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2017 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, ICRA 2017

作者： Zarrin, Pouya Soltani Escoto, Abelardo Xu, Ran Patel, Rajni V. Naish, Michael D. Trejos, Ana Luisa CSTAR Lawson Health Research Institute Biomedical Engineering Program at Western LondonON Canada CSTAR United States CTAR Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western United States CSTAR Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States CSTAR Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Western United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781509046331

In spite of the remarkable benefits that minimally invasive surgery provides for patients, the absence of force feedback is still a significant disadvantage. Several studies have been performed to address this issue;however, an accurate sterilizable force sensing technology for measuring axial and grasping forces is still missing. In this work, an innovative partial grasper has been designed and developed for a laparoscopic needle driver that can measure axial and grasping force information at the grasper tip. Fiber Bragg Grating sensors are used in this work because of their sterilizability and high sensitivity. Accuracies of 0.19 N and 0.26 N were achieved for the grasping and axial sensors respectively. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

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Coexistence of Van Hove Singularities and Pseudomagnetic Fields in Modulated Graphene Bilayer

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Vejpravova, Jana Pacakova, Barbara Dresselhaus, Mildred S. Kong, Jing Kalbac, Martin Department of Condensed Matter Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Physics V Ke Karlovu 5 Prague 2121 16 Czech Republic Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Physics Gamle fysikk E3 GløshaugenR-149 Norway J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Department of Low-Dimensional Materials Dolejskova 3 Prague 818200 Czech Republic Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

The stacking and bending of graphene are trivial but extremely powerful agents of control over graphene’s manifold physics. By changing the twist angle, one can drive the system over a plethora of exotic states via strong electron correlation, thanks to the moiré superlattice potentials, while the periodic or triaxial strains induce discretization of the band structure into Landau levels without the need for an external magnetic field. We fabricated a hybrid system comprising both the stacking and bending tuning knobs. We have grown the graphene monolayers by chemical vapor deposition, using 12C and 13C precursors, which enabled us to individually address the layers through Raman spectroscopy mapping. We achieved the long-range spatial modulation by sculpturing the top layer (13C) over uniform magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) deposited on the bottom layer (12C). An atomic force microscopy study revealed that the top layer tends to relax into pyramidal corrugations with C3 axial symmetry at the position of the NPs, which have been widely reported as a source of large pseudomagnetic fields (PMFs) in graphene monolayers. The modulated graphene bilayer (MGBL) also contains a few micrometer large domains, with the twist angle ~ 10 o, which were identified via extreme enhancement of the Raman intensity of the G-mode due to formation of Van Hove singularities (VHSs). We thereby conclude that the twist induced VHSs coexist with the PMFs generated in the strained pyramidal objects without mutual disturbance. The graphene bilayer modulated with magnetic NPs is a non-trivial hybrid system that accommodates features of twist induced VHSs and PMFs in environs of giant classical spins. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

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Strongly Enhanced Tunneling at Total Charge Neutrality in Double-Bilayer Graphene-WSe2 Heterostructures

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Physical Review Letters 2018年第17期120卷 177702-177702页

作者： G. William Burg Nitin Prasad Kyounghwan Kim Takashi Taniguchi Kenji Watanabe Allan H. MacDonald Leonard F. Register Emanuel Tutuc Microelectronics Research Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78758 USA National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Department of Physics The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA

We report the experimental observation of strongly enhanced tunneling between graphene bilayers through a WSe2 barrier when the graphene bilayers are populated with carriers of opposite polarity and equal density. The enhanced tunneling increases sharply in strength with decreasing temperature, and the tunneling current exhibits a vertical onset as a function of interlayer voltage at a temperature of 1.5 K. The strongly enhanced tunneling at overall neutrality departs markedly from single-particle model calculations that otherwise match the measured tunneling current-voltage characteristics well, and suggests the emergence of a many-body state with condensed interbilayer excitons when electrons and holes of equal densities populate the two layers.

