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arXiv 2018年

作者： Liu, Wenjing Wang, Yuhui Zheng, Biyuan Hwang, Minsoo Ji, Zhurun Liu, Gerui Li, Ziwei Sorger, Volker J. Pan, Anlian Agarwal, Ritesh Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Key Laboratory for Micro-Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province School of Physics and Electronic Science Hunan University Changsha Hunan410082 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering George Washington University Science & Engineering Hall 800 22nd St. WashingtonDC20052 United States

Two-dimensional semiconductors host excitons with very large oscillator strengths and binding energies due to significantly reduced carrier screening. Two-dimensional semiconductors integrated with optical cavities are emerging as a promising platform for studying strong light-matter interactions as a route to explore a variety of exotic many-body effects. Here, in few-layered WS2 coupled with plasmonic nanoparticle lattices, we observe the formation of a collective polaritonic mode near the exciton energy and the formation of a complete polariton band gap with energy scale comparable to the exciton-plasmon coupling strength. A coupled oscillator model reveals that the collective mode arises from the cooperative coupling of the excitons to the plasmonic lattice diffraction orders via exciton-exciton interactions. The emergence of the collective mode is accompanied by a superlinear increase of the polariton mode splitting as a function of the square root of the exciton oscillator strength. The presence of these many body effects, which are enhanced in systems which lack bulk polarization, not only allows the formation of a collective mode with periodically varying field profiles, but also further enhances the exciton-plasmon coupling. By integrating the hybrid WS2-plasmonic lattice device with a field-effect transistor, we demonstrate active tuning of the collective mode and the polariton band gap. These systems provide new opportunities for obtaining a deeper and systematic understanding of many body cooperative phenomena in periodic photonic systems and for designing more complex and actively controllable polaritonic devices including switchable polariton lasers, waveguides, and optical logical elements. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Excitons

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Nonlinear transport of ballistic dirac electrons tunneling through a tunable potential barrier in graphene

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Anwar, Farhana Iurov, Andrii Huang, Danhong Gumbs, Godfrey Sharma, Ashwani Center for High Technology Materials University of New Mexico 1313 Goddard SE AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States Department of Physics and Computer Science Medgar Evers College City University of New York BrooklynNY11225 United States Air Force Research Laboratory Space Vehicles Directorate Kirtland Air Force Base NM87117 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Hunter College City University of New York 695 Park Avenue New YorkNY10065 United States P de Manuel Lardizabal 4 San Sebastian Basque Country20018 Spain

Dirac-electronic tunneling and nonlinear transport properties with both finite and zero energy bandgap are investigated for graphene with a tilted potential barrier under a bias. For validation, results from a finite-difference based numerical approach, which is developed for calculating transmission and reflection coefficients with a dynamically-tunable (time-dependent bias field) barrier-potential profile, are compared with those of both an analytical model for a static square-potential barrier and a perturbation theory using Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation. For a biased barrier, both transmission coefficient and tunneling resistance are computed and analyzed, indicating a full control of the peak in tunneling resistance by bias field for a tilted barrier, gate voltage for barrier height, and energy for incoming electrons. Moreover, a finite energy gap in graphene is found to suppress head-on transmission as well as skew transmission with a large transverse momentum. For a gapless graphene, on the other hand, filtering of Dirac electrons outside of normal incidence is found and can be used for designing electronic lenses. All these predicted attractive transport properties are expected extremely useful for the development of novel electronic and optical graphene-based devices. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

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Spin-orbit torque and spin pumping in YIG/Pt with interfacial insertion layers

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Emori, Satoru Matyushov, Alexei Jeon, Hyung-Min Babroski, Christopher J. Nan, Tianxiang Belkessam, Amine M. Jones, John G. McConney, Michael E. Brown, Gail J. Howe, Brandon M. Sun, Nian X. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States Department of Physics Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24061 United States Department of Physics Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States Materials and Manufacturing Directorate Air Force Research Laboratory Wright-Patterson AFB OH45433 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Wright State University DaytonOH45435 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison WI53706 United States

We experimentally investigate spin-orbit torque and spin pumping in Y3Fe5O12(YIG)/Pt bilayers with ultrathin insertion layers at the interface. An insertion layer of Cu suppresses both spin-orbit torque and spin pumping, whereas an insertion layer of Ni80Fe20(permalloy, Py) enhances them, in a quantitatively consistent manner with the reciprocity of the two spin transmission processes. However, we observe a large enhancement of Gilbert damping with the insertion of Py that cannot be accounted for solely by spin pumping, suggesting significant spin-memory loss due to the interfacial magnetic layer. Our findings indicate that the magnetization at the YIG-metal interface strongly influences the transmission and depolarization of pure spin current. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Yttrium iron garnet

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An Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search with Learning Automata for the Unrelated Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem

An Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search with Learning Automata...

