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Localized Enzymatic Degradation of Polymers: Physics and Scaling Laws

Physical Review Applied 2018年第3期9卷 031001-031001页

作者： Shankar Lalitha Sridhar Franck Vernerey Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder 80309 CO United States Material Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Boulder 80309 CO United States

Biodegradable polymers are naturally abundant in living matter and have led to great advances in controlling environmental pollution due to synthetic polymer products, harnessing renewable energy from biofuels, and in the field of biomedicine. One of the most prevalent mechanisms of biodegradation involves enzyme-catalyzed depolymerization by biological agents. Despite numerous studies dedicated to understanding polymer biodegradation in different environments, a simple model that predicts the macroscopic behavior (mass and structural loss) in terms of microphysical processes (enzyme transport and reaction) is lacking. An interesting phenomenon occurs when an enzyme source (released by a biological agent) attacks a tight polymer mesh that restricts free diffusion. A fuzzy interface separating the intact and fully degraded polymer propagates away from the source and into the polymer as the enzymes diffuse and react in time. Understanding the characteristics of this interface will provide crucial insight into the biodegradation process and potential ways to precisely control it. In this work, we present a centrosymmetric model of biodegradation by characterizing the moving fuzzy interface in terms of its speed and width. The model predicts that the characteristics of this interface are governed by two time scales, namely the polymer degradation and enzyme transport times, which in turn depend on four main polymer and enzyme properties. A key finding of this work is simple scaling laws that can be used to guide biodegradation of polymers in different applications.

关键词： Chemical kinetics, dynamics & catalysis Polymer behavior Tissue engineering Enzymes Front propagation Hydrogels Polymer gels Reaction diffusion systems

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Anti-Reflective Coating for Flexible Devices Using Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique 23

Anti-Reflective Coating for Flexible Devices Using Plasma En...

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23rd International Conference on Optical MEMS and Nanophotonics, OMN 2018

作者： Monne, Mahmuda Akter Zaid, Almusaied Mia, Dalim Khanal, Jagadish Zakhidov, Alexender Chen, Maggie Yihong Material Science Engineering and Commercialization Program Texas State University San MarcosTX United States Ingram School of Engineering Texas State University San MarcosTX United States Department of Physics Texas State University San MarcosTX United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781509063727

In this work, high performance anti-reflective coating (ARC) is achieved using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) on the flexible substrate at 100°C, which is the lowest growth temperature reported so far. PECVD is used to deposit double-layer ARC (DLARC) of SiOx and SiNx (wavelengths between 600 nm and 700 nm) on nylon-6. Optical parameters of different deposited layers are controlled by varying gas flow ratio, growth temperature, and chamber pressure. It has been observed that the bare nylon-6 has a reflection of about 4% itself, and with the DLARC the reflection of light is reduced by about 50%. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Refractive index

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Extended Drude Model for Intraband-Transition-Induced Optical Nonlinearity

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Physical Review Applied 2019年第6期11卷 064062-064062页

作者： Heng Wang Kang Du Chuhao Jiang Zhiqiang Yang Lixia Ren Wending Zhang Soo Jin Chua Ting Mei MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an 710072 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 3 Singapore 117583 LEES Program Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research & Technology (SMART) 1 CREATE Way #10-01 CREATE Tower Singapore 138602

No existing model has completely explained the physics of the optical nonlinearity for epsilon-near-zero materials, which have recently emerged as candidates for design and fabrication of active nanophotonic devices. We propose to extend the Drude model by adopting a weighted electron effective mass, which takes into account the electron distribution in the nonparabolic conduction band. The extended Drude model is able to interpret the cause of the nonlinearity and provide a functional relationship between the refractive index and wavelength. Both the band nonparabolicity and the temperature-dependent mobility are responsible for the intraband-transition-induced optical nonlinearity. The spectrally resolved nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear susceptibilities are obtained from this model. The results can be applied to other transparent conducting oxides and will help in the design and modeling of spectral responses of nonlinear plasmonic devices.

