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Force Sensor and MSP430-based System for Motion Detection during Sleep

Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2019年第12期68卷 1612-1617页

作者： Kim, Jaepil Park, Sooji Shin, Hangsik Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering Chonnam National University Yeosu Korea Republic of

The purpose of this study is to develop a system that can measure the movement of the human body during sleep in a way that does not constrain the body. In this study, a measurement system was implemented using a strip-type force sensor placed on a mattress, under the user's body, and an MSP430G2553 ultra-low-power processor. The strip sensor was fabricated using Polyvinylidene fluoride film. The signal obtained from the sensor was pre-processed and amplified through the developed analog front-end, and then converted to a digital signal through the ADC of MSP430. The MSP430 uses a timer interrupt and an ADC interrupt to minimize CPU operation time for low power operation. Through the comparison with the reference instrument, it was confirmed that the developed system can track the tossing, turning and breathing signals during sleep. Copyright © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.

关键词： Motion analysis

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Quantifying Outdoor Cooling Effects of Vertical Green System on Mean Radiant Temperature

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Yun, Seok Hwan Lee, Dong Kun Kim, Na Youn Piao, Zheng Gang Kim, Sang Hyuck Park, Seunghwan Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Building Energy Research Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology Goyang10223 Korea Republic of

Vertical green systems (VGS) are expected to mitigate outdoor heat stress through a transpiration cooling effect. There is a lack of knowledge on how VGS influence outdoor thermal comfort, particularly focusing on energy flux. This study quantifies the outdoor cooling effects of VGS, and distinguishes the energy flux between them and outdoor urban spaces. In addition, we discuss their cooling efficiency. Outdoor experiments were conducted during the hot summer period on building facades in city. Our study on VGS focused on the measurement of climatic variables, surface temperatures of plant leaves (Fatsia japonica), net radiation, and estimating transpiration and evaporation. The surface temperature of VGS were up to 4.3 °C higher than those of high albedo walls, while the reflected radiations (short and long-wave radiation) were 120 w/m2 lower than albedo walls during the day. The mean radiant temperature (MRT) of VGS was 3.02 °C lower than the high albedo wall during daytime, except in the case of shaded areas (0.45 °C). We confirmed that the cooling efficiency of transpiration was 7.38 times more effective than evaporation from soil without plants. Therefore, VGS is efficient in terms of long-term heat reduction and can be an effective strategy to mitigate outdoor heat stress. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Transpiration

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A MEMS ultrasound stimulation system for modulation of neural circuits with high spatial resolution in vitro

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Microsystems & nanoengineering 2019年第1期5卷 356-366页

作者： Jungpyo Lee Kyungmin Ko Hyogeun Shin Soo-Jin Oh CJustin Lee Namsun Chou Nakwon Choi Min Tack Oh Byung Chul Lee Seong Chan Jun Il-Joo Cho Center for BioMicrosystems Brain Science InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science&Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and Technology(UST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Center for Neuroscience Brain Science InstituteKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis Treatmentand Care System of DementiaKorea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea Center for Glia-Neuron Interaction Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)Seoul 02792Republic of Korea KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Division of Bio-Medical Science&Technology KIST SchoolKorea University of Science and TechnologyUSTYuseong-guDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

Neuromodulation by ultrasound has recently received attention due to its noninvasive stimulation capability for treating brain *** there have been several studies related to ultrasonic neuromodulation,these studies have suffered from poor spatial resolution of the ultrasound and low repeatability with a fixed condition caused by conventional and commercialized ultrasound *** addition,the underlying physics and mechanisms of ultrasonic neuromodulation are still *** determine these mechanisms and accurately modulate neural circuits,researchers must have a precisely controllable ultrasound transducer to conduct experiments at the cellular ***,we introduce a new MEMS ultrasound stimulation system for modulating neurons or brain slices with high spatial *** piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers(pMUTs)with small membranes(submm membranes)generate enough power to stimulate neurons and enable precise modulation of neural *** designed the ultrasound transducer as an array structure to enable localized modulation in the target *** addition,we integrated a cell culture chamber with the system to make it compatible with conventional cell-based experiments,such as in vitro cell cultures and brain *** this work,we successfully demonstrated the functionality of the system by showing that the number of responding cells is proportional to the acoustic intensity of the applied *** also demonstrated localized stimulation capability with high spatial resolution by conducting experiments in which cocultured cells responded only around a working transducer.

