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Relationships between constructivist learning environment perceptions, conceptions of learning biology and achievement goal orientations

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Journal of Biological Education 2024年第1期58卷 101-118页

作者： Sadi, Ozlem Lee, Min-Hsien Department of Primary Education Faculty of Education Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Karaman Turkey Program of Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between Turkish high school students’ perceptions of learning environment, conceptions of learning biology and achievement goal orientations. In order to determine the relation among these three sets of variables, canonical correlation analyses were conducted. A total of 398 high school students participated in this survey. In line with the purpose of the study, three measurement tools (Constructivist learning Environment Survey, Conceptions of learning Biology Scale and Achievement Goal Orientations Scale) were employed. The results of the analysis have shown that the relationship between these three sets of variables is meaningful. Based on these findings, the possibility that both Turkish high school students’ perceptions of learning environment and achievement goal orientations are statistically influential in their conceptions of learning was discussed in the light of the related literature. © 2022 Royal Society of Biology.

关键词： achievement goal orientations conceptions of learning Constructivist learning environment

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Elephant Tusks and Natural Selection: Leveraging Naive Student Models to Identify and Address Misconceptions Surrounding Biological Evolution

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AMERICAN BIOLOGY TEACHER 2024年第2期86卷 94-100页

作者： Kidd, Aaron E. De Jesus, Daniel J. Poor, Sarah, V Oklahoma State Univ Dept Integrat Biol ON RaMP Program Stillwater OK 74077 USA Texas A&M Univ Dept Teaching Learning & Culture College Stn TX 77843 USA

Evolutionary theory is foundational to the life sciences because it unifies complex ecological principles and explains variation observed between and within species. Students at the secondary level often lack deep conceptual understanding of evolutionary theory, which is crucial to grasp topics related to primary drivers within populations such as inter- and intra-specific competition, predation, and reproductive success. Nonetheless, evolution remains a contentious topic in the United States. The prevalence of pseudoscientific belief among the U.S. populace warrants a calculated approach to deconstructing student misconceptions. This article puts forth an action-research-supported instructional strategy through which educators can identify and address core student misconceptions regarding evolutionary theory and other complex scientific phenomena, utilizing real-world and student-generated models to drive instruction.

关键词： Evolution Misconceptions Modeling

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Twisted knowledge construction on X/Twitter: an analysis of constructivist sensemaking on social media leading to political radicalization

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INFORMATION AND learning SCIENCES 2024年第9期125卷 693-719页

作者： Russo, Renato Blikstein, Paulo Literat, Ioana Columbia Univ Teachers Coll Dept Math Sci & Technol Program Commun Media & Learning Technol Design New York NY 10027 USA

PurposeThis study aims to identify how Brazilian followers of an X/Twitter profile engage in theory-building processes leading up to the January 8, 2023 riots in Brasilia, the Brazilian capital. This paper seeks to understand how cognitive and sociocultural processes weave together to weaponize collective knowledge construction that, in isolation, could be seen as virtuous but, in specific contexts, might lead to radicalization. Design/methodology/approachThis study uses qualitative content analysis of comments on ambiguous X/Twitter posts published by a conspiratorial profile associated with former President Jair Bolsonaro. Content was published in the three weeks that preceded the coup d'etat attempt by Bolsonaro supporters on January 8, 2023. FindingsFindings point to users' resorting to intuitive knowledge to support sensemaking processes in their search for subliminal meanings in tweets. That includes, for example, attempts to crack binary code-encrypted messages. This study also identified practices of cross-media sourcing, where users collect evidence from alternative social media channels to interpret messages containing verbal and visual information. Finally, this study found that religious symbols are often instrumentalized and become a lens through which followers organize information to integrate with their existing knowledge and assumptions. Research limitations/implicationsWith this work, the authors build on existing scholarship on epistemologies used by conspiratorial and radicalized groups as they engage in systematic sensemaking and often refer to religion to interpret messages that motivate extreme political position-taking. This study addresses a similar phenomenon as it unfolds in an understudied geographical context (Brazil) and seeks to demonstrate how individuals engage in collective sensemaking practices. The authors hope that their findings inform educators as they explore the affordances of social media to foster positive collective learni

