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Highly Reversible Aqueous Zinc Batteries enabled by Zincophilic–Zincophobic Interfacial Layers and Interrupted Hydrogen-Bond Electrolytes

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Angewandte Chemie 2021年第34期133卷

作者： Dr. Longsheng Cao Dr. Dan Li Dr. Fernando A. Soto Dr. Victor Ponce Dr. Bao Zhang Dr. Lu Ma Dr. Tao Deng Dr. Jorge M. Seminario Dr. Enyuan Hu Dr. Xiao-Qing Yang Prof. Perla B. Balbuena Prof. Chunsheng Wang Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA National Synchrotron Light Source II Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College Station TX 77843 USA Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973 USA

Aqueous Zn batteries promise high energy density but suffer from Zn dendritic growth and poor low-temperature performance. Here, we overcome both challenges by using an eutectic 7.6 m ZnCl 2 aqueous electrolyte with 0.05 m SnCl 2 additive, which in situ forms a zincophilic/zincophobic Sn/Zn 5 (OH) 8 Cl 2 ⋅H 2 O bilayer interphase and enables low temperature operation. Zincophilic Sn decreases Zn plating/stripping overpotential and promotes uniform Zn plating, while zincophobic Zn 5 (OH) 8 Cl 2 ⋅H 2 O top-layer suppresses Zn dendrite growth. The eutectic electrolyte has a high ionic conductivity of ≈0.8 mS cm −1 even at −70 °C due to the distortion of hydrogen bond network by solvated Zn 2+ and Cl − . The eutectic electrolyte enables Zn∥Ti half-cell a high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of >99.7 % for 200 cycles and Zn∥Zn cell steady charge/discharge for 500 h with a low overpotential of 8 mV at 3 mA cm −2 . Practically, Zn∥VOPO 4 batteries maintain >95 % capacity with a CE of >99.9 % for 200 cycles at −50 °C, and retain ≈30 % capacity at −70 °C of that at 20 °C.

关键词： aqueous zinc batteries hydrogen bonds low temperature salt precipitation zincophilic–zincophobic interfacial bilayer

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The overlapping burden of the three leading causes of disability and death in sub-Saharan African children

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Nature Communications 2022年第1期13卷 1-14页

作者： Reiner, Robert C. Welgan, Catherine A. Troeger, Christopher E. Baumann, Mathew M. Weiss, Daniel J. Deshpande, Aniruddha Blacker, Brigette F. Miller-Petrie, Molly K. Earl, Lucas Bhatt, Samir Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Adekanmbi, Victor Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Aghaali, Mohammad Aji, Budi Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Saqib Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Saeed Amugsi, Dickson A. Ancuceanu, Robert Andrei, Catalina Liliana Ansari, Fereshteh Anvari, Davood Appiah, Seth Christopher Yaw Arabloo, Jalal Aremu, Olatunde Atout, Maha Moh’d Wahbi Ausloos, Marcel Ausloos, Floriane Ayanore, Martin Amogre Aynalem, Yared Asmare Azene, Zelalem Nigussie Badawi, Alaa Baig, Atif Amin Banach, Maciej Bedi, Neeraj Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth Bhandari, Dinesh Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Pankaj Bhattacharyya, Krittika Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Bijani, Ali Birhanu, Tesega Tesega Mengistu Bitew, Zebenay Workneh Boloor, Archith Brady, Oliver J. Butt, Zahid A. Car, Josip Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel C. Chattu, Vijay Kumar Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chu, Dinh-Toi Coelho, Camila H. Cook, Aubrey J. Damiani, Giovanni Daoud, Farah Gela, Jiregna Darega Darwish, Amira Hamed Daryani, Ahmad Das, Jai K. Davis Weaver, Nicole Deribe, Kebede Desalew, Assefa Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda Dianatinasab, Mostafa Diaz, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Dorostkar, Fariba Dubljanin, Eleonora Duko, Bereket Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura Effiong, Andem El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa El Tantawi, Maha Enany, Shymaa Fattahi, Nazir Feigin, Valery L. Fernandes, Eduarda Ferrara, Pietro Fischer, Florian Foigt, Nataliya A. Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Foroutan, Masoud Frostad, Joseph Jon Fukumoto, Takeshi Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji Gebrekrstos, Hailemikael Gebrekidan G. K. Gebremeskel, Leake Gebreslassie, Assefa Ayalew Gething, Peter W. Gezae, Kebede Embaye Ghadiri, Keyghobad Ghashghaee, Ahmad Golechha, Mahaveer Gubar Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA United States Malaria Atlas Project University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Laboratory Medicine Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Public Health Debre Berhan University Debre Berhan Ethiopia Department of Clinical Sciences University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Population Health Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Qom University of Medical Sciences Qom Iran Faculty of Medicine and Public Health Jenderal Soedirman University Purwokerto Indonesia Mayo Evidence-based Practice Center Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research Rochester MN United States John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO United States Clinical Epidemiology Center Department of Veterans Affairs St Louis MO United States Institute of Health Research University of Health and Allied Sciences Ho Ghana Department of Information Systems College of Economics and Political Science Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Bandar Abbas Iran Department of Health Policy and Management Kuwait University Safat Kuwait International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding National University of Malaysia Bandar Tun Razak Malaysia Department of Epidemiology Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran Medical Research Center

