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Features associated with diet pill use in individuals with eating disorders

Eating Behaviors 2008年第1期9卷 73-81页

作者： Reba-Harrelson, Lauren Von Holle, Ann Thornton, Laura M. Klump, Kelly L. Berrettini, Wade H. Brandt, Harry Crawford, Steven Crow, Scott Fichter, Manfred M. Goldman, David Halmi, Katherine A. Johnson, Craig Kaplan, Allan S. Keel, Pamela LaVia, Maria Mitchell, James Plotnicov, Katherine Rotondo, Alessandro Strober, Michael Treasure, Janet Woodside, D. Blake Kaye, Walter H. Bulik, Cynthia M. Department of Psychiatry University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill NC United States Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic Pittsburgh PA United States Department of Psychology Michigan State University East Lansing MI United States Center of Neurobiology and Behavior University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Center for Eating Disorders Sheppard Pratt Health System Towson MD United States Department of Psychiatry University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN United States Klinik Roseneck Hospital for Behavioral Medicine University of Munich (LMU) Germany National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Rockville MD United States Weill Cornell Medical College New York Presbyterian Hospital - Westchester Division White Plains NY United States Laureate Psychiatric Clinic and Hospital Tulsa OK United States Program for Eating Disorders Toronto General Hospital University Health Network Canada Department of Psychology University of Iowa United States University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences Department of Clinical Neuroscience Neuropsychiatric Research Institute Fargo ND United States Department of Psychiatry Pharmacology and Biotechnologies University of Pisa Pisa Italy UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior David Geffen School of Medicine University of California at Los Angeles Los Angeles CA United States Department of Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry King's College London England United Kingdom Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Nutrition University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC United States

We investigated the relation between diet pill use and eating disorder subtype, purging and other compensatory behaviors, body mass index (BMI), tobacco and caffeine use, alcohol abuse or dependence, personality characteristics, and Axis I and Axis II disorders in 1,345 participants from the multisite Price Foundation Genetics Studies. Diet pill use was significantly less common in women with restricting type of AN than in women with other eating disorder subtypes. In addition, diet pill use was associated with the use of multiple weight control behaviors, higher BMI, higher novelty seeking, and the presence of anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse or dependence, and borderline personality disorder. Findings suggest that certain clinical and personality variables distinguish individuals with eating disorders who use diet pills from those who do not. In the eating disorder population, vigilant screening for diet pill use should be routine clinical practice. © 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Diet pills Eating disorders Novelty seeking Weight control behaviors

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Correction: Progressive decline in hippocampal CA1 volume in individuals at ultra-high-risk for psychosis who do not remit: findings from the longitudinal youth at risk study

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Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2019年第12期44卷 2144页

作者： New Fei Ho Daphne J Holt Mike Cheung Juan Eugenio Iglesias Alex Goh Mingyuan Wang Joseph K W Lim Joshua de Souza Joann S Poh Yuen Mei See R Alison Adcock Stephen J Wood Michael W L Chee Jimmy Lee Juan Zhou Institute of Mental Health Singapore Singapore. new_fei_ho@imh.com.sg. Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore. new_fei_ho@imh.com.sg. Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA. Department of Psychology National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore. University College London London UK. Institute of Mental Health Singapore Singapore. Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore. Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Duke University Durham NC USA. School of Psychology University of Birmingham Birmingham UK. Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore. helen.zhou@duke-nus.edu.sg.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Genome-wide analyses identify 30 loci associated with obsessive–compulsive disorder

