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3D magnetic field vector measurement by magneto-optical imaging

Journal of the Magnetics Society of Japan 2022年第2期46卷 37-41页

作者： Sakaguchi, H. Wada, R. Oya. S. Matsumura, T. Saito, H. Ishibashi, T. Department of Materials Science and Technology Nagaoka University of Technology 1603-1 Kamitomioka Niigata Nagaoka940-2188 Japan Department of Mathematical Science and Electrical-Electronic-Computer Engineering Akita University 1-1 Tegata Gakuen-machi Akita010-8502 Japan

Magneto-optical (MO) imaging using MO imaging plates is a magnetic imaging technique that enables real-time measurements and is expected to be used for non-destructive testing and for observing the magnetic domains of magnetic materials. In this study, we propose a quantitative measurement method for three dimensional (3D) magnetic field vector measurements. The x-and y-components of the magnetic fields within the measured plane are calculated from the measured z-component by using a signal transformation method based on magnetic field transfer functions. Furthermore, the magnetic field distributions at different heights are also obtained from a one-shot image. In this paper, 3D magnetic field vector measurements are demonstrated for ferrite magnets and an electrical steel sheet. © 2022, Magnetics Society of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic fields

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The Effect of a Copolymer Interfacial Layer on the Performance of Organic Thin-Film Transistors 242

The Effect of a Copolymer Interfacial Layer on the Performan...

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242nd ECS Meeting

作者： Tarekegn, Eyob Negussie Seyedi, Mastooreh Luzinov, Igor Harrell, William R. Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University ClemsonSC29634 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University ClemsonSC29634 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781607685395

The effects of adding a copolymer interfacial layer on the performance of Poly (3-hexylthiophene-2, 5-diyl) (P3HT) based organic thin-film transistors (OTFT) were investigated. Poly (oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate-lauryl methacrylate), which is referred to as POGL, was used as an interfacial layer between P3HT and the dielectric. OTFTs with and without a POGL interfacial layer were fabricated. The field-effect mobility and the threshold voltage were extracted for all the devices. The OTFTs with a POGL interfacial layer were observed to have a smaller threshold voltage than the OTFTs without an interfacial layer, which makes the POGL devices attractive for low power applications. The POGL OTFTs were also observed to have much more ideal drain current saturation characteristics with very small I-V curve slope. This is explained by the deep trap states on the POGL surface and the reduction of the contact resistance at the electrode/organic semiconductor interface. However, the POGL OTFTs were observed to have a smaller drain current and a slightly smaller mobility than the non-POGL OTFTs. This is explained by the surface roughness of the POGL, which affects the charge transport in the channel of the device. © 2022 ECS-The Electrochemical Society.

关键词： Threshold voltage

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Characterizing and Mitigating Chemomechanical Degradation in High-Energy Lithium-Ion Battery Cathode materials

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Accounts of materials Research 2022年第5期3卷 511-524页

作者： Norman S.Luu Kyu-Young Park Mark C.Hersam Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois 60208United States Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Energy Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and TechnologyPohangKyungbuk 37673Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois 60208United

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are nearly ubiquitous energy storage solutions,powering devices ranging from consumer electronics to electric *** advance these applications,current LIB research efforts are directed toward improving energy and power densities,cyclic lifetimes,charging speeds,and *** parameters are intrinsically tied to properties of the active electrode materials,such as the redox mechanism,chemical composition,and crystal *** particularly challenging issue is that the active electrode materials that possess higher theoretical energy densities are generally more susceptible to degradation during cycling.A notable example is the family of layered multicomponent transition metal oxides,which is the incumbent class of active LIB cathode materials for electric *** increase their theoretical capacities,the transition metal fraction in these materials is trending toward higher Ni ***,Ni-rich chemistries suffer from electrochemical,crystallographic,and mechanical degradation that increase in severity with increasing Ni ***,alternative high-energy cathode materials,including overlithiated layered oxides and disordered rock salt materials,present additional stability challenges that must be overcome before they can be realistically incorporated into LIB *** chemomechanical degradation in high-energy LIB cathode materials occurs at multiple length *** defects,such as antisite defects or vacancies,are commonly generated during electrochemical cycling and can contribute to the loss of cyclable active *** both the primary and secondary particle level,electrochemical cycling also induces significant volumetric changes and state-of-charge heterogeneity,generating regions of high stress and strain that are precursors to mechanical ***,at the electrode level,nonuniform charge transfer reactions throughout the electrode can lead to locally overcharged regions that become

