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Dissecting the functional organization of the C. elegans serotonergic system at whole-brain scale

CELL 2023年第12期186卷 2574-+页

作者： Dag, Ugur Nwabudike, Ijeoma Kang, Di Gomes, Matthew A. Kim, Jungsoo Atanas, Adam A. Bueno, Eric Estrem, Cassi Pugliese, Sarah Wang, Ziyu Towlson, Emma Flavell, Steven W. MIT Picower Inst Learning & Memory Dept Brain & Cognit Sci Cambridge MA 02139 USA MIT Computat & Syst Biol Program Cambridge MA USA Univ Calgary Alberta Childrens Res Hosp Hotchkiss Brain Inst Dept Comp SciDept Phys & Astron Calgary AB Canada

Serotonin influences many aspects of animal behavior. But how serotonin acts on its diverse receptors across the brain to modulate global activity and behavior is unknown. Here, we examine how serotonin release in C. elegans alters brain-wide activity to induce foraging behaviors, like slow locomotion and increased feeding. Comprehensive genetic analyses identify three core serotonin receptors (MOD-1, SER-4, and LGC-50) that induce slow locomotion upon serotonin release and others (SER-1, SER-5, and SER-7) that interact with them to modulate this behavior. SER-4 induces behavioral responses to sudden in-creases in serotonin release, whereas MOD-1 induces responses to persistent release. Whole-brain imaging reveals widespread serotonin-associated brain dynamics, spanning many behavioral networks. We map all sites of serotonin receptor expression in the connectome, which, together with synaptic connectivity, helps predict which neurons show serotonin-associated activity. These results reveal how serotonin acts at defined sites across a connectome to modulate brain-wide activity and behavior.

关键词： serotonin C. elegans neuromodulation brain-wide activity behavior

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Sex therapy credentials: a descriptive analysis of the training of clinicians who do sex therapy

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SEXUAL AND RELATIONSHIP THERAPY 2024年第1期39卷 4-19页

作者： Zeglin, Robert J. Goldberg, Sydney Stalnaker-Shofner, Devona M. Walker, Brittany M. Schubert, Angela M. Univ North Florida Dept Publ Hlth Clin Mental Hlth Counseling Program Jacksonville FL 32224 USA Univ North Florida Clin Mental Hlth Counseling Program Jacksonville FL USA Univ North Florida Jacksonville FL USA Univ North Florida Sci Psychol Jacksonville FL USA Cent Methodist Univ Clin Counseling Dept MSCC Online Learning Fayette NC USA

Mental health professionals (e.g. counselors, psychologists, social workers) use the internet to market their services. One such service being marketed is "sex therapy." However, considering the paucity of sexuality-related standards present in the training standards governing the training of these professionals, it is unclear to what extent clinicians who advertise as providing "sex therapy" have the training to competently and therefore ethically provide that service. The current study sought to address this knowledge gap via survey methodology. One hundred fourteen (n = 114) clinicians from across the United States who market as providing "sex therapy" on their public PsychologyToday profile were recruited for the study. Results indicate that 25.5% are certified in sex therapy, 31.9% completed zero credits of sexuality-related coursework in graduate school, and 52.1% are members of a professional sex therapy organization. Additionally, 74.9% of clients on their caseload are presenting with sex as a primary or secondary issue. The clinical, training, and research implications of these results are discussed. Lay Summary There is little known about the training and qualifications of sex therapists. This study found that 25% of sex therapists across the country are certified and 32% have zero graduate training in sex therapy. This has potential implications for the quality of care received by sex therapy clients.

关键词： sex therapy ethics marketing continuing education

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Personalized Recommendation System for Online learning: An Opportunity 8

Personalized Recommendation System for Online Learning: An O...

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8th International Conference on Business and Industrial Research, ICBIR 2023

作者： Murad, Dina Fitria Toha, Mohamad Mayatopani, Hendra Wijanarko, Bambang Dwi Heryadi, Yaya Dewi, Meta Amalya Leandros, Riyan Bina Nusantara University BINUS Online Learning Information Systems Department Jakarta Indonesia Universitas Terbuka Indonesia Pradita University Department of Information Systems Indonesia Bina Nusantara University BINUS Online Learning Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program - Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350399646

In the world of education, learning management systems are currently widely used. The massively open online courses are accessible either via the web or mobile. The learning Management System (LMS) is one of the learning media that is widely used today in online learning. An LMS with the use of a personalized recommendation system can provide items tailored to the interests and behavior of its users. Items in the recommendation system can be in the form of recommendations for learning models, ways of learning, learning patterns, or learning stages according to the characteristics and profile of the user. The purpose of this study is to identify opportunities for better online learning by utilizing a customized recommendation system based on the history of user interaction with the system, using several factors as determinants or variables. The method used is a review conducted from several stages. The result of this is knowing the factors that influence the user, and the opportunities that exist in the system recommendations on personalized development. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Recommender systems

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The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Influencers on Purchase Intention 9

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence Influencers on Purchas...

