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Epistemic Network Analysis of Students’ Drawings to Investigate Their Conceptions of Science learning with Technology

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Journal of Science Education and Technology 2023年第2期32卷 267-283页

作者： Chang, Hsin-Yi Tsai, Chin-Chung Program of Learning Sciences and Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University #162 Sec.1 Heping E. Rd. Taipei City 106 Taiwan

The study employed epistemic network analysis (ENA) to investigate students’ conceptions of science learning with technology. One-hundred and eleven tenth-grade students were asked to express via drawings their conceptions of experienced and ideal learning of science with technology. Their drawings were coded into 20 elements in seven categories. ENA was then employed to generate and compare network models that show structures of the students’ conceptions. The results suggest that the students’ conceptions are diverse and connected. It was found that (1) the students’ conceptions of experienced and ideal learning of science with technology were significantly different, (2) the students who emphasized understanding as the main goal of science learning were better able to envision ideal learning of science with technology in light of how innovative technology can be used to enhance learning experiences, (3) the students who emphasized testing showed conceptions of science learning with technology limited to inside classrooms, and (4) the students who emphasized both understanding and testing demonstrated a pragmatic view of science learning and paid more attention to the affordances and effects of technology. Implications include that the potential of technology has yet to be fully taken advantage of to support science learning and that specific learning experiences may be tailored for students to address or broaden their conceptions of learning. The study may contribute to research by introducing new analysis methods of combining ENA with drawings and to theory and practice by revisiting theoretical frameworks of learning environments based on understanding of students’ conceptions. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.

关键词： Conceptions of learning Drawing Epistemic network analysis Science learning with technology

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Development of a virtual teaching module for advanced semiconductor fabrication and its learning effectiveness analysis

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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION 2024年第6期32卷

作者： Tarng, Wernhuar Huang, Jen-Kai Shu, Jen-Chu Lin, Yu-Hsuan Chang, Ting-Yun Jwo, Hsin-Yu Tang, Chun-Wei Natl Tsing Hua Univ Inst Learning Sci & Technol 101Sect 2Kuang Fu Rd Hsinchu 300044 Taiwan Natl Yang Ming Chiao Tung Univ Grad Degree Program Robot Hsinchu Taiwan

Semiconductor fabrication is the process of manufacturing semiconductor devices, typically integrated circuits (ICs) such as microprocessors and memory. This involves transferring circuit diagrams onto a silicon wafer using photomasks and photoresists. After a series of fabrication processes, ICs are created on the wafer surface and then diced into individual chips, which are packaged and tested with quality control procedures to become the final products. Virtual reality (VR) simulates imaginary experiences or environments difficult to achieve in the real world through human senses and immersive equipment, allowing users to interact in a virtual 3D space in real time, making it well suited for applications in science education and industrial training. This study transforms the essential knowledge of advanced semiconductor manufacturing processes into an easily understandable virtual teaching module, thereby creating educational resources for high school and college students. The objective is to enhance their scientific and technological literacy, yielding substantial benefits for the general public. This study utilized VR technology to simplify and clarify the knowledge about the semiconductor manufacturing process, making it more engaging for learners. The virtual teaching module's learning content includes an overview of wafer preparation, semiconductor fabrication, chip packaging, and IC testing. Users can interact with the virtual teaching module and conduct virtual experiments to enhance their understanding by trial and error. Experimental results show that it can improve students' learning achievement and learning motivation. Therefore, the virtual teaching module is suitable for high-school students and the general public to understand semiconductor technology and its applications. The effectiveness of the virtual teaching module is heavily dependent on the availability and quality of VR hardware and software. Limited access to advanced VR equipment or techn

关键词： learning effectiveness packaging and testing semiconductor manufacturing process virtual reality wafer fabrication

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Prototyping Various MPPT Techniques Used in Wind Energy Conversion Systems for Response Time Monitoring

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OPTIMAL CONTROL APPLICATIONS & METHODS 2025年