关键词： Battery electrode cycling

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Investigation of the cap layer for improved GeSn multiple quantum well laser performance

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Optics Letters 2023年第7期48卷 1626-1629页

作者： Abernathy, Grey Ojo, Solomon Stanchu, Hryhorii Zhou, Yiyin Olorunsola, Oluwatobi Grant, Joshua Du, Wei Jheng, Yue-Tong Chang, Guo-En Li, Baohua Yu, Shui-Qing Department of Electrical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Materials Science & Engineering Program University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR72701 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chung Cheng University Chiayi County62102 Taiwan Arktonics LLC 1339 South Pinnacle Drive FayettevilleAR72701 United States

The study of all-group-IV SiGeSn lasers has opened a new avenue to Si-based light sources. SiGeSn heterostructure and quantum well lasers have been successfully demonstrated in the past few years. It has been reported that, for multiple quantum well lasers, the optical confinement factor plays an important role in the net modal gain. In previous studies, adding a cap layer was proposed to increase the optical mode overlap with the active region and thereby improve the optical confinement factor of Fabry–Perot cavity lasers. In this work, SiGeSn/GeSn multiple quantum well (4-well) devices with various cap layer thicknesses, i.e., 0 (no cap), 190, 250, and 290 nm, are grown using a chemical vapor deposition reactor and characterized via optical pumping. While no-cap and thinner-cap devices only show spontaneous emission, the two thicker-cap devices exhibit lasing up to 77 K, with an emission peak at 2440 nm and a threshold of 214 kW/cm2 (250 nm cap device). The clear trend in device performance disclosed in this work provides guidance in device design for electrically injected SiGeSn quantum well lasers. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group.

关键词： Semiconductor quantum wells

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Active Beam Steering of Terahertz Waves with Phase Change-based Metasurfaces

Active Beam Steering of Terahertz Waves with Phase Change-ba...

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CLEO: science and Innovations, S and I 2022

作者： Yahiaoui, Riad Chase, Zizwe A. Huang, Zhixiang Wang, Xi Searles, Thomas A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States

We demonstrate active control of THz beams with a phase change material, VO2, patterned into a metasurface microcavity. We experimentally confirm simulations showing up to 35 degree deflection at 300 GHz. © Optic... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Terahertz waves

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Online Classification of Alarm Floods Using a Word2vec Algorithm 49

Online Classification of Alarm Floods Using a Word2vec Algor...

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49th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2023

作者： Tamascelli, Nicola Rao, Harikrishna Rao Mohan Cozzani, Valerio Paltrinieri, Nicola Chen, Tongwen Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Trondheim Norway University of Bologna Department of Civil Chemical Environmental and Materials Engineering Bologna Italy University of Alberta Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering EdmontonABT6G 1H9 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331820

Alarm floods are periods of intense alarm activity that may hinder control room operators' ability to diagnose and respond to process abnormalities. In this context, a method to guide and assist operators during alarm floods would provide critical support in preventing abnormalities from escalating into serious accidents. Therefore, this study introduces a novel approach for the online classification of alarm floods based on their fault categories. Historical alarm data are used to train an ensemble of Natural Language Processing models, specifically word2vec, which learn contextual relationships between alarms under different fault conditions. As a new alarm flood appears, the models predict the most probable context alarms by exploiting the knowledge gained during training. Finally, a scoring system is proposed to reward the models that make correct predictions and eventually identify the most probable fault category. The efficacy of the method has been tested on simulated alarm data from the Tennessee Eastman Process benchmark. The results are encouraging, as the models achieved relatively high accuracy in most fault categories. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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Tm-doped Chirped-pulse-amplification Fiber Laser System at 1.9 μm

Tm-doped Chirped-pulse-amplification Fiber Laser System at 1...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2023

作者： Xu, Shutao Turnali, Ahmet Lim, Timothy Sander, Michelle Y. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BU Photonics Center Boston University BostonMA02215 United States Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston University BrooklineMA02446 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston University BostonMA02215 United States

We report a high-energy Tm-doped chirped-pulse-amplification fiber laser system seeded by dissipative solitons at 1902 nm. The system provides output pulses with a pulse energy of 120 nJ and a pulse duration of 940 fs... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Fiber lasers

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Self-Immolative Electrochemical Redox Substrates: Emerging Artificial Receptors in Sensing and Biosensing

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ACS Measurement science Au 2024年第2期4卷 163-183页

