A recent paper [31] claims to classify brain processing evoked in subjects watching ImageNet stimuli as measured with EEG and to employ a representation derived from this processing to construct a novel object classif...
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A study was conducted to investigate possible relationship between variables of cABR and the performance measured at a word-in-noise recognition task on adults. This is part of a larger study aiming at developing a sc...
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A study was conducted to investigate possible relationship between variables of cABR and the performance measured at a word-in-noise recognition task on adults. This is part of a larger study aiming at developing a screening tool for listening difficulties in noise for young children. Forty-three normal hearing adults from 18 to 30 years old participated in this study. They had no history of hearing problems or language development difficulties. The average score was lower when words were presented with an ipsilateral white noise (noise condition). As expected, the Group 3 who was exposed to a higher noise level had the lowest average correct score. Only one correlation between speech recognition score in noise with one cABR variable at only one SNR condition, which is not sufficient at this point to suggest any link between cABR and hearing in noise.
Background and aims: Early play behaviors may provide important information regarding later-diagnosed developmental delays. Play behaviors of young children with autism spectrum disorder are restricted in diversity, f...
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Background and aims: Early play behaviors may provide important information regarding later-diagnosed developmental delays. Play behaviors of young children with autism spectrum disorder are restricted in diversity, frequency, and complexity. Most autism spectrum disorder research focuses on play in children over 18 months of age. This study examined three groups of infants (later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, later diagnosed with other developmental disorders, and typically developing) with the aims of: (1) describing the play behaviors of the three groups of infants at two time points (9–12 months and 15–18 months);(2) examining group differences in four hierarchical levels of play at both time points;(3) comparing groups with respect to the highest level of play achieved;and (4) determining if the highest level of play achieved by infants with autism spectrum disorder and other developmental delays correlated with later developmental outcomes. Methods: The current study used longitudinal retrospective video analysis to examine object play behaviors of the three groups of infants (total n ¼ 92) at two time points (time 1: 9–12 months of age, and time 2: 15–18 months of age). Coding of play behaviors was based on existing literature and distribution of data from the current study. Developmental outcomes examined were measured using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Childhood Autism Rating Scale, and a non-verbal developmental quotient calculated using visual reception scores from the Mullen Scales for Early Learning. Results: Results indicate group differences in play, with infants later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder showing significantly less sophisticated play than those with typical development. In addition, modest but significant correlations were found between highest level of play achieved at time 1 (9–12 months) and time 2 (15–18 months) and later outcomes for the autism spectrum disorder group. Conclusions and implications: Results
Individuals with very high spinal cord injuries (e.g. C1-C3) may be ventilator-dependent and therefore unable to support speech breathing. However, their facial musculature is intact, given that these muscles are inne...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424479276
Individuals with very high spinal cord injuries (e.g. C1-C3) may be ventilator-dependent and therefore unable to support speech breathing. However, their facial musculature is intact, given that these muscles are innervated by cranial nerves. We developed a system using surface electromyography (sEMG) recorded from facial muscles to control a phonemic interface and voice synthesizer and tested the system in healthy individuals. Users were able to use five facial gestures to control an onscreen cursor and the phonemic interface. Users had mean information transfer rates (ITRs) of 59.5 bits/min when calculating ITRs using the number of phonemes selected. To compare with orthographic systems, ITRs were also calculated using the equivalent number of letters required to spell the selected word. With this calculation, users had a mean ITR of 70.1. Results are promising for further development and testing in individuals with high spinal cord injuries.
Over 50% of the 273,000 individuals with spinal cord injuries in the US have cervical injuries and are therefore unable to operate a keyboard and mouse with their hands. In this experiment, we compared two systems usi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424479276
Over 50% of the 273,000 individuals with spinal cord injuries in the US have cervical injuries and are therefore unable to operate a keyboard and mouse with their hands. In this experiment, we compared two systems using surface electromyography (sEMG) recorded from facial muscles to control an onscreen keyboard. Both systems used five sEMG sensors to capture muscle activity during five distinct facial gestures that then mapped to five cursor commands: move left, move right, move up, move down, and click. One system used a discrete movement and feedback algorithm, in which the user would make one quick facial gesture, causing a corresponding discrete movement to an adjacent button. The other system was continuously updated and allowed the user to move in any 360° direction smoothly. Information transfer rates (ITRs) in bits per minute were high for both systems. Users of the continuous system showed significantly higher ITRs (average of 68.5;p < 0.02) compared to users of the discrete system (average of 54.3 bits/min).
Many proposed EEG-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) make use of visual stimuli to elicit steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP), the frequency of which can be mapped to a computer input. However, such a co...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781424479276
Many proposed EEG-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) make use of visual stimuli to elicit steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP), the frequency of which can be mapped to a computer input. However, such a control scheme can be ineffective if a user has no motor control over their eyes and cannot direct their gaze towards a flashing stimulus to generate such a signal. Tactile-based methods, such as somatosensory steady-state evoked potentials (SSSEP), are a potentially attractive alternative in these scenarios. Here, we compare the neural signals elicited by SSSEP to those elicited by SSVEP in naive BCI users towards evaluating the feasibility of SSSEP-based control of an EEG BCI.
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