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Inclusive STEAM education in diverse disciplines of sustainable energy and AI

Energy and AI 2022年第1期7卷 43-47页

作者： Michelle Skowronek Renée M.Gilberti Michael Petro Christopher Sancomb Stacy Maddern Jasna Jankovic Urban and Community Studies University of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States McNair Scholars Program Center for Academic ProgramsInstitute for Student SuccessUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation Institute for Student SuccessUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States Industrial Design Department of Art and Art HistorySchool of Fine ArtsUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States Materials Science and Engineering Department Center for Clean Energy Engineering and Institute for Materials ScienceUniversity of ConnecticutStorrsUnited States

This perspective article explores challenges of traditional education in science,technology,engineering and math(STEM)as it relates to emerging sustainable energy and artificial intelligence development.A special perspective is given for education of underrepresented and minority students in *** discuss the existing issues and suggest that,for an equitable sustainable education in the area of energy,artificial intelligence and sustainable society in general,science and technology knowledge should be acquired in conjunction with humanities and arts,through a multidisciplinary STEM+Art(STEAM)approach and special programming that supports inclusion of diverse professional,socio-economical,racial and gender *** underscore that infusing technical training with social sciences,arts,ethics,and business prepares future leaders to creatively participate in solving identifiable barriers towards a sustainable *** these are challenges caused by climate change,social tensions,or systematic inequalities,such holistic and sustainable education has the power to ease complex global crises,empower and dignify all people,as well as interrupt environmental degradation.

关键词： STEM STEAM Sustainability Energy AI

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Problems With Solutions: engineering Alkylammonium Additive Reactivity for Durable High-Quality Perovskite Films

Problems With Solutions: Engineering Alkylammonium Additive ...

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IEEE Conference Photovoltaic Specialists (PVSC)

作者： Jack R. Palmer Soichiro Iwamoto Clark Han Connor J. Dolan Hendrik M. Vossler Sean P. Dunfield David P. Fenning Materials Science and Engineering Program UC San Diego La Jolla CA United States Department of NanoEngineering UC San Diego La Jolla CA United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665464260

ISBN: (纸本)9781665475822

Methylammonium chloride (MACl) is used as a volatile additive in most high-efficiency formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, MA is known to irreversibly react with FA to form n-methyl formamidinium (nMFA), which is detrimental to the absorber quality. In this work, we explore a series of alternative primary alkylammonium chlorides (RACls) in an antisolvent-free deposition. We analyze ink reactivity toward FA, film crystallinity, photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), and durability under light and heat. We find that the alkyl chain has a significant effect on reaction rate with FA, with isopropylammonium (iPA) showing a 10 times slower reaction rate than MA. Diffraction intensity of the (001) perovskite peak is maximized with ethylammonium (EA) and iPA, then decreases with the increasing alkyl chain length of n-propyl (nPA) and n-butyl (nBA) ammonium. Importantly, films cast from aged solutions containing the alternative RACl additives all formed majority black perovskite α-phase, while the MACl controls did not, highlighting the negative impact of nMFA. PLQY of alternative additives were comparable to pristine MACl and was retained in films made after solution aging. Durability tests of unencapsulated films in inert atmosphere under 0.6-sun illumination and 85°C heating revealed increased stability of the black perovskite α-phase by replacing MA, with iPA and nBA offering the best phase stability. Unoptimized devices prepared with fresh inks containing iPACl deliver performance on par with the MACl control. The results presented herein demonstrate promising alternative volatile additives to replace MACl in FAPbI3-based perovskite solar cells.

关键词： Heating systems Photovoltaic systems Performance evaluation Additives Photovoltaic cells Ink Photoluminescence Aging Perovskites Stability analysis

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Computational inverse design of acoustoplasmonic metasurfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Holland, Julia E. Boechler, Nicholas Poulikakos, Lisa V. Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering UC La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0021 United States Program in Materials Science & Engineering UC La Jolla San DiegoCA92093-0021 United States

Optical and acoustic metasurfaces are two-dimensional arrays of subwavelength elements that locally modulate or phase shift incident waves. Acoustoplasmonic metasurfaces combine the physics of light and sound, producing acoustic wavefronts in response to optical stimuli. Herein, we present a computational inverse acoustoplasmonic metasurface design algorithm for desired optically-generated acoustic wave fields. We consider gold nanoparticles producing spherical acoustic waves in water, and the resulting acoustic wave propagation along the plane containing the nanoparticle array. We demonstrate how our algorithm can be used to design metasurfaces that can be used to achieve complex acoustic wave fields. This includes the design of a single metasurface that produces acoustic wave fields mimicking two different Morse code patterns upon stimulation with two orthogonal polarization states of light. This work provides a new tool for the design of complex optically generated acoustic wavefronts, enabling functionality beyond what would be achievable with off-optical-resonance optoacoustic excitation. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acoustic wave propagation

