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Local Periodicity-Based Beat Tracking for Expressive Classical Piano Music

IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing 2023年 31卷 2824-2835页

作者： Chiu, Ching-Yu Muller, Meinard Davies, Matthew E. P. Su, Alvin Wen-Yu Yang, Yi-Hsuan National Cheng Kung University Academia Sinica Graduate Program of Multimedia Systems and Intelligent Computing Tainan701401 Taiwan International Audio Laboratories Erlangen Erlangen91058 Germany University of Coimbra Department of Informatics Engineering Centre for Informatics and Systems Coimbra3004-531 Portugal National Cheng Kung University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tainan701401 Taiwan Taiwan AI Labs Yating Music Team Taipei103622 Taiwan Academia Sinica Research Center for IT Innovation Taipei11529 Taiwan

To model the periodicity of beats, state-of-the-art beat tracking systems use 'post-processing trackers' (PPTs) that rely on several empirically determined global assumptions for tempo transition, which work well for music with a steady tempo. For expressive classical music, however, these assumptions can be too rigid. With two large datasets of Western classical piano music, namely the Aligned Scores and Performances (ASAP) dataset and a dataset of Chopin's Mazurkas (Maz-5), we report on experiments showing the failure of existing PPTs to cope with local tempo changes, thus calling for new methods. In this paper, we propose a new local periodicity-based PPT, called predominant local pulse-based dynamic programming (PLPDP) tracking, that allows for more flexible tempo transitions. Specifically, the new PPT incorporates a method called 'predominant local pulses' (PLP) in combination with a dynamic programming (DP) component to jointly consider the locally detected periodicity and beat activation strength at each time instant. Accordingly, PLPDP accounts for the local periodicity, rather than relying on a global tempo assumption. Compared to existing PPTs, PLPDP particularly enhances the recall values at the cost of a lower precision, resulting in an overall improvement of F1-score for beat tracking in ASAP (from 0.473 to 0.493) and Maz-5 (from 0.595 to 0.838). © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Hidden Markov models

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Explainable Reinforcement Learning via Causal Model Considering Agent's Intention

Explainable Reinforcement Learning via Causal Model Consider...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： SeongIn Kim Takeshi Shibuya Doctor's Program in Intelligent and Mechanical Interaction Systems University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Faculty of Engineering Information and Systems University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781665410205

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410212

Explaining agent's decision can offer valuable insights for designers and end-users. One proposed method for explaining an agent's decision-making involves representing a causal relation between state components and action as a causal model and providing explanations for the decisions made using causal model. However, traditional causal model often faces structural limitation, restricting the range of representable control problems. Additionally, providing accurate explanation becomes challenging in control problems with various types of rewards because agent's intention of an action is unknown. In this study, we introduce a causal model capable of representing a broader range of control problems and a method to provide accurate explanations in control problems with various types of reward structures. Through redefining the relationships between nodes in the causal model, we have enabled a broader representation of control problems. Also, by incorporating agent's intention into the explanation, we have achieved to provide a more precise explanation. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed method, we conducted experiments using OpenAI's LunarLander environment. Using a proposed causal model, we defined the causal model of LunarLander, which could not be represented by conventional causal models. Furthermore, by incorporating the intentions of an agent into the explanation, novel interpretations previously inaccessible have become feasible.

关键词： Accuracy Decision making Reinforcement learning Faces Cybernetics

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Contributions to DC fault ride-through in MTDC meshed grids with MMC stations in grid-forming control considering impacts on AC system stability

Contributions to DC fault ride-through in MTDC meshed grids ...