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Nature Genetics 2025年 1-13页

作者： Strom, Nora I. Gerring, Zachary F. Galimberti, Marco Yu, Dongmei Halvorsen, Matthew W. Abdellaoui, Abdel Rodriguez-Fontenla, Cristina Sealock, Julia M. Bigdeli, Tim Coleman, Jonathan R. Mahjani, Behrang Thorp, Jackson G. Bey, Katharina Burton, Christie L. Luykx, Jurjen J. Zai, Gwyneth Alemany, Silvia Andre, Christine Askland, Kathleen D. Bäckman, Julia Banaj, Nerisa Barlassina, Cristina Nissen, Judith Becker Bienvenu, O. Joseph Black, Donald Bloch, Michael H. Børte, Sigrid Bosch, Rosa Breen, Michael Brennan, Brian P. Brentani, Helena Buxbaum, Joseph D. Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas Byrne, Enda M. Cabana-Dominguez, Judit Camarena, Beatriz Camarena, Adrian Cappi, Carolina Carracedo, Angel Casas, Miguel Cavallini, Maria Cristina Ciullo, Valentina Cook, Edwin H. Crosby, Jesse Cullen, Bernadette A. De Schipper, Elles J. Delorme, Richard Djurovic, Srdjan Elias, Jason A. Estivill, Xavier Falkenstein, Martha J. Fundin, Bengt T. Garner, Lauryn Gironda, Christina Goes, Fernando S. Grados, Marco A. Grove, Jakob Guo, Wei Haavik, Jan Hagen, Kristen Harrington, Kelly Havdahl, Alexandra Höffler, Kira D. Hounie, Ana G. Hucks, Donald Hultman, Christina Janecka, Magdalena Jenike, Eric Karlsson, Elinor K. Kelley, Kara Klawohn, Julia Krasnow, Janice E. Krebs, Kristi Lange, Christoph Lanzagorta, Nuria Levey, Daniel Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin Macciardi, Fabio Maher, Brion Mathes, Brittany McArthur, Evonne McGregor, Nathaniel McLaughlin, Nicole C. Meier, Sandra Miguel, Euripedes C. Mulhern, Maureen Nestadt, Paul S. Nurmi, Erika L. O’Connell, Kevin S. Osiecki, Lisa Ousdal, Olga Therese Palviainen, Teemu Pedersen, Nancy L. Piras, Federica Potluri, Sriramya Rabionet, Raquel Ramirez, Alfredo Rauch, Scott Reichenberg, Abraham Riddle, Mark A. Ripke, Stephan Rosário, Maria C. Sampaio, Aline S. Schiele, Miriam A. Skogholt, Anne Heidi Sloofman, Laura G. Smit, Jan Artigas, María Soler Thomas, Laurent F. Tifft, Eric Vallada, Homero van Kirk, Nathanial Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy Vulink, Nienke N. Walker, Christopher P. Wang, Ying Wendland, Jens R. Winsvold Department of Psychology Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Berlin Germany Department of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG) Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich Munich Germany Centre for Psychiatry Research Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Services Region Stockholm Stockholm Sweden Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Bern Bern Switzerland Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience Translational Neurogenomics QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane QLD Australia Department of Population Health and Immunity Healthy Development and Ageing Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research Melbourne VIC Australia Department of Psychiatry Human Genetics Yale University New Haven CT United States VA Connecticut Healthcare System West Haven CT United States Department of Center for Genomic Medicine Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA United States Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA United States Department of Genetics University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC United States Department of Psychiatry Amsterdam University Medical Centers University of Amsterdam Amsterdam Netherlands Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS) Genomics and Bioinformatics University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain Grupo de Medicina Xenómica Genetics Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS) Santiago de Compostela Spain Vanderbilt Genetics Institute Vanderbilt University Nashville TN United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University Brooklyn NY United States VA NY Harbor Healthcare System Brooklyn NY United States Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre Insti

Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) affects ~1% of children and adults and is partly caused by genetic factors. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis combining 53,660 OCD cases and 2,044,417 controls and identified 30 independent genome-wide significant loci. Gene-based approaches identified 249 potential effector genes for OCD, with 25 of these classified as the most likely causal candidates, including WDR6, DALRD3 and CTNND1 and multiple genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region. We estimated that ~11,500 genetic variants explained 90% of OCD genetic heritability. OCD genetic risk was associated with excitatory neurons in the hippocampus and the cortex, along with D₁ and D₂ type dopamine receptor-containing medium spiny neurons. OCD genetic risk was shared with 65 of 112 additional phenotypes, including all the psychiatric disorders we examined. In particular, OCD shared genetic risk with anxiety, depression, anorexia nervosa and Tourette syndrome and was negatively associated with inflammatory bowel diseases, educational attainment and body mass index. © The Author(s) 2025.