作者： Kawashty, Amro A. Abdellatif, Sameh O. Ebrahim, Gamal A. Ghali, Hani A. British Univ Egypt BUE Fac Engn Renewable Energy Program Ctr Emerging Learning Technol CELTFabLab Cairo Egypt British Univ Egypt BUE Fac Engn Elect Engn Dept Cairo Egypt British Univ Egypt BUE Ctr Emerging Learning Technol CELT FabLab Cairo Egypt Ain Shams Univ Fac Engn Comp & Syst Engn Dept Cairo Egypt

This paper focuses on prototyping various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques used in wind energy conversion systems (WECS) for response time monitoring. MPPT plays a crucial role in optimizing the power extraction from wind turbines by dynamically adjusting their operating conditions to track the maximum power point. The response time of an MPPT algorithm determines how quickly it can adapt to changes in wind conditions and maximize power output. In this study, we implement and compare multiple MPPT techniques on an emulated WECS. Several commonly used MPPT techniques, such as perturb and observe (P&O), incremental conductance (IncCond), and tip speed ratio (TSR), are implemented and evaluated based on their response time. The response time metrics include settling time, overshoot, and steady-state error. The experimental setup allows for real-time data acquisition and analysis of the different MPPT techniques' performance under dynamic wind profiles. The acquired data is analyzed to assess each algorithm's response time and impact on the system's power output and stability. The results obtained from the prototyping experiments provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of different MPPT techniques in terms of their response time characteristics. Additionally, the results concluded the applicability of indirect methods for implementation using low processing capability Arduino chip rather than the direct one. Only 6.3 ms was needed by TSR to adopt the dynamic variation in wind speed, while 16.27 ms was observed in IncCond.

关键词： complexity maximum power point MPPT efficiency response time wind energy system

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Antenatal Administration of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Improves Lung Function in Neonatal Rats With Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

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JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2024年第9期59卷 1771-1777页

作者： Figueira, Rebeca L. Khoshgoo, Naghmeh Doktor, Fabian Khalaj, Kasra Islam, Tasneem Moheimani, Nazgol Blundell, Matisse Antounians, Lina Post, Martin Zani, Augusto Hosp Sick Children Peter Gilgan Ctr Res & Learning Dev & Stem Cell Biol Program Toronto ON Canada Hosp Sick Children Div Gen & Thorac Surg 1524C 555 Univ Ave Toronto ON M5G 1X8 Canada Hosp Sick Children Peter Gilgan Ctr Res & Learning Translat Med Program Toronto ON Canada Univ Toronto Dept Surg Toronto ON Canada

Background: The severity of pulmonary hypoplasia is a main determinant of outcome for babies with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Antenatal administration of extracellular vesicles derived from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC-EVs) has been shown to rescue morphological features of lung development in the rat nitrofen model of CDH. Herein, we evaluated whether AFSC-EV administration to fetal rats with CDH is associated with neonatal improvement in lung function. Methods: AFSC-EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized by size, morphology, and canonical marker expression. At embryonic (E) day 9.5, dams were gavaged with olive oil (control) or nitrofen to induce CDH. At E18.5, fetuses received an intra-amniotic injection of either saline or AFSCEVs. At E21.5, rats were delivered and subjected to a tracheostomy for mechanical ventilation (flexiVent system). Groups were compared for lung compliance, resistance, Newtonian resistance, tissue damping and elastance. Lungs were evaluated for branching morphogenesis and collagen quantification. Results: Compared to healthy control, saline-treated pups with CDH had fewer airspaces, more collagen deposition, and functionally exhibited reduced compliance and increased airway resistance, elastance, and tissue damping. Conversely, AFSC-EV administration resulted in improvement of lung mechanics (compliance, resistance, tissue damping, elastance) as well as lung branching morphogenesis and collagen deposition. Conclusions: Our studies show that the rat nitrofen model reproduces lung function impairment similar to that of human babies with CDH. Antenatal administration of AFSC-EVs improves lung morphology and function in neonatal rats with CDH. Level of Evidence: N/A (animal and laboratory study). (c) 2024 Published by Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Exosomes Regenerative medicine Lung development Pulmonary hypertension Respiratory distress syndrome