关键词： Electronic transitions Nonlinear optical susceptibility Optoelectronics Plasmonics Ultrafast optics Thin films Free-electron model Ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy

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Evaluation of the Mechanical Behavior of a Direct Compression Molded Porous Tantalum-UHMWPE Construct: A Microstructural Model

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Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional materials 2018年第1期7卷 34 - 42页

作者： Juan Vivanco Zhibin Fang Danny Levine Heidi-Lynn Ploeg Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science Program University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI - USA Corporate Research and Development Zimmer Inc Warsaw IN - USA

Monoblock constructs, for example, porous tantalum and ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), offer an opportunity to combine the fixation properties of metal-backing and the wear properties of UHMWPE for ... 详细信息

关键词： Bone scaffold Microstructure Finite element analysis Cellular solids Voronoi model

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Erratum “15.9% organic tandem solar cell with extended near-infrared absorption” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 116, 153501 (2020)]

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Applied Physics Letters 2021年第21期118卷

作者： Xinjing Huang Bangjin Sun Yongxi Li Chao Jiang Dejiu Fan Jian Fan Stephen R. Forrest 1Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA 2Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China 3Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA 4Department of Physics and Material Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA

The authors regret that a related article was not cited in the original published article.1 In the first paragraph, the sentence “We introduce a surface treatme

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Erratum: “Two-dimensional porous graphitic carbon nitride C6N7 monolayer: First-principles calculations” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 119, 142102 (2021)]

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Applied Physics Letters 2022年第18期120卷

作者： A. Bafekry M. Faraji M. M. Fadlallah I. Abdolhosseini Sarsari H. R. Jappor S. Fazeli M. Ghergherehchi 1Department of Radiation Application Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran 2Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program TOBB University of Economics and Technology Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu 06560 Ankara Turkey 3Department of Physics Faculty of Science Benha University 13518 Benha Egypt 4Department of Physics Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran 5Department of Physics College of Education for Pure Sciences University of Babylon Hilla Iraq 6Department of Material Science and Engineering Sharif University of Technology PO Box 11155-9466 Tehran Iran 7Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University 16419 Suwon South Korea

The original article1 contains misprints in the values of the elastic parameters. The values of C11 = 258.6 GPa, C22 = 290.8 GPa, and C12 = 70.73 GPa and C13 =

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Low resistivity and high breakdown current density of 10-nm diameter van der waals tase3nanowires by chemical vapor deposition

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Empante, Thomas A. Martinez, Aimee Wurch, Michelle Zhu, Yanbing Geremew, Adane K. Yamaguchi, Koichi Isarraraz, Miguel Rumyantsev, Sergey Reed, Evan J. Balandin, Alexander A. Bartels, Ludwig Department of Chemistry and Material Science & Engineering Program University of California - Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA94304 United States Nano-Device Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California RiversideCA92521 United States Center for Terahertz Research and Applications Institute of High Pressure Physics Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw01-142 Poland

Micron-scale single-crystal nanowires of metallic TaSe3, a material that forms -Ta-Se3-TaSe3- stacks separated from one another by a tubular van der Waals (vdW) gap, have been synthesized using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a SiO2/Si substrate, in a process compatible with semiconductor industry requirements. Their electrical resistivity was found unaffected by downscaling from the bulk to as little as 7 nm in width and height, in striking contrast to the resistivity of copper for the same dimensions. While the bulk resistivity of TaSe3is substantially higher than that of bulk copper, at the nanometer scale the TaSe3wires become competitive to similar-sized copper ones. Moreover, we find that the vdW TaSe3nanowires sustain current densities in excess of 108A/cm2and feature an electromigration energy barrier twice that of copper. The results highlight the promise of quasi-onedimensional transition metal trichalcogenides for electronic interconnect applications and the potential of van der Waals materials for downscaled electronics. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Strength improvement of linerboard by wet-end application of sludge and black liquor

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Palpu Chongi Gisul/Journal of Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry 2018年第4期50卷 141-148页

作者： Choi, Kyoung-Hwa Lee, Jae-Hun Cho, Byoung-Uk Program of Paper Science and Engineering Division of Forest Material Science and Engineering College of Forest and Environmental Sciences Kangwon National University Chunchon Korea Republic of Changgang Institute of Paper Science and Technology Kangwon National University Chunchon Korea Republic of