Despite substantial declines since 2000, lower respiratory infections (LRIs), diarrhoeal diseases, and malaria remain among the leading causes of nonfatal and fatal disease burden for children under 5 years of age (under 5), primarily in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The spatial burden of each of these diseases has been estimated subnationally across SSA, yet no prior analyses have examined the pattern of their combined burden. Here we synthesise subnational estimates of the burden of LRIs, diarrhoea, and malaria in children under-5 from 2000 to 2017 for 43 sub-Saharan countries. Some units faced a relatively equal burden from each of the three diseases, while others had one or two dominant sources of unit-level burden, with no consistent pattern geographically across the entire subcontinent. Using a subnational counterfactual analysis, we show that nearly 300 million DALYs could have been averted since 2000 by raising all units to their national average. Our findings are directly relevant for decision-makers in determining which and targeting where the most appropriate interventions are for increasing child survival. © 2022, The Author(s).

关键词： Biogeography Epidemiology Infectious diseases Malaria

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Publisher Correction: Schools of skyrmions with electrically tunable elastic interactions

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Nature communications 2020年第1期11卷 668页

作者： Hayley R O Sohn Changda D Liu Ivan I Smalyukh Department of Physics and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA. Department of Physics and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA. ivan.smalyukh@colorado.edu. Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA. ivan.smalyukh@colorado.edu. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA. ivan.smalyukh@colorado.edu.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Dynamical scattering in coherent hard x-ray nanobeam Bragg diffraction

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Physical Review B 2018年第23期97卷 235414-235414页

作者： A. Pateras J. Park Y. Ahn J. A. Tilka M. V. Holt H. Kim L. J. Mawst P. G. Evans Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Illinois 60439 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA

Unique intensity features arising from dynamical diffraction arise in coherent x-ray nanobeam diffraction patterns of crystals having thicknesses larger than the x-ray extinction depth or exhibiting combinations of nanoscale and mesoscale features. We demonstrate that dynamical scattering effects can be accurately predicted using an optical model combined with the Darwin theory of dynamical x-ray diffraction. The model includes the highly divergent coherent x-ray nanobeams produced by Fresnel zone plate focusing optics and accounts for primary extinction, multiple scattering, and absorption. The simulation accurately reproduces the dynamical scattering features of experimental diffraction patterns acquired from a GaAs/AlGaAs epitaxial heterostructure on a GaAs (001) substrate.

关键词： X-ray beams & optics Heterostructures III-V semiconductors Nanostructures Semiconductor compounds Coherent X-ray scattering X-ray diffraction

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L10 Fe−Pd Synthetic Antiferromagnet through an fcc Ru Spacer Utilized for Perpendicular Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

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Physical Review Applied 2018年第4期9卷 044028-044028页

作者： De-Lin Zhang Congli Sun Yang Lv Karl B. Schliep Zhengyang Zhao Jun-Yang Chen Paul M. Voyles Jian-Ping Wang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 USA