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Association of Spousal Separation and Widowhood with Incident Dementia: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Neurocognitive Study (NCS)

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Alzheimer's & Dementia 2022年第S11期18卷

作者： Jiaxin Xie James R. Pike Keenan A Walker Kevin J Sullivan B Gwen Windham Rebecca F Gottesman National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Intramural Research Program Bethesda MD USA University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC USA Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience National Institute on Aging Intramural Research Program Baltimore MD USA University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA

Background Community-based investigations suggest that being unmarried in mid- to late-life increases dementia risk. However, these studies rarely distinguish the cause of unmarried status (i.e., whether divorced, widowed, or never married). We prospectively examined spousal separation/loss and dementia incidence in the ARIC study. Method 14,922 participants reported marital status and were dementia-free at baseline (Visit 3, 1993-95; mean age 59.6, SD 5.8). They were followed through 2019 with annual follow-up surveys of marital status (never married [n = 390], married [n = 7,314], divorced/separated [n = 1,512], widowed [n = 5,706]). Widowed or divorced/separated participants were asked when this event occurred. Dementia cases were adjudicated through in-person evaluations, informant interviews, and phone assessments from Visit 5 onward, and pre- and post-Visit 5 hospitalization codes and death certificates. We investigated the association between being widowed and being divorced/separated (both as time-varying variables) with dementia (excluding dementia in the first year after widowhood event) using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for demographics, APOEε4, and vascular risk factors. Results 2,931 dementia cases were identified. Demographic- and APOEε4-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) for dementia was 1.11 (1.02-1.21) in participants who were widowed compared to those who were not widowed, when time-varying widowhood status was considered. ( Table 1 ). This association was no longer significant when the model was further adjusted for time-variant covariates (e.g., vascular risk factors, occupation, health insurance status). A similar pattern was seen for number of times widowed, where results were suggestive of elevated dementia risk in minimally adjusted but not more fully adjusted models. Compared to participants who were neither widowed nor separated, participants who were widowed had a higher unadjusted HR (95% CI) for dementia, HR = 1.78 (1.65-1

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Revision of ICD – status update on feeding and eating disorders

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Advances in Eating disorders 2013年第1期1卷

作者： Samir Al-Adawi Brigita Bax Rachel Bryant-Waugh Angélica M. Claudino Phillipa Hay Palmiero Monteleone Claes Norring Kathleen M. Pike David J. Pilon Cecile Rausch Herscovici Geoffrey M. Reed Per-Anders Rydelius Pratap Sharan Cornelia Thiels Janet Treasure Rudolf Uher Department of Behavioral Medicine College of Medicine and Health Sciences Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Sultanate of Oman Eating Disorders Center University of Vilnius Vilnius Lithuania Feeding and Eating Disorders Service Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust London UK Eating Disorders Program Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo SP Brazil James Cook University & Foundation Chair of Mental Health School of Medicine University of Western Sydney Australia Department of Psychiatry University of Naples SUN Naples Italy Centre for Psychiatry Research Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Centre for Eating Disorders Stockholm Sweden Department of Psychiatry Columbia University New York USA Capital Health Halifax Nova Scotia Canada TESIS Center for Systems Therapies Buenos Aires Argentina Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse (MSD/MER) World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Psychiatry All India Institute of Medical Sciences Ansari Nagar New Delhi India Department of Social Studies University of Applied Sciences Bielefeld Bielefeld Germany Eating Disorders Unit Institute of Psychiatry King's College London London UK Department of Psychiatry Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia Canada B3H 2E2