关键词： Social media Reasoning Global south Media literacy

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Reading alphabetic and nonalphabetic writing systems: A case study of bilingual teachers' reading processes through eye movement miscue analysis

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JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT & ADULT LITERACY 2024年第3期68卷 223-233页

作者： Wang, Yang Arslan-Ari, Ismahan Hao, Ling Hwang, Kyungjin Univ South Carolina Dept Teacher Educ Language & Literacy Columbia SC 29208 USA Univ South Carolina Learning Design & Technol Program Columbia SC USA Illinois State Univ Sch Teaching & Learning Normal IL USA

This case study investigates the reading processes of two bilingual teachers who speak English as a second language and use different first languages-Mandarin Chinese and Korean. The two participants read researcher-selected digital texts in English and in their respective first language, retold the texts, and answered comprehension questions about the texts. Their reading aloud and eye movements were recorded for miscue and eye movement analysis. Using Eye Movement Miscue Analysis, the findings showcase the distinctive characteristics of their first-language and second-language reading processes. The cross-linguistic comparison between bilingual reading processes further shows the bilingual participants' similarities and differences in terms of the use of language systems, eye movements, language variations, and image use. This study supports the understanding of non-Roman alphabetical language speakers' reading process, adds to our understanding of the bilingual reading process, and provides teaching and research implications for bilingual teachers and educators.

关键词： bilingual reading process eye movement miscue analysis L1 reading L2 reading non-Roman alphabetical orthographies

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Enhancing programming learning performance through a Jigsaw collaborative learning method in a metaverse virtual space

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International Journal of STEM Education 2024年第1期11卷 36页

作者： Chen, Chih-Ming Huang, Ming-Yan Graduate Institute of Library Information and Archival Studies National Chengchi University E-Learning Master Program of Library and Information Studies National Chengchi University

Background: Computational thinking (CT) is crucial to fostering critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Many elementary schools have been cultivating students’ CT through block-based programming languages such as Scratch using traditional teacher-centered teaching methods. However, the approach excessively relies on teacher lectures, so the teacher’s teaching load is hefty, and most students cannot receive timely assistance from teachers, thus reducing students’ programming learning performance, interest, and confidence. Therefore, this study designs a Jigsaw collaborative learning method implemented in a metaverse virtual space (JCLM-MVS) for peer-to-peer Scratch programming learning to promote learners’ programming learning performance, CT, and learning attitudes. This study used a quasi-experimental research method, with 48 fifth-grade students from two classes in Taiwan’s elementary school as the research participants. One class of 24 students was randomly assigned to the experimental group using JCLM-MVS to conduct Scratch programming learning, whereas the other class of 24 students was assigned to the control group using the traditional teacher-centered teaching method. Main findings: The study found that the experimental group of learners showed significantly better Scratch programming learning performance and attitude than the control group, and there was no statistically significant difference in CT between both groups, but both learning approaches effectively promoted CT. Additionally, the interview results showed that most interviewees stated that using JCLM-MVS for Scratch programming learning could receive timely assistance from peers, make collaborative learning more efficient and learning more enjoyable, and more intend to use JCLM-MVS for Scratch programming learning than using traditional teacher-centered teaching method due to the effective collaborative interaction mechanisms and realistic learning space provided in the metaverse virtual spa

关键词： Computational thinking Jigsaw collaborative learning method learning attitude Metaverse virtual space programming learning

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Epistemic Network Analysis of Students’ Drawings to Investigate Their Conceptions of Science learning with Technology

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Journal of Science Education and Technology 2023年第2期32卷 267-283页

作者： Chang, Hsin-Yi Tsai, Chin-Chung Program of Learning Sciences and Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University #162 Sec.1 Heping E. Rd. Taipei City 106 Taiwan