关键词： neural stimulation system

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Effect of Ammonium Formate Addition on Corrosion Behavior of Trivalent Chromium Coatings Electrodeposited in Deep Eutectic Solvents

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International Journal of Electrochemical science 2022年第7期17卷

作者： Sheu, Hung-Hua Lin, Tzu-Te Ger, Ming-Der Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan Taiwan System Engineering and Technology Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsin-Chu Taiwan Graduate School of National Defense Science Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan Taiwan

The Cr thin films were electrodeposited from trivalent chromium deep eutectic solvents. The conditions of deep eutectic solvents divided into without water (specimen C1), added 15 wt% water (specimen C2), added 15 wt% water with ammonium formate (specimen C3). The HR-TEM shows the structure of “C1” is amorphous structure, and both “C2” and “C3” belong to nano-crystalline structure. The best corrosion resistance of Cr thin film is “C3” which icorr value is approximately at 3.69×10^-7 A/cm², the worst corrosion resistance of Cr thin film is “C1” which icorr value is approximately at 3.05×10^-5 A/cm², it can be attributed to “C3” has a dense structure and “C1” has a loose structure. The EIS analysis also presents “C3” has the best corrosion resistance. The reason for the large difference in corrosion resistance can be attributed to the loose structure of the "C1" thin film and the gaps of film is perpendicular to substrate, the dense structure of the "C3" thin film can effectively protect the substrate. Moreover, the addition of ammonium formate into trivalent chromium deep eutectic solvents will promote the reduction reaction of Cr ions and form a dense film © 2022. The Authors. Published by ESG (***). This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/)

关键词： Ammonium formate Deep eutectic solvents Eis analysis

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Photonic Terahertz Phased Array

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Niu, Li Feng, Xi Zhang, Xueqian Lu, Yongchang Wang, Qingwei Xu, Quan Chen, Xieyu Ma, Jiajun Qiu, Haidi Sha, Wei E.I. Zhang, Shuang Alù, Andrea Zhang, Weili Han, Jiaguang Center for Terahertz Waves College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering The Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Information and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems of Zhejiang Province College of Information Science & Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York10016 United States School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Oklahoma State University StillwaterOK74078 United States Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing School of Optoelectronic Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin541004 China

Phased arrays are crucial in various technologies, such as radar and wireless communications, due to their ability to precisely control and steer electromagnetic waves. This precise control improves signal processing and enhances imaging performance. However, extending phased arrays to the terahertz (THz) frequency range has proven challenging, especially for high-frequency operation, broadband performance, two-dimensional (2D) phase control with large antenna arrays, and strong phase modulation. Here, we introduce a photonic platform to realize a THz phased array that bypasses the above challenges. Our method employs 2D phase coding with 2-bit across a broad THz frequency range from 0.8 to 1.4 THz. The core of our design is a pixelated nonlinear Pancharatnam-Berry metasurface driven by a spatially modulated femtosecond laser, allowing precise phase control of THz signals. We showcase the effectiveness of our method through four proof-of-concept applications: single beamforming, dual beamforming, imaging and vortex beam generation. The realized photonic platform provides a promising pathway for developing broadband phased arrays in the THz regime. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Terahertz waves

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Understanding the flat band in 1T−TaS2 using a rotated basis

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Physical Review B 2021年第24期104卷 L241114-L241114页

