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Imaging atomic-scale chemistry from fused multi-modal electron microscopy

npj Computational materials 2022年第1期8卷 164-171页

作者： Jonathan Schwartz Zichao Wendy Di Yi Jiang Alyssa J.Fielitz Don-Hyung Ha Sanjaya D.Perera Ismail El Baggari Richard D.Robinson Jeffrey A.Fessler Colin Ophus Steve Rozeveld Robert Hovden Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Dow Chemical Co. MidlandMIUSA Department of Material Science and Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA School of Integrative Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA The Rowland Institute at Harvard CambridgeMAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA National Center for Electron Microscopy Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryMolecular FoundryBerkeleyCAUSA Applied Physics Program University of MIchiganAnn ArborMIUnited States

Efforts to map atomic-scale chemistry at low doses with minimal noise using electron microscopes are fundamentally limited by inelastic ***,fused multi-modal electron microscopy offers high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)recovery of material chemistry at nano-and atomic-resolution by coupling correlated information encoded within both elastic scattering(high-angle annular dark-field(HAADF))and inelastic spectroscopic signals(electron energy loss(EELS)or energy-dispersive x-ray(EDX)).By linking these simultaneously acquired signals,or modalities,the chemical distribution within nanomaterials can be imaged at significantly lower doses with existing detector *** many cases,the dose requirements can be reduced by over one order of *** high SNR recovery of chemistry is tested against simulated and experimental atomic resolution data of heterogeneous nanomaterials.

关键词： materials chemistry fused

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Recent advances in natural fiber reinforced metal/ceramic/polymer composites: An overview of the structure-property relationship for engineering applications

Hybrid Advances

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Hybrid Advances 2025年 8卷

作者： Olanrewaju, Olajesu Oladele, Isiaka Oluwole Adelani, Samson Oluwagbenga Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University Ames IA United States Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Technology PMB Akure 704 Nigeria Centre for Nanomechanics and Tribocorrosion School of Metallurgy Chemical and Mining Engineering University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder 80303 CO United States

Advances in the material science world drive the birth of a new generation of sustainable materials. Natural fiber (NFs) biocomposites are emerging as valuable alternatives to conventional materials for engineering applications such as construction, automobiles, and aerospace due to their exceptional mechanical properties, lightweight, low carbon footprint, energy efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. These outstanding properties have made them more desirable for engineering applications. However, the focus has been on lignocellulosic fibers, neglecting other sources, such as keratinous, fibrinous, and microorganism fibers. Only a few reviews have considered the structure-property relationship of all classes of natural fibers, such as lignocellulosic (plant), keratinous and fibrinous (animal), and microorganism (mycelium) fibers. Although NFs have outstanding potential from an economic, technical, environmental, and green credentials perspective, they have limitations, such as fiber-matrix incompatibility and moisture damage. These limitations make using NFs as reinforcement for different material systems challenging. Surface alterations are usually necessary to improve the adherence between fiber and matrix. With the upgrade, NFs have the potential as sustainable replacement for conventional materials for engineering applications. Future research should aim at reconciling the mechanical properties of NFs to improve composite quality and fiber-matrix adherence and performance. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Biocomposites Fibrinous Keratinous Lignocellulosic Microorganism Natural fiber

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Growth, optimization and high-temperature performance of GeO2/Ga2O3 MOSCAPs

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Manikanthababu, N. Karmakar, Subrata Shiam, Ishtiaq Firoz Emu, Injamamul Hoque Haque, Ariful Droopad, Ravi Electrical Engineering Ingram School of Engineering Texas State University San MarcosTX78666 United States Materials Science Engineering & Commercialization Program Texas State University San MarcosTX78666 United States