引用

2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, CEC 2017

作者： Cota, Luciano Perdigao Guimaraes, Frederico Gadelha De Oliveira, Fernando B. Souza, Marcone J. Freitas Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Computer and Systems Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto João Monlevade Brazil Department of Computer Science Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781509046010

This work deals with the Unrelated Parallel Machine Scheduling Problem with Setup Times, with the objective of minimizing the makespan. It is proposed an Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) metaheuristic using Learning Automata (LA) to adapt the probabilities of using removal and insertion heuristics and methods. A computable function in the LA updates the probability vector for selecting the actions, corresponding to six removal and six insertion methods. We also propose a new insertion method based on Hungarian algorithm, which is applied to solve subproblems optimally. Computational experiments are performed to verify the performance of the proposed method. A set of instances available in the literature with problems up to 150 jobs and 10 machines is employed in the experiments. The proposed LA-ALNS is compared against three other algorithms from the literature. The results suggest that our algorithm has better performance in most of cases (88%) under the defined conditions of experiments. Statistical tests also suggest that LA-ALNS is better than the other algorithms from the literature. The proposed method is able to automatically choose the most suitable heuristics for the instance of the problem, through adaptation and learning in the Learning Automata. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Heuristic methods

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Non-reciprocal willis coupling in zero-index moving media

arXiv

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Quan, Li Sounas, Dimitrios L. Alù, Andrea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University DetroitMI48202 United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Department of Electrical Engineering City College of The City University of New York NY10031 United States

Mechanical motion can break the symmetry in which sound travels in a medium, but significant non-reciprocity is typically achieved only for very large motion speeds. Here we combine moving media with zero-index acoustic propagation, yielding extreme non-reciprocity and induced bianisotropy for modest applied speeds. The metamaterial is formed by an array of waveguides loaded by Helmholtz resonators, and it exhibits opposite signs of the refractive index sustained by asymmetric Willis coupling for propagation in opposite directions. We use this response to design a nonreciprocal acoustic lens focusing only when excitation from one side, with applications for imaging and ultrasound technology. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Refractive index

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Vectorial Holograms: Full‐Color Complex‐Amplitude Vectorial Holograms Based on Multi‐Freedom Metasurfaces (Adv. Funct. Mater. 21/2020)

引用

Advanced Functional materials 2020年第21期30卷

作者： Zi‐Lan Deng Mingke Jin Xuan Ye Shuai Wang Tan Shi Junhong Deng Ningbin Mao Yaoyu Cao Bai‐Ou Guan Andrea Alù Guixin Li Xiangping Li Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications Institute of Photonics Technology Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 P. R. China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York 85 St. Nicholas Terrace New York NY 10031 USA Physics Program The Graduate Center City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10016 USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of New York New York NY 10031 USA

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Search for and production in the final state using proton-proton collisions at