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22nd IET International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission (ACDC Global 2025)

作者： Filipe Perez Jesús Castellanos Juan-Carlos Gonzalez Abdelkrim Benchaib Lie Xu Architectures & Systems Program Supergrid Institute Lyon France Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Strathclyde Glasgow UK

ISBN: (数字)9781837242634

DC faults in High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) systems can significantly impact AC grid stability, especially in Multiterminal DC (MTDC) grids. Effective DC Fault Ride-Through (FRT) analysis is crucial for maintaining AC system stability. Initially, a DC fault may manifest as a sudden loss of power input, prompting primary control to restore balance using reserves like FCR and inertia. However, HVDC protection often blocks converters during current peaks, failing to address power imbalances on the AC side. This necessitates coordinated AC-DC grid actions to sustain stability. Grid-Forming (GFM) control in Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) enhances system operation by providing inertia, voltage support, and reactive power control. However, the role of GFM in DC FRT is underexplored. This paper evaluates DC faults in MTDC systems with GFM converters, considering AC grid characteristics alongside DC-side impacts like submodule energy control and DC voltage regulation. An outer energy control loop and a shift from GFM to Grid-Following (GFL) control are proposed solutions in this paper to improve DC FRT capability and to assure stable operation against DC faults. The findings provide key recommendations for enhancing DC FRT in MTDC grids with GFM converters, emphasizing control and protection integration.

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Scalability in Autoencoder-based OFDM Communication System 2

Scalability in Autoencoder-based OFDM Communication System

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2nd IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision and Machine Intelligence, CVMI 2023

作者： Tsugawa, Seizan Toma, Takao Oshiro, Shiho Wada, Tomohisa University of the Ryukyus Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Program Okinawa Japan Magna Design Net Inc Okinawa Japan University of the Ryukyus Information Technology Center Okinawa Japan University of the Ryukyus Area of Computer Science and Intelligent Systems Dept. of Engineering Okinawa Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350305142

This paper proposed Scalability in Autoencoder-based Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) communication system. In the previous research, only the comparison between IEEE802.11a and Autoencoder by the conventional OFDM communication system was performed, and it was proved that the communication system created by Autoencoder exceeded the performance of the conventional system. Therefore, in this paper, it uses IEEE802.11n and compare whether it can be improved by expanding the bandwidth and using ***802.11n standard has an FFT length of 128, a subcarrier number of 114 (108 for data), and modulation schemes of Quadrature Phase Shift Keying(QPSK), 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM). The GI length is 800ns and the symbol length is 4000ns. In the simulation, a computer simulation was performed using a conventional OFDM communication system and a communication system generated by Autoencoder. Assuming that the simulation environment had an Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of 0 to 30 and an amplitude r of 0.0 to 1.0, the Symbol Error Rate (SER) status for each SNR was output. As a result of computer simulation, QPSK converged at SNR 27 at IEEE 802.11a, but was able to reduce SER overwhelmingly to SNR 12 at IEEE 802.11n. Also, in 16QAM the convergence at r=0.0 is the same as for SNR22 , but in IEEE 802.11a it does not converge after r=0.6, but in IEEE 802.11n it does not converge only at r=0.9 and r=1.0. As a future task, it will use IEEE802.11ac, which enables communication speeds several times faster than IEEE802.11n, examine whether it is possible to further improve accuracy. And it will continue our research to correspond MIMO communication. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

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Implementation and Performance Evaluation of Collective Communications Using CIRCUS on Multiple FPGAs

Implementation and Performance Evaluation of Collective Comm...

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2023 International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia-Pacific Region Workshops, HPC Asia 2023

作者： Kikuchi, Kohei Fujita, Norihisa Kobayashi, Ryohei Boku, Taisuke Master's Program in Computer Science Degree Programs in Systems and Information Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781450399890

In the high-performance computing domain, Field programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a novel accelerator that exhibits high flexibility and performance characteristics distinct from other accelerators such as the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Recent advanced high-end FPGA is equipped with multiple channels of high speed optical link up to 100Gbps performance for each. This is a crucial feature when we construct PC clusters with FPGAs as accelerators, however it is not easy to utilize from user kernels because this feature is implemented in low level and simple direct communication between neighboring FPGAs. In order to provide the communication feature between FPGAs for accelerated PC clusters, we developed a communication system named CIRCUS which implies a user-friendly API from OpenCL and is equipped with routing function over multi-hop communication on multi-dimensional torus network of FPGAs. However, current CIRCUS only provides a point-to-point communication between source and destination FPGAs. In ordinary parallel processing environment such as MPI, the user program the message passing with various collective communication functions for parallel algorithm, for instance Allreduce, Allgather, etc. In this paper, we implement the collective communication function over CIRCUS for user-friendly programming of ordinary parallel algorithms on FPGAs. As the first target, we implement Allreduce function which is the most essential and important function. The paper describes the CIRCUS system briefly followed by the design, implementation and preliminary performance evaluation on Intel Stratix10 FPGAs. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Framework for Automated Synthetic Image Generation for Vehicle Detection 23

Framework for Automated Synthetic Image Generation for Vehic...