In this study, GeO2 thinfilms were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique on β-Ga2O3, (―201) single crystal substrates to fabricate metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors (MOSCAPs), and test these devices at high temperatures. The GeO2 thinfilms with bandgap of 5.11 eV are amorphous in nature, confirmed by X-ray diffraction, and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the formation of GeO2. The Ge 3d deconvoluted peak at 32.4 eV confirms the GeO2 bonding, with an additional peak found at 30.9 eV resembling a small portion of GeO2-x. The Au/GeO2/Ga2O3 MOSCAPs were fabricated to test the high-temperature performance up to 300 oC. The I–V graphs showed an increase in the reverse leakage current by 3.9×104 A (nearly four orders of magnitude) as the temperature raised from room temperature (RT) to 300 oC. Since the GeO2-x presence, the current conduction mechanism of Poole-Frenkel emission was utilized to get the trap level of 0.8 V (below the conduction band of GeO2) with an activation energy of 0.55 eV. C–V measurements also show a significant contribution of defects in the flat-band voltage shift and the change of the slopes. This indicates an increase in the oxide and interface-trapped charges. The density of oxide-trapped charges (DO) increased from 3.9×1012 cm-2 to 1.3×1013 cm-2, as the temperature reached 300 oC. Similarly, the density of interface-trapped charges (DI) increased from 3.4×1012 cm-2 at RT to 1.1×1013 cm-2 at 300 oC. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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Piezoelectricity of strain-induced overall water splitting of Ni(OH)2/MoS2 heterostructure

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Journal of materials Chemistry A 2023年第7期11卷 3481-3492页

作者： Le, Kim Tuyen Pham, Nguyet N. T. Liao, Yin-Song Ranjan, Ashok Lin, Hsun-Yen Chen, Po-Han Nguyen, Hoang Lu, Ming Yen Lee, Seung Geol Wu, Jyh Ming Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu300 Taiwan Department of Chemistry University of Science Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Viet Nam School of Chemical Engineering Pusan National University 2 Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil Geumjeong-gu Busan46241 Korea Republic of Department of Organic Material Science and Engineering Pusan National University 2 Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil Geumjeong-gu Busan46241 Korea Republic of PhD Program in Prospective Functional Materials Industry National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu300 Taiwan High Entropy Materials Center National Tsing Hua University 101 Section 2 Kuang Fu Road Hsinchu300 Taiwan Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City Linh Trung Ward Thu Duc City Ho Chi Minh City700000 Viet Nam

In this study, we synthesized several active sites of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoflowers (NFs) decorated with Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles (NPs) to form heterostructures. Our results revealed that Ni(OH)2/MoS2 NF heterostructures caused the splitting of water into hydrogen (H2) and oxygen (O2) gas. The Ni(OH)2/MoS2 NF interface exhibited strain-induced piezoelectric potential (piezopotential) that promoted charge separation, reducing the kinetic barrier in the water splitting process and promoting the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In high-resolution transmission microscopy images, the measured lattice fringe d spacing was approximately 0.67 nm, which was higher than the reported value. The calculated tensile strain of Ni(OH)2/MoS2 NF heterostructures was approximately 3.5%. The findings based on density-functional theory and using the finite element method indicated that the interfacial piezopotential generated between Ni(OH)2 and MoS2 NFs enhanced charge transfer and electrochemical reactions. To obtain a current density up to 10 mA cm−2, we set the overpotential and Tafel slope of Ni(OH)2/MoS2 NF heterostructures at 155 mV and 62.1 mV dec−1 for the HER and 328 mV and 69.3 mV dec−1 for the OER, respectively. Moreover, a high Faraday efficiency (84.1%) was observed over 48 h, with no significant decline in the HER and OER. © 2023 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Molybdenum disulfide

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Transient Ruddlesden-Popper-Type Defects and Their Influence on Grain Growth and Properties of Lithium Lanthanum Titanate Solid Electrolyte

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ACS Nano 2024年第16期18卷 10850-10862页

作者： Borštnar, Petruša Dražić, Goran Šala, Martin Lin, Che-An Lin, Shih-Kang Spreitzer, Matjaž Daneu, Nina Advanced Materials Department Jožef Stefan Institute Jamova cesta 39 Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School Jamova cesta 39 Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Department of Materials Chemistry National Institute of Chemistry Hajdrihova 19 Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Department of Analytical Chemistry National Institute of Chemistry Hajdrihova19 Ljubljana1000 Slovenia Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