作者： Li Cheng Xuanyu Long Xiaobin Chen Xiaolong Zou Zheng Liu Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center (SGC) Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute (TBSI) and Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 China Institute for Advanced Study Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Science State Key Laboratory on Tunable Laser Technology and Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen 518055 China

Electronic flat bands serve as a unique platform to achieve strongly correlated phases. The emergence of a flat band around the Fermi level in 1T−TaS2 accompanied by the development of a 13×13 charge density wave (CDW) superlattice has long been noticed experimentally, but a transparent theoretical understanding remains elusive. We show that without the CDW order, the primary feature of the 1×1 bands can be fitted by a simple trigonometric function, and physically understood by choosing a rotated t2g basis with the principal axes aligning to the tilted TaS6 octahedron. Using this basis, we trace the band evolution in the 13×13 superlattice by progressively including different CDW effects. We point out that the CDW order strongly rehybridizes the three t̃2g orbitals, which leads to the formation of a well-localized molecular orbital and the flat band.

关键词： Charge density waves Electronic structure Strongly correlated systems Transition metal dichalcogenides

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The effect of Intra-peritoneal PDT for gastric cancer peritoneal carcinomatosis in mouse model

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Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy 2023年 41卷 103399-103399页

作者： KIM, Hyoung-Il LEE, Sang Won YANG, Seung Hee YU, Jae Eun PARK, Jong-Hyun PIRES, Layla WILSON, Brian C. Molecular Imaging Medical Biophysics Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University Health Network Department of Surgery Yonsei University College of Medicine Division of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Gastric Cancer Center Yonsei Cancer Center Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory Severance Hospital Yonsei Cancer Center Department of Nano-Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology of Seoul-National University Department of Medical Biophysics Faculty of Medicine University of Toronto

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the photodynamic effect of Phonozen, a newly developed photosensitizer, on varied illumination wavelength of 405 nm and 664 nm in a mouse model with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Materials and methodsPeritoneal carcinomatosis was induced by IP injection of 1 × 10 6 MKN45-luc cells to 9 week old female athymic nude mice. Ten days after induction, PDT was performed on 60 mice injecting Phonozen 3 hours before PDT. Twenty mice for each group underwent intra-peritoneal catheterization and underwent (A)no irradiation, irradiation with (B) 405nm, and (C) 664 nm for 1hour, delivering 50J per mouse. Fifteen of each group were observed for 20 weeks for survival analysis and five of each group were sacrificed 2 days after for quantitative assessment of necrosis status. ResultsBoth irradiation approach with 405 nm and 664 nm significantly prolonged the survival of PC mice over control group. No survival difference were observed between two irradiated group. Semiquantitative assessment showed significantly higher proportion of responder following irradiation of 405 nm than 664 nm. ConclusionPhonozen shows effective photodynamic tumoricidal effect. Activated by same power, 405 nm is more effective than 664nm for treatment of PC mice model

关键词： photodynamic therapy mice carcinomatosis phonozen

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Correction: A wearable colorimetric sweat pH sensor-based smart textile for health state diagnosis

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Materials horizons 2023年第12期10卷 5983页

作者： Ji-Hwan Ha Yongrok Jeong Junseong Ahn Soonhyoung Hwang Sohee Jeon Dahong Kim Jiwoo Ko Byeongmin Kang Young Jung Jungrak Choi Hyeonseok Han Jimin Gu Seokjoo Cho Hyunjin Kim Moonjeong Bok Su A Park Jun-Ho Jeong Inkyu Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea. inkyu@kaist.ac.kr. Department of Nano-manufacturing Technology Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea. jhjeong@kimm.re.kr. Department of Applied Bioengineering Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea. Nano-Convergence Mechanical Systems Research Division Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials Daejeon 34103 Republic of Korea.

Correction for 'A wearable colorimetric sweat pH sensor-based smart textile for health state diagnosis' by Ji-Hwan Ha , , 2023, , 4163-4171, https://***/10.1039/d3mh00340j.

