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Built environments for physical activity: a longitudinal descriptive analysis of Sao Paulo city, Brazil

Cities and Health 2023年第1期7卷 137-147页

作者： Teixeira, Inaian Pignatti Barbosa, João Paulo dos Anjos Souza Barrozo, Ligia Vizeu Hino, Adriano Akira Ferreira Nakamura, Priscila Missaki Andrade, Douglas Roque Mavoa, Suzanne Turrell, Gavin Reis, Rodrigo Siqueira Florindo, Alex Antonio Minas Gerais State University Passos Brazil Study Research and Scientific Support Group Minas Gerais State University Passos Brazil Physical Activity Epidemiology Group University of Sao Paulo São Paulo Brazil Department of Geography School of Philosophy Literature and Human Sciences University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Health Sciences Graduate Program School of Medicine and Life Sciences Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of South of Minas Gerais- Campus Muzambinho Muzambinho Brazil School of Arts Sciences and Humanities University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Graduate Program in Social Change and Political Participation School of Arts Sciences and Humanities University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil Melbourne School of Population & Global Health University of Melbourne Melbourne Australia Victoria Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) VIC Australia Centre for Urban Research RMIT University Melbourne Australia Health Research Institute University of Canberra Canberra Australia People health and Place Unit Prevention Research Center Brown School Washington University in Saint Louis St Louis MO United States Graduate Program in Nutrition in Public Health School of Public Health University of Sao Paulo Sao Paulo Brazil

City policies and plans play an important role in promoting physical activity through changes in the urban design and transportation systems. The objectives of this study were to describe longitudinal changes in the built environment relevant to leisure-time physical activity and active travel in Sao Paulo city, Brazil, between 2015 and 2020;to describe these changes according to regions of the city, census tracts’ income, and buffer zones around the residences of participants in a cohort. Using data from public online libraries, cross-checked with the specific municipal and state secretariats, the following were measured: public squares, parks, sports facilities, community clubs, outdoor gyms, bike paths, train or subway stations, bus terminals, and primary health care units. To quantify these attributes around the residences, four different buffers: 500 m and 1000 m radial buffers and 500 m and 1000 m network buffers were adopted. An increase was observed in outdoor gyms (+109.6%), bike paths (+67.7%), train or subway stations, bus terminals (+15.4%), sports facilities (+12.0%), and public squares (+8.7%). However, the changes differed according to the region, census tract income, and residential area. The results can serve to foster a discussion on the effects of local policies being executed. In addition, this study highlights important disparities in cities through the different levels evaluated. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： active transportation Built environment cohort inequality leisure-time physical activity monitoring

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Why collective music-making is sometimes rare: A study of four indigenous societies

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Evolution and Human Behavior 2025年第4期46卷 106695-106695页

作者： Shilton, Dor Patel, Aniruddh D. Hill, Kim von Rueden, Chris Cohn Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science Tel Aviv University Israel Edelstein Center for the History and Philosophy of Science Technology and Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel Department of Psychology Tufts University United States of America Program in Brain Mind and Consciousness Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Canada School of Human Evolution and Social Change Arizona State University United States of America Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond United States of America

AbstractCurrent prominent music evolution theories suggest music evolved as a participatory group activity, whose adaptive functions were strengthening and/or signaling social cohesion. However, the prevalence of collective music-making varies substantially across societies, and in some cases is exceptionally rare. Here, we consider hypotheses for three factors which could attenuate collective music-making: diminished collective action more generally, an emphasis on musical expertise, and solo-oriented musical styles. We examine data related to these hypotheses in four societies in which collective music-making is rare: the Tsimane of lowland Bolivia, the Ache of eastern Paraguay, the Ayoreo of Bolivia and Paraguay, and the Tuvans of the Russian Republic of Tyva. Our results suggest that the scale and religiosity of collective action are the most important factors related to the overall degree of collective music-making in these cultures. The effect of musical expertise was mostly limited to the dominance of shamans in religious contexts, while well-developed solo musical styles did not necessarily prevent group performance in other social settings. We also note the importance of cultural loss due to influence of invading colonial and imperial forces in diminishing indigenous forms of collective music-making. Notably, in all the cases we consider, episodes of some form of collective music-making do (or historically did) occur during important social events, a fact which supports the group-functionalist view. Our findings also point to the centrality and ubiquity of the religious function of music, and suggest this aspect of musical behavior needs to be better addressed by evolutionary theories of music.

