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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Dante J. Smith Lenny A. Varghese Cara E. Stepp Frank H. Guenther Graduate Program for Neuroscience Center for Computational Neuroscience and Neural Technology Boston University Departments of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Boston University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479276

Many proposed EEG-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) make use of visual stimuli to elicit steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP), the frequency of which can be mapped to a computer input. However, such a control scheme can be ineffective if a user has no motor control over their eyes and cannot direct their gaze towards a flashing stimulus to generate such a signal. Tactile-based methods, such as somatosensory steady-state evoked potentials (SSSEP), are a potentially attractive alternative in these scenarios. Here, we compare the neural signals elicited by SSSEP to those elicited by SSVEP in naive BCI users towards evaluating the feasibility of SSSEP-based control of an EEG BCI.

关键词： Visualization Electroencephalography Frequency modulation Signal to noise ratio Steady-state Vibrations Electrodes

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A predictive model of speech intelligibility in noise for normal and hearing-impaired listeners wearing hearing protectors

A predictive model of speech intelligibility in noise for no...

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38th International Congress and Exposition on Noise Control Engineering 2009, INTER-NOISE 2009

作者： Giguère, Christian Laroche, Chantal Vaillancourt, Véronique Soli, Sigfrid D. Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Program University of Ottawa 451 Smyth Road Ottawa ON K1H 8M5 Canada Department of Human Communication Sciences and Devices House Ear Institute 2100 W. 3rd Street Los Angeles CA 90057 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781615676903

A speech intelligibility model was developed and validated for use in workplace environments characterized by hazardous noise levels requiring the use of hearing protection devices (HPDs). The model takes into account the characteristics of the noise field, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the attenuation of the device, and the hearing status of the listener. Good prediction of speech intelligibility scores in noise with HPDs required the use of correction factors to deal with both audibility (threshold) and distortion (supra threshold) effects arising from the hearing loss. Correction factors due to audibility effects were computed from the speech Intelligibility Index and the pure-tone audiogram of the subjects. Correction factors due to distortion effects were based on the clinical hearing-In-Noise Test. The model can be used in the context of two important applications of direct relevance to the military and industrial environments: (1) the optimal selection of hearing protectors, and (2) the establishment of hearing fitness standards for workers in hearing-critical jobs.

关键词： Audition

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Otoprotection in guinea pigs exposed to pesticides and ginkgo biloba (vol 78, pg 122, 2012)

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BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY 2012年第4期78卷 138-138页

作者： Finkler, Andrea Dulor da Silveira, Aron Ferreira Munaro, Gisiane Zanrosso, Crisley Dossin Speech and Hearing Therapist Specialist in Clinical and Occupational Audiology (CEFAC) MSc in Human Communication Disorders (UFSM). (Speech and hearing therapist at Concordia Special Teaching Unit and Adjunct Professor – Speech and Hearing Program - ULBRA). PhD (Full Professor – Department of Morphology/Health Sciences Center - UFSM). MSc in Human Communication Disorders - UFSM. (Medical Student - ULBRA). Medical Student - ULBRA).

Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, despite the risk of hearing loss related to the exposure to their chemical components. This study looks into protective drugs to counteract the ototoxicity of pesticides. Objective This study aims to analyze the effect ginkgo biloba extract may have in protecting against possible cochlear damage caused by organophosphate pesticides (methamidophos). Anatomic changes are assessed through surface and electron microscopy. Materials and Methods This is a prospective experimental study. Twenty-one guinea pigs were given saline solution, pesticide, and ginkgo biloba alone or combined for seven consecutive days. Then their cochleas were removed and examined in a scanning electron microscope. Results Pesticide-exposed guinea pigs had morphological alterations in their cochleas and injuries in the three turns analyzed through electron microscopy. Injury intensity varied according to the dosages of the agents given to the test subjects. Guinea pigs treated with pesticide and ginkgo biloba maintained the architecture of their outer hair cells in all cochlear turns. Conclusion The antioxidant properties found in the ginkgo biloba extract protected guinea pigs from pesticide ototoxicity.