The study employed epistemic network analysis (ENA) to investigate students’ conceptions of science learning with technology. One-hundred and eleven tenth-grade students were asked to express via drawings their conceptions of experienced and ideal learning of science with technology. Their drawings were coded into 20 elements in seven categories. ENA was then employed to generate and compare network models that show structures of the students’ conceptions. The results suggest that the students’ conceptions are diverse and connected. It was found that (1) the students’ conceptions of experienced and ideal learning of science with technology were significantly different, (2) the students who emphasized understanding as the main goal of science learning were better able to envision ideal learning of science with technology in light of how innovative technology can be used to enhance learning experiences, (3) the students who emphasized testing showed conceptions of science learning with technology limited to inside classrooms, and (4) the students who emphasized both understanding and testing demonstrated a pragmatic view of science learning and paid more attention to the affordances and effects of technology. Implications include that the potential of technology has yet to be fully taken advantage of to support science learning and that specific learning experiences may be tailored for students to address or broaden their conceptions of learning. The study may contribute to research by introducing new analysis methods of combining ENA with drawings and to theory and practice by revisiting theoretical frameworks of learning environments based on understanding of students’ conceptions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

关键词： Conceptions of learning Drawing Epistemic network analysis Science learning with technology

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Prototyping Various MPPT Techniques Used in Wind Energy Conversion Systems for Response Time Monitoring

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OPTIMAL CONTROL APPLICATIONS & METHODS 2025年第0期

作者： Kawashty, Amro A. Abdellatif, Sameh O. Ebrahim, Gamal A. Ghali, Hani A. British Univ Egypt BUE Fac Engn Renewable Energy Program Ctr Emerging Learning Technol CELTFabLab Cairo Egypt British Univ Egypt BUE Fac Engn Elect Engn Dept Cairo Egypt British Univ Egypt BUE Ctr Emerging Learning Technol CELT FabLab Cairo Egypt Ain Shams Univ Fac Engn Comp & Syst Engn Dept Cairo Egypt

This paper focuses on prototyping various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques used in wind energy conversion systems (WECS) for response time monitoring. MPPT plays a crucial role in optimizing the power extraction from wind turbines by dynamically adjusting their operating conditions to track the maximum power point. The response time of an MPPT algorithm determines how quickly it can adapt to changes in wind conditions and maximize power output. In this study, we implement and compare multiple MPPT techniques on an emulated WECS. Several commonly used MPPT techniques, such as perturb and observe (P&O), incremental conductance (IncCond), and tip speed ratio (TSR), are implemented and evaluated based on their response time. The response time metrics include settling time, overshoot, and steady-state error. The experimental setup allows for real-time data acquisition and analysis of the different MPPT techniques' performance under dynamic wind profiles. The acquired data is analyzed to assess each algorithm's response time and impact on the system's power output and stability. The results obtained from the prototyping experiments provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of different MPPT techniques in terms of their response time characteristics. Additionally, the results concluded the applicability of indirect methods for implementation using low processing capability Arduino chip rather than the direct one. Only 6.3 ms was needed by TSR to adopt the dynamic variation in wind speed, while 16.27 ms was observed in IncCond.

关键词： complexity maximum power point MPPT efficiency response time wind energy system

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Antenatal Administration of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Improves Lung Function in Neonatal Rats With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

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JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2024年第9期59卷 1771-1777页

作者： Figueira, Rebeca L. Khoshgoo, Naghmeh Doktor, Fabian Khalaj, Kasra Islam, Tasneem Moheimani, Nazgol Blundell, Matisse Antounians, Lina Post, Martin Zani, Augusto Hosp Sick Children Peter Gilgan Ctr Res & Learning Dev & Stem Cell Biol Program Toronto ON Canada Hosp Sick Children Div Gen & Thorac Surg 1524C 555 Univ Ave Toronto ON M5G 1X8 Canada Hosp Sick Children Peter Gilgan Ctr Res & Learning Translat Med Program Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Surg Toronto ON Canada