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Proceedings of the 2023 6th International Conference on Sensors, Signal and Image Processing

作者： Vitória Biz Cecchetti Bruno José Souza Roberto Zanetti Freire Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEPS) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) Brazil and Pumatronix Electronic Equipment Ltd. Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEPS) Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798400707995

The use of synthetic images has been highlighted within the computer vision field as a more practical option that helps reduce the time and cost spent on vehicle detection tasks in urban environments. This paper presents a framework for automated synthetic image generation, aiming at the detection of vehicles in urban environments. The creation of the 3D scenario is carried out through the Blender software. Some adverse conditions of the scenes were developed, including: rain, fog, occlusion by tree branches and electrical power lines, and low lighting. Then the algorithm for the automated generation of images was developed based on parameters chosen by the user to generate the scene and to generate the annotations of the images. Additionally, a convolutional neural network with YOLOv5 architecture along with a cross-validation technique was applied to carry out vehicle detections on the developed synthetic dataset, on both real and mixed datasets. The proposed framework generated a consistent dataset that can be used in vehicle detection networks, obtaining a mAP 0.5 above 96% and mAP 0.5:0.95 above 82%, also the precision values remained above 92%, and recall above 95%. It was also observed that the combination of synthetic images with real images can improve the performance of the model.

关键词： Computer vision Convolutional neural networks Object detection Synthetic images Vehicle detection.

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L2 Input-to-State Stability and Stabilization of Coupled Linear ODE-Hyperbolic PDE systems*

L2 Input-to-State Stability and Stabilization of Coupled Lin...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Daniel Coutinho Gustavo Artur de Andrade Franthiescolly Vieira de Carvalho Department of Automation and Systems Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Post-graduate Program in Automation and Systems Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

This paper addresses the problem of input-to-state stability (ISS) and stabilization of linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) coupled with a system of homogeneous linear hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs) through the boundaries. First, a Lyapunov result characterizing the ISS property for finite-dimensional systems is extended to deal with coupled ODE and PDE systems. The proposed ISS condition is then applied to derive stability and stabilization conditions in terms of linear matrix inequality constraints assuming magnitude bounded disturbances at the boundaries. Two convex optimization problems are also proposed in order to obtain either an optimized reachable set estimate or a boundary controller that minimizes the disturbance effects on the ${\mathcal{L}}_{2} \times \mathbb{R}$-norm of the system states. Numerical examples illustrate the potential of the proposed approach.

关键词： Partial differential equations Ordinary differential equations Convex functions Linear matrix inequalities Numerical stability

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Going in Circles: Key Aspects for Circular Economy Contributions to Agro-industrial Cooperatives

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Circular Economy and Sustainability 2023年第2期3卷 861-880页

作者： Barros, Murillo Vetroni de Jesus, Rômulo Henrique Gomes Ribeiro, Bruno Silva Piekarski, Cassiano Moro Sustainable Production Systems Laboratory (LESP) Graduate Program in Industrial Engineering (PPGEP) Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR) Paraná Ponta Grossa Brazil Department of Industrial Engineering Universidade Estadual do Paraná (UNESPAR) Paraná Paranaguá Brazil Sustainable Production Systems Laboratory (LESP) Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR) Paraná Ponta Grossa Brazil

