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15th International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics, TAUP 2017

作者： Akutsu, T. Ando, M. Araya, A. Aritomi, N. Asada, H. Aso, Y. Atsuta, S. Awai, K. Barton, M.A. Cannon, K. Craig, K. Creus, W. Doi, K. Eda, K. Enomoto, Y. Flaminio, R. Fujii, Y. Fujimoto, M.-K. Furuhata, T. Haino, S. Hasegawa, K. Hashino, K. Hayama, K. Hirobayashi, S. Hirose, E. Hsieh, A.H. Inoue, Y. Ioka, K. Itoh, Y. Kaji, T. Kajita, T. Kakizaki, M. Kamiizumi, M. Kambara, S. Kanda, N. Kanemura, S. Kaneyama, M. Kang, G. Kasuya, J. Kataoka, Y. Kawai, N. Kawamura, S. Kim, C. Kim, H. Kim, J. Kim, Y. Kimura, N. Kinugawa, T. Kirii, S. Kitaoka, Y. Kojima, Y. Kokeyama, K. Komori, K. Kotake, K. Kumar, R. Lee, H. Lee, H. Liu, Y. Luca, N. Majorana, E. Mano, S. Marchio, M. Matsui, T. Matsushima, F. Michimura, Y. Miyakawa, O. Miyamoto, T. Miyamoto, A. Miyo, K. Miyoki, S. Morii, W. Morisaki, S. Moriwaki, Y. Morozumi, T. Musha, M. Nagano, S. Nagano, K. Nakamura, K. Nakamura, T. Nakano, H. Nakano, M. Nakao, K. Narikawa, T. Quynh, L.Nguyen Ni, W.-T. Ochi, T. Oh, J. Oh, S. Ohashi, M. Ohishi, N. Ohkawa, M. Okutomi, K. Oohara, K. Alleano, F.E.P. Pinto, I. Sago, N. Saijo, M. Saito, Y. Sakai, K. Sakai, Y. Sasaki, Y. Sasaki, M. Sato, S. Sato, T. Sekiguchi, Y. Seto, N. Shibata, M. Shimoda, T. Shinkai, H. Shoda, A. Somiya, K. Son, E. Suemasa, A. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, T. Tagoshi, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, R. Takamori, A. Takeda, H. Tanaka, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, T. Tatsumi, D. Tomaru, T. Tomura, T. Travasso, F. Tsubono, K. Tsuchida, S. Uchikata, N. Uchiyama, T. Uehara, T. Ueki, S. Ueno, K. Ushiba, T. Van Putten, M.H.P.M. Vocca, H. Wada, S. Wakamatsu, T. Yamada, T. Yamamoto, S. Yamamoto, T. Yamamoto, K. Yamamoto, A. Yokoyama, J. Yokozawa, T. Yoon, T.H. Yuzurihara, H. Zeidler, S. Zhu, Z.-H. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physics University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0032 Japan Department of Advanced Physics Hirosaki University Aomori Hirosaki036-8561 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Hida Gifu506-1205 Japan Department of Physics Tokyo Institute of Technology Meguro Tokyo152-8551 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Hida Gifu506-1205 Japan Research Center for the Early Universe University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Nankang Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Physics University of Toyama Toyama Toyama930-8555 Japan Faculty of Engineering University of Toyama Toyama Toyama930-8555 Japan Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Sakyo Kyoto606-8502 Japan Department of Physics Osaka City University Sumiyosi Osaka558-8585 Japan Department of Physics Osaka University Osaka Toyonaka560-0043 Japan Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information Yuseong Daejeon 34141 Korea Republic of Yuseong Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of National Institute for Mathematical Sciences Daejeon34047 Korea Republic of Department of Computer Simulation Inje University Gimhae Gyeongsangnam50834 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul151-742 Korea Republic of High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Ibaraki Tsukuba305-0801 Japan Department of Physical Science Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima Hiroshima903-0213 Japan Department of Applied Physics Fukuoka University Jonan Fukuoka814-0180 Japan Department of Advanced Materials Science University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sapienza University Roma00185 Italy Department o