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Textured BaTiO3 nanorod arrays synthesized via hydrothermal method: Enhanced degradation of Rhodamine B with piezocatalysis

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Chiu, Yen-Lun Chang, Kao-Shuo Program on Key Materials Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan Department of Materials Science & Engineering National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan

This paper presents a hydrothermal method for fabricating textured BaTiO3 (BTO) nanorod arrays with high crystallinity on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrates by applying a polarization treatment to the samples to explore the feasibility of enhancing their piezoelectric properties. The preparation of highly textured BTO nanorod arrays using a two-step hydrothermal process was investigated in detail, including the spin-coating process for depositing the TiO2 seed layer, the influence of solution acidity on the hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 nanorod arrays, and the formation mechanism of textured BTO nanostructures. The piezoelectric constants (d33) of the samples were determined using piezoresponse force microscopy. S-BTO(P), which has high crystallinity and preferential orientation, achieves a d33 as high as 85.4 p.m./V after poling, which is 3.2 times higher than that without textured structures and poling. Our findings revealed that chemically controlling and inducing a preferential orientation in the crystal structure of piezoelectric materials with a seed layer and specific hydrothermal conditions can significantly enhance their piezoelectric properties after poling, making them excellent candidates for piezoelectric devices. Especially, this study confirms that the piezoelectric-enhanced charge separation in poled BTO nanorod arrays enables efficient generation of reactive species under ultrasonication, leading to effective degradation of RhB. The strong piezocatalytic performance highlights the material's potential for practical applications in environmental pollutant removal. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Piezoelectricity

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Identifying Prognostic Markers of Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma Using Bioinformatics

Identifying Prognostic Markers of Non-small Cell Lung Carcin...

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International Conference on Industrial Instrumentation and Control,ICI2C 2021

作者： Khan, Siladitya Chakraborty, Debamitra Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Goergen Institute for Data Science University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789811670107

We present a transcriptomics pipeline for performing the functional analysis of array expression profiling data of normal and adenocarcinoma lung tissue. Our aims are twofold, firstly to elucidate molecular processes that transform normal tissue, to a lung adenocarcinoma. Following this, we perform functional analysis to screen potential hub genes and demonstrate their value in cancer prognosis. Analysis was performed on a total of 500 differentially expressed genes (DEG), screened for their regulation and transcriptional modulation in a female population carrying non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Key pathways like cytokine-cytokine receptors, ECM receptor interactions, and TNF signaling were identified suggesting a potential role in lung tumorigenesis. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Bioinformatics

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Automatic 2D Material Detection in Optical Images using Deep Learning Based Computer Vision 4

Automatic 2D Material Detection in Optical Images using Deep...

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AI and Optical Data sciences IV 2023

作者： Ramezani, Fereshteh Parvez, Sheikh Fix, J. Pierce Battaglin, Arthur Whyte, Seamus Borys, Nicholas J. Whitaker, Bradley Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Montana State University Bozeman United States Department of Physics Montana State University Bozeman United States Materials Science Program Montana State University Bozeman United States Optical Technology Center Montana State University Bozeman United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510659810

Computer vision algorithms can quickly analyze numerous images and identify useful information with high accuracy. Recently, computer vision has been used to identify 2D materials in microscope images. 2D materials have important fundamental properties allowing for their use in many potential applications, including many in quantum information science and engineering. In order to use these materials for research and product development, single-layer 2D crystallites must be prepared through an exfoliation procedure and then identified using reflected light optical microscopy. Performing these searches manually is a time-consuming and tedious task. Deploying deep learning-based computer vision algorithms for 2D material search can automate the flake detection task with minimal need for human intervention. In this work, we have implemented a new deep learning pipeline to classify crystallites of 2D materials based on coarse thickness classifications in reflected-light optical micrographs. We have used DetectorRS as the object detector and trained it on 177 images containing hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) flakes of varying thickness. The trained model achieved a high detection accuracy for the rare category of thin flakes ( © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Object detection

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Autonomous Electron Tomography Reconstruction Using Bayesian Optimization

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Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 1915-1916页

作者： Millsaps, William Schwartz, Jonathan Di, Zichao Wendy Jiang, Yi Hovden, Robert Department of Nuclear Engineering Radiological Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States