关键词： Music Cross-cultural comparison Cultural evolution Collective action Religion

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Farmer’ satisfaction through broiler partnership system in Barru Regency, South Sulawesi

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2628卷

作者： K. Kasim St. Rohani H. Hastang S. Nurlaelah M. Darwis P. Astaman Department of Social Economics Faculty of Animal Science Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia Center for Research and Development on Democracy Conflict Culture and Humanities. Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM) Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar Indonesia Agribusiness Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Muhammadyah Sinjai University Sinjai Regency South Sulawesi Indonesia

The purpose of the study was to analyze farmer satisfaction with the broiler partnership system in the Barru regency. The type of research used is descriptive research. The sample was determined using Sloven’s formula, and as many as 36 farmers were randomly selected. Data were collected through observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and interviews with the help of a list of questions on each indicator measured using the Guttman scale, namely: 1 is dissatisfied, and 2 is satisfied using descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the satisfaction of farmers with broiler partnerships regarding the provision of production facilities and infrastructure, technical cultivation services, and postharvest implementation carried out by the core company showed a satisfied category which means that the existence of a partnership can benefit both parties.

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The Next Generation Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration: history, Philosophy, and Culture

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Galison, Peter Doboszewski, Juliusz Elder, Jamee Martens, Niels C.M. Ashtekar, Abhay Enander, Jonas Gueguen, Marie Kessler, Elizabeth A. Lalli, Roberto Lesourd, Martin Marcoci, Alexandru Murgueitio Ramírez, Sebastián Natarajan, Priyamvada Nguyen, James Reyes-Galindo, Luis Ritson, Sophie Schneider, Mike D. Skulberg, Emilie Sorgner, Helene Stanley, Matthew Thresher, Ann C. Van Dongen, Jeroen Weatherall, James Owen Wu, Jingyi Wüthrich, Adrian Black Hole Initiative Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of History of Science Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Lichtenberg Group for History and Philosophy of Physics University of Bonn Bonn53113 Germany Freudenthal Institute Utrecht University Utrecht3584 CC Netherlands Institute for Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology RWTH Aachen University Aachen52074 Germany Epistemology of the LHC Research Unit University of Wuppertal IZWT Gaußstraße 20 Wuppertal42119 Germany Physics Department Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos Pennsylvania State University State CollegePA16802 United States Independent scholar Stockholm Sweden Institute of Physics University of Rennes 1 Rennes35042 France American Studies Program Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Max Planck Institute for the History of Science Berlin14195 Germany Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale Politecnico di Torino Turin10129 Italy Centre for the Study of Existential Risk University of Cambridge CambridgeCB2 1SB United Kingdom Department of Philosophy Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Department of Astronomy Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Philosophy Stockholm University Stockholm10691 Sweden Knowledge Technology and Innovation/Philosophy Groups Wageningen University Wageningen6708 WG Netherlands Research Innovation Commercialisation The University of Melbourne Parkville3010 Australia Department of Philosophy University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65201 United States Institute of Physics University of Amsterdam Amsterdam1090 GL Netherlands Vossius Center for History of Humanities and Sciences University of Amsterdam Amsterdam1090 GL Netherlands Department of Science Communication and Higher Education

关键词： Telescopes

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Learning experience from learning sources: exploiting geographic and historical potential of guerrilla sites in Wonokarto Pacitan as a source of historical learning

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2020年第1期485卷

作者： W D Sulistyo M N L Khakim B Kurniawan A Dicky S History Department Faculty of Social Sciences Universitas Negeri Malang. East Java Indonesia Social Studies Education Study Program Faculty of Social Science Universitas Negeri Malang East Java Indonesia

Pacitan is an administrative area in East Java. in this Regency there is a historical site of the struggle of General Soedirman. Guerrilla struggle during the physical revolution in Indonesia, in the period 1945-1949. These historical sites are in the form of open houses and monuments. one of the guerrilla sites used as a scheme in this study is a halfway house in Wonokarto. Its location in the hills is one of the geographical potentials that support it as a source of historical learning. The method in this research is collaboration, namely history and qualitative. The results of this study are historical learning model schemes with the use of Guerilla historical sites in Wonokarto.

