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Expanding chiral metamaterials for retrieving fingerprints via vibrational circular dichroism

Light(science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1401-1414页

作者： Cheng Xu Zhihao Ren Hong Zhou Jingkai Zhou Chong Pei Ho Nan Wang Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117583Singapore Center for Inteligent Sensors and MEMS(CISM) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117608Singapore institute of Microelectronics(IME) Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138634Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Science and Engineering Program(ISEP) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore

Circular dichroism(CD)spectroscopy has been widely demonstrated for detecting chiral ***,the determination of chiral mixtures with various concentrations and enantiomeric ratios can be a challenging *** solve this problem,we report an enhanced vibrational circular dichroism(VCD)sensing platform based on plasmonic chiral metamaterials,which presents a 6-magnitude signal enhancement with a selectivity of chiral *** by coupled-mode theory,we leverage both in-plane and out-of-plane symmetry-breaking structures for chiral metamaterial design enabled by a two-step lithography process,which increases the near-field coupling strengths and varies the ratio between absorption and radiation loss,resulting in improved chiral light-matter interaction and enhanced molecular VCD ***,we demonstrate the thin-film sensing process of BSA andβ-lactoglobulin proteins,which contain secondary structures a-helix andβ-sheet and achieve a limit of detection down to zeptomole ***,we also,for the first time,explore the potential of enhanced VCD spectroscopy by demonstrating a selective sensing process of chiral mixtures,where the mixing ratio can be successfully differentiated with our proposed chiral *** findings improve the sensing signal of molecules and expand the extractable information,paving the way toward label-free,compact,small-volume chiral molecule detection for stereochemical and clinical diagnosisapplications.

关键词： chiral vibrational circular

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Enhanced superconductivity in SrTiO3-based interfaces via amorphous Al2O3 capping

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Physical Review materials 2024年第8期8卷 084803-084803页

作者： I. Silber A. Azulay A. Basha D. Ketchker M. Baskin A. Yagoda L. Kornblum A. Kohn Y. Dagan School of Physics and Astronomy Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering The Andrew and Erna Viterbi Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Oxide interfaces feature unique two-dimensional (2D) electronic systems with diverse electronic properties such as tunable spin-orbit interaction and superconductivity. Conductivity emerges in these interfaces when the thickness of an epitaxial polar layer surpasses a critical value, leading to charge transfer to the interface. Here, we show that depositing amorphous Al2O3 on top of the polar oxide can reduce the critical thickness and enhance the superconducting properties for SrTiO3-based interfaces. A detailed transmission electron microscopy analysis reveals that the enhancement of the superconducting properties is linked to the expansion of the SrTiO3 lattice in a direction perpendicular to the interface. We propose that the increase in the superconducting critical temperature, Tc, is a result of epitaxial strain.

关键词： electrical conductivity electrical properties Phase diagrams Strain Superconducting phase transition Superconductivity Transition temperature Complex oxides Interfaces Electron microscopy

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Automated classification of renal tumors on ultrasound images using deep neural network 9

Automated classification of renal tumors on ultrasound image...

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9th International Conference on Intelligent Informatics and BioMedical sciences, ICIIBMS 2024

作者： Wu, Wei-Chieh Chiang, Te-Mei Tsai, Zhi-Ren Asia University Program in Artificial Intelligence College of Information and Electrical Engineering Taichung City Taiwan Asia University Hospital Department of Radiation Oncology Taichung City Taiwan Asia University Department of Computer Science & Information Engineering Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350363043

Kidney cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The major types of malignant renal tumors are renal cell carcinoma and urothelial carcinoma. Although the majority of renal tumors are malignant, up to 20% are benign, most commonly renal cyst and angiomyolipomas. Ultrasound is the most accessible imaging tool in medical practice, but it highly depends on operator skill, which may lead to high false-negative rate in diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for the automated classification of renal tumors on ultrasound images using deep neural network. A total of 880 kidney ultrasound images were used for training and testing. Transfer learning was used to the ten Convolution neural network models. The kidney ultrasound images were classified as benign or malignant tumors. The classification performance of the model was evaluated by sensitivity and specificity. The research results show that VGG18 yielded the best performance, with a sensitivity of 79%, and a specificity of 86%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging

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Multi-agent Architecture for Passive Rootkit Detection with Data Enrichment

Multi-agent Architecture for Passive Rootkit Detection with...