The World Health Organization is currently revising the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10). A central goal for the revision of the ICD classification of mental and behavioural disorders is to improve its clinical utility. Global representation and cultural sensitivity and relevance are important across all mental disorders, but are especially critical to advancing our understanding, diagnosis and treatment of feeding and eating disorders (FED). This paper summarises the current status of the Eating disorders Consultation Group (EDCG) considerations regarding diagnostic categories for FEDs in ICD-11 and represents work in progress. The recommendations of the EDCG are informed by relevant research evidence, and the consultation group is striving to find a balance between clinical utility and diagnostic purity. Provisional recommendations of the EDCG include: (1) merger of previous FEDs categories in one group; (2) inclusion of six main FED categories that include anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), pica, regurgitation disorder, binge-eating disorder (BED) and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder, the last two representing new categories; (3) broadening of categories with the aim of reducing the use of the unspecified ED category (e.g. dropping the amenorrhea requirement, increasing the body mass index cut-off for low weight and rewording the cognitive and behavioural features of AN to be more culturally-sensitive). In line with this last recommendation, one point that require further analysis pertain to frequency and severity of the binge-eating and purging behaviours in BN and BED, as the EDCG is considering reducing or eliminating the frequency criterion and broadening the binge-eating criterion to include ‘subjective’ binge episodes.

关键词： mental disorders classification diagnosis International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders (DSM) clinical utility cross-cultural applicability eating disorders feeding disorders

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Biallelic pathogenic variants in TRMT1 disrupt tRNA modification and induce a neurodevelopmental disorder

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American Journal of Human Genetics 2025年第5期112卷 1117-1138页

作者： Efthymiou, Stephanie Leo, Cailyn P. Deng, Chenghong Lin, Sheng-Jia Maroofian, Reza Lin, Renee Karagoz, Irem Zhang, Kejia Kaiyrzhanov, Rauan Scardamaglia, Annarita Owrang, Daniel Turchetti, Valentina Jahnke, Friederike Huang, Kevin Petree, Cassidy Derrick, Anna V. Rees, Mark I. Alvi, Javeria Raza Sultan, Tipu Li, Chumei Jacquemont, Marie-Line Tran-Mau-Them, Frederic Valenzuela-Palafoll, Maria Sidlow, Rich Yoon, Grace Morrow, Michelle M. Carere, Deanna Alexis Fleischer, Julie Gerkes, Erica H. Phornphutkul, Chanika Isidor, Bertrand Rivier-Ringenbach, Clotilde Philippe, Christophe Kurul, Semra Hiz Soydemir, Didem Kara, Bulent Sunnetci-Akkoyunlu, Deniz Bothe, Viktoria Platzer, Konrad Wieczorek, Dagmar Koch-Hogrebe, Margarete Rahner, Nils Thuresson, Ann-Charlotte Matsson, Hans Frykholm, Carina Bozdoğan, Sevcan Tuğ Bisgin, Atil Chatron, Nicolas Lesca, Gaetan Cabet, Sara Tümer, Zeynep Hjortshøj, Tina D. Rønde, Gitte Marquardt, Thorsten Reunert, Janine Afzal, Erum Zamani, Mina Azizimalamiri, Reza Galehdari, Hamid Nourbakhsh, Pardis Chamanrou, Niloofar Chung, Seo-Kyung Suri, Mohnish Benke, Paul J. Zaki, Maha S. Gleeson, Joseph G. Calame, Daniel G. Pehlivan, Davut Yilmaz, Halil I. Gezdirici, Alper Rad, Aboulfazl Abumansour, Iman Sabri Oprea, Gabriela Bereketoğlu, Muhammed Burak Banneau, Guillaume Julia, Sophie Zeighami, Jawaher Ashoori, Saeed Shariati, Gholamreza Sedaghat, Alireza Sabri, Alihossein Hamid, Mohammad Parvas, Sahere Tajudin, Tajul Arifin Abdullah, Uzma Baig, Shahid Mahmood Chung, Wendy K. Glazunova, Olga O. Sabine, Sigaudy Cheema, Huma Arshad Zifarelli, Giovanni Bauer, Peter Sidpra, Jai Mankad, Kshitij Vona, Barbara Fry, Andrew E. Varshney, Gaurav K. Houlden, Henry Fu, Dragony Department of Neuromuscular disorders UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London WC1N 3BG United Kingdom Department of Biology Center for RNA Biology University of Rochester Rochester NY United States Genes & Human Disease Research Program Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City 73104 OK United States Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and Inner Ear Lab University Medical Center Göttingen Robert-Koch-Str. 40 Göttingen 37075 Germany Institute of Human Genetics University Medical Center Göttingen Heinrich-Düker-Weg 12 Göttingen 37073 Germany Neurology Research Group Institute of Life Science Swansea University Medical School Swansea University Swansea SA2 8PP United Kingdom Faculty of Medicine & Health Camperdown University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Department of Pediatric Neurology Institute of Child Health Children's Hospital Lahore 54590 Pakistan McMaster University 1280 Main St W Hamilton L8S 4L8 ON Canada Unité de Génétique Médicale et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs CHU de la Réunion Saint-Pierre France Unité Fonctionnelle Innovation en Diagnostic Génomique des maladies rares CHU Dijon Bourgogne Dijon France INSERM UMR1231 GAD Dijon F-21000 France Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Medicine Genetics Group Vall d'Hebron Research Institute Barcelona Spain Department of Medical Genetics and Metabolism Valley Children's Hospital Madera CA United States Hospital for Sick Children Toronto ON Canada University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada GeneDx LLC Gaithersburg 20877 MD United States Department of Pediatrics Southern Illinois University School of Medicine Springfield IL United States Department of Medical Genetics University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen Department of Genetics Groningen Netherlands Division of Human Genetics Department of Pediatrics Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Ha