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Making sense of work: finding meaning in work narratives

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JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT & ORGANIZATION 2022年第5期28卷 1057-1077页

作者： Scott, Kimberly S. Northwestern Univ Masters Learning & Org Change MSLOC Program Evanston IL 60208 USA Northwestern Univ Execut Learning & Org Change ELOC Program Evanston IL 60208 USA

This study examined how individuals make sense of their work narratives - autobiographical stories about their work lives - and the implications for individual well-being. A mixed methods approach was used to investigate relationships between meaning making, pathways to meaningfulness, job characteristics, job involvement, and psychological well-being. Survey responses and narrative themes from life story interviews were collected from 119 adults. A narrative coding scheme was developed to identify pathways to meaningful work. Results show that people made sense of their work lives most often by constructing themes about personal agency. The findings support prior research suggesting that socioeconomic factors, access to resources, and working conditions increase the likelihood of finding and benefiting from meaningful work. For individuals wishing to find meaning in their work, job design characteristics (e.g., decision authority, skill discretion), and developing a sense of agency can be levers for fostering meaning and well-being.

关键词： mixed methods sensemaking work-related attitudes behaviors well-being and psychosocial risk factors

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Human–robot interface design–the ‘Robot with a Tablet’ or ‘Robot only’, which one is better?

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Behaviour and Information Technology 2023年第10期42卷 1590-1603页

作者： Hu, Chih-Chien Yang, Yu-Fen Chen, Nian-Shing Department of Information Management Tatung University Taipei City Taiwan Department of Applied Foreign Languages National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Douliou Taiwan Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences and Program of Learning Sciences National Taiwan Normal University Taipei City Taiwan

The new era of integrating robots with artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things has provided huge potential for service robots to play important roles in our daily lives. Therefore, it is interesting to investigate whether a robot should have a separate device to incorporate digital content or use its face to toggle between facial expressions and digital content. From the human–robot interface (HRI) design perspective, a robot with a tablet obviously is closer to a real human teacher using a tablet while teaching students in a classroom. However, limited research has been done to explore such HRI design and its impacts on human behaviours. A robot-facilitated storytelling learning system was developed in this study to evaluate the impact of HRI design on college students’ learning behaviours in two different conditions: ‘Robot with Tablet’ or ‘Robot only’. The results revealed that both learning conditions of HRI design benefited college students from knowledge acquisition of vocabulary and comprehension of story content. Furthermore, ‘Robot only’ which is more cost-effective was found to be as good as that of ‘Robot with Tablet’ for the students in terms of knowledge acquisition, cognitive load and learning fatigue. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Has Latin America achieved universal health coverage yet? Lessons from four countries

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ARCHIVES OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2022年第1期80卷 1-11页

作者： Gilardino, Ramiro E. Valanzasca, Pilar Rifkin, Susan B. Univ London Distance Learning Program Hlth Serv Res London Sch Hyg & Trop Med London England

Background Seven years after the commitment to United Nations' call for Universal Health Coverage, healthcare services in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico are generally accessible and affordable;but they still struggle to meet population health demands and address the rising health care costs. We aim to describe measures taken by these four countries to commit by Universal Health Coverage, addressing their barriers and challenges. Methods Scoping literature review, supplemented with targeted stakeholders survey. Results The four countries analysed achieved an overall index of essential coverage of 76-77%, and households out of pocket health expenditures fall below 25%. Services coverage was improved by expanding access to primary healthcare systems and coverage for non-communicable diseases, while provided community outreach by the increase in the number of skilled healthcare workers. New pharmaceutical support programs provided access to treatments for chronic conditions at zero cost, while high-costs drugs and cancer treatments were partially guaranteed. However, the countries lack with effective financial protection mechanisms, that continue to increase out of pocket expenditure as noted by lowest financial protection scores, and lack of effective financial mechanisms besides cash transfers. Conclusions Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico have made progress towards UHC. Although, better financial protection is urgently required.