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International Conference on computer science, Electronics, and Industrial engineering, CSEI 2022

作者： Trinks, Maickel Gondim, João Albuquerque, Robson Professional Post-Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering - PPEE - Department of Electrical Engineering University of Brasília DF Brasília Brazil Department of Computer Science Universidade de Brasília DF Brasília Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031305917

The added value of the information transmitted in a cybernetic environment has resulted in a sophisticated malicious actions scenario aimed at data exfiltration. In situations with advanced actors, like APTs, such actions use obfuscation techniques of harmful activities as persistence assurance on strategic targets. The MADEX and NERD architectures proposed flow analysis solutions to detect rootkits that hide network traffic;however, it presents some operational cost, either in traffic volume or due to lack of aggregated information. In that regard, this work changes and improves user flow analysis techniques to eliminate impacts on network traffic, with data enrichment on local and remote bases, detection of domains consulted by rootkits and aggregation of information to generate threat intelligence, while maintaining high performance. The results show the possibility of aggregating information to data flows used by rootkits in order to have effective cyber defense actions against cybernetic threats without major impacts on the existing network infrastructure. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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Cloud-Native Mobile Application Applied for Law and Regulations Harmonization 3

Cloud-Native Mobile Application Applied for Law and Regulati...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Cybernetics Technology and Applications, ICICyTA 2023

作者： Al Qausar, Muhammad Juan Heryadi, Yaya Lukas, Lukas Suparta, Wayan Sonata, Ilvico Doctor of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Jakarta Indonesia Institut Teknologi Nasional Yogyakarta Faculty of Industrial Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Yogyakarta Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394559

Navigating the complex legal and regulatory landscape requires a sophisticated platform that is not only comprehensive but also user-friendly and enables seamless analysis and document comparison in the legal realm. To address this challenging requirement, this research is dedicated to the user experience (UX) design of state-of the-art cloud-native mobile applications specifically designed for legal and regulatory harmonization. The methodology used is based on design thinking principles and takes advantage of the benefits of cloud computing. These include, but are not limited to, scalability, reliability, and security. The result is a solution that is not only powerful but also cost-effective. The core of this application follows a user-centered design philosophy and involves potential users closely in the design process. A comprehensive evaluation is performed using the System Usability Scale (SUS) methodology to measure the effectiveness and usability of the application. The results of this comprehensive approach are convincing. The application has an impressive 95.5% usage rate, indicating strong user engagement. Furthermore, user satisfaction ratings are particularly high and transformative impact of this application in a complex environment of legal harmonization. Through its innovative design, seamless functionality, and user-centric approach, this application has proven to be not only a technical solution, but also a catalyst for positive change in the legal and regulatory harmonization process. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Cost effectiveness

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Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization Based Shortest Path Routing in VANET 7

Chaotic Particle Swarm Optimization Based Shortest Path Rout...

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7th International Conference on Circuit Power and Computing Technologies, ICCPCT 2024

作者： Ramya, R. Yazhini, A. Geetha, T. Devi, R. Sahila Kavin, K.S. Dhanalakshmi, S. Saveetha School of Engineering Department of Nano Electronics Materials and Sensors ECE Chennai India Anna University College of Engineering Department of Computer Science & Engineering Chennai600025 India Agni College of Engineering and Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Chennai India Rohini College of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Palkulam629401 India Government College of Engineering Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamilnadu Tirunelveli India Bannari Amman Institute of Technology Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Erode Sathyamangalam638401 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372816

The present study examines the Vehicle Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) exhibit unexpected behavior due to their high mobility and random network structure. Including ad hoc networks, a variety of problems, including repeated connected breakdowns, flexibility, multi-hop transmission of information, and information loss, impact Transmission Control Protocols (TCP). To overcome this problem, this paper suggests employing zone-based routing in VANETs while taking mobility into account. The routing technique is implemented with a hybrid optimization strategy. The most significant swarm intelligence (SI) algorithm for solving optimization issues is the chaotic particle swarm optimization (CPSO) algorithm. Due to its simplicity, which involves just a few parameters, CPSO has grown to be considered one of the most frequently used optimization techniques. When resolving challenging optimization problems, the routing algorithms experience high overhead or incompatibilities. A CPSO based shortest path routing method is presented for VANET that offers a high-quality path for connection among nodes, improving the distribution of packets percentage and preventing end-to-end delay, in order to enhanced routing effectiveness and throughput in prevailing approaches. These achievements show that CPSO performs adequately and is experiencing significant progress. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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Magnetoelastic coupling driven magnon gap in a honeycomb antiferromagnet

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Physical Review B 2024年第10期110卷 104419页

作者： Jeongheon Choe Andrey Baydin Gaihua Ye Bowen Ma Cynthia Nnokwe Martin Rodriguez-Vega David Lujan Swati Chaudhary Fuyang Tay Jiaming He Hiroyuki Nojiri Jianshi Zhou Gregory A. Fiete Junichiro Kono Rui He Xiaoqin Li Department of Physics Center of Complex Quantum Systems Center for Dynamics and Control of Materials Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Smalley–Curl Institute Department of Physics Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute for Materials Research Department of Physics and Astronomy Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering

Cobalt titanate, CoTiO3, is a honeycomb antiferromagnet recently confirmed experimentally to host Dirac magnons, topological spin-orbit excitons, and chiral phonons. Here, we investigate a magnon gap at the zone center which calls for a refined spin Hamiltonian. We propose a microscopic model for the magnon gap and attribute it to a lattice-distortion (phonon)-induced higher-order spin interaction. Strong magnetoelastic coupling in CoTiO3 is also evident in Raman spectra, in which the magnetic order exerts a stronger influence on phonons corresponding to in-plane ionic motions than those with out-of-plane motions. We further examine the evolution of the zone-center magnons in a high magnetic field up to 18.5 T via THz absorption spectroscopy measurements. Based on this field dependence, we propose a spin Hamiltonian that not only agrees with magnon dispersion measured by inelastic neutron scattering but also includes fewer exchange constants and a realistic anisotropy term. Our work highlights the broad implications of magnetoelastic coupling in the study of topologically protected bosonic excitations.