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Role of NADPH oxidase and its therapeutic intervention in TGF-β-mediated EMT progression: an in vitro analysis on HeLa cervical cancer cells

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Applied Biological Chemistry 2020年第1期63卷 1-8页

作者： Muthuramalingam, Karthika Cho, Moonjae Kim, Youngmee Department of Biochemistry School of Medicine Jeju National University Jeju Republic of Korea Institute of Medical Science Jeju National University Jeju Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science Jeju National University Jeju Republic of Korea

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex biological event, wherein polarized epithelial cells lose their integrity resulting in a mesenchymal phenotype with enhanced motility, a phenomenon known as metastasis. However, the underlying mechanisms of EMT are still poorly understood in cervical carcinomas. In this study, we investigated the molecular signalling events responsible for the effect of TGF-β, a potent inducer of EMT, on HeLa cervical cancer cells. We observed that TGF-β treatment (5 ng/mL) upregulates the expression of EMT-associated transcription factors such as Snail and Slug and downregulates the expression of epithelial markers such as ZO-1 and E-cadherin. Furthermore, treatment with TGF-β activates both Smad-dependent and Smad-independent signaling pathways, which subsides upon addition of Diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a potent ROS inhibitor that inhibits NADPH oxidase (NOX). TGF-β treatment enhanced cellular migration and invasion ability was diminished in the presence of ROS inhibitors. In addition, we also observed that ROS-mediated, TGF-β-induced EMT progression was inhibited using therapeutic candidates that target the key signal transduction mediators, including PI3K/AKT, ERK, and P38/MAPK. Accordingly, we demonstrated the involvement of redox biology (NOX2 and NOX4 mediate migration and invasion) in TGF-β-mediated EMT advancement and explored suitable therapeutic interventions.

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Cellucalst enzyme-assisted extraction of Sargassum horneri enhances the immunomodulation by regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-kB pathway in murine splenocytes with or without Concanavalin A

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Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy 2024年 181卷 117673-117673页

作者： Yang, Jiwon Kim, Hyo Jin Herath, Kalahe Hewage Iresha Nadeeka Madushani Jee, Youngheun Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science Jeju National University Jeju 63243 South Korea Department of Food Bioengineering Jeju National University Jeju 690-756 South Korea Department of Environmental Health Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston Massachusetts United States Department of Biosystems Engineering Faculty of Agriculture and Plantation Management Wayamba University Gonawila Makandura 60170 Sri Lanka Department of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute Jeju National University Jeju 64243 South Korea

Sargassum horneri (S. horneri) is an edible species of large brown algae inhabiting along the coasts of northeastern Asia. The study focuses on the impact of celluclast enzyme extract of S. hoeneri (SHC) on various immune cell populations in splenocytes including granulocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and T lymphocytes. SHC alone increased the population of granulocytes and macrophages and the secretion of M1 macrophage-derived cytokines (TNF-α, IL-22), and M2 macrophage-derived cytokines (IL-4, IL-10). Interestingly, however, SHC suppressed the concanavalin A (Con A)-expanded populations of macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes, T and B cells, and Con A-promoted secretion of M1-macrophage derived cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-17, IL-22) and M2-macrophage derived cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, TGF-β). SHC further restrained the Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell responses through attenuating the expression of respective transcription factors T-bet, Gata3, and Rorγt. The anti-inflammatory property of SHC is highlighted through its influence on cytokine production, particularly in the NF-κB pathway, and the attenuation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling. The results reveal that SHC acts as both an immunostimulator and an inhibitor of hyperimmune reactions, showcasing its potential therapeutic applications in conditions involving dysregulated immune responses such as autoimmune diseases and inflammatory disorders. This positions SHC as a promising candidate for the development of functional ingredients with diverse applications encompassing the realms of food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. © 2024

关键词： Celluclast Concanavalin A S. horneri Splenocytes

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