关键词： Excitons Pairing mechanisms 2-dimensional systems Graphene Tunnel junctions

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Emerging materials for tailorable nanophotonic devices

Emerging materials for tailorable nanophotonic devices

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International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic materials in Microwaves and Optics (METAmaterials)

作者： Z. Wang D. Shah K. Chaudhuri A. Catellani M. Alhabeb H. Reddy X. Meng S. I. Azzam N. Kinsey A. V. Kildishev Y. L. Kim V. M. Shalaev A. Calzolari Y. Gogotsi A. Boltasseva School of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA CNR-NANO Instituto Nanoscienze Modena IT Department of Materials Science and Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia PA USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN USA

We report on two classes of emerging materials, ultra-thin TiN and MXenes, as a potential material platform for plasmonic metamaterials. Due to their increased sensitivity to structural and compositional parameters, b... 详细信息

关键词： Plasmons Tin Metamaterials Optical films Two dimensional displays Substrates

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Strong pseudospin-lattice coupling in Sr3Ir2O7: Coherent phonon anomaly and negative thermal expansion

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Physical Review B 2019年第9期99卷 094307-094307页

作者： L. L. Hu M. Yang Y. L. Wu Q. Wu H. Zhao F. Sun W. Wang Rui He S. L. He H. Zhang R. J. Huang L. F. Li Y. G. Shi Jimin Zhao Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas Tech University Lubbock Texas 79409 USA Ningbo Institute of Material Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo 315201 China College of Physical Science and Technology Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan Guangdong 523808 China

The similarities to cuprates make iridates an interesting potential platform for investigating superconductivity. Equally attractive are their puzzling complex intrinsic interactions. Here, we report an ultrafast optical spectroscopy investigation of a coherent phonon mode in Sr3Ir2O7, a bilayer Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite iridate. An anomaly in the A1g optical phonon (ν=4.4THz) is unambiguously observed below the Néel temperature (TN), which we attribute to pseudospin-lattice coupling (PLC). Significantly, we find that PLC is the dominant interaction at low temperature, and we directly measure the PLC coefficient to be λ=150±20cm−1, which is two orders of magnitude higher than that in manganites (<2.4cm−1) and comparable to that in CuO (50cm−1, the strongest PLC or spin-lattice coupling (SLC) previously known). Moreover, we find that the strong PLC induces an anisotropic negative thermal expansion. Our findings highlight the key role of PLC in iridates and uncovers another intriguing similarity to cuprates.

关键词： Lattice dynamics Phonons Ultrafast phenomena Strongly correlated systems

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Tunable Γ−K Valley Populations in Hole-Doped Trilayer WSe2

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Physical Review Letters 2018年第10期120卷 107703-107703页

作者： Hema C. P. Movva Timothy Lovorn Babak Fallahazad Stefano Larentis Kyounghwan Kim Takashi Taniguchi Kenji Watanabe Sanjay K. Banerjee Allan H. MacDonald Emanuel Tutuc Microelectronics Research Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78758 USA Department of Physics The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA National Institute of Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of valley populations in the valence bands of trilayer WSe2. Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations show that trilayer holes populate two distinct subbands associated with the K and Γ valleys, with effective masses 0.5me and 1.2me, respectively; me is the bare electron mass. At a fixed total hole density, an applied transverse electric field transfers holes from Γ orbitals to K orbitals. We are able to explain this behavior in terms of the larger layer polarizability of the K orbital subband.

关键词： Electronic structure Quantum Hall effect Valleytronics 2-dimensional systems Transition metal dichalcogenides Band structure methods Density functional theory Shubnikov-de Haas effect k dot p method

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Critical current density in advanced superconductors

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Progress in materials science 2025年

作者： H.S. Ruiz J. Hänisch M. Polichetti A. Galluzzi L. Gozzelino D. Torsello S. Milošević-Govedarović J. Grbović-Novaković O.V. Dobrovolskiy W. Lang G. Grimaldi A. Crisan P. Badica A.M. Ionescu P. Cayado R. Willa B. Barbiellini S. Eley A. Badía–Majós School of Engineering and Space Park Leicester University of Leicester University Rd Leicester LE1 7RH United Kingdom Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Technical Physics Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344 Germany Department of Physics “E.R. Caianiello” University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 Fisciano (SA) 84084 Italy Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche CNR-SPIN c/o Università di Salerno- via Giovanni Paolo II 132 Fisciano (SA) 84084 Italy Department of Applied Science and Technology Politecnico di Torino Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Torino 10129 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Torino Via P. Giuria 1 Torino 10125 Italy University of Belgrade Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences National Institute of Republic of Serbia Centre of Excellence for Hydrogen and Renewable Energy - CONVINCE Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14 Belgrade 11000 Serbia Cryogenic Quantum Electronics EMG and LENA Technische Universität Braunschweig Hans-Sommer-Str. 66 Braunschweig 38106 Germany Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Boltzmanngasse 5 Vienna 1090 Austria National Institute of Materials Physics 405A Atomistilor Str. Magurele 077125 Romania University of Geneva Department of Quantum Matter Physics (DQMP) Quai Ernest-Ansermet 24 Geneva 1211 Switzerland Departamento de Física Universidad de Oviedo C/ Federico García Lorca 18 Oviedo E-33007 Spain Institute for Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Wolfgang-Gaede Strasse 1 Karlsruhe D-76131 Germany Institute of Systems Engineering School of Engineering HES-SO Valais-Wallis rue de l’Industrie 23 Sion CH-1950 Switzerland Department of Physics School of Engineering Science LUT University Yliopistonkatu 34 Lappeenranta FI-53850 Finland Department of Physics Northeastern University Boston MA 02115 USA Department of Physics Colorado School of Mines Golden Colorado 80401 USA Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Univer