关键词： cytoprotection toxicity ginkgo biloba organophosphorus compounds

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Wideband Acoustic Reflex Measurement

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Seminars in hearing 2023年第1期44卷 84-92页

作者： Feeney, M. Patrick Schairer, Kim S. Putterman, Daniel B. VA Portland Health Care System National Center for Rehabilitative Auditory Research Portland OR United States Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR United States Hearing and Balance Research Program James H. Quillen VA Medical Center Mountain Home TN United States Department of Audiology and Speech Language Pathology East Tennessee State University Johnson City TN United States

Acoustic reflex thresholds (ART) obtained using pure-tone probe stimuli as part of a traditional immittance test battery can be used to evaluate site of lesion and provide a cross-check with behavioral results. ARTs obtained as part of a wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) test battery using a click as the probe stimulus can be used in the same way with the added benefit that they may provide lower ARTs than those obtained using a pure-tone probe. Another benefit of the WAI ART test is that it can be completed without requiring a hermetic seal or pressurizing the ear canal. A new adaptive method of obtaining ARTs using WAI techniques may cut test time in half, thus making this an attractive option for future clinical use. More advanced uses of WAI ART tests include the measurement of AR growth functions. These may be used to investigate the possible effects of synaptopathy related to high levels of noise exposure and possible auditory deficits related to ototoxicity. © 2023 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.. All rights reserved.

关键词： absorbance acoustic reflex thresholds noise-induced synaptopathy wideband acoustic immittance

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A systematic study on formant transition in speech using sinusoidal glide

A systematic study on formant transition in speech using sin...

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131st Audio Engineering Society Convention 2011

作者： Wang, Wen-Jie Guo, Benjamin Tan, Chin-Tuan Program in Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences City University of New York Graduate Center 365 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10016 United States Department of Otolaryngology New York University School of Medicine 550 First Avenue NBV 5E5 New York NY 10016 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781618393968

The goal of this study was to use sinusoidal glide to investigate the perceivable acoustic cues in a consonant-vowel /CV/ syllable systematically. The sinusoidal glide is designed to mimic the formant trajectory in a /CV/ syllable with two parts: a frequency glide followed by a constant frequency. The experiment varied the frequency step (with rising and falling glide) and duration of the initial part, and the center frequency and duration of the final part of the sinusoidal glide. We asked 6 normal hearing subjects to discriminate sinusoidal glides from sinusoids of constant frequency, and found that subjects require a larger frequency step when the duration of the glide is shortened but a smaller frequency step when the center frequency of the final part is lowered, to discriminate the two stimuli. The outcome of this experiment is compared to the outcomes of previous studies using synthesized formants and sinusoidal replicas.

关键词： Audition

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Stress effects on bilingual language professionals' performance

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International Journal of Bilingualism 2006年第4期10卷 477-497页

作者： Blumenthal, Pamela Britt, Thomas W. Cohen, Jason A. McCubbin, James Maxfield, Nathan Michael, Erica B. Moore, Philip Obler, Loraine K. Scheck, Petra Signorelli, Teresa M. Wallsten, Thomas S. George Washington University United States Center for Advanced Study of Language University of Maryland Clemson University United States Clemson University United States Program in Speech and Hearing Sciences CUNY Graduate School and University Center United States Language in the Aging Brain Project Boston University School of Medicine and VA Boston Healthcare System United States University of South Florida United States Department of Psychology University of Maryland United States

The work of bilingual language professionals (e.g., translators, diplomats, intelligence analysts) involves substantial use of two or more languages, and often, as well, substantial amounts of stress. This stress can come from many sources, including the language tasks themselves and difficult working conditions. Yet, little is known about how the stressors that bilingual language professionals (BLPs) face influence their language performance or affect their daily lives. Here, we present pertinent psychological concepts of stress and coping, suggesting a schema for how they may interact with language performance. We then review what is known about how certain stressors influence language performance and the cognitive factors linked to language performance (attention, memory, self-monitoring), concluding with suggestions for research directions that should enable us better to understand and mitigate the negative effects of stress for BLPs. © 2006, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved.

关键词： bilingualism language stress workplace

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Evidence for using mosstalk words® in progressive aphasia

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Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention 2011年第1期5卷 62-63页

作者： Jokel, Regina Rochon, Elizabeth Leonard, Carol Cupit, Jennifer Kunin Lunenfeld Applied Research Unit Toronto ON Baycrest Canada Department of Speech Language Pathology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada School of Rehabilitation Sciences Audiology and Speech-Language Pathology Program University of Ottawa ON Canada

Bourgeois, M. S. (2010). There is limited evidence for using MossTalk Words® to maintain language skills in nonfluent progressive aphasia. Evidence-Based Communication Assessment and Intervention, 4, 42–44. ...