KAGRA is a 3-km interferometric gravitational wave telescope located in the Kamioka mine in Japan. It is the first km-class gravitational wave telescope constructed underground to reduce seismic noise, and the first km-class telescope to use cryogenic cooling of test masses to reduce thermal noise. The construction of the infrastructure to house the interferometer in the tunnel, and the initial phase operation of the interferometer with a simple 3-km Michelson configuration have been completed. The first cryogenic operation is expected in 2018, and the observing runs with a full interferometer are expected in 2020s. The basic interferometer configuration and the current status of KAGRA are described. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Interferometers

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Multimodal intelligent transwell system

Multimodal intelligent transwell system

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2018 Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Workshop, Hilton Head 2018

作者： Rajasekaran, P. Ramiah Chapin, A. Quan, D.N. Jang, S.H. Herberholz, J. Hu, L. Bentley, W.E. Ghodssi, R. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Systems Research University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Department of Psychology in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science University of Maryland College ParkMD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781940470030

This work is the first demonstration of a 3D printed, modular, multimodal electrochemical-sensor-integrated, transwell system for monitoring tissue culture and molecular signaling, in vitro. Integral to the design of this platform is a porous membrane hosting an in vitro tissue culture with cell-interfaced electrochemical sensors. Interfacial -electrical cell surface impedance sensing (ECIS) electrodes and -cyclic voltammetric electrodes (CV) are used to monitor epithelial barrier formation and basolateral molecular release respectively. Such interfacial sensor-integrated tissue culture platform enables unprecedented access and provides temporal information that conventional transwells cannot furnish. We use this platform to uncover signaling events occurring along the gut-microbiome-brain-axis (GMBA). © 2016 TRF.

关键词： Tissue

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One-directional thermal transport in densely aligned single-wall carbon nanotube films

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Yamaguchi, Shingi Tsunekawa, Issei Komatsu, Natsumi Gao, Weilu Shiga, Takuma Kodama, Takashi Kono, Junichiro Shiomi, Junichiro Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess extremely high thermal conductivities. However, the thermal conductivities and their anisotropy of macroscopic assemblies of CNTs have so far remained small. Here, we report results of directional thermal transport measurements on a nearly-perfectly aligned CNT film fabricated via controlled vacuum filtration. We found the thermal conductivity to be 43 ± 2.2 W m-1 K-1 with a record-high thermal anisotropy of 500. From the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity and its agreement with the atomistic phonon transport calculation, we conclude that the effect of intertube thermal resistance on heat conduction in the alignment direction is negligible because of the large contact area between CNTs. These observations thus represent ideal unidirectional thermal transport, i.e., the thermal conductivity of the film is determined solely by that of individual CNTs. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Carbon films

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Comparative studies of optoelectrical properties of prominent PV materials: Halide Perovskite, CdTe, and GaAs

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Zhang, Fan Castaneda, Jose F. Chen, Shangshang Wu, Wuqiang DiNezza, Michael J. Lassise, Maxwell Nie, Wanyi Mohite, Aditya Liu, Yucheng Liu, Shengzhong Friedman, Daniel Liu, Henan Chen, Qiong Zhang, Yong-Hang Huang, Jinsong Zhang, Yong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of North Carolina at Charlotte CharlotteNC28223 United States Department of Applied Physical Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel HillNC27599 United States School of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Materials Physics and Application Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM87545 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department of Material Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry National Ministry of Education Institute for Advanced Energy Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an710062 China National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO80401 United States

We compare three representative high performance PV materials: halide perovskite MAPbI3, CdTe, and GaAs, in terms of photoluminescence (PL) efficiency, PL lineshape, carrier diffusion, and surface recombination, over multiple orders of photo-excitation density. An analytic model is used to describe the excitation density dependence of PL intensity and extract the internal PL efficiency and multiple pertinent recombination parameters. A PL imaging technique is used to obtain carrier diffusion length without using a PL quencher, thus, free of unintended influence beyond pure diffusion. Our results show that perovskite samples tend to exhibit lower Shockley-Read-Hall (SRH) recombination rate in both bulk and surface, thus higher PL efficiency than the inorganic counterparts, particularly under low excitation density, even with no or preliminary surface passivation. PL lineshape and diffusion analysis indicate that there is considerable structural disordering in the perovskite materials, and thus photo-generated carriers are not in global thermal equilibrium, which in turn suppresses the nonradiative recombination. This study suggests that relatively low point-defect density, less detrimental surface recombination, and moderate structural disordering contribute to the high PV efficiency in the perovskite. This comparative photovoltaics study provides more insights into the fundamental material science and the search for optimal device designs by learning from different technologies. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Perovskite