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9th International Conference on Business and Industrial Research, ICBIR 2024

作者： Rumangkit, Stefanus Pradana, Handrio Adhi Hadi, Antonius Satria Bina Nusantara University Binus Online Learning Management Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Islamic University of Indonesia Faculty of Business and Economics Management Department Yogyakarta55584 Indonesia Widya Mataram University Study Program of Entrepreneurship Faculty of Economy Yogyakarta55132 Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350383010

This research aims to examine the influence of trustworthiness, attractiveness, and parasocial relationships on artificial intelligence influencers. Meanwhile, another objective of this study is to determine the influence of artificial intelligence influencers on purchase intentions. The research is classified as quantitative research using SmartPLS 3 software as a statistical tool. The sample in this research was 100 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. The results of this research show trustworthiness, attractiveness, and parasocial relationships influence perceived AI influencer-customer product fit. Another conclusion from this research is that perceived AI influencer-customer product fit influences purchase intention. The practical implication of research conducted on companies is that AI influencers can be an effective and efficient promotional strategy that can increase purchase intention. In addition, using AI Influencers can create unique potential consumer experiences, so that they match preferences, create more interesting interactions, and build stronger engagement. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Sales

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Playful approaches to learning as a realm for the humanities in the culture of higher education: A hermeneutical literature review

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ARTS AND HUMANITIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION 2022年第2期21卷 198-219页

作者： Jensen, Julie Borup Pedersen, Oline Lund, Ole Skovbjerg, Helle Marie Aalborg Univ Dept Culture & Learning Kroghstr 3 DK-9200 Aalborg Denmark VIA Univ Coll Program Phys Educ Aarhus Denmark Univ Coll Northern Jutland Program Marginalizat & Inequal Aalborg Denmark Design Sch Kolding Kolding Denmark

This article presents playfulness as an emerging approach to learning in higher education that emphasises the arts and humanities across disciplines. The article is based on a qualitative, hermeneutical literature review in light of educational culture in higher education. The literature review indicates that playful approaches to learning stand in opposition to educational cultures that focus on rapidness and student performance. However, an educational culture of play is about to establish itself, and this culture of play emphasises creativity in learning and human flourishing in education, perspectives that are connected to arts and humanities. The main findings cultures of time, performance and play lead to several questions about societal, institutional, and organisational educational culture, and regarding approaches to teaching, learning, humanity and society. The main contribution of this article is that a focus on playfulness offer the field of arts and humanities new possibilities in future education.

关键词： Culture of play playful learning performance culture educational-cultural acceleration subjective and objective time magic circle

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Developing a Course-Specific Chatbot Powered by Generative AI for Assisting Students’ learning in a programming Course

Developing a Course-Specific Chatbot Powered by Generative A...

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International Conference on Advanced learning Technologies (ICALT)

作者： Yueh-Hui Vanessa Chiang Yu-Chen Lin Nian-Shing Chen Life Education M.A. Program Dharma Drum Institute of Liberal Arts New Taipei City Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Chengchi University Taipei Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences and Program of Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350362053

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362060

This paper details the development of an educational chatbot designed to assist non-IT undergraduate students in a computer programming course. The chatbot, accessible through a LINE Bot interface, focuses conversations on course materials and activities, providing students with relevant learning support. Utilizing OpenAI’s API, the chatbot generates human-like conversational content. The paper includes preliminary evaluation results, emphasizing the chatbot’s ability to respond accurately to course-related student queries. This study highlights the potential of chatbots in enhancing educational experiences in specialized subjects.

关键词： Generative AI Oral communication Chatbots programming profession

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Monitoring Applications for Vehicle based on Internet of Things (IoT) using the MQTT Protocol 8

Monitoring Applications for Vehicle based on Internet of Thi...