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Event visibility in sign language motion: Evidence from Austrian Sign language 43

Event visibility in sign language motion: Evidence from Aust...

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43rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society: Comparative Cognition: Animal Minds, CogSci 2021

作者： Krebs, Julia Strutzenberger, Gerda Schwameder, Hermann Wilbur, Ronnie B. Malaia, Evie Roehm, Dietmar Research group Neurobiology of Language Department of Linguistics University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria Department of Sport Science and Kinesiology University of Salzburg Salzburg Austria Department of Speech Language and Hearing Sciences Purdue University West LafayetteIN United States Linguistics Program Purdue University West LafayetteIN United States Department of Communicative Disorders University of Alabama TuscaloosaAL United States

This is the first kinematic investigation of articulator motion in Austrian Sign language, which connects kinesiology of sign production and linguistic markers of Aktionsart in the native language of the Deaf1 community in Austria. Our work used a 3D motion capture approach to sign language analysis to investigate the relationship between the semantics (event structure) of signed verbs, and kinematics of hand articulator movement. The data indicates that the underlying semantics of events in verb signs is reflected in sign duration and acceleration of the dominant hand during sign production. The finding that articulator dynamics (acceleration and deceleration of hand motion) characterizes the event structure in verb signs has significance for linguistic theory of visual communication, and understanding of the relationship between iconicity in sign language, and perceptual biases in meaning construction based on visual input. © Cognitive Science Society: Comparative Cognition: Animal Minds, CogSci *** rights reserved.

关键词： Kinematics

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Assessing emergent literacy in preschool classrooms

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Day Care & Early Education 1993年第2期21卷 13-21页

作者： Melanie Schuele, C. Roberts, Joanne Erwick Fitzgerald, Jill Moore, Patti Lucas Child Language Program University of Kansas Lawrence KS United States Speech and Hearing Sciences Frank Porter Graham Child Development Center The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chepehill United States Literacy Studies School of Education The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill United States Siskin Foundation Preschool for Handicapped Children Chattanooga TN United States

Recent research on the literacy development of children during the preschool years has emphasized the notion of "emergent literacy," according to authors Kontos (1986) and Teale and Sulzby (1986). According to this view, preschool children learn about reading and writing as they participate in a literate culture. Early social interactions involving print are crucial to children's reading and writing development, according to the Early Childhood and Literacy Development Committee (1986). © 1993 Human sciences Press.

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Anxiety, Depression, and Other Factors Associated With Voice Handicaps in Active Older People During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Journal of Voice 2024年

作者： de Queiróz Coutinho, Angelina Travassos de Lima Silva, Vanessa da Silva, Maria Eduarda Farias de Lima, André Cavalcanti de Lima, Maria Luiza Lopes Timóteo de Almeida Queiróz, Anna Alice Figueirêdo de Araújo, Ana Nery Barbosa Lucena, Jonia Alves Human Communication Health Program Federal University of Pernambuco Pernambuco Recife Brazil Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences Federal University of Pernambuco Pernambuco Recife Brazil Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences Federal University of Paraíba Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil

During the COVID-19 pandemic, older people had to remain isolated, which could cause not only anxiety and depression but also voice and communication problems and lifestyle, demographic, and socioeconomic changes. This study aimed to analyze the influence of anxiety and depression and other associated factors on the voice handicap of active older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional and analytical research approached older people enrolled at a reference health care unit for this age group in Recife. Demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle data were surveyed with interviews. Mental health measures were obtained with the Self-Reporting Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Geriatric Depression Scale. Voice handicap was assessed with the Voice Handicap Index. Analyses were performed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The study compared older people with lesser and greater voice handicaps, using the chi-square and Wald tests. The association was assessed according to the binary and multivariate logistic regression model. Altogether, 91 older people with a mean age of 69 years participated in the research, most of whom (54.9%) did not have voice handicaps. Trait anxiety (P = 0.031) and age (P = 0.036) were associated with voice handicaps. Active older adults with higher trait anxiety were five times as likely to have voice handicaps (odds ratio = 5.151) as those with low trait anxiety. Moreover, the ones with more advanced age were 10% more likely to have voice handicaps (odds ratio = 1.100) than younger participants. It is concluded that, during the pandemic, voice handicap in active older people was associated with trait anxiety and age. © 2024 The Voice Foundation

关键词： Anxiety COVID-19 Depression Elderly Voice

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