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Perceptual integration of visual evidence of the airstream from aspirated stops

Canadian Acoustics - Acoustique Canadienne 2013年第3期41卷 23-27页

作者： Mayer, Connor Gick, Bryan Weigel, Tamra Whalen, D.H. Department of Computer Science University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Department of Linguistics University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Haskins Laboratories New Haven CO United States School of Audiology and Speech Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada Program in Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences City University of New York New York United States

This study investigates whether indirect visual evidence of aspiration can influence speech perception as previously found for tactile information. Participants were shown video of a speaker producing the sequence pom and "bomb" in a noisy setting. In some tokens, a candle was visibly perturbed by aspiration. All participants were more likely to correctly identify "ppm" and incorrectly identify "bomb" in the presence of visible perturbation, indicating that perceptual integration was taking place. This effect was stronger for participants who reported being consciously aware of the candle as a predictor. This indicates that ambient information can be incorporated in speech perception even when presented via an indirect modality, and that active attention can amplify this effect.

关键词： Bombs (ordnance)

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Modeling perceived vocal age in American English

Modeling perceived vocal age in American English

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11th Annual Conference of the International speech Communication Association, INTERspeech 2010

作者： Harnsberger, James D. Shrivastav, Rahul Brown, W.S. Program in Linguistics University of Florida United States Department of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences University of Florida United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781617821233

An acoustic analysis of voice, articulatory, and prosodic cues to perceived age was completed for a speech database of 150 American English speakers. Perceived ages were submitted to multiple linear regression analyses with measures of acoustic correlates of: voice quality, articulation, fundamental frequency, and prosody. The fit between predicted and actual perceived ages from the resulting models varied by speech material and gender, with female vocal ages being the easiest to predict. Articulation, pitch, and speaking rate measures were the most predictive in female voices, while, for male voices, the observed ranking was: speaking rate, voice quality, and pitch. Copyright © 2010 ISCA

关键词： speech communication

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The association of bisphenol A and paraben exposure with sensorineural hearing loss in children

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2023年第45期30卷 100552-100561页

作者： Chang, Chia-Huang Lu, Chun-Ting Chen, Tai-Ling Huang, Wen-Tzu Torng, Pao-Chuan Chang, Chen-Wei Chen, Yu-Chun Yu, Yu-Lin Chuang, Yung-Ning School of Public Health Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Department of Otorhinolaryngology Taipei City Hospital Ren-Ai Branch Taipei Taiwan Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei Taiwan School of Psychology Speech and Hearing University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand Master Program in Food Safety College of Nutrition Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan

Bisphenol A (BPA) and parabens (PBs) are chemicals that are extensively used in personal care products (PCPs). In early childhood development, hearing is critical to speech and language development, communication, and learning. In vitro and in vivo, BPA/PBs exhibited neurotoxicity through elevated levels of oxidative stress. BPA also has the potential to be an ototoxicant. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association of exposure to BPA/PBs with sensorineural hearing loss in children. A cross-sectional study based on hearing tests was conducted. This study enrolled 320 children aged 6–12 years from elementary school. Urinary BPA and PB concentrations were analyzed by using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). Logistic regression models were employed to determine the association of BPA/PB exposure with sensorineural hearing loss. Children with sensorineural hearing loss had higher BPA concentrations than normal-hearing children (0.22 ng/ml vs. 0.10 ng/ml, p = 0.05). After adjustment for covariates, the risk of hearing loss at middle frequencies reached 1.83-fold (95% CI: 1.12–2.99) when BPA concentrations increased by 1 log10. The risk of slight hearing loss reached 2.24-fold (95% CI: 1.05–4.78) when children had a tenfold increase in ethyl paraben (EP) concentration. This study clarifies the role of exposure to BPA/PBs in hearing loss in children. Future research needs to be expanded to include cohort designs and nationwide studies to identify causality. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Audition

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hearing: A pediatrician's approach

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Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2006年第5期72卷 617-623页

作者： Zocoli, Angela Maria Fontana Riechel, Fabiana Coelho Zeigelboim, Bianca Simone Marques, Jair Mendes MS student in Communications Disorders - University of Tuiuti - Paraná State Speech and Hearing Therapist. Postgraduate Student in Clinical Audiology - University of Tuiuti - Paraná State Speech and Hearing Therapist. PhD in Human Communications Disorders - UNIFESP/Escola Paulista de Medicina Professor - Course of Specialization in Clinical Audiology and Coordinator of the Master's Degree Program in Communications Disorders - University of Tuiuti - Paraná Speech and Hearing Therapist. PhD in Geodesic Sciences - Federal University of Paraná and Professor of the Postgraduate Program in Communications Disorders - University of Tuiuti - Paraná.