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Obstacles in the application of beef cattle insurance in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental science 2020年第1期492卷

作者： N A Pratiwi S N Sirajuddin A Asnawi Postgraduate Student of Animal Science and Technology Study Program Faculty of Animal Science Universitas Hasanuddin Department of Social Economics Faculty of Animal Science Universitas Hasanuddin

Cattle Business Insurance is one of the important programs to support the livestock sector. The purpose of this study was to determine the farmers' perceptions of the time of cattle business insurance claims in Gowa. This research was conducted in April 2019 which was located in Gowa Regency. The population in this study is the largest number of farmers who have participated in the cattle insurance program as many as 69 farmers. The results showed that the claim time is the biggest obstacle to the implementation of cattle business insurance because the time given is very short while the number of requirements that should be completed. The conclusion of this study is the farmers' perceptions of the time the cattle business insurance claims are in the District, including a major obstacle for farmers.

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To and fro in the archipelago: Repeated inter-island dispersal and New Guinea's orogeny affect diversification of Delias, the world's largest butterfly genus

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Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2024年 194卷 108022页

作者： Liang, Weijun Nunes, Renato Leong, Jing V. Carvalho, Ana Paula S. Müller, Chris J. Braby, Michael F. Pequin, Olivier Hoshizaki, Sugihiko Morinaka, Sadaharu Peggie, Djunijanti Badon, Jade Aster T. Mohagan, Alma B. Beaver, Ethan Hsu, Yu-Feng Inayoshi, Yutaka Monastyrskii, Alexander Vlasanek, Petr Toussaint, Emmanuel F.A. Benítez, Hugo A. Kawahara, Akito Y. Pierce, Naomi E. Lohman, David J. Department of Biology City College of New York City University of New York United States PhD Program in Biology Graduate Center City University of New York New York NY United States Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences Branisovska 31 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic Faculty of Science Department of Zoology University of South Bohemia Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Gainesville FL United States Australian Museum Sydney NSW Australia Division of Ecology and Evolution Research School of Biology The Australian National University Acton ACT Australia Australian National Insect Collection Canberra ACT Australia 5 Avenue du Port Sibouliere Dinard France Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of Tokyo Yayoi Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Japan Saitama Study Center The Open University of Japan Ômiya-ku Japan Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution National Research and Innovation Agency Cibinong-Bogor Indonesia Animal Biology Division Institute of Biological Sciences University of the Philippines Los Baños Laguna Philippines Department of Biology College of Arts and Sciences and Center for Biodiversity Research & Extension in Mindanao Central Mindanao University Musuan Maramag Bukidnon Philippines College of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Sritana Condominium 2 96/173 Huay Kaeo Rd. T. Suthep A. Muang Chiang Mai Thailand Vietnam National Museum of Nature Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Cau Giay Hanoi Viet Nam T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute Prague Czech Republic Department of Entomology Natural History Museum of Geneva Geneva Switzerland Laboratorio de Ecología y Morfometría Evolutiva Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del Maule Universidad Católica del Maule Talca Chile Entomolo

The world's largest butterfly genus Delias, commonly known as Jezebels, comprises ca. 251 species found throughout Asia, Australia, and Melanesia. Most species are endemic to islands in the Indo-Australian Archipelago or to New Guinea and nearby islands in Melanesia, and many species are restricted to montane habitats over 1200 m. We inferred an extensively sampled and well-supported molecular phylogeny of the group to better understand the spatial and temporal dimensions of its diversification. The remarkable diversity of Delias evolved in just ca. 15–16 Myr (crown age). The most recent common ancestor of a clade with most of the species dispersed out of New Guinea ca. 14 Mya, but at least six subsequently diverging lineages dispersed back to the island. Diversification was associated with frequent dispersal of lineages among the islands of the Indo-Australian Archipelago, and the divergence of sister taxa on a single landmass was rare and occurred only on the largest islands, most notably on New Guinea. We conclude that frequent inter-island dispersal during the Neogene—likely facilitated by frequent sea level change—sparked much diversification during that period. Many extant New Guinea lineages started diversifying 5 Mya, suggesting that orogeny facilitated their diversification. Our results largely agree with the most recently proposed species group classification system, and we use our large taxon sample to extend this system to all described species. Finally, we summarize recent insights to speculate how wing pattern evolution, mimicry, and sexual selection might also contribute to these butterflies’ rapid speciation and diversification. © 2024 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Aposematism Biogeographic stochastic mapping Divergence dating Indo-Australian archipelago Lepidoptera Sequence capture