Background: The severity of pulmonary hypoplasia is a main determinant of outcome for babies with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Antenatal administration of extracellular vesicles derived from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC-EVs) has been shown to rescue morphological features of lung development in the rat nitrofen model of CDH. Herein, we evaluated whether AFSC-EV administration to fetal rats with CDH is associated with neonatal improvement in lung function. Methods: AFSC-EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized by size, morphology, and canonical marker expression. At embryonic (E) day 9.5, dams were gavaged with olive oil (control) or nitrofen to induce CDH. At E18.5, fetuses received an intra-amniotic injection of either saline or AFSCEVs. At E21.5, rats were delivered and subjected to a tracheostomy for mechanical ventilation (flexiVent system). Groups were compared for lung compliance, resistance, Newtonian resistance, tissue damping and elastance. Lungs were evaluated for branching morphogenesis and collagen quantification. Results: Compared to healthy control, saline-treated pups with CDH had fewer airspaces, more collagen deposition, and functionally exhibited reduced compliance and increased airway resistance, elastance, and tissue damping. Conversely, AFSC-EV administration resulted in improvement of lung mechanics (compliance, resistance, tissue damping, elastance) as well as lung branching morphogenesis and collagen deposition. Conclusions: Our studies show that the rat nitrofen model reproduces lung function impairment similar to that of human babies with CDH. Antenatal administration of AFSC-EVs improves lung morphology and function in neonatal rats with CDH. Level of Evidence: N/A (animal and laboratory study). (c) 2024 Published by Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Exosomes Regenerative medicine Lung development Pulmonary hypertension Respiratory distress syndrome

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Making sense of work: finding meaning in work narratives

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JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2022年第5期28卷 1057-1077页

作者： Scott, Kimberly S. Northwestern Univ Masters Learning & Org Change MSLOC Program Evanston IL 60208 USA Northwestern Univ Execut Learning & Org Change ELOC Program Evanston IL 60208 USA

This study examined how individuals make sense of their work narratives - autobiographical stories about their work lives - and the implications for individual well-being. A mixed methods approach was used to investigate relationships between meaning making, pathways to meaningfulness, job characteristics, job involvement, and psychological well-being. Survey responses and narrative themes from life story interviews were collected from 119 adults. A narrative coding scheme was developed to identify pathways to meaningful work. Results show that people made sense of their work lives most often by constructing themes about personal agency. The findings support prior research suggesting that socioeconomic factors, access to resources, and working conditions increase the likelihood of finding and benefiting from meaningful work. For individuals wishing to find meaning in their work, job design characteristics (e.g., decision authority, skill discretion), and developing a sense of agency can be levers for fostering meaning and well-being.

关键词： mixed methods sensemaking work-related attitudes behaviors well-being and psychosocial risk factors

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Human–robot interface design–the ‘Robot with a Tablet’ or ‘Robot only’, which one is better?

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Behaviour and Information Technology 2023年第10期42卷 1590-1603页

作者： Hu, Chih-Chien Yang, Yu-Fen Chen, Nian-Shing Department of Information Management Tatung University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Applied Foreign Languages National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Douliou Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences and Program of Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei City Taiwan

The new era of integrating robots with artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things has provided huge potential for service robots to play important roles in our daily lives. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate whether a robot should have a separate device to incorporate digital content or use its face to toggle between facial expressions and digital content. From the human–robot interface (HRI) design perspective, a robot with a tablet obviously is closer to a real human teacher using a tablet while teaching students in a classroom. However, limited research has been done to explore such HRI design and its impacts on human behaviours. A robot-facilitated storytelling learning system was developed in this study to evaluate the impact of HRI design on college students’ learning behaviours in two different conditions: ‘Robot with Tablet’ or ‘Robot only’. The results revealed that both learning conditions of HRI design benefited college students from knowledge acquisition of vocabulary and comprehension of story content. Furthermore, ‘Robot only’ which is more cost-effective was found to be as good as that of ‘Robot with Tablet’ for the students in terms of knowledge acquisition, cognitive load and learning fatigue. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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