In this study, effects of the wet-end addition of sludge and black liquor on strength properties of linerboard were investigated. Handsheets were prepared with old corrugated container (OCC) stock received from a linerboard mill and various dosages of sludge and black liquor based on dry pulp weight were added to the OCC stock with flocculants. Strength of OCC handsheet was initially increased with the addition of sludge without flocculants and black liquor and then passed through a maximum at 10% sludge addition. Without sludge, addition of flocculants into the OCC stock improved paper strength. However, paper strength was significantly decreased with sludge addition and the use of flocculants could not improved the decreased paper strength. Addition of black liquor to sludge with flocculants improved paper strength, especially folding strength and compressive strength. Conclusively, a certain amount of paper mill sludge could be utilized for production of linerboard and the decreased paper strength with addition of sludge could be recovered by the addition of black liquor and flocculants. © 2015 Korean Technical Assoc. of the Pulp and Paper Industry. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compressive strength

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Studies on seasonal variation of linerboard strength (III) - Effect of pulping consistency of OCC on strength of linerboard

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Palpu Chongi Gisul/Journal of Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry 2018年第4期50卷 40-46页

作者： Lee, Kwang-Seob Choi, Kyoung-Hwa Won, Heon-Seong Choi, Seong-Keong Choi, Ji-Su Ryu, Jeong-Yong Program of Paper Science and Engineering Division of Forest Material Science and Engineering College of Forest and Environmental Sciences Kangwon National University Chunchon Korea Republic of Chaggang Institute of Paper Science and Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of

The strength of linerboards produced in summer was weaker than that in winter. In this study, efforts were made to increase the consistency of OCC pulp to improve the strength of linerboards produced in the summer. The pulping temperatures of summer and winter were set at 52°C and 19°C, respectively. The pulping consistency was set 5% at 19°C in winter and 5, 6, 6.5 and 7% at 52°C in summer. As a result, it has been found that the strength of the linerboard can be improved by increasing the pulping consistency. The strength of the linerboard with a pulping consistency of 6% and a pulping temperature of 52°C is similar to that of 5% and 19°C. The linerboard strength increased by more than 20% when the consistency increased to 6.5 and 7%. Therefore, an increase in pulp consistency is considered to be one of the solutions to improve the strength of linerboards in summer. © 2015 Korean Technical Assoc. of the Pulp and Paper Industry. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pulp

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Efficiency of hydrophobization of PVA coating layer gas-grafted with palmitoyl chloride

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Palpu Chongi Gisul/Journal of Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry 2018年第4期50卷 123-134页

作者： Lee, Kwang-Seob Lee, Jae-Hun Lee, Myoung-Ku Ryu, Jeong-Yong Changgang Institute of Paper Science and Technology Kangwon National University Chuncheon24341 Korea Republic of Program of Paper Science and Engineering Division of Forest Material Science and Engineering College of Forest and Environmental Sciences Kangwon National University Chunchon Korea Republic of

Gas grafting of cellulose with fatty acid chloride based on chromatogenic chemistry is an effective method which can provide paper with hydrophobic characteristic. In case of gas grafting with fatty acid chloride, various reaction parameters such as concentration of fatty acid chloride, reaction temperature, and reaction time are very important for the optimization of the gas grafting of cellulose. In this study the gas grafting efficiency of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) coated paper at the various conditions was evaluated by measuring water resistance such as Cobb1,800 size and water contact angle. Also quantitative analysis was performed for determining reacted or un reacted fatty acid chloride by using ATR spectroscopy and GC. As a result, when the content of palmitoyl chloride esterified with a hydroxyl group at 1% concentration of palmitoyl chloride and 1801°C of react temperature was less than 1 g/m2, Cobb1,800 size degree was less than 10 g/m2. And it was found that Cobb1,800 size value, water contact angle, ratios of absorption peak of 1,735 cm-1/3,300 cm-1, amount of grafted fatty acid was improved with increase in concentration of palmitoyl chloride, temperature, and reaction time. And there was good correlation between GC analysis, ATR spectroscopy analysis and Cobbi,8oo sizing degree for evaluation of the grafting efficiency. It should be noted that only water contact angle could not be used to evaluate the grafting efficiency. © 2015 Korean Technical Assoc. of the Pulp and Paper Industry. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gases

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