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International Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine and Biology

作者： B. Cho T. Schuster X. Zhu D. Chang G.D. Smith S. Takayama Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Urology University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Department of Urology Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Department of Physiology Reproductive Sciences Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA Macromolecular Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA

In vitro fertilization using small amounts of cryopreserved sperm would benefit from efficient microscale methods to sort "healthy" motile sperm from nonmotile ones. This paper describes a microfluidic system with embedded reservoirs that sorts sperm based on the ability of motile sperm to move out of their initial streamlines in a laminar fluid stream. The device has horizontally oriented sample inlet and outlet reservoirs with different relative heights that serve the dual purpose of also being a pumping system that pumps fluids by hydrostatic pressure and surface tension. Sperm sorting is necessary for cryopreservation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection of sperm from men with low viable sperm counts. Since they have few viable sperm, it is difficult to obtain the sperm in an efficient manner using current procedures.

关键词： Microfluidics Sorting Fluid flow Biomedical engineering Reservoirs Pumps Cancer Diseases Microorganisms Humans

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Pressure-Tunable Photonic Band Gaps in an Entropic Colloidal Crystal

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Cersonsky, Rose K. Dshemuchadse, Julia Antonaglia, James Anders, Greg Van Glotzer, Sharon C. Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48104 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Materials adopting the diamond structure possess useful properties in atomic and colloidal systems, and are a popular target for synthesis in colloids where a photonic band gap is possible. The desirable photonic properties of the diamond structure pose an interesting opportunity for reconfigurable matter: Can we create a colloidal crystal able to switch reversibly to and from the diamond structure? Drawing inspiration from highpressure transitions of diamond-forming atomic systems, we design a system of polyhedrally-shaped particles that transitions from diamond to a tetragonal diamond derivative upon a small pressure change. The transition can alternatively be triggered by changing the shape of the particle in-situ. We propose that the transition provides a reversible reconfiguration process for a potential new colloidal material, and draw parallels between this transition and phase behavior of the atomic transitions from which we take inspiration. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diamonds

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Synthesis and microstructural characterization of POSS-based triblock copolymers prepared using atom transfer radical polymerization

American Chemical Society, Polymer Preprints, Division of Po...

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American Chemical Society, Polymer Preprints, Division of Polymer Chemistry 2000年第1期41卷 582-583页

作者： Mather, Patrick T. Chun, Seung B. Pyun, Jeffrey Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof Jeon, Hong G. Polymer Program Institute of Materials Science University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269-3136 United States Ctr. for Macromolecular Engineering Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Systran Corp. AFRL/MLBP Wright Patterson AFB Dayton OH 45433-7750 United States

A polyhedral silsesquioxane (POSS)-methacrylate and poly(n-butyl acrylate) triblock copolymer (poly(MA-POSS)-b-BA-b-(MA-POSS)) prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) were synthesized and characterized. The molecular weight and composition of the triblock copolymer was determined from size exclusion chromatography and H NMR spectroscopy. The study aims to develop an understanding of the thermoplastic elastomeric properties as influenced by hard-block interactions and nanometer-scale organization in the materials.

关键词： Block copolymers

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Neues von Kaffeeringen

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Angewandte Chemie 2012年第11期124卷

作者： Ronald G. Larson Depts. of Chemical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering and Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48103 (USA)

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Spatial dependence of polycyclic aromatic compounds growth in counterflow flames

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Wang, Qi Elvati, Paolo Kim, Doohyun Olof Johansson, K. Schrader, Paul E. Michelsen, Hope A. Wilson, Kevin R. Violi, Angela Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan 2350 Hayward St. 2250 G.G. Brown Ann ArborMI48109-2125 United States Combustion Research Facility Sandia National Laboratories LivermoreCA94550 United States Chemical Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Departments of Chemical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Macromolecular Science and Engineering Biophysics Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI United States

The formation mechanisms of aromatic compounds in flame are strongly influenced by the chemical and thermal history that leads to their formation. Indeed, the complex environments that characterize combustion systems do not only affect the composition of gas-phase species, but they also determine the structure and the characteristics of the soot precursors generated. To illustrate the importance of these effects, in this work we investigate the growth mechanisms of soot precursors in an atmospheric-pressure ethylene/oxygen/argon counterflow diffusion flame, using a combination of computational and experimental techniques. In diffusion flames, flow characteristics play an important role in the formation, growth, and oxidation of particles, and soot precursors are strongly affected by the flame location. Fluid dynamics simulations and stochastic discrete modeling were employed together to identify key reaction pathways along various flow streamlines. The models were validated with experimental mass spectra obtained using aerosol mass spectrometry coupled with vacuum-ultraviolet photoionization. Results show that both the hydrogen-abstraction-acetylene-addition mechanism and oxygen-insertion reactions are responsible for the molecular growth, and their relative importance is determined by the flame conditions along the streamlines. Oxygenated species were detected in regions of high temperature, high atomic oxygen concentration, and relatively low acetylene abundance. This study also emphasizes the need to model the counterflow flame in three dimensions to capture the spatial dependence on growth mechanisms of soot precursors. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ethylene

