The work of bilingual language professionals (e.g., translators, diplomats, intelligence analysts) involves substantial use of two or more languages, and often, as well, substantial amounts of stress. This stress can ...
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UNLABELLED:Few studies have demonstrated the pathologic reactions yielded by smoke inhalation on the airway in rats.AIM:The aim of this study was to analyze the possible histopathological effects produced by chronic c...
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UNLABELLED:Few studies have demonstrated the pathologic reactions yielded by smoke inhalation on the airway in rats.
AIM:The aim of this study was to analyze the possible histopathological effects produced by chronic cigarette smoke inhalation on the vocal folds of rats.
STUDY DESIGN:Experimental.
MATERIAL AND METHOD:36 male rats (Rattus norvergicus Wistar strain), aged 60 days, were kept in cages and exposed to inhalation of the smoke produced by 10 cigarettes lit 3 times a day, 7 days a week, for periods of 25, 50 and 75 days, and their respective controls. Thereafter the animals were killed and their larynxes were dissected and submitted to histological processing for achievement of histological sections, which were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and analyzed by light microscopy.
RESULTS:The rats exposed to smoke displayed smaller (p< 0,05) body mass than the control group. There was hyperplasia and squamous metaplasia in the free edge of the vocal fold and squamous hyperplasia on the middle portion of the vocal fold in all 3 study periods. Moreover, the 50-day group revealed keratinizing metaplasia in this area. Morphological alterations in other areas of the larynx and inflammatory reaction of the lamina propria were also not observed.
CONCLUSION:It was concluded that the passive inhalation of cigarette smoke yields important morphological changes in the vocal fold epithelium, which may progress to neoplasia.
Acoustic-reflex growth functions (ARGFs) were obtained from 20 normal-hearing listeners. Contralateral acoustic reflexes (ARs) were elicited with pure tones of 2000 Hz. The magnitude of changes in static compliant sus...
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Acoustic-reflex growth functions (ARGFs) were obtained from 20 normal-hearing listeners. Contralateral acoustic reflexes (ARs) were elicited with pure tones of 2000 Hz. The magnitude of changes in static compliant susceptance (BA) and conductance (GA) were monitored with probe-tone frequencies of 226 Hz, 678 Hz and 1000 Hz. ARGFS were obtained with six combinations of probe-tone frequency/admittance component: 226 Hz BA, 226 Hz GA, 678 Hz BA, 678 Hz GA, 1000 Hz BA, and 1000 Hz GA. Peak conductance (GA) and susceptance (BA) ARs were largest within the 678 Hz GA and 1000 Hz BA ARGFs, respectively. Among high-frequency probe tones, the patterns of AR growth were larger and less variable for the 678 Hz GA ARGF and the 1000 Hz BA ARGF as determined by the magnitude of their linear (b1) and quadratic (b2) polynomial coefficients and the value of their squared correlation coefficients (R2).
This article describes a collaborative approach to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) assessment and intervention for persons who undergo radical head and neck Cancer surgery. Included is a description o...
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This article describes a collaborative approach to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) assessment and intervention for persons who undergo radical head and neck Cancer surgery. Included is a description of the demographics and characteristics of surgical patients who undergo total glossectomy and total laryngectomy and how those characteristics may affect AAC assessment and intervention. Emphasis is given to the grief response that surgical patients experience and to the challenges placed on the intervention team by that response. The unique characteristics of grief following loss of communication are discussed in the context of a case study. The case study illustrates AAC intervention strategies with a focus on patient empowerment and flexibility.
Traditionally, speech-language pathologists have treated patients who have suffered from strokes that resulted in aphasia, but have not always worked with patients labelled as having multiinfarct dementia (MID). Patie...
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Traditionally, speech-language pathologists have treated patients who have suffered from strokes that resulted in aphasia, but have not always worked with patients labelled as having multiinfarct dementia (MID). Patients with MID also have difficulties with communication in which the speech-language pathologist's input would be beneficial. This article examines the clinical characteristics and neurology of MiD along with the assessment and clinical issues that need to be examined if speech-language pathologists are to evaluate and treat these patients more effectively.
Recent research on the literacy development of children during the preschool years has emphasized the notion of "emergent literacy," according to authors Kontos (1986) and Teale and Sulzby (1986). According ...
作者：
Lass, Norman J.Prater, C. ElaineNorman J. Lass (Ph.D.
Purdue University 1968) is Assistant Professor of Speech and Hearing Sciences and Director of the Speech and Hearing Sciences Laboratory at West Virginia University C. Elaine Prater (B.S.
West Virginia University 1971) was formerly a student in the Speech Pathology-Audiology program and a research assistant in the Speech and Hearing Sciences Laboratory at West Virginia University. She is presently a graduate student in the Audiology and Speech Pathology program at Memphis State University
A paired comparison paradigm was employed to compare the listening rate preferences of 26 adult subjects for oral reading and impromptu speaking tasks. Recordings of a reading and speech were time‐altered by means of...
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