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Support US OCTOPUS Act to keep octopuses wild

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science (New York, N.Y.) 2024年第6710期385卷 721-722页

作者： Jennifer Jacquet Becca Franks Peter Godfrey-Smith Walter Sanchez-Suarez Peter Abrams David Ainley Juan Jose Alava Saltos Kristin Andrews Maya F Bach Carl T Bergstrom Jonathan Birch Karen Bradshaw Daina Bray Kenneth Broad Cassandra M Brooks Lucas Brotz Culum Brown Heather Browning Gordon M Burghardt Mark Butler Craig Callender Robin Chadwin Katie Cramer Melissa Cronin Chris Darimont Nicolas Delon Samantha Derrick Jan Dutkiewicz Bart Elmore Gidon Eshel Kenneth Feeley Kristy Ferrero Rainer Froese Paul Greenburg Lori Gruen Matthew Hayek Keene Haywood Crystal Heath Kathy Hessler Alexandra Horowitz Natalie L Jacewicz Jeremy Jackson Dale Jamieson Ayana Johnson Adi Khen Barbara J King Andrew Knight Karen Kovaka Douglas A Kysar Elena Lara Oliver Lazarus Stefano B Longo Loredana Loy Giulia Malerbi Justin F Marceau Lori Marino Charles Mather Jennifer A Mather Douglas McCauley Loren McClenachan Sonali McDermid Susan K Mikota Vanessa J Mintzer Julia D Monk Sy Montgomery Viveca Morris Jamie Nakatani Deng Palomares Claire Paris Daniel Pauly Ana Siliva P Pedrazzani Diana Reiss Spencer Roberts Adam Roddy Helen M Rozwadowski Carl Safina Enric Sala Helen Scales Chris P Schlottmann Mindi Schneider Alex K Schnell Jeff Sebo Laurie Sellars Peter Singer Barbara B Smuts Lynne U Sneddon Tamler Sommers Danna Staaf Kristen A Stilt Daniel Suman Geoffrey Supran Annabelle Tao Ann C Thresher Aaron van Neste Cleo Verkuijl Christine Webb Michelle M Willette Mark Woods Katrina M Wyman Richard York Department of Environmental Science and Policy Rosenstiel School of Marine Atmospheric and Earth Science University of Miami Key Biscayne FL USA. Department of Environmental Studies New York University New York NY USA. School of History and Philosophy of Science University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia. Mercy For Animals Los Angeles CA USA. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada. H.T. Harvey & Associates Los Gatos CA USA. School of Resource and Environmental Management Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada. Department of Philosophy York University Toronto ON Canada. Department of Biology University of Washington Seattle WA USA. Department of Philosophy Logic and Scientific Method London School of Economics and Political Science London UK. Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law Arizona State University Phoenix AZ USA. Law Ethics and Animals Program Yale Law School Yale University New Haven CT USA. The Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy University of Miami Coral Gables FL USA. Department of Environmental Studies University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA. Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada. School of Natural Sciences Macquarie University Macquarie Park NSW Australia. Department of Philosophy University of Southampton Southampton UK. Department of Psychology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN USA. Department of Biological Sciences and the Institute of the Environment Florida International University Miami FL USA. Department of Philosophy University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Pau France. Julie Ann Wrigley Global Institute of Sustainability Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA. Nicholas School of the Environment Duke University Durham NC USA. Department of Geography University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada. Department of Philosophy College of Charleston Charleston SC USA. Plant Futu

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863 genomes reveal the origin and domestication of chicken

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细胞研究（英文版） 2020年第8期30卷 693-701页