hearing plays a fundamental role in a child's global development;however, some professionals do not realize how much they may contribute to mitigate the sequelae caused by hearing impairment. Aim: to collect data on pediatricians' approaches in a city in the country side of Santa Catarina State, regarding the early detection of hearing impairment and identify the methodology utilized for its diagnosis. Study Design: Historical Cohort with Cross-Sectional Cohort. Materials and Methods: Analysis of questionnaires with nine multiple choice questions and ten open questions. Results: 62% reported that their training in hearing disorders happened during their medical course;high risk patients are referred to the otorhinolaryngologist (92%);83% said they are aware of the evaluation techniques;55% stated they were not aware of the different types of hearing loss;only 25% reported they knew about the levels of hearing loss and 42% of the interviewees believe a child may have fruitful use of a hearing aid before six months of age. Conclusion: There is the need of more information about the importance of early diagnosis, as well as the methods used for this end. All Rights reserved 1933 / 2006 © Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia.

关键词： Children hearing disorders Pediatrics

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A multidimensional evaluation of auditory performance in one powered electronic level-dependent hearing protector

A multidimensional evaluation of auditory performance in one...

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19th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2012, ICSV 2012

作者： Giguère, Christian Laroche, Chantal Vaillancourt, Véronique Shmigol, Evgenia Vaillancourt, Tanya Chiasson, Jérémie Rozon-Gauthier, Véronique Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Program School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa ON K1H 8M5 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781622764655

Sample results from an extensive set of electroacoustic and psychoacoustic experiments are presented for one powered electronic earmuff headset, the PELTOR® Powercom Plus™ from Aearo Technologies (3M). The goal is to illustrate, through this device, typical performance characteristics to be expected from level-dependent hearing protectors and their potential benefits or drawbacks in several aural communication tasks. The data set comprises both speech and warning sound perception results, with the device operating in passive or active. level-dependent modes, in quiet or in noise, for a range of listeners with normal hearing or hearing loss. The active mode of the device showed a sizable speech intelligibility benefit for all groups of listeners compared to the passive mode, and demonstrated a level of performance often exceeding that for unprotected listening. The detection of vehicle back-up alarms in quiet was also superior in the active mode than in the passive mode, although no benefit was found in noise. The active mode of the device only marginally helped to restore the sense of urgency conveyed by back-up alarms in noise, which was largely affected by passive attenuation. The localization of back-up alarms was slightly worse when wearing the device than for unprotected listening, and was not improved in the active mode compared to the passive mode. Overall, results highlight the challenges of designing a device to restore situational awareness to that in the absence of hearing protection for all aural communication tasks and listeners.

关键词： speech intelligibility

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hearing loss prevention and auditory awareness in the noisy workplace

Hearing loss prevention and auditory awareness in the noisy ...

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20th International Congress on Sound and Vibration 2013, ICSV 2013

作者： Giguère, Christian Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Program School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa ON K1H 8M5 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781629931500

Noise is a major problem in many industrial and military work environments, adversely impacting on both hearing health and job safety. On the one hand, workers must be sufficiently protected from noise through engineering control, hearing protection and other methods. At the same time, they must maintain good communication abilities and awareness of the auditory events from the surrounding work environment. Arguably, this dual objective has been impeded by an overreliance on absolute hearing thresholds as the metric of choice to monitor hearing status in the occupational field. hearing thresholds are only weakly related to performance on functional auditory tasks, such as speech perception and sound localization. Modelling tools are often needed to deal with the complex interacting factors involved in workplace communication problems. Two case studies are illustrated: the installation of warning sound devices and the impact of hearing protectors on speech recognition in noise. Two distinct types of policies pertaining to the noisy workplace are also reviewed: hearing Loss Prevention (HLP) and Auditory Fitness For Duty (AFFD) programs. HLP programs are necessary to foster good hearing health in workers and ensure they are not exposed to noise over the applicable statutory law or regulatory policy. AFFD programs are testing protocols and criteria to ensure workers possess the required functional hearing abilities and are fit to work in certain job occupations where hearing is critical to safety and effective operations. It is emphasized that a quieter environment promotes both hearing health and workplace safety.

关键词： Audition

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A comparative study of two procedures for assessment of oral tactile perception

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Communication Studies 1971年第1期22卷 21-26页

作者： Norman J. Lass[a] Mary E. Tekieli[b] Marcia P. Eye[b] [a]Assistant Professor of Speech Pathology‐Audiology West Virginia University[b]Research assistant in the Speech and Hearing Sciences Laboratory and graduate students in the Speech Pathology‐Audiology program West Virginia University

The authors explore the effectiveness of several oral sensory receptiveness techniques as predictors of defective articulation.