关键词： Magnetism Magnons Topological materials Raman spectroscopy Terahertz spectroscopy

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A Comparative Study on Wireless Power Transfer to Millimeter-Scale Biomedical Implants with Ultrasound and Magnetoelectric Technologies

A Comparative Study on Wireless Power Transfer to Millimeter...

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2023 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, BioCAS 2023

作者： Hosur, Sujay Karan, Sumanta Kumar Priya, Shashank Kiani, Mehdi The Pennsylvania State University School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University ParkPA United States The Pennsylvania State University Department of Materials Science and Engineering University ParkPA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300260

Wireless power transfer (WPT) to biomedical implants enables their miniaturization to millimeter (mm) scales by removing their battery, which is critical for chronic operation. Ultrasound (US) and magnetoelectric (ME) modalities are both emerging technologies for WPT to mm-sized implants at deep sites (several centimeters) as they enjoy higher regulatory safety limits. In US WPT, the piezoelectric transducer in the implant generates an electric voltage when actuated by US pressure. In ME WPT, the ME transducer composed of a layered magnetostrictive and piezoelectric structure is exposed to low-frequency magnetic field to generate an electric voltage. Since both US and ME transducers operate at acoustic wave resonance, high-performance mm-sized transducers operating at MHz and sub-MHz frequencies are viable. Although US and ME WPT modalities have been studied individually in the literature, there is no comparative study of them for similar conditions. This paper compares the power delivery capabilities of these two modalities using comparable mm-sized receiver transducers of 6.4×2.3×1 mm3. In measurements at 30 mm depth, considering the safety limits, the ME and US WPT links could deliver 4.4 mW and 6.25 mW of power in a tissue and water medium, respectively. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： biomedical implants magnetoelectric transducers ultrasound transducers Wireless power transfer

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Automated Cycling System for Characterizing Ink-Jet Printed Flexible Films for Sensors

Automated Cycling System for Characterizing Ink-Jet Printed ...

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2024 IEEE MetroCon, MetroCon 2024

作者： Hicks, McKenna Tesky, Allyson Kaul, Anupama B. University of North Texas Department of Computer Engineering DentonTX76207 United States University of North Texas Department of Biomedical Engineering DentonTX76207 United States University of North Texas Department of Materials Science and Engineering Electrical Engineering DentonTX76207 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507640

Reliability testing of electronic devices is vital;anything from temperature and humidity resistance to mechanical fatigue of materials needs to be tested to ensure devices can hold up to their needed life expectancy - particularly in the field of biosensors and flexible conductors. Unfortunately, the research for specific techniques can be scarce, and often devices need to be tested in their own unique way. In this work, we have developed an automated system for reliability testing of strain-dependent sensors through the cyclic bending of a polyimide substrate with a conductive graphene film. A device was created using a 180-degree servo motor in combination with an Arduino microcontroller. The servo motor was then paired with a rack and pinion gear set to function as a linear actuator and bound to an independently built sliding mechanism that serves as the control and measurement of repeated bending operations. The substrate with the graphene film was then attached to a source meter to measure the current flow in situ over time. Subsequently, this device was able to repeat multiple bend cycles identically, eliminating the need to do it by hand and creating uniformity toward data gathering for comparative experimental studies. As such, the automated cycling system fulfilled its purpose towards a reliability test for which the graphene film showed the ability to withstand fatigue through repeated loading. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Fatigue testing

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Perovskite nickelate thin film devices as adaptive weights for photonic computing networks

Perovskite nickelate thin film devices as adaptive weights f...

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2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Park, Tae Joon Idjadi, Mohamad Hossein Ashtiani, Farshid Wan, Chenghao Kats, Mikhail A. Ramanathan, Shriram School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Nokia Bell Labs Murray HillNJ07974 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rutgers The State University of New Jersey PiscatawayNJ08854 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

Atomic layer deposition (ALD) and sputtering of strongly correlated perovskite nickelate thin films are emerging fields for wafer-scale demonstration of quantum technologies. Functional properties of such oxide quantum materials for proof-of-principle non-Von Neumann photonic computing networks are reported. © Optica Publishing Group 2024 ©2024TheAuthor(s)

关键词： Perovskite

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