作者： Ming-Shan Wang Mukesh Thakur Min-Sheng Peng Yu Jiang Laurent Alain Fran(c)ois Frantz Ming Li Jin-Jin Zhang Sheng Wang Joris Peters Newton Otieno Otecko Chatmongkon Suwannapoom Xing Guo Zhu-Qing Zheng Ali Esmailizadeh Nalini Yasoda Hirimuthugoda Hidayat Ashari Sri Suladari Moch Syamsul Arifin Zein Szilvia Kusza Saeed Sohrabi Hamed Kharrati-Koopaee Quan-Kuan Shen Lin Zeng Min-Min Yang Ya-Jiang Wu Xing-Yan Yang Xue-Mei Lu Xin-Zheng Jia Qing-Hua Nie Susan Joy Lamont Emiliano Lasagna Simone Ceccobelli Humpita Gamaralalage Thilini Nisanka Gunwardana Thilina Madusanka Senasige Shao-Hong Feng Jing-Fang Si Hao Zhang Jie-Qiong Jin Ming-Li Li Yan-Hu Liu Hong-Man Chen Cheng Ma Shan-Shan Dai Abul Kashem Fazlul Haque Bhuiyan Muhammad Sajjad Khan Gamamada Liyanage Lalanie Pradeepa Silva Thi-Thuy Le Okeyo Ally Mwai Mohamed Nawaz Mohamed Ibrahim Megan Supple Beth Shapiro Olivier Hanotte Guojie Zhang Greger Larson Jian-Lin Han Dong-Dong Wu Ya-Ping Zhang State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Yunnan Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Domestic Animals Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan China Kunming College of Life Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan China Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz CA USA Zoological Survey of India New Alipore Kolkata West Bengal India Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan China Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi China The Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network Research Laboratory for Archaeology and History of Art University of Oxford Oxford UK School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London London UK ArchaeoBioCenter and Department of Veterinary Sciences Institute of Palaeoanatomy Domestication Research and the History of Veterinary Medicine LMU Munich Munich Germany SNSB Bavarian State Collection of Anthropology and Palaeoanatomy Munich Germany School of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of Phayao Phayao Thailand College of Animal Science and Technology Anhui Agricultural University Hefei Anhui China Department of Animal Science Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman Iran Faculty of Agriculture University of Ruhuna Matara Sri Lanka Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense Research Center for Biology Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI) Cibinong Indonesia CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Beijing China Institute of Animal Husbandry Biotechnology and Nature Conservation University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary Institute of Biotechnology School of Agriculture Shi

Despite the substantial role that chickens have played in human societies across the world,both the geographic and temporal origins of their domestication remain *** address this issue,we analyzed 863 genomes from a worldwide sampling of chickens and representatives of all four species of wild jungle fowl and each of the five subspecies of red jungle fowl (RJF).Our study suggests that domestic chickens were initially derived from the RJF subspecies Gallus gallus spadiceus whose present-day distribution is predominantly in southwestern China,northern Thailand and *** their domestication,chickens were translocated across Southeast and South Asia where they interbred locally with both RJF subspecies and other jungle fowl *** addition,our results show that the White Leghorn chicken breed possesses a mosaic of divergent ancestries inherited from other subspecies of *** the strong episodic gene flow from geographically divergent lineages of jungle fowls,our analyses show that domestic chickens undergo genetic adaptations that underlie their unique behavioral,morphological and reproductive *** study provides novel insights into the evolutionary history of domestic chickens and a valuable resource to facilitate ongoing genetic and functional investigations of the world's most numerous domestic animal.

关键词： Comparative genomics Structural variation

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I see sick people: Beliefs about sensory detection of infectious disease are largely consistent across cultures

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Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 2025年 128卷 737-750页