The global agribusiness context faces at the same time challenges of feeding a growing global population that is used to safe and nutritious food, opportunities based on innovation, high technology and efficiency in the agri-food production systems from field to table. Given the context, this article aims to present the main key aspects of the circular economy to agro-industrial cooperatives. These contributions were named key aspects, such as circular and symbiotic practices, competitive advantages, innovation, cooperation and barriers and opportunities. The field presents a problem that few literature in fact discusses circular economy approaches in the context of agro-industrial cooperatives. As a methodological procedure, a literature review was carried out in three databases to obtain relevant documents and thus analyse and discuss some characteristics based on circular economy practices applied in agro-industrial cooperatives. As a result, a diagnosis of the current scenario that agro sector organizations are facing in terms of the main rural activities and sustainable practices that relate to the circular economy;measures taken to generate competitive advantage;innovation behaviour;and how linear and circular business models are being applied in the agroindustry. A framework is presented to show potential routes strategies for closing the cycle in an agro-industrial cooperative. The opportunities are based on the implementation of high technology in the field, the use of bioenergy and the development of new circular business models throughout the agro-value chain. The study has contributions to rural properties and managers of cooperatives in terms of waste reduction, innovation generation and increases in activities and processes based on circular economy. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Agro-industrial business Circular economy Circularity Cooperation Farm

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Experimental Investigation of Relationship between Inner Ground Resistance Force and Vibration Kinds for Underground Moving Robots

Experimental Investigation of Relationship between Inner Gro...

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Mechatronics and Robotics engineering (ICMRE), International Conference on

作者： Tomohiro Watanabe Kojiro Iizuka Mechanical Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Niigata University Niigata City Japan Department of Systems and Engineering and Science Shibaura Institute of Technology Saitama City Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350394276

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394283

In recent years, there have been many missions where the rovers land and explore the surface of planets or other extraterrestrial bodies. The purpose of these missions is to return the samples of extraterrestrial ground. These samples can solve the planets’ origins and their sources of life. They have not only scientific value but also engineering value. Information on ground characteristics is helpful when building the base. The underground samples are especially valuable because they are not affected by space weathering and keep good conditions. In this background, the rovers, which move underground, have received attention as the method to obtain underground samples. In our previous study, the moving mechanism, which moves underground using vibrations, was proposed. The internal ground resistance decreases when imparting vibrations because the ground particles move and behave like a fluid. On the other hand, the inner ground resistance increases after imparting vibrations because the ground was compacted. The proposed mechanism moves underground while changing the ground condition. This study investigated the relationship between internal ground resistance force and vibration kinds because this relationship helps move underground. In the experiment, inner ground resistance force was measured when an object vibrating was dragged on the ground. In the results, the inner ground resistance force is increased by the vibration whose vibratory force is low. On the other hand, it is decreased by the vibration whose vibratory force is high. This knowledge is valuable for designing the rover’s underground movement using vibrations.

关键词： Vibrations Resistance Knowledge engineering Mechatronics Planets Force Land surface

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Application of the K-Medoids Clustering Model and Borda Decision Group in Viewing Flood Area Groupings in North Aceh Regency

Application of the K-Medoids Clustering Model and Borda Deci...

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Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing (IWAIIP), International Workshop on

作者： Wahyu Fuadi Ilham Sahputra Dedi Fariadi Agustinar Informatics Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Lhokseumawe Indonesia Information Systems Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Lhokseumawe Indonesia Electrical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Malikussaleh Lhokseumawe Indonesia

The importance of the K-Medoid model in viewing disaster-prone areas in each sub-district in North Aceh. The advantage of the k-medoid model results is that it has better cluster centers than other models. The novelty of this research is the cluster results are assessed by each decision maker using the Borda group model in providing flood disaster assistance or areas that are a priority for handling, which are included in the flood-prone cluster. Therefore, this research is important because it can be used to identify areas most severely affected by flooding. This research aims to analyze and identify the impact of flood hazards based on grouping and decision-making using the Borda group model in each sub-district in North Aceh. The results of the k-medoids model show 3 clusters that can see potential areas for flood disasters, namely very vulnerable. There are six sub-districts. For the k-medoids results, ten sub-districts are vulnerable. Lastly, the safe zones are 11 sub-districts. This research’s k-medoid model analysis is more precise in seeing clusters of places that are potentially affected by flooding based on spatial maps of their nearest neighboring areas. The percentage of each cluster is as follows: Cluster 1 is 4%, Cluster 2 is 55%, and Cluster 3 is 41%. The k-medoid model provided this result after three iterations, with a closeness difference of 1.594510537. The results of the Borda model group research can be used as a recommendation for the areas that receive the highest priority in disaster management.

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