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An $8\times 4$ Continuous Transverse Stub Array Fed by Coaxial Ports

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IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 2019年第6期18卷 1303-1307页

作者： Siyi Zhou Mauro Ettorre Anthony Grbic Institut d’Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes (IETR) UMR CNRS 6164 Université de de Rennes 1 Rennes Cedex France Radiation Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and Center of Photonic and Multiscale Materials University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA

Continuous transverse stub arrays are wideband, wide-scanning antennas consisting of an arrangement of long slots or parallel-plate waveguide apertures radiating in free space. A line source is generally required to feed these arrays. Here, we show that such a line source can be created over the radiating aperture using a two-dimensional (2-D) arrangement of coaxial probe transitions. The coaxial transitions are directly integrated into the parallel-plate waveguides feeding the slots. Such a solution avoids using quasi-optical systems or bulky corporate networks to feed the array. The proposed 2-D feeding scheme also allows steering the main beam of the array. This is an additional benefit with respect to previous designs for which scanning was limited to a single plane. An array of 8 × 4 elements validates the concept at 5.8 GHz. Measurements show that the array exhibits a field of view of ±30° in elevation over the 5.4-6.2 GHz band, with an active reflection coefficient for the central elements better than -10 dB.

关键词： Probes Antenna arrays Antenna measurements Antenna radiation patterns computer architecture Two dimensional displays Microprocessors

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In vivo estimates of axonal stretch and 3D brain deformation during mild head impact

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Brain Multiphysics 2020年 1卷 100015页

作者： Knutsen, Andrew K Gomez, Arnold D. Gangolli, Mihika Wang, Wen-Tung Chan, Deva Lu, Yuan-Chiao Christoforou, Eftychios Prince, Jerry L. Bayly, Philip V. Butman, John A. Pham, Dzung L. Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Bethesda MD United States Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy NY United States Center for the Developing Brain Children's National Hospital Washington D.C. United States Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of Cyprus Cyprus Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Washington University in St. Louis MO United States Clinical Center National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD United States

The rapid deformation of brain tissue in response to head impact can lead to traumatic brain injury. In vivo measurements of brain deformation during non-injurious head impacts are necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms of traumatic brain injury and compare to computational models of brain biomechanics. Using tagged magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we obtained measurements of three-dimensional strain tensors that resulted from a mild head impact after neck rotation or neck extension. Measurements of maximum principal strain (MPS) peaked shortly after impact, with maximal values of 0.019–0.053 that correlated strongly with peak angular velocity. Subject-specific patterns of MPS were spatially heterogeneous and consistent across subjects for the same motion, though regions of high deformation differed between motions. The largest MPS values were seen in the cortical gray matter and cerebral white matter for neck rotation and the brainstem and cerebellum for neck extension. Axonal fiber strain (Ef) was estimated by combining the strain tensor with diffusion tensor imaging data. As with MPS, patterns of Ef varied spatially within subjects, were similar across subjects within each motion, and showed group differences between motions. Values were highest and most strongly correlated with peak angular velocity in the corpus callosum for neck rotation and in the brainstem for neck extension. The different patterns of brain deformation between head motions highlight potential areas of greater risk of injury between motions at higher loading conditions. Additionally, these experimental measurements can be directly compared to predictions of generic or subject-specific computational models of traumatic brain injury. Statement of Significance: Traumatic brain injury can result from the rapid acceleration of the skull, leading to deformation of brain tissue and elongation of axonal fibers. Because treatment options and prognostic models for patients are lacking, a be

关键词： Axonal strain Brain biomechanics Tagged MRI Traumatic brain injury

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Voltage control of domain walls in magnetic nanowires for energy-efficient neuromorphic devices

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Azam, Md Ali Bhattacharya, Dhritiman Querlioz, Damien Ross, Caroline A. Atulasimha, Jayasimha Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Virginia Commonwealth Univ. RichmondVA United States Centre national de la recherche scientifique Univ. of Paris Saclay Paris France Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Inst. of Technology CambridgeMA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Commonwealth Univ. RichmondVA United States

