoxic and hypercapnic ventilatory responses, and pSTAT and SOCS3 protein expression in the hypothalamus, NTS and LC were measured before and after treatment with exogenous leptin (6 mu g/g).ResultsExogenous leptin increased the hypercapnic response in p21 but not in p4 rats (P <= 0.001). At p4, leptin increased pSTAT expression only in the LC, and SOCS3 expression in the NTS and LC;while at p21 pSTAT and SOCS3 levels were higher in the hypothalamus, NTS, and LC (P <= 0.05).ConclusionsWe describe the developmental profile of the effect of exogenous leptin on CO2 chemosensitivity. Exogenous leptin does not augment central CO2 sensitivity during the first week of life in newborn rats. The translational implication of these findings is that low plasma leptin levels in premature infants may not be contributing to respiratory *** leptin does not augment CO2 sensitivity during the first week of life in newborn rats, similar to the developmental period when feeding behavior is resistant to *** leptin increases CO2 chemosensitivity in newborn rats after the 3rd week of life and upregulates the expression of pSTAT and SOC3 in the hypothalamus, NTS and *** plasma leptin levels in premature infants are unlikely contributors to respiratory instability via decreased CO2 sensitivity in premature infants. Thus, it is highly unlikely that exogenous leptin would alter this response.

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Change in students' explanation of the shape of snowflakes after collaborative immersive virtual reality

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Chemistry Education Research and Practice 2022年第2期24卷 509-525页

作者： Matovu, Henry Won, Mihye Treagust, David Franklin Ungu, Dewi Ayu Kencana Mocerino, Mauro Tsai, Chin-Chung Tasker, Roy School of Education Curtin University Perth Australia School of Molecular and Life Sciences Curtin University Perth Australia Program of Learning Sciences Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan School of Science Western Sydney University Penrith Australia

In recent years, chemistry educators are increasingly adopting immersive virtual reality (IVR) technology to help learners visualise molecular interactions. However, educational studies on IVR mostly investigated its usability and user perceptions leaving out its impact on improving conceptual understanding. If they evaluated students' knowledge gains, they tended to use information recall tests to assess knowledge gains. Employing interviews and diagram-drawing tasks, this study explored how students' conceptual understanding of the nature of hydrogen bonds and the shape of snowflakes changed through a collaborative IVR experience on snowflakes. Participants were 68 undergraduate chemistry students. Videos of pre-/post-interviews and student-generated diagrams were analysed. The results indicated a marked improvement in students' conceptual understanding of the nature of hydrogen bonds among water molecules in snowflakes. After IVR, 57 students provided scientifically acceptable explanations of the nature of hydrogen bonds. Improvements in students' understanding were related to the intermolecular nature of hydrogen bonds, the role of lone pairs of electrons in forming hydrogen bonds, and molecular interactions in 3D space. This study suggests that collaborative IVR could be a powerful way for students to visualise molecular interactions, examine their alternative conceptions, and build more coherent understanding. Implications for the design and implementation of IVR activities for science learning are discussed. © 2022 Royal Society of Chemistry. All rights reserved.

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A Neuroevolutionary Model to Estimate the Tensile Strength of Manufactured Parts Made by 3D Printing

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ALGORITHMS 2022年第8期15卷 263-263页

作者： da Silva, Matheus Alencar Junior, Bonfim Amaro Brito Medeiros, Ramon Ruda Pinheiro, Placido Rogerio Univ Fed Ceara Undergrad Mech Engn Program BR-62900000 Russas Brazil Univ Fed Ceara Nucleo Estudo Machine Learning & Otimizacao NEMO BR-62900000 Russas Brazil Fed Univ Paraiba UFPB Grad Program Mech Engn BR-58051900 Joao Pessoa Paraiba Brazil Univ Fortaleza UNIFOR Grad Program Appl Informat BR-60811905 Fortaleza Ceara Brazil