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A potential neurophysiological correlate of electric-acoustic pitch matching in adult cochlear implant users: Pilot data

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Cochlear Implants International 2018年第4期19卷 198-209页

作者： Tan, Chin-Tuan Martin, Brett A. Svirsky, Mario A. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Behavioral and Brain Science (Callier Center for Communication Disorders) University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX United States Program in Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences and Program in Audiology Graduate Center City University of New York New York NY United States Department of Otolaryngology New York University New York NY United States

The overall goal of this study was to identify an objective physiological correlate of electric-acoustic pitch matching in unilaterally implanted cochlear implant (CI) participants with residual hearing in the non-implanted ear. Electrical and acoustic stimuli were presented in a continuously alternating fashion across ears. The acoustic stimulus and the electrical stimulus were either matched or mismatched in pitch. Auditory evoked potentials were obtained from nine CI users. Results indicated that N1 latency was stimulus-dependent, decreasing when the acoustic frequency of the tone presented to the non-implanted ear was increased. More importantly, there was an additional decrease in N1 latency in the pitch-matched condition. These results indicate the potential utility of N1 latency as an index of pitch matching in CI users. © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Auditory evoked potential Electric-acoustic pitch matching N1 latency

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Evaluating the role of efferent inhibition on cochlear responses: Simultaneous psychophysical and otoacoustic emission measurements

Evaluating the role of efferent inhibition on cochlear respo...

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21st International Congress on Acoustics, ICA 2013 - 165th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America

作者： Henin, Simon Long, Glenis R. Ph.D. Program in Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences Graduate Center of The City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10016 United States

The auditory system continuously adapts to changes in the acoustic environment. Behavioral experiments in humans have demonstrated that changes in the acoustic environment produce dynamic changes in perception, for example increases in thresholds in the presence of background noise. This dynamic change in the auditory system is hypothesized to be mediated by efferent feedback from the olivocochlear system. The effect of efferent inhibition on cochlear mechanics was investigated using a simultaneous psychoacoustics and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) task using identical stimulus conditions. Cochlear responses to short tone-burst stimuli were analyzed under various masking conditions. Robust modification of cochlear responses to the short tone-burst stimuli was observed during contralateral acoustic stimulation and during long-duration ipsilateral masking. Concomitant changes in perceptual thresholds and OAEs are consistent with the hypothesis that both stem from efferent activation. This novel paradigm provides simultaneous perceptual and physiological estimates of cochlear-based efferent activation in the same human subjects. © 2013 Acoustical Society of America.

关键词： Otoacoustic emissions

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The effects of probe-tone frequency on the acoustic-reflex growth function

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Journal of the American Academy of audiology 2003年第2期14卷 109-118页

作者： Lutolf, John J. Silman, Shlomo St. John's University Deaprtment of Speech Communication and Theatre Jamaica NY 11439 8000 Utopia Parkway United States Audiology and Speech Pathology Department Veterans Affairs New Jersey Health Care System East Orange NJ 07018 United States Department of Biobehavioral Sciences Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Program Columbia University Columbia NY 10027 United States Department of Speech Communication Arts and Sciences Brooklyn College CUNY Brooklyn NY 11210 United States

Acoustic-reflex growth functions (ARGFs) were obtained from 20 normal-hearing listeners. Contralateral acoustic reflexes (ARs) were elicited with pure tones of 2000 Hz. The magnitude of changes in static compliant susceptance (BA) and conductance (GA) were monitored with probe-tone frequencies of 226 Hz, 678 Hz and 1000 Hz. ARGFS were obtained with six combinations of probe-tone frequency/admittance component: 226 Hz BA, 226 Hz GA, 678 Hz BA, 678 Hz GA, 1000 Hz BA, and 1000 Hz GA. Peak conductance (GA) and susceptance (BA) ARs were largest within the 678 Hz GA and 1000 Hz BA ARGFs, respectively. Among high-frequency probe tones, the patterns of AR growth were larger and less variable for the 678 Hz GA ARGF and the 1000 Hz BA ARGF as determined by the magnitude of their linear (b1) and quadratic (b2) polynomial coefficients and the value of their squared correlation coefficients (R2).

关键词： Acoustic admittance Acoustic compliant reactance Acoustic compliant susceptance Acoustic conductance Acoustic impedance Acoustic reflex Acoustic resistance Acoustic-reflex growth function Probe-tone frequency

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