Lithium lanthanum titanate (LLTO) perovskite is one of the most promising electrolytes for all-solid-state batteries, but its performance is limited by the presence of grain boundaries (GBs). The fraction of GBs can be significantly reduced by the preparation of coarse-grained LLTO ceramics. In this work, we describe an alternative approach to the fabrication of ceramics with large LLTO grains based on self-seeded grain growth. In compositions with the starting stoichiometry for the Li0.20La0.60TiO3 phase and with a high excess addition of Li (Li:La:Ti = 11:15:25), microstructure development starts with the formation of the layered RP-type Li2La2Ti3O10 phase. Grains with many RP-type defects initially develop into large platelets with thicknesses of up to 10 μm and lengths over 100 μm. Microstructure development continues with the crystallization of LLTO perovskite, epitaxially on the platelets and as smaller grains with thinner in-grain RP-lamellae. Theoretical calculations confirmed that the formation of RP-type sequences is energetically favored and precedes the formation of the LLTO perovskite phase. At around 1250 °C, the RP-type sequences become thermally unstable and gradually recrystallize to LLTO via the ionic exchange between the Li-rich RP-layers and the neighboring Ti and La layers as shown by quantitative HAADF-STEM. At higher sintering temperatures, LLTO grains become free of RP-type defects and the small grains recrystallize onto the large platelike seed grains via Ostwald ripening. The final microstructure is coarse-grained LLTO with total ionic conductivity in the range of 1 × 10-4 S/cm. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Solid electrolytes

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Subtractive processing of thick silicon nitride waveguide resonators: a comparison of soft and hard etch templates 25

Subtractive processing of thick silicon nitride waveguide re...

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Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XXV 2023

作者： Colacion, Gabriel M. Rukh, Lala Stone, Brandon Drake, Tara E. Optical Science & Engineering Program Center for High Technology Materials University of New Mexico 1313 Goddard SE AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States Dept. of Physics & Astronomy University of New Mexico 210 Yale Blvd NE AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510659193

Chip-based photonic microresonators are attractive for a multitude of applications owing to their small form factors and compatibility with photonic integration and standard CMOS fabrication. Within the last decade, the ring resonator geometry has gained widespread adoption in the application of optical frequency comb generation. However, these devices often require waveguides several hundreds of nanometers thick, posing a challenge for subtractive fabrication processes where the desired pattern must be chemically etched with the use of a protective "mask" pattern. Here, we demonstrate two procedures for subtractive processing of thick SiN waveguides based on both a polymer-based "soft" photoresist mask and a chromium metallic "hard" mask as etch templates. Optical characterization of our devices fabricated with both soft mask and hard mask techniques demonstrate quality factors of 320k ± 100k and 500k ± 180k., respectively. Furthermore, this work details two reliable pathways for achieving high quality optical microring resonators and illustrates the benefits and drawbacks of these two techniques. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Silicon nitride

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Light-driven single-cell rotational adhesion frequency assay

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eLight 2022年第1期2卷 154-164页

作者： Yaoran Liu Hongru Ding Jingang Li Xin Lou Mingcheng Yang Yuebing Zheng Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Materials Science&Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA School of Physical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808GuangdongChina Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

The interaction between cell surface receptors and extracellular ligands is highly related to many physiological processes in living *** techniques have been developed to measure the ligand-receptor binding kinetics at the single-cell ***,few techniques can measure the physiologically relevant shear binding affinity over a single cell in the clinical ***,we develop a new optical technique,termed single-cell rotational adhesion frequency assay(scRAFA),that mimics in vivo cell adhesion to achieve label-free determination of both homogeneous and heterogeneous binding kinetics of targeted cells at the subcellular ***,the scRAFA is also applicable to analyze the binding affinities on a single cell in native human *** its superior performance and general applicability,scRAFA is expected to find applications in study of the spatial organization of cell surface receptors and diagnosis of infectious diseases.

关键词： diagnosis kinetics rotational

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Development of a novel quality control indicator for coffee roasting based on the digitalization of smell by a portable electronic nose

Development of a novel quality control indicator for coffee ...

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International Joint Conference on Computer science and Software engineering (JCSSE)

作者： Varanya Somaudon Pathapee Sakuldee Teerakiat Kerdcharoen Faculty of Science Materials Science and Engineering Program Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand School of Science Material Engineering Mae Fah Luang University Chiang rai Thailand Department of Physics Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand

Northern Thailand is home to several Arabica coffee-growing regions, including Mae-kampong, Teentok, Mae-lord, and Monngo Valleys, whose coffees are featured throughout this study. These coffees have distinct aromas and flavors due to their varied cultivation locations, which are influenced by unique climatic conditions. The purpose of this paper is to comprehend the aroma of coffees brought from various locations and roasted under the same conditions. Our lab-made electronic nose (e-nose) was used to digitalize and analyze the smell of coffee. In order to monitor the coffee scent throughout roasting and assess how similar the aromas of coffee samples taken from various locations are to one another, principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were used. It was found that our e-nose system is an effective tool for determining the geo-location of the coffee origin as well as for quality control of coffee production.