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Nucleation effects of coccoliths in portland cement

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Matter 2025年

作者： Beatty, Danielle N. Srubar, Wil V. Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder 4001 Discovery Drive UCB 027 BoulderCO80303 United States Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering University of Colorado Boulder 1111 Engineering Drive ECOT 441 UCB 428 BoulderCO80309 United States

This work explores the use of photosynthesized coccoliths (intricate CaCO3 particles) as a nucleation agent or cement replacement in portland cement paste. First, coccoliths were produced and harvested from the marine microalgae Emiliania huxleyi and the particle size, morphology, and mineralogy were characterized. Then, the nucleation effects of E. huxleyi coccoliths as seeding agent (0.5, 1, 3, or 5 wt % additions) and limestone filler (5 and 15 wt % cement replacements) were studied using isothermal conduction calorimetry and compressive strength testing. The results were compared with five commercially available CaCO3 sources used as nucleation agents and fillers. While the high surface area of coccoliths (12.22 m2/g) enhanced water demand, it also enhanced nucleation during cement hydration without accelerating hydration, leading to enhanced early-age strength without detriments to 28-day strength. Results highlight a potential carbon reduction strategy, namely employing photosynthesis as a method of mineral admixture production, for the cement and concrete industry. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Portland cement

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Growth Mechanism and Photoresponses of Anodized WO3 Nanotubes Fabricated Using Aao Templates

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Chang, Yung-Huang Liao, Yi-Ting Huang, Chien-Sheng Chen, Yuan-Tsung Bachelor Program in Industrial Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Graduate School of Materials Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan

For anodic aluminum oxide (AAO)-assisted anodization process, almost all metal oxide nanostructures are in the form of nanodots and nanorods, while tubular metal oxide nanostructures are rarely investigated. In this study, the anodized WO3 nanotubes with cap structures are successfully fabricated via AAO assistance in an anodization process. The height of the WO3 nanotubes is limited to ~180 nm by an electric field of 0.75 GV/m due to the dielectric breakdown effect, which is larger than the height of ~130 nm for the nanorods with 0.855 GV/m. The WO3 species is the dominant component at the top of the nanotubes, while the incomplete oxides such as W2O5, WOx, and even tungsten metal rule the elementss at the bottom. The bottom-up growth mechanism of the WO3 nanotubes is identified at the oxide/metal interface. The photoresponse of the WO3 nanotubes exhibits superiority under blue and UV light irradiation compared to the incompletely anodized WO3 nanorings, whereas opposite results are observed under red and green light irradiation. This result demonstrates that completely anodized structures facilitate exciton pumping, while incomplete oxides are conducive to low-energy excitons. The unique tubular metal oxide nanostructures are advantageous for designing various sensing devices, especially in optics. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Excitons

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MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 3D PRINTED POLYAMIDE 6 NANOGRAPHENE COMPOSITE FOR ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE APPLICATIONS

MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 3D PRINTED POL...

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SAMPE 2022 Conference and Exhibition

作者： Arigbabowo, Oluwasola K. Omer, Liam Tate, Jitendra Materials Science Engineering and Commercialization Program Texas State University 601 University Drive San MarcosTX78666 United States Ingram School of Engineering Texas State University 601 University Drive San MarcosTX78666 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781934551417

Polyamide 6 (PA 6) is an engineering thermoplastic that can be used to develop polymer nanocomposite with high potential in electrostatic discharge applications. By the incorporation of nanofillers in PA 6 to enhance multifunctional properties, PA 6 nanocomposites can serve as technological alternatives to commercial thermoplastics for 3D printing via fused deposition modelling (FDM). Hence, this study evaluated the mechanical and electrical properties of 3D printed PA6 nanographene composites for electrostatic discharge applications. 2, 4 and 6 wt.% of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) was compounded with PA6 using co-rotating twin screw extruder to produce 1.75mm diameter monofilaments for FDM 3D printing. The test samples were printed using commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) 3D printer, Lulzbot TAZ 6 FDM printer. Morphology, mechanical and electrical characterization was carried out according to their respective ASTM standard. An improvement in tensile and flexural properties were observed with an increase in nanographene addition, and a maximum improvement of 61.4 and 55.9% in tensile and flexural modulus respectively was recorded at 6wt% loading level. Electrical conduction of the insulative polyamide 6 matrix was enhanced by an appreciable reduction of its volume resistivity to 1011 Ω.cm by 2wt% nanographene loading, which seems promising for manufacturing static discharge products. Copyright 2022. Used by the Society of the Advancement of Material and Process engineering with permission.

关键词： Graphene

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