作者： Manibalan, Kesavan Arul, Ponnusamy Wu, Hsin-Jay Huang, Sheng-Tung Mani, Veerappan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei 10608 Taiwan Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center (AMPMC) Computer Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia High-Value Biomaterials Research and Commercialization Center National Taipei University of Technology No. 1 Sec. 3 Zhongxiao E. Rd. Taipei 10608 Taiwan

The development of artificial receptors has great significance in measurement science and technology. The need for a robust version of natural receptors is getting increased attention because the cost of natural receptors is still high along with storage difficulties. Aptamers, imprinted polymers, and nanozymes are some of the matured artificial receptors in analytical chemistry. Recently, a new direction has been discovered by organic chemists, who can synthesize robust, activity-based, self-immolative organic molecules that have artificial receptor properties for the targeted analytes. Specifically designed trigger moieties implant selectivity and sensitivity. These latent electrochemical redox substrates are highly stable, mass-producible, inexpensive, and eco-friendly. Combining redox substrates with the merits of electrochemical techniques is a good opportunity to establish a new direction in artificial receptors. This Review provides an overview of electrochemical redox substrate design, anatomy, benefits, and biosensing potential. A proper understanding of molecular design can lead to the development of a library of novel self-immolative redox molecules that would have huge implications for measurement science and technology. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： alkaline phosphatase artificial receptors electrochemical mediators electrochemical sensors and biosensors galactosidase hydrogen peroxide neuraminidase organic electrochemistry ratiometric sensors self-immolative sensors

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MODELING THE HODGKIN-HUXLEY NEURON TO DETERMINE NEURONAL ENERGY CONSUMPTION EFFICIENCY AND OXYGEN CONSUMPTION VALUES

Biomedical Sciences Instrumentation

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Biomedical sciences Instrumentation 2022年第2期58卷 50-58页

作者： Enochson, Avery Ewert, Daniel Mitar, Dipankar Striker, Ryan Cleveland, Jerika Wolf, Henry Gieser, Anna Braaten, Ben Allen, Jeffery Allen, Monica Department of Integrated Engineering at Iron Range Engineering Program of Minnesota State University Mankato MN United States Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin – La Crosse La CrosseWI United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Dakota State University FargoND United States Air Force Research Laboratory Munitions Directorate Eglin Air Force Base Eglin AFB FL United States

Understanding neuronal structure and function is essential to studying the human brain. The goal of this project was to create a model of human brain neurons that accurately reflects neuronal function, energy consumption, and oxygen consumption. Extensive work has been performed on the Hodgkin-Huxley model of neurons to accurately model neuronal firing. This study focuses on the creation of a model of the Hodgkin-Huxley neuron in MATLAB with the assistance of the DynaSim toolbox. This model was used to compute values and using another model the energy efficiency of the neuron was calculated and related to oxygen consumption, which then corresponds to Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) imaging in fMRI. The results of this study provide detailed visual and technical information about how the brain neurons function, which is crucial to the further development in brain imaging techniques and to further our understanding of why and how our complex brains function. © 2022 IAE All rights reserved.

关键词： Neurons

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Imaging atomic-scale chemistry from fused multi-modal electron microscopy

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npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 164-171页

作者： Jonathan Schwartz Zichao Wendy Di Yi Jiang Alyssa J.Fielitz Don-Hyung Ha Sanjaya D.Perera Ismail El Baggari Richard D.Robinson Jeffrey A.Fessler Colin Ophus Steve Rozeveld Robert Hovden Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Dow Chemical Co. MidlandMIUSA Department of Material Science and Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA School of Integrative Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA The Rowland Institute at Harvard CambridgeMAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA National Center for Electron Microscopy Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryMolecular FoundryBerkeleyCAUSA Applied Physics Program University of MIchiganAnn ArborMIUnited States

Efforts to map atomic-scale chemistry at low doses with minimal noise using electron microscopes are fundamentally limited by inelastic ***,fused multi-modal electron microscopy offers high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)recovery of material chemistry at nano-and atomic-resolution by coupling correlated information encoded within both elastic scattering(high-angle annular dark-field(HAADF))and inelastic spectroscopic signals(electron energy loss(EELS)or energy-dispersive x-ray(EDX)).By linking these simultaneously acquired signals,or modalities,the chemical distribution within nanomaterials can be imaged at significantly lower doses with existing detector *** many cases,the dose requirements can be reduced by over one order of *** high SNR recovery of chemistry is tested against simulated and experimental atomic resolution data of heterogeneous nanomaterials.

关键词： materials chemistry fused

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