The post-transcriptional modification of tRNAs plays a crucial role in tRNA structure and function. Pathogenic variants in tRNA-modification enzymes have been implicated in a wide range of human neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders. However, the molecular basis for many of these disorders remains unknown. Here, we describe a comprehensive cohort of 43 individuals from 31 unrelated families with bi-allelic variants in tRNA methyltransferase 1 (TRMT1). These individuals present with a neurodevelopmental disorder universally characterized by developmental delay and intellectual disability, accompanied by variable behavioral abnormalities, epilepsy, and facial dysmorphism. The identified variants include ultra-rare TRMT1 variants, comprising missense and predicted loss-of-function variants, which segregate with the observed clinical pathology. Our findings reveal that several variants lead to mis-splicing and a consequent loss of TRMT1 protein accumulation. Moreover, cells derived from individuals harboring TRMT1 variants exhibit a deficiency in tRNA modifications catalyzed by TRMT1. Molecular analysis reveals distinct regions of TRMT1 required for tRNA-modification activity and binding. Notably, depletion of Trmt1 protein in zebrafish is sufficient to induce developmental and behavioral phenotypes along with gene-expression changes associated with disrupted cell cycle, immune response, and neurodegenerative disorders. Altogether, these findings demonstrate that loss of TRMT1-catalyzed tRNA modifications leads to intellectual disability and provides insight into the molecular underpinnings of tRNA-modification deficiency caused by pathogenic TRMT1 variants. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： disease model intellectual disability neurodevelopmental disorder TRMT1 tRNA modification zebrafish

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A Radial Basis Function Spike Model for Indirect Learning via Integrate-and-Fire Sampling and Reconstruction Techniques

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Advances in Artificial Neural Systems 2012年第1期2012卷