This review paper delves into the concept of critical current density ( J c ) in high-temperature superconductors (HTS) across macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic perspectives. Through this exploration, a comprehensive range of connections is unveiled aiming to foster advancements in the physics, materials science, and the engineering of applied superconductors. Beginning with the macroscopic interpretation of J c as a central material law, the review traces its development from C.P. Bean’s foundational work to modern extensions. Mesoscopic challenges in understanding vortex dynamics and their coherence with thermodynamic anisotropy regimes are addressed, underscoring the importance of understanding the limitations and corrections implicit in the macroscopic measurement of J c , linked with mesoscopic phenomena such as irradiation effects, defect manipulation, and vortex interactions. The transition to supercritical current densities is also discussed, detailing the superconductor behaviour beyond critical thresholds with a focus on flux-flow instability regimes relevant to fault current limiters and fusion energy magnets. Enhancing J c through tailored material microstructures, engineered pinning centers, grain boundary manipulation, and controlled doping is explored, along with radiation techniques and their impact on large-scale energy systems. Emphasizing the critical role of J c , this review focuses on its physical optimization and engineering manipulation, highlighting its significance across diverse sectors.

关键词： Superconductivity Superconducting materials Critical current density Vortices High temperature superconductors Flux flow instabilities Flux creep Flux pinning Vortex-defect interactions

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A Novel OCT Design for Cultural Heritage Applications

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 2018年第S1期24卷 2142-2143页

作者： Danielle Duggins Fengqiang Li Maurice Aalders Oliver Cossairt Aggelos Katsaggelos Marc Walton Northwestern University Department of Materials Science & Engineering Evanston IL USA Northwestern University Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Evanston IL USA University of Amsterdam Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics Academic Medical Center Amsterdam Netherlands Northwestern University/Art Institute of Chicago Center for Scientific Studies of the Arts (NU- ACCESS) Evanston IL Chicago USA

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Liquid crystalline cellulose-basednematogels

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Liu, Qingkun Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Physical properties of composite materials can be pre-engineered by controlling their structure and composition at the mesoscale. Yet, approaches for achieving this are limited and rarely scalable. We introduce a new breed of self-assembled nematogels formed by an orientationally ordered network of thin cellulose nanofibers infiltrated with a thermotropic nematic fluid. The interplay of orientational ordering within the nematic network and that of the small-molecule liquid crystal around it yields a composite with highly tunable optical properties. By means of combining experimental characterization and modeling, we demonstrate sub-millisecond electric switching of transparency and facile responses of the composite to temperature changes. Finally, we discuss a host of potential technological uses of these self-assembled nematogel composites, ranging from smart and privacy windows to novel flexible displays. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Flexible displays

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Static Hopf solitons and knotted emergent fields in solid-state noncentrosymmetric magnetic nanostructures

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Tai, Jung-Shen B. Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Soft Materials Research Center Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Two-dimensional topological solitons, commonly called Skyrmions, are extensively studied in solid-state magnetic nanostructures and promise many spintronics applications. However, three-dimensional topological solitons dubbed hopfions have not been demonstrated as stable spatially localized structures in solid-state magnetic materials. Here we model the existence of such static solitons with different Hopf index values in noncentrosymmetric solid magnetic nanostructures with a perpendicular interfacial magnetic anisotropy. We show how this surface anisotropy, along with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions and the geometry of nanostructures, stabilize hopfions. We demonstrate knots in emergent field lines and computer simulate Lorentz transmission electron microscopy images of such solitonic configurations to guide their experimental discovery in magnetic solids. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solitons

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