Magnetic materials that possess large bulk perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are essential for the development of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) used in future spintronic memory and logic devices. The addition of an antiferromagnetic layer to these MTJs was recently predicted to facilitate ultrafast magnetization switching. Here, we report a demonstration of a bulk perpendicular synthetic antiferromagnetic (PSAFM) structure comprised of a (001) textured Fe−Pd/Ru/Fe−Pd trilayer with a face-centered-cubic (fcc) phase Ru spacer. The L10 Fe−Pd PSAFM structure shows a large bulk PMA (Ku∼10.2 Merg/cm3) and strong antiferromagnetic coupling (−JIEC∼2.60 erg/cm2). Full perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (PMTJs) with a L10 Fe−Pd PSAFM layer are then fabricated. Tunneling magnetoresistance ratios of up to approximately 25% (approximately 60%) are observed at room temperature (5 K) after postannealing at 350 °C. Exhibiting high thermal stabilities and large Ku, the bulk PMTJs with an L10 Fe−Pd PSAFM layer could pave a way for next-generation ultrahigh-density and ultralow-energy spintronic applications.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism Magnetic anisotropy Spintronics Ferromagnets Magnetic multilayers Magnetic tunnel junctions Transition metal alloys Magnetization measurements

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Toward durable Al-InSb hybrid heterostructures via epitaxy of 2ML interfacial InAs screening layers

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Physical Review materials 2019年第12期3卷 124202-124202页

作者： C. Thomas R. E. Diaz J. H. Dycus M. E. Salmon R. E. Daniel T. Wang G. C. Gardner M. J. Manfra Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Eurofins EAG Materials Science Raleigh North Carolina 27606 USA Microsoft Quantum Purdue Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA

The large Landé g factor, high spin-orbit coupling, and low effective mass of the two-dimensional electron gas in InSb quantum wells combined with proximal superconductivity may realize a scalable platform for topological quantum computation. Aluminum thin films directly deposited on top of InSb planar structures result in the formation of a reactive AlInSb layer at the interface. This interlayer progressively consumes the whole Al film, resulting in a disordered AlInSb layer after a few months at room temperature. We report on a heterostructure design that results in a significant increase of the durability of these hybrid Al-InSb heterostructures with the preservation of a pure Al film and sharp superconductor-semiconductor interface for more than one year. Two monolayers of epitaxial InAs at the superconductor-semiconductor interface prevent interfacial reactivity as evidenced by x-ray reflectivity and energy dispersive spectroscopy measurements. Structural characterizations of the Al films by transmission electron microscopy reveal the presence of tens of nanometers wide grains predominantly oriented with Al(110) parallel to InSb(001).

关键词： Composition Crystal growth Crystal orientation Crystal structure Grain boundaries Topological quantum computing Topological superconductors

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Terahertz Faraday and Kerr rotation spectroscopy of Bi1−xSbx films in high magnetic fields up to 30 tesla

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Physical Review B 2019年第11期100卷 115145-115145页

作者： Xinwei Li Katsumasa Yoshioka Ming Xie G. Timothy Noe, II Woojoo Lee Nicolas Marquez Peraca Weilu Gao Toshio Hagiwara Ørjan S. Handegård Li-Wei Nien Tadaaki Nagao Masahiro Kitajima Hiroyuki Nojiri Chih-Kang Shih Allan H. MacDonald Ikufumi Katayama Jun Takeda Gregory A. Fiete Junichiro Kono Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Physics Graduate School of Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan Department of Physics and Center for Complex Quantum Systems The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan Department of Physics Northeastern University Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA Department of Material Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA

We report results of terahertz Faraday and Kerr rotation spectroscopy measurements on thin films of Bi1−xSbx, an alloy system that exhibits a semimetal-to-topological-insulator transition as the Sb composition x increases. By using a single-shot time-domain terahertz spectroscopy setup combined with a table-top pulsed minicoil magnet, we conducted measurements in magnetic fields up to 30 T, observing distinctly different behaviors between semimetallic (x<0.07) and topological insulator (x>0.07) samples. Faraday and Kerr rotation spectra for the semimetallic films showed a pronounced dip that blueshifted with the magnetic field, whereas spectra for the topological insulator films were positive and featureless, increasing in amplitude with increasing magnetic field and eventually saturating at high fields (>20 T). Ellipticity spectra for the semimetallic films showed resonances, whereas the topological insulator films showed no detectable ellipticity. To explain these observations, we developed a theoretical model based on realistic band parameters and the Kubo formula for calculating the optical conductivity of Landau-quantized charge carriers. Our calculations quantitatively reproduced all experimental features, establishing that the Faraday and Kerr signals in the semimetallic films predominantly arise from bulk hole cyclotron resonances while the signals in the topological insulator films represent combined effects of surface carriers originating from multiple electron and hole pockets. These results demonstrate that the use of high magnetic fields in terahertz magnetopolarimetry, combined with detailed electronic structure and conductivity calculations, allows us to unambiguously identify and quantitatively determine unique contributions from different species of carriers of topological and nontopological nature in Bi1−xSbx.