关键词： Universal health coverage Latin America Health systems Healthcare access Primary healthcare Healthcare financing

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Ground-truthed and high-resolution drone images of the leafy spurge weed plant (Euphorbia esula)

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SCIENTIFIC DATA 2025年第1期12卷 1-7页

作者： Doherty, Kyle Gurinas, Max Samsoe, Erik Casper, Charles Larkin, Beau Ramsey, Philip Trabucco, Brandon Salakhutdinov, Ruslan MPG Ranch Aerial Survey Program Missoula MT 59833 USA Univ Chicago Lab Sch Chicago IL USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Dept Machine Learning Pittsburgh PA USA

This dataset comprises 1.3 cm resolution aerial images of grasslands in western Montana, USA, captured by a commercial drone. Many scenes contain leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula), introduced to North America, now widespread in rangeland ecosystems, which is highly invasive and damaging to crop production and biodiversity. Technicians surveyed 1000 points in the study area, noting spurge presence or absence, and recorded each point's position with precision global navigation satellite systems. We cropped tiles from an orthomosaic image at these locations. We publicly release these images and metadata as a Hugging Face Dataset, accessible in one line of code. Our aim is to invite the research community to develop classifiers as early warning systems for spurge invasion. We tested classification performance for two contemporary vision models and achieved 0.85 test accuracy. This demonstrates the feasibility yet difficulty of this classification task.

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Centering community building to facilitate transformative change for new teachers: An action research study

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ACTION RESEARCH 2023年第1期21卷 81-103页

作者： Gilbertson, Erica Nicolaides, Aliki Univ Georgia Mary Frances Early Coll Educ Learning Leadership & Org Dev Program Athens GA USA Univ Georgia Mary Frances Early Coll Educ Learning Leadership & Org Dev Program 850 Coll Stn RdRivers Crossing Athens GA 30602 USA

In the context of increasingly complex challenges facing 21st century school systems, action research has incredible potential to help leaders address persistent problems and implement context-specific, sustainable solutions. Just as powerful, the action research process can be transformative for the individuals, groups, and organization involved. The authors, a doctoral candidate and associate professor, illustrate these concepts by sharing experiences leading an action research study that tackled the problem of high teacher turnover in a school-university partnership context. The article focuses primarily on the constructing phase of the action research cycle, in which the school-university partnership action research team becomes a learning community. The authors offer practical advice for building trusting relationships and share the story of how this team experienced individual and group transformation while designing innovative new teacher support through the action research process.

关键词： action research learning community school-university partnership transformation

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Using a diagrammatic approach to reveal variations in students’ instructional representations about the five kingdoms in biology between two cultural groups

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International Journal of Science Education 2025年第2期47卷 147-172页

作者： Ge, Yun-Ping Yang, Wen-Jin Tam, Hak-Ping International Master’s Program of Learning & Instruction National Taipei University of Education Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Sciences Education National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan

This study based on cognitive and social semiotic theories investigates whether the influence of specific features of instructional representation from adolescent textbook images could last until adulthood in certain cultures. Two cultural groups, Indonesian (n = 61) and Taiwanese (n = 60) college students, were recruited from a public Taiwanese university. Reading an essay about how the biological five kingdoms were classified served as the foundation for student-generated drawings. Semi-structured interviews and verbal data were used to track the origin of influences in their drawings. The initial result of coding drawings revealed that most of the drawing structures were shared between groups while only the design of Evolution, revealing sequential taxa in the evolution history, was Taiwanese-specific. Further statistic testing indicated that only participants’ nationality was a significant factor in determining the drawing structure while pedagogical content knowledge is not. A comparison of these results indicated that most Taiwanese representations agreed with that of the non-hierarchical design used in their prior textbook while the Indonesian representations agreed with the hierarchical design of their textbook. The results suggest that there are several competing factors interfering with the decision about image design. Suggestions for teacher education and further study are addressed. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： cross-cultural comparison Diagrammatic approach visual representation

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