引用

The European Physical Journal C 2024年第7期84卷 1-33页

作者： Hayrapetyan, A. Tumasyan, A. Adam, W. Andrejkovic, J. W. Bergauer, T. Chatterjee, S. Damanakis, K. Dragicevic, M. Hussain, P. S. Jeitler, M. Krammer, N. Li, A. Liko, D. Mikulec, I. Schieck, J. Schöfbeck, R. Schwarz, D. Sonawane, M. Templ, S. Waltenberger, W. Wulz, C.-E. Darwish, M. R. Janssen, T. Van Mechelen, P. Bols, E. S. D’Hondt, J. Dansana, S. De Moor, A. Delcourt, M. Lowette, S. Makarenko, I. Müller, D. Tavernier, S. Tytgat, M. Van Onsem, G. P. Van Putte, S. Vannerom, D. Clerbaux, B. Das, A. K. De Lentdecker, G. Evard, H. Favart, L. Gianneios, P. Hohov, D. Jaramillo, J. Khalilzadeh, A. Khan, F. A. Lee, K. Mahdavikhorrami, M. Malara, A. Paredes, S. Thomas, L. Vanden Bemden, M. Vander Velde, C. Vanlaer, P. De Coen, M. Dobur, D. Hong, Y. Knolle, J. Lambrecht, L. Mestdach, G. Amarilo, K. Mota Rendón, C. Samalan, A. Skovpen, K. Van Den Bossche, N. van der Linden, J. Wezenbeek, L. Benecke, A. Bethani, A. Bruno, G. Caputo, C. Delaere, C. Donertas, I. S. Giammanco, A. Jain, Sa. Lemaitre, V. Lidrych, J. Mastrapasqua, P. Tran, T. T. Wertz, S. Alves, G. A. Coelho, E. Hensel, C. De Oliveira, T. Menezes Moraes, A. Teles, P. Rebello Soeiro, M. Júnior, W. L. Aldá Pereira, M. Alves Gallo Filho, M. Barroso Ferreira Malbouisson, H. Brandao Carvalho, W. Chinellato, J. Da Costa, E. M. Da Silveira, G. G. De Jesus Damiao, D. De Souza, S. Fonseca De Souza, R. Gomes Martins, J. Herrera, C. Mora Mundim, L. Nogima, H. Pinheiro, J. P. Santoro, A. Sznajder, A. Thiel, M. Pereira, A. Vilela Bernardes, C. A. Calligaris, L. Tomei, T. R. Fernandez Perez Gregores, E. M. Mercadante, P. G. Novaes, S. F. Orzari, B. Padula, Sandra S. Aleksandrov, A. Antchev, G. Hadjiiska, R. Iaydjiev, P. Misheva, M. Shopova, M. Sultanov, G. Dimitrov, A. Litov, L. Pavlov, B. Petkov, P. Petrov, A. Shumka, E. Keshri, S. Thakur, S. Cheng, T. Javaid, T. Yuan, L. Hu, Z. Liu, J. Yi, K. Chen, G. M. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. Iemmi, F. Jiang, C. H. Kapoor, A. Liao, H. Liu, Z. -A. Sharma, R. Song, J. N. Tao, J. Wang, C. Wang, J. Wang, Z. Zhang, H. Agapitos, A. Ban, Y. Levin, A Yerevan Physics Institute Yerevan Armenia Yerevan State University Yerevan Armenia Institut für Hochenergiephysik Vienna Austria TU Wien Vienna Austria Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerp Belgium Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences Faculty of Engineering Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport Alexandria Egypt Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussel Belgium Ghent University Ghent Belgium Université Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil UFMS Nova Andradina Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista Universidade Federal do ABC São Paulo Brazil Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Instituto De Alta Investigación Universidad de Tarapacá Casilla 7 D Arica Chile Beihang University Beijing China Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China The University of Iowa Iowa City USA Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing China China Spallation Neutron Source Guangdong China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology Peking University Beijing China Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Henan Normal University Xinxiang China Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE) Fudan University Shanghai China Zhejiang University Zhejiang China Universidad de Los Andes Bogota Colombia Universidad de Antioquia Medellin Colombia University of Split Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mechan

A search for $${\text {Z}{}{}} {\text {Z}{}{}} $$ and $${\text {Z}{}{}} {\text {H}{}{}} $$ production in the $${\text {b}{}{}} {\bar{{\text {b}{}{}}}{}{}} {\text {b}{}{}} {\bar{{\text {b}{}{}}}{}{}} $$ final state is presented, where H is the standard model (SM) Higgs boson. The search uses an event sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 133 $$\,\text {fb}^{-1}$$ collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 $$\,\text {Te}\hspace{-.08em}\text {V}$$ with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The analysis introduces several novel techniques for deriving and validating a multi-dimensional background model based on control samples in data. A multiclass multivariate classifier customized for the $${\text {b}{}{}} {\bar{{\text {b}{}{}}}{}{}} {\text {b}{}{}} {\bar{{\text {b}{}{}}}{}{}} $$ final state is developed to derive the background model and extract the signal. The data are found to be consistent, within uncertainties, with the SM predictions. The observed (expected) upper limits at 95% confidence level are found to be 3.8 (3.8) and 5.0 (2.9) times the SM prediction for the $${\text {Z}{}{}} {\text {Z}{}{}} $$ and $${\text {Z}{}{}} {\text {H}{}{}} $$ production cross sections, respectively.