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Optoelectric Raman Nanosensors: Overcoming Intrinsic Limit in Nano-biosensing

Research Square

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Research Square 2024年

作者： Lian, Bin Li, Huaizhi Guo, Jianhe Fan, Donglei Emma Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas AustinTX78712 United States Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Chandra Family Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

It is intrinsically difficult to detect low-concentration biomolecules with both ultra-sensitivity and high speed for early-stage disease diagnosis. The challenge originates from the small size of nanosensors, which enables ultra-sensitivity biosensing, while also substantially increases the detection time of dilute molecules. in this work, we report an original optoelectric sensing scheme, along with an innovative device design and a strategic fabrication approach to overcome such a challenge in biosensing. The proposed scheme exploits the profound optoelectric effect of semiconductor silicon nanowires, which can readily enrich trace-amounts of biomolecules at the point of laser and simultaneously detect Raman signals of focused molecules. The device design includes large arrays of silicon nanorods with electrodes integrated at their roots, and surface-distributed dense plasmonic silver nanoparticles for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection. Operating at only -0.8 V in an electrochemical cell, these optoelectric nanosensors readily achieve a 150-fold signal enhancement, improving the detection limit of probing molecules, adenine, by five orders of magnitude, to 0.6 fM. The enhancement effect is robust, observed across concentrations from 1 μM to 1 fM. The working mechanism is general, not only for detecting small molecules, such as adenine, but also for large charged molecules, such as Vertebrate DNA. The underlying novel mechanism is unraveled by multiscale numerical simulations and calculations. This research, addressing an arduous bottleneck issues in nanobiosensing, is expected to inspire a new class of biochemical sensors, important for the practical detection of trace-amount biochemicals in solution, important for clinic relevant early-stage disease diagnostics. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Nanorods

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Increased corrosion resistance of steel substrates coated with epoxy resin/ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 obtained from electric arc furnace dust recovery

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Journal of materials Research and Technology 2025年 36卷 9462-9472页

作者： Mário Andrean Macedo Castro Tanara Caroline Nunes Nicácio Antonio Carlos do Nascimento Santos José Eudes Lima Santos Luis David Loor-Urgilés Antonio Eduardo Martinelli Fabiana Villela da Motta Mauricio Bomio LSQM–Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Materials Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN P.O. Box 1524 Natal RN Brazil Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970 Natal RN Brazil Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte 59078-900 Natal RN Brazil

The sustainable management of metal-rich industrial wastes, such as electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), remains a critical challenge for the steel industry. Although previous studies have investigated metal recovery routes and their application in functional materials, few have explored the reuse of these wastes as active components in anticorrosive coatings. This work proposes an innovative approach for valorizing EAFD, recovering iron (Fe 2 O 3 ) and zinc (ZnO) oxides through acid leaching, basic precipitation, and heat treatment. After recovery, mixed ZnO/Fe 2 O 3 oxides were prepared in different proportions and incorporated as nanofillers in an epoxy matrix, creating a hybrid coating aimed at protecting carbon steel against corrosion. The obtained materials were characterized by XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and BET analysis, while the mechanical and anticorrosive properties were evaluated by Vickers hardness tests, Potentiodynamic Polarization and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. After 240 h of immersion in saline solution and 360 h of Salt-spray test, the coating with the highest Fe 2 O 3 content demonstrated superior performance, reducing the corrosion rate by up to 100 times and increasing the load transfer resistance by up to 80 times. The contribution of this study lies in both the proposal of a new cycle for reusing steel waste and in demonstrating a viable route for developing high-performance anticorrosive coatings with potential for industrial application in sectors such as oil and gas. The combination of waste recovery and functional improvement of the material positions this study as a technologically and environmentally relevant solution.

关键词： EAFD ZnO Fe 2 O 3 Epoxy resin Anti-corrosive coatings

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