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Formation of a single quasicrystal upon collision of multiple grains

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Han, Insung Wang, Kelly L. Cadotte, Andrew T. Xi, Zhucong Parsamehr, Hadi Xiao, Xianghui Glotzer, Sharon C. Shahani, Ashwin J. Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States National Synchrotron Light Source-II Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973 United States Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Biointerfaces Institute University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States

Quasicrystals exhibit long-range order but lack translational symmetry. When grown as single crystals, they possess distinctive and unusual properties owing to the absence of grain boundaries. Unfortunately, conventional methods such as bulk crystal growth or thin film deposition only allow us to synthesize either polycrystalline quasicrystals or quasicrystals that are at most a few centimeters in size. Here, we reveal through real-time and 3D imaging the formation of a single decagonal quasicrystal arising from a hard collision between multiple growing quasicrystals in an Al-Co-Ni liquid. Through corresponding molecular dynamics simulations, we examine the underlying kinetics of quasicrystal coalescence and investigate the effects of initial misorientation between the growing quasicrystalline grains on the formation of grain boundaries. At small misorientation, coalescence occurs following rigid rotation that is facilitated by phasons. Our joint experimental-computational discovery paves the way toward fabrication of single, large-scale quasicrystals for novel applications. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quasicrystals

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Enhanced Drug Delivery by Dissolution of Amorphous Drug Encapsulated in a Water Unstable Metal–Organic Framework (MOF)

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Angewandte Chemie 2019年第47期131卷

作者： Kuthuru Suresh Adam J. Matzger Department of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan 930 North University Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109-1055 USA

Encapsulating a drug molecule into a water‐reactive metal–organic framework (MOF) leads to amorphous drug confined within the nanoscale pores. Rapid release of drug occurs upon hydrolytic decomposition of MOF in dissolution media. Application to improve dissolution and solubility for the hydrophobic small drug molecules curcumin, sulindac, and triamterene is demonstrated. The drug@MOF composites exhibit significantly enhanced dissolution and achieves high supersaturation in simulated gastric and/or phosphate buffer saline media. This combination strategy where MOF inhibits crystallization of the amorphous phase and then releases drug upon MOF irreversible structural collapse represents a novel and generalizable approach for drug delivery of poorly soluble compounds while overcoming the traditional weakness of amorphous drug delivery: physical instability of the amorphous form.

关键词： Amorphe Wirkstoffe Metall-organische Gerüste Sofortige Wirkstofffreisetzung Stabilität Wirkstofftransport

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Room‐Temperature Ferroelectricity in an Organic Cocrystal

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Angewandte Chemie 2018年第29期130卷

作者： Ren A. Wiscons N. Rajesh Goud Joshua T. Damron Adam J. Matzger Department of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan 930 North University Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109-1055 USA

Ferroelectric materials exhibit switchable remanent polarization due to reversible symmetry breaking under an applied electric field. Previous research has leveraged temperature‐induced neutral‐ionic transitions in charge‐transfer (CT) cocrystals to access ferroelectrics that operate through displacement of molecules under an applied field. However, displacive ferroelectric behavior is rare in organic CT cocrystals and achieving a Curie temperature ( T C ) above ambient has been elusive. Here a cocrystal between acenaphthene and 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluoro‐7,7,8,8‐tetracyanoquinodimethane is presented that shows switchable remanent polarization at room temperature ( T C =68 °C). Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and solid‐state NMR spectroscopy indicate the ferroelectric behavior is facilitated by acenaphthene (AN) rotation, deviating from conventional design strategies for CT ferroelectrics. These findings highlight the relevance of non‐CT interactions in the design of displacive ferroelectric cocrystals.

关键词： Ferroelektrika Kristall-engineering Ladungstransfer Organische Elektronik Polarisierung

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Microparticles: Small 3/2010

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Small 2010年第3期6卷

作者： Srijanani Bhaskar Kelly Marie Pollock Mutsumi Yoshida Joerg Lahann Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 (USA) Department of Chemical Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 (USA) Department of Chemical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 (USA) Departments of Chemical Engineering Materials Science and Engineering and Macromolecular Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 (USA)

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Unmasking a Third Polymorph of a Benchmark Crystal‐Structure‐Prediction Compound†

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Angewandte Chemie 2009年第45期121卷

作者： Saikat Roy Adam J. Matzger Department of Chemistry and the Macromolecular Science and Engineering Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109‐1055 (USA) Fax: (+1) 734‐615‐8853

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