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Optical properties of thin-film vanadium dioxide from the visible to the far infrared

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Wan, Chenghao Zhang, Zhen Woolf, David Hessel, Colin M. Rensberg, Jura Hensley, Joel M. Xiao, Yuzhe Shahsafi, Alireza Salman, Jad Richter, Steffen Sun, Yifei Qazilbash, M. Mumtaz Schmidt-Grund, Rüdiger Ronning, Carsten Ramanathan, Shriram Kats, Mikhail A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Physical Sciences Inc. 20 New England Business Center AndoverMA01810-1077 United States Institute for Solid State Physics Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Jena07743 Germany Universität Leipzig Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics Linnéstr. 5 Leipzig04103 Germany ELI Beamlines Fyzikální ústav AV ČR v.v.i. Za Radnicí Dolní Břežany835 Czech Republic Department of Physics College of William and Mary WilliamsburgVA23187-8795 United States

The insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) in vanadium dioxide (VO2) can enable a variety of optics applications, including switching and modulation, optical limiting, and tuning of optical resonators. Despite the widespread interest in optics, the optical properties of VO2 across its IMT are scattered throughout the literature, and are not available in some wavelength regions. We characterized the complex refractive index of VO2 thin films across the IMT for free-space wavelengths from 300 nm to 30 µm, using broadband spectroscopic ellipsometry, reflection spectroscopy, and the application of effective-medium theory. We studied VO2 thin films of different thickness, on two different substrates (silicon and sapphire), and grown using different synthesis methods (sputtering and sol gel). While there are differences in the optical properties of VO2 synthesized under different conditions, they are relatively minor compared to the change resulting from the IMT, most notably in the ~2 – 11 µm range where the insulating phase of VO2 has relatively low optical loss. We found that the macroscopic optical properties of VO2 are much more robust to sample-to-sample variation compared to the electrical properties, making the refractive-index datasets from this article broadly useful for modeling and design of VO2-based optical and optoelectronic components. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Vanadium dioxide

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Impact of thermal fluctuations on transport in antiferromagnetic semimetals

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Kim, Youngseok Park, Moon Jip Cahill, David G. Gilbert, Matthew J. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory University of Illinois 208 N. Wright Street UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign UrbanaIL61801 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois UrbanaIL61801 United States Stanford University Electrical Engineering StanfordCA94305 United States

Recent demonstrations on manipulating antiferromagnetic (AF) order have triggered a growing interest in antiferromagnetic metal (AFM), and potential high-density spintronic applications demand further improvements in the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR). The antiferromagnetic semimetals (AFS) are newly discovered materials that possess massless Dirac fermions that are protected by the crystalline symmetries. In this material, a reorientation of the AF order may break the underlying symmetries and induce a finite energy gap. As such, the possible phase transition from the semimetallic to insulating phase gives us a choice for a wide range of resistance ensuring a large AMR. To further understand the robustness of the phase transition, we study thermal fluctuations of the AF order in AFS at a finite temperature. For macroscopic samples, we find that the thermal fluctuations effectively decrease the magnitude of the AF order by renormalizing the effective Hamiltonian. Our finding suggests that the insulating phase exhibits a gap narrowing at elevated temperatures, which leads to a substantial decrease in AMR. We also examine spatially correlated thermal fluctuations for microscopic samples by solving the microscopic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation finding a qualitative difference of the gap narrowing in the insulating phase. For both cases, the semimetallic phase shows a minimal change in its transmission spectrum illustrating the robustness of the symmetry protected states in AFS. Our finding may serve as a guideline for estimating and maximizing AMR of the AFS samples at elevated temperatures. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antiferromagnetism

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Orbital angular momentum of light

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2018年

作者： Ni, Jincheng Wang, Zhongyu Lao, Zhaoxin Hu, Yanlei Huang, Kun Ji, Shengyun Li, Jiawen Huang, Zhixiang Wu, Dong Qiu, Chengwei Chu, Jiaru CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui230027 China Department of Optical Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui230026 China Anhui University Hefei Anhui230039 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore117583 Singapore

Circular dichroism (CD) induced by spin angular momentum of light is vital to investigate the chirality of microscopic objects such as molecules, proteins and metamaterials. However, orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light failed to directly implement an interaction with chiral molecules, which remains poorly understood. Even with the enhancement of unique plasmonic nanoparticle aggregates, the helical dichroism (HD) is still at a small level of ~0.6%. Here, we experimentally report the direct observation of a giant HD at the level of ~120% by matching the scales of chiral microstructures and OAM beams. Our results reveal a strong interaction between OAM beams and chiral microstructures in terms of their distinct reflectance, resulting in sign-opposite HD values to distinguish their chirality. Such unique HD phenomenon is investigated experimentally under various diameters and helical pitches of chiral structures, showing the robust performance. This HD technique can widely extend the responding areas of chiral spectroscopy in biology, material science and nanotechnology. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dichroism

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