作者： Ackerman, Joshua M. Samore, Theodore Fessler, Daniel M.T. Kupfer, Tom R. Choi, Soyeon Merrell, Wilson N. Aarøe, Lene Aavik, Toivo Acabado, Stephen Akello, Grace Alfian, Ilham N. Al-Shawaf, Laith Alvarez, Marinés M. Ammann, Jeanine Arikan, Gizem Asha, Saiyeda A. Astobiza, Anibal M. Baeza-Ugarte, Carmen G. Barclay, Pat Barlow, Fiona Kate Bizarro, Lisiane Bressan, Paola Castellanos-Chacón, Andres Choy, Bryan K.C. Chusairi, Achmad Contreras-Garduño, Jorge Chávez Cosamalón, Brenda L. Costa-Neves, Bernardo De, Mallika de Lima, Tiago J.S. de Zoysa, Piyanjali Dryžaitė, Ieva Elbæk, Christian T. Fedor, Peter Fernández, Ana M. Fernandez-Morales, Regina Fülöp, Márta Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer Lado Garcia-Gómez, Leonor Garcia-Marques, Leonel Garduño-Franco, Jimena Pilar Grazioso, María del Habacht, Fanny Hasan, Youssef Haugestad, Camila P. Haugestad, Christian A.P. Havlíček, Jan Hernandez, Earl J. Hoang, Vu M. Hong, Minsung Hromatko, Ivana Iliško, Dzintra Imada, Hirotaka Jakšić, Ivana Jarmakowski, Tomasz Hjördísar Jónsdóttir, Harpa L. Kajokaite, Kotrina Kaňková, Šárka Kervyn, Nicolas Kim, Jinseok P. Kunst, Jonas R. Laakasuo, Michael Leongómez, Juan David Li, Norman P. Lu, Junsong Lynch, Nathan Maegli, María A. Manley, Harry Marcu, Gabriela McAfee, Thea Mitkidis, Panagiotis Molnár, Nándor B. Morvinski, Coby Muhamad, Haslina Nejat, Pegah Huy, Hoang Nguyen Oliveira, Angelica N. Olsson, Mats J. Onyishi, Charity N. Onyishi, Ike E. Orozco, Reegan Otterbring, Tobias Ottersen, Ida S. Pacheco-López, Gustavo Panagiotopoulou, Penny Paniagua, Walter Parvin, Roksana Pavlović, Zoran Prokop, Pavol Raffman, Emma Rizwan, Muhammad Rojas, Sheila Różycka-Tran, Joanna Sánchez, Oscar R. Selim, Heyla Sevi, Barış Shani, Yaniv Shastry, Madhulika S. Stieger, Stefan Suh, Eunkook M. Sumari, Melati Takemura, Kosuke Tognetti, Arnaud Trombetta, Roberta Z.R. Tybur, Joshua M. Ucak, Eylul B. Uchida, Yukiko Valentova, Jaroslava V. Viciana, Hugo Visine, Amandine Wang, Jin Wang, XT Yahiiaiev, Illia I. Zein, Rizqy A. Žeželj, Iris Department of Psychology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Religion Programme University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand Department of Anthropology University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA United States Center for Behavior Evolution & Culture University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA United States Bedari Kindness Institute University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA United States Department of Psychology Nottingham Trent University England Nottingham United Kingdom Department of Psychology University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI United States Center for the Experimental-Philosophical Study of Discrimination Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Department of Political Science Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Institute of Psychology University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Department of Mental Health Faculty of Medicine Gulu University Gulu Uganda Department of Psychology Universitas Airlangga East Java Indonesia Department of Psychology University of Colorado Colorado Springs Colorado Springs CO United States Department of Psychology Universidad del Valle Guatemala Guatemala City Guatemala Agroscope Research group Economic Modelling and Policy Analysis Ettenhausen Switzerland Department of Political Science Trinity College Dublin Dublin Ireland Department of Psychology International University of Business Agriculture and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Philosophy University of Granada Granada Spain Department of Psychology University of Guelph Guelph ON Canada School of Psychology University of Queensland Brisbane QLD Australia Graduate Program in Psychology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Do Sul RS Porto Alegre Brazil Department of General Psychology University of Padova Padova Italy Faculty of Psychology Universidad El Bosque Bogotá Colombia Ministry of Defence Singapore Sustainability and Education Policy Network Saskatoon SK Canada Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores unid

Identifying cues to contagious disease is critical for effectively tracking and defending against interpersonal infection threats. People hold lay beliefs about the types of sensory information most relevant for identifying whether others are sick with transmissible illnesses. Are these beliefs universal, or do they vary along cultural and ecological dimensions? Participants in 58 countries (N = 19,217) judged how effective, and how likely they were to use, cues involving each of the five major sensory modalities in an imagined social interaction during a flu outbreak. Belief patterns were strongly consistent across countries (sight > audition > touch > smell > taste), suggesting a largely universal conceptualization of the role of sensory information for interpersonal respiratory disease detection. Results also support a safe senses hypothesis, with perceivers reporting that they would use senses that function at a distance—and thus reduce pathogen transmission risk—more than would be expected given participants’ beliefs as to the efficacy of these senses for disease detection. Where societal variation did emerge, it was captured by a cohesive set of socio-ecological factors, including human development, latitude, pathogen prevalence, and population density. Together, these findings reveal a shared lens through which contagious respiratory disease is assessed, one that prioritizes minimizing risk to perceivers, and may offer leverage for designing interventions to improve public health. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： Behavioral immune system Culture Iterpersonal perception Pathogen threat Sensation Threat detection

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