作者： X. Zhang G. Foderaro C. Henriquez A. M. J. VanDongen S. Ferrari Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Control (LISC) Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Computer Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Program in Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore

This paper presents a deterministic and adaptive spike model derived from radial basis functions and a leaky integrate-and-fire sampler developed for training spiking neural networks without direct weight manipulation. Several algorithms have been proposed for training spiking neural networks through biologically-plausible learning mechanisms, such as spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity and Hebbian plasticity. These algorithms typically rely on the ability to update the synaptic strengths, or weights, directly, through a weight update rule in which the weight increment can be decided and implemented based on the training equations. However, in several potential applications of adaptive spiking neural networks, including neuroprosthetic devices and CMOS/memristor nanoscale neuromorphic chips, the weights cannot be manipulated directly and, instead, tend to change over time by virtue of the pre- and postsynaptic neural activity. This paper presents an indirect learning method that induces changes in the synaptic weights by modulating spike-timing-dependent plasticity by means of controlled input spike trains. In place of the weights, the algorithm manipulates the input spike trains used to stimulate the input neurons by determining a sequence of spike timings that minimize a desired objective function and, indirectly, induce the desired synaptic plasticity in the network.

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Neural signatures of emotional biases predict clinical outcomes in difficult-to-treat depression

Research directions. Depression

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Research directions. Depression 2024年 1卷 e21页

作者： Diede Fennema Gareth J Barker Owen O'Daly Beata R Godlewska Ewan Carr Kimberley Goldsmith Allan H Young Jorge Moll Roland Zahn Centre of Affective Disorders Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience King's College London London UK. Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience King's College London London UK. Psychopharmacology Research Unit University Department of Psychiatry University of Oxford Oxford UK. Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust Warneford Hospital Oxford UK. Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics Institute of Psychiatry Psychology & Neuroscience King's College London London UK. National Service for Affective Disorders South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust London UK. Cognitive and Behavioral Neuroscience Unit D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR) Pioneer Science Program Rio de Janeiro Brazil.

Background:Neural predictors underlying variability in depression outcomes are poorly understood. Functional MRI measures of subgenual cortex connectivity, self-blaming and negative perceptual biases have shown prognostic potential in treatment-naïve, medication-free and fully remitting forms of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, their role in more chronic, difficult-to-treat forms of MDD is unknown. Methods:Forty-five participants (n = 38 meeting minimum data quality thresholds) fulfilled criteria for difficult-to-treat MDD. Clinical outcome was determined by computing percentage change at follow-up from baseline (four months) on the self-reported Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (16-item). Baseline measures included self-blame-selective connectivity of the right superior anterior temporal lobe with an Brodmann Area 25 region-of-interest, blood-oxygen-level-dependent bilateral amygdala activation for subliminal sad vs happy faces, and resting-state connectivity of the subgenual cortex with an defined ventrolateral prefrontal cortex/insula region-of-interest. Findings:A linear regression model showed that baseline severity of depressive symptoms explained 3% of the variance in outcomes at follow-up ([3,34] = .33, = .81). In contrast, our three pre-registered neural measures combined, explained 32% of the variance in clinical outcomes ([4,33] = 3.86, .01). Conclusion:These findings corroborate the pathophysiological relevance of neural signatures of emotional biases and their potential as predictors of outcomes in difficult-to-treat depression.

关键词： depression difficult-to-treat fMRI prediction prognosis

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Neuropsychiatric signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease: New treatment paradigms

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Alzheimer's and Dementia: Translational Research and Clinical Interventions 2017年第3期3卷 440-449页