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8th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence, ICCSCI 2023

作者： Nurudin Sukmandhani, Arief Agus Zarlis, Muhammad Computer Science Department BinusOnline Learning Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Information Systems Management Department BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Information Systems Management Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

Monitoring of vehicle conditions is needed as one of the securities in driving because one of the accident rates is negligence in checking the condition of the vehicle. This study aims to help reduce the level of accidents and increase human awareness for vehicle conditions, especially minibus type vehicles. The system works to provide information on the condition of vehicles sourced from the Engine Control Unit (ECU). ECU data cars are obtained by SNIP traffic broadcast message and ask for data directly at the ECU. The car can provide vehicle information using a Canbus communication protocol through the OBD-II socket. Vehicle information can be seen by users through the website in real time. Based on the evaluation from the user side, this system provides ease of monitoring vehicle conditions because it can be accessed via the internet using various kinds of devices. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Blackbox ECU OBD-II Sstem Logging

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Genome-wide CRISPR guide RNA design and specificity analysis with GuideScan2

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GENOME BIOLOGY 2025年第1期26卷 1-25页

作者： Schmidt, Henri Zhang, Minsi Chakarov, Dimitar Bansal, Vineet Mourelatos, Haralambos Sanchez-Rivera, Francisco J. Lowe, Scott W. Ventura, Andrea Leslie, Christina S. Pritykin, Yuri Princeton Univ Dept Comp Sci Princeton NJ 08544 USA Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Computat & Syst Biol Program New York NY 10021 USA Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr Canc Biol & Genet Program New York NY 10021 USA Princeton Univ Lewis Sigler Inst Integrat Genom Princeton NJ 08544 USA Princeton Univ Ctr Stat & Machine Learning Princeton NJ USA Mem Sloan Kettering Tri Inst MD PhD Program Weill Cornell Rockefeller New York NY USA MIT David H Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res Cambridge MA USA MIT Dept Biol Cambridge MA USA

We present GuideScan2 for memory-efficient, parallelizable construction of high-specificity CRISPR guide RNA (gRNA) databases and user-friendly design and analysis of individual gRNAs and gRNA libraries for targeting coding and non-coding regions in custom genomes. GuideScan2 analysis identifies widespread confounding effects of low-specificity gRNAs in published CRISPR screens and enables construction of a gRNA library that reduces off-target effects in a gene essentiality screen. GuideScan2 also enables the design and experimental validation of allele-specific gRNAs in a hybrid mouse genome. GuideScan2 will facilitate CRISPR experiments across a wide range of applications.

关键词： CRISPR Guide RNA Off-targets Burrows-Wheeler transform Algorithm Software Web interface GuideScan2

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A Generalized Bootstrap Target for Value-learning, Efficiently Combining Value and Feature Predictions 36

A Generalized Bootstrap Target for Value-Learning, Efficient...

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36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2022

作者： Gx-Chen, Anthony Chelu, Veronica Richards, Blake A. Pineau, Joelle Mila - Quebec AI Institute Canada McGill University Canada Canada AI Chair Program CIFAR Learning in Machines & Brains Canada Meta AI Research

ISBN: (纸本)1577358767

Estimating value functions is a core component of reinforcement learning algorithms. Temporal difference (TD) learning algorithms use bootstrapping, i.e. they update the value function toward a learning target using value estimates at subsequent time-steps. Alternatively, the value function can be updated toward a learning target constructed by separately predicting successor features (SF)—a policy-dependent model—and linearly combining them with instantaneous rewards. We focus on bootstrapping targets used when estimating value functions, and propose a new backup target, the η-return mixture, which implicitly combines value-predictive knowledge (used by TD methods) with (successor) feature-predictive knowledge—with a parameter η capturing how much to rely on each. We illustrate that incorporating predictive knowledge through an ηγ-discounted SF model makes more efficient use of sampled experience, compared to either extreme, i.e. bootstrapping entirely on the value function estimate, or bootstrapping on the product of separately estimated successor features and instantaneous reward models. We empirically show this approach leads to faster policy evaluation and better control performance, for tabular and nonlinear function approximations, indicating scalability and generality. Copyright © 2022, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： learning algorithms

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The role of help-seeking from ChatGPT in digital game-based learning

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ETR&D-EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 2025年 1-19页

作者： Chen, Ching-Huei Law, Victor Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ Ctr Teacher Educ 70 Lien Hai Rd Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Natl Sun Yat sen Univ Inst Educ 70 Lien hai Rd Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Univ New Mexico Program Org Informat & Learning Sci Albuquerque NM USA

This study explores the roles of students' help-seeking profiles when seeking help from AI chatbots, specifically ChatGPT, in a digital game-based learning environment, Summon of Magicrystal. The study involved 102 middle school students who played an online game with the provision of ChatGPT and sought help from ChatGPT while solving physics problems. The results revealed that students' help-seeking profiles, help-seeking threats, help-seeking avoidance, and instrumental help-seeking were positively correlated. Students' instrumental help-seeking profile has a positive effect on game performance/engagement, while students' avoidance help-seeking profile has a positive effect on the number of game attempts. The findings highlight the importance of students' help-seeking profiles when considering designing AI-assisted game-based learning environments to better support students' science learning.

关键词： ChatGPT Help-seeking profiles Digital game-based learning Game performance

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