关键词： Faraday effect Kerr effect Topological materials Terahertz spectroscopy

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Gap-plasmon enhanced water splitting with ultrathin hematite films: The role of plasmonic-based light trapping and hot electrons

Gap-plasmon enhanced water splitting with ultrathin hematite...

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作者： Dutta, Aveek Naldoni, Alberto Malara, Francesco Govorov, Alexander O. Shalaev, Vladimir M. Boltasseva, Alexandra School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University IN47907 United States Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Regional Center for Advanced Technologies and Materials Olomouc78371 Czech Republic CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari Via Golgi 19 Milan20133 Italy Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China Department of Physics and Astronomy Ohio University AthensOH45701 United States

Hydrogen is a promising alternative renewable fuel for meeting the growing energy demands of the world. Over the past few decades, photoelectrochemical water splitting has been widely studied as a viable technology for the production of hydrogen utilizing solar energy. A solar-to-hydrogen (STH) efficiency of 10% is considered to be sufficient for practical applications. Amongst the wide class of semiconductors that have been studied for their application in solar water splitting, iron oxide (α-Fe2O3), or hematite, is one of the more promising candidate materials, with a theoretical STH efficiency of 15%. In this work, we show experimentally that by utilizing gold nanostructures that support gap-plasmon resonances together with a hematite layer, we can increase the water oxidation photocurrent by two times over that demonstrated by a bare hematite film at wavelengths above the hematite bandgap. Moreover, we achieve a six-fold increase in the oxidation photocurrent at near-infrared wavelengths, which is attributed to hot electron generation and decay in the gap-plasmon nanostructures. Theoretical simulations confirmed that the metamaterial geometry with gap plasmons that was used allows us to confine electromagnetic fields inside the hematite semiconductor and to enhance the surface photochemistry. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Hematite

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Physical-layer supervised learning assisted by an entangled sensor network

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhuang, Quntao Zhang, Zheshen Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States James C. Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States

Many existing quantum supervised learning (SL) schemes consider data given a priori in a classical description. With only noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices available in the near future, their quantum speedup awaits the development of quantum random access memories (qRAMs) and fault-tolerant quantum computing. There, however, also exist a multitude of SL tasks whose data are acquired by sensors, e.g., pattern classification based on data produced by imaging sensors. Solving such SL tasks naturally requires an integrated approach harnessing tools from both quantum sensing and quantum computing. We introduce supervised learning assisted by an entangled sensor network (SLAEN) as a means to carry out SL tasks at the physical layer. The entanglement shared by the sensors in SLAEN boosts the performance of extracting global features of the object under investigation. We leverage SLAEN to construct an entanglement-assisted support-vector machine for data classification and entanglement-assisted principal component analyzer for data compression. In both schemes, variational circuits are employed to seek the optimum entangled probe states and measurement settings to maximize the entanglement-enabled enhancement. We observe that SLAEN enjoys an appreciable entanglement-enabled performance gain, even in the presence of loss, over conventional strategies in which classical data are acquired by separable sensors and subsequently processed by classical SL algorithms. SLAEN is realizable with available technology, opening a viable route toward building NISQ devices that offer unmatched performance beyond what the optimum classical device is able to afford. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum optics

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Photonic crystal resonant coupling to nanoantennas and applications for digital resolution biosensing

Photonic crystal resonant coupling to nanoantennas and appli...

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Microscopy Histopathology and Analytics, MICROSCOPY 2018

作者： Cunningham, Brian T. Liu, Jui-Nung Huang, Qinglan Canady, Taylor Long, Kenneth D. Li, Nantao Pastor, Miguel Angel Kwon, Lydia Liu, Keng-Ku Singamaneni, Srikanth Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States University of Alicante Spain Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Washington University United States Carle Woese Institute of Genomic Biology UrbanaIL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580415

Using nanoparticles as nanoantennas that are engineered to efficiently couple with the resonant modes of a photonic crystal surface, amplification of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and resonant enhanced absorption provides high signal-to-noise mechanisms for sensing biomolecular interactions with single-event resolution. This talk will summarize the underlying theory, sensor/instrument design, and applications in sensing viral pathogens, miRNA biomarkers for cancer, and proteins. © OSA 2018.

关键词： Nanoantennas

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