作者： Lanctôt, Krista L. Amatniek, Joan Ancoli-Israel, Sonia Arnold, Steven E. Ballard, Clive Cohen-Mansfield, Jiska Ismail, Zahinoor Lyketsos, Constantine Miller, David S. Musiek, Erik Osorio, Ricardo S. Rosenberg, Paul B. Satlin, Andrew Steffens, David Tariot, Pierre Bain, Lisa J. Carrillo, Maria C. Hendrix, James A. Jurgens, Heidi Boot, Brendon Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program Sunnybrook Research Institute and Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology University of Toronto Toronto Canada Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization Inc. Princeton NJ United States Department of Psychiatry University of California San Diego CA United States Department of Medicine University of California San Diego CA United States Interdisciplinary Brain Center Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Charlestown MA United States Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London United Kingdom University of Exeter Exeter United Kingdom Department of Health Promotion School of Public Health Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Minerva Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of End of Life Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Department of Psychiatry Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins Medicine Institutes Baltimore MD United States Bracket Global Wayne PA United States Department of Neurology Hope Center for Neurological Disorders Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis MO United States Center for Brain Health NYU Langone Medical Center New York NY United States Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD United States Eisai Inc. Woodcliff Lake NJ United States Department of Psychiatry University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington CT United States Banner Alzheimer's Institute Phoenix AZ United States Elverson PA United States Alzheimer's Association Chicago IL United States Department of Neurology Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard University School of Medicine Boston MA United States Voyager Therapeutics Cambridge MA United States

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), causing substantial distress for both people with dementia and their caregivers, and contributing to early institutionalization. They are among the earliest signs and symptoms of neurocognitive disorders and incipient cognitive decline, yet are under-recognized and often challenging to treat. With this in mind, the Alzheimer's Association convened a Research Roundtable in May 2016, bringing together experts from academia, industry, and regulatory agencies to discuss the latest understanding of NPSs and review the development of therapeutics and biomarkers of NPSs in AD. This review will explore the neurobiology of NPSs in AD and specific symptoms common in AD such as psychosis, agitation, apathy, depression, and sleep disturbances. In addition, clinical trial designs for NPSs in AD and regulatory considerations will be discussed. © 2017 The Authors

关键词： Agitation Alzheimer's disease Apathy Delusions Depression Hallucinations Neuropsychiatric symptoms Sleep disturbance Trial design

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Self-Compassion Around the World: Measurement Invariance of the Short Form of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF) Across 65 Nations, 40 Languages, Gender Identities, and Age Groups