Three-dimensional printing has advantages, such as an excellent flexibility in producing parts from the digital model, enabling the fabrication of different geometries that are both simple or complex, using low-cost materials and generating little residue. Many technologies have gained space, highlighting the artificial intelligence (AI), which has several applications in different areas of knowledge and can be defined as any technology that allows a system to demonstrate human intelligence. In this context, machine learning uses artificial intelligence to develop computational techniques, aiming to build knowledge automatically. This system is responsible for making decisions based on experiences accumulated through successful solutions. Thus, this work aims to develop a neuroevolutionary model using artificial intelligence techniques, specifically neural networks and genetic algorithms, to predict the tensile strength in materials manufactured by fused filament fabrication (FFF)-type 3D printing. We consider the collection and construction of a database on three-dimensional instances to reach our objective. To train our model, we adopted some parameters. The model algorithm was developed in the Python programming language. After analyzing the data and graphics generated by the execution of the tests, we present that the model outperformed, with a determination coefficient superior to 90%, resulting in a high rate of assertiveness.

关键词： fused deposition modeling 3D printing artificial intelligence

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Why it is so challenging to perform economic evaluations of interventions in autism and what to do about it

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AUTISM RESEARCH 2023年第11期16卷 2061-2070页

作者： Tsiplova, Kate Ungar, Wendy J. Hosp Sick Children Res Inst Program Child Hlth Evaluat Sci Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Inst Hlth Policy Management & Evaluat Toronto ON Canada Hosp SickChildren Peter Gilgan Ctr Res & Learning Program Child Health Evaluat Sci 11th floor 686 Bay St Toronto ON M5G 0A4 Canada

Economic evaluation is used to determine the optimal provision of services and programs under budget constraints and to inform public and private payer funding decisions. To maximize value-for-money in the design and delivery of programs and services for persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), it's essential to generate high-quality economic evidence to inform budget allocation. There is a paucity however, of economic evaluations of interventions for ASD. This is due in part to challenges in conducting economic evaluations in this population and the lack of guidance on suitable approaches. These challenges are related to the inherent heterogeneity of the autistic population;establishing short- and long-term effectiveness;measurement of costs and the availability of valid instruments for collecting economic data;the appropriateness of outcomes for use in economic evaluation;and achieving statistical power. This commentary addresses a lack of awareness and needed guidance on these issues by discussing the challenges and providing recommendations for how economic evaluations in ASD could be improved to generate high-quality evidence for program funding decision-making.

关键词： autism cost effectiveness analysis economic evaluation interventions

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Prediction Of Particulate Matter (PM) Concentration in Highland Wooden Houses Using XGBoost, LightGBM, And Catboost

Prediction Of Particulate Matter (PM) Concentration in Highl...

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Computer Sciences, Engineering, and Technology Innovation (ICoCSETI), International Conference on

作者： Muhamad Fuat Asnawi Ema Utami Student Informatics of Distance Learning Program Amikom University Yogyakarta Indonesia Magister of Informatics Engineering Amikom University Yogyakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9798331508616

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508623

This study aims to predict the concentration of PM2.5 within wooden houses located in highland areas using advanced machine learning models, namely CatBoost, XGBoost, and LightGBM. These models are employed to analyze the impact of environmental factors, such as solar radiation temperature, wind speed, air temperature, humidity, and CO₂ concentration on indoor PM2.5 levels. The primary objective is to determine the model that provides the highest prediction accuracy, contributing to effective mitigation strategies for air quality management in similar environments. The findings demonstrate that the CatBoost model outperforms other models in terms of prediction accuracy, as evidenced by its lowest error metrics, including Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). In contrast, the stacking model, which combines all three algorithms, did not enhance prediction accuracy and exhibited higher error values in extreme cases compared to individual models. This research offers valuable insights into the application of boosting algorithms for indoor air quality prediction, especially in highland wooden structures. The results are expected to aid future developments in air quality monitoring systems and provide a foundation for targeted public health interventions.

关键词： Measurement Accuracy Temperature Atmospheric modeling Computational modeling Stacking Predictive models Prediction algorithms Monitoring Indoor air quality

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