An energy-efficient voltage controlled domain wall device for implementing an artificial neuron and synapse is analyzed using micromagnetic modeling in the presence of room temperature thermal noise. By controlling the domain wall motion utilizing spin transfer or spin orbit torques in association with voltage generated strain control of perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in the presence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, different positions of the domain wall are realized in the free layer of a magnetic tunnel junction to program different synaptic weights. The feasibility of scaling of such devices is assessed in the presence of thermal perturbations that compromise controllability. Additionally, an artificial neuron can be realized by combining this DW device with a CMOS buffer. This provides a possible pathway to realize energy efficient voltage controlled nanomagnetic deep neural networks that can learn in real time. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Long lifetime of thermally-excited magnons in bulk yttrium iron garnet

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Jamison, John S. Yang, Zihao Giles, Brandon L. Brangham, Jack T. Wu, Guanzhong Hammel, P. Chris Yang, Fengyuan Myers, Roberto C. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States

Spin currents are generated within the bulk of magnetic materials due to heat flow, an effect called intrinsic spin-Seebeck. This bulk bosonic spin current consists of a diffusing thermal magnon cloud, parametrized by the magnon chemical potential (µm), with a diffusion length of several microns in yttrium iron garnet (YIG). Transient opto-thermal measurements of the spin-Seebeck effect (SSE) as a function of temperature reveal the time evolution of µm due to intrinsic SSE in YIG. The interface SSE develops at times 500 μs, dominating the temperature dependence of SSE in bulk YIG. Time-dependent SSE data are fit to a multi-temperature model of coupled spin/heat transport using finite element method (FEM), where the magnon spin lifetime (τ) and magnon-phonon thermalization time (τmp) are used as fit parameters. From 300 K to 4 K, τmp varies from 1 to 10 ns, whereas τ varies from 2 to 60 µs with the spin lifetime peaking at 90 K. At low temperature, a reduction in τ is observed consistent with impurity relaxation reported in ferromagnetic resonance measurements. These results demonstrate that the thermal magnon cloud in YIG contains extremely low frequency magnons (~10 GHz) providing spectral insight to the microscopic scattering processes involved in magnon spin/heat diffusion. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Yttrium iron garnet

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Erratum: “Compositional and phase dependence of elastic modulus of crystalline and amorphous Hf1-xZrxO2 thin films” [Appl. Phys. Lett. 118, 102901 (2021)]

引用

Applied Physics Letters 2021年第12期119卷

作者： Shelby S. Fields David H. Olson Samantha T. Jaszewski Chris M. Fancher Sean W. Smith Diane A. Dickie Giovanni Esteves M. David Henry Paul S. Davids Patrick E. Hopkins Jon F. Ihlefeld 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia 22904 USA 2Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia 22904 USA 3Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA 4Sandia National Laboratories Albuquerque New Mexico 87185 USA 5Department of Chemistry University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia 22904 USA 6Deparment of Physics University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia 22904 USA 7Charles L. Brown Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia Charlottesville Virginia 22904 USA

The following Erratum has been prepared by the authors:

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Realization of a Real-time Optimal Control Strategy to Stabilize a Falling Humanoid Robot with Hand Contact

Realization of a Real-time Optimal Control Strategy to Stabi...

引用

IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation

作者： Shihao Wang Kris Hauser Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC USA Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC USA

In this paper, we present a real-time falling robot stabilization system for a humanoid robot in which the robot can prevent falling using hand contact with walls and other surfaces in the environment. Instead of ignoring or avoiding interaction with environmental obstacles, our system uses obstacle geometry to determine a contact point that reduces impact and necessary friction. It uses a planar dynamic model that is appropriate for falling stabilization in the robot's sagittal plane and frontal plane. The hand contact is determined with an optimal control approach, and to make the algorithm run in real-time, a simplified three-link robot model and a pre-computed database of subproblems for the hand contact optimization are adopted. Moreover, if the robot is not leaning too far after stabilization, we employ a heuristic push-up strategy to recover the robot to a standing posture. System integration is performed on the Darwin-Mini robot and validation is conducted in several environments and falling scenarios.

关键词： Real-time systems Legged locomotion Computational modeling Humanoid robots Robot sensing systems Kinetic energy

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