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Mindfulness 2025年 1-28页

作者： Swami, Viren Tran, Ulrich S. Voracek, Martin Aavik, Toivo Ranjbar, Hamed Abdollahpour Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju Afhami, Reza Ahmed, Oli Aimé, Annie Akel, Marwan Al Halbusi, Hussam Alexias, George Ali, Khawla F. Alp-Dal, Nursel Alsalhani, Anas B. Álvarez-Solas, Sara Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares Andrianto, Sonny Aspden, Trefor Argyrides, Marios Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R. Atkin, Stephen Ayandele, Olusola Baceviciene, Migle Bahbouh, Radvan Ballesio, Andrea Barron, David Bellard, Ashleigh Bender, Sóley Sesselja Beydaǧ, Kerime Derya Birovljević, Gorana Blackburn, Marie-Ève Borja-Alvarez, Teresita Borowiec, Joanna Bozogáňová, Miroslava Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid Browning, Matthew H. E. M. Brytek-Matera, Anna Burakova, Marina Çakır-Koçak, Yeliz Camacho, Pablo Camilleri, Vittorio Emanuele Cazzato, Valentina Cerea, Silvia Chaiwutikornwanich, Apitchaya Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin Chambers, Tim Chen, Qing-Wei Chen, Xin Chien, Chin-Lung Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit Choompunuch, Bovornpot Compte, Emilio J. Corrigan, Jennifer Cosmas, Getrude Cowden, Richard G. Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila Czub, Marcin da Silva, Wanderson Roberto Dadfar, Mahboubeh Dalley, Simon E. Dany, Lionel Datu, Jesus Alfonso D. de Carvalho, Pedro Henrique Berbert de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins De Jesus, Avila Odia S. Debbabi, Sonia Harzallah Dhakal, Sandesh Di Bernardo, Francesca Dimitrova, Donka D. Dion, Jacinthe Dixson, Barnaby Donofrio, Stacey M. Drysch, Marius Du, Hongfei Dzhambov, Angel M. El-Jor, Claire Enea, Violeta Eskin, Mehmet Farbod, Farinaz Farrugia, Lorleen Fian, Leonie Fisher, Maryanne L. Folwarczny, Michał Frederick, David A. Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew Furnham, Adrian García, Antonio Alías Geller, Shulamit Ghisi, Marta Ghorbani, Alireza Martinez, Maria Angeles Gomez Gradidge, Sarah Graf, Sylvie Grano, Caterina Gyene, Gyöngyvér Hallit, Souheil Hamdan, Motasem Handelzalts, Jonathan E. Hanel, Paul H. P. Hawks, Steven R. Hekmati, Issa Helmy, Mai Hill, Tetiana Hina, Farah Holenweger, Geraldine Hřebíčková, Martina Ijabadeniyi, Olasupo Augustine Imam, Asma İ School of Psychology and Sport Science Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge United Kingdom Centre for Psychological Medicine Perdana University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Department of Cognition Emotion and Methods in Psychology Faculty of Psychology University of Vienna Vienna Austria Institute of Psychology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Department of Psychology Istinye University Istanbul Turkey Department of Psychology and Behavioural Studies Ekiti State University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Art Studies Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Department of Psychology University of Chittagong Chattogram Bangladesh Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology Université du Québec en Outaouais Saint-Jérôme Canada INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology Beirut Lebanon School of Pharmacy Lebanese International University Beirut Lebanon Department of Management Ahmed Bin Mohammad Military College Doha Qatar Faculty of Psychology Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences Athens Greece Royal College of Surgeons Ireland-Bahrain Adliya Bahrain Department of Midwifery Faculty of Health Sciences Munzur University Tunceli Turkey Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences Vision College of Dentistry and Nursing Vision Colleges Riyadh Saudi Arabia Facultad de Salud Universidad Internacional de La Rioja Logroño Spain Science and Technology of Southeast Minas Gerais Federal Institute of Education Barbacena Brazil Department of Psychology Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Psychology Aberystwyth University Ceredigion United Kingdom Department of Psychology Neapolis University Pafos Paphos Cyprus Department of Psychology De La Salle University Manila Philippines Department of General Studies The Polytechnic Ibadan Nigeria Department of Psychology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Health Research and Innovation Science Centre Faculty of Health Sciences Klai

Objectives: The 12-item Self-Compassion Scale–Short Form (SCS–SF) is a widely used instrument for the assessment of self-compassion. To date, there have been few examinations of this instrument’s psychometric properties, particularly across nations and languages. Therefore, we used data from the Body Image in Nature Survey (BINS) to assess measurement invariance of the SCS–SF across nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Methods: Participants (N = 56,968) from 65 nations completed the SCS–SF in 40 languages. Using these data, we tested various hypothesised models of the SCS–SF in the total sample and, using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis, tested for invariance of the optimal model across national groups, languages, gender identities, and age groups. Results: In the total dataset, we found that an 11-item, 2-factor model (i.e., SCS-11) provided best fit to the data, with the two factors tapping distinct constructs of compassionate and uncompassionate self-responding. The SCS-11 was found to be partially scalar invariant across national groups and languages, and fully scalar invariant across gender identities and age groups. There was wide variation in latent means for the two factors, particularly across national groups and languages. Further analyses showed negligible associations between the two factors and sociodemographic variables, including marital status, financial security, and urbanicity. Conclusions: Our results suggest that it may be possible to derive a stable 2-factor model of the SCS–SF for use in cross-cultural research, but also highlight the likelihood of cross-national and cross-linguistic variations in the way that self-compassion is understood. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Cross-cultural Measurement invariance Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) Self-Compassion Scale Short Form

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