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Joint 9th IFSA World Congress and 20th NAFIPS International Conference

作者： Schultz, Larry J. Shannon, Thaddeus T. Lendaris, George G. Electrical Engineering Dept. Northwest Computational Intell. Portland State University P.O. Box 751 Portland OR 97207 United States Systems Science Ph.D Program Northwest Computational Intell. Portland State University P.O. Box 751 Portland OR 97207 United States

The approximate dynamic programming method known as Dual Heuristic programming (DHP) is applied to the design of a fuzzy controller for a 4-wheel, 2-axle vehicle. This controller is designed to guide an autonomous aut... 详细信息

关键词： Heuristic programming

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Deep potentials for materials science

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Materials Futures 2022年第2期1卷 89-115页

作者： Tongqi Wen Linfeng Zhang Han Wang Weinan E David J Srolovitz Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong Special Administrative Region of China DP Technology BeijingPeople’s Republic of China AI for Science Institute BeijingPeople’s Republic of China Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijingPeople’s Republic of China HEDPS CAPTCollege of EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijingPeople’s Republic of China School of Mathematical Sciences Peking UniversityBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Mathematics and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJUnited States of America International Digital Economy Academy(IDEA) ShenzhenPeople’s Republic of China

To fill the gap between accurate(and expensive)ab initio calculations and efficient atomistic simulations based on empirical interatomic potentials,a new class of descriptions of atomic interactions has emerged and been widely applied;*** learning potentials(MLPs).One recently developed type of MLP is the deep potential(DP)*** this review,we provide an introduction to DP methods in computational materials *** theory underlying the DP method is presented along with a step-by-step introduction to their development and *** also review materials applications of DPs in a wide range of materials *** DP Library provides a platform for the development of DPs and a database of extant *** discuss the accuracy and efficiency of DPs compared with ab initio methods and empirical potentials.

关键词： deep potential atomistic simulation machine learning potential neural network

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Numerical simulation on a reacting flow of a small gas turbine combustor with various spray conditions

Numerical simulation on a reacting flow of a small gas turbi...

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2010 Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Aerospace Technology, APISAT 2010

作者： Kim, Seihwan Jo, Sungjohyun Jeung, Inseuck Park, Heeho Na, Sangkwon Interdisciplinary Program in Computational Science and Technology Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Samsung Tech Win Co. Ltd. Gyeonggi Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9787561228999

According to the report, about 50% of helicopters in Korea are manufactured more than 30 years ago. For this reason, the large project on the development of the helicopter is proposed. In this research, relationship between the atomization properties and the characteristics of the reacting flow field in a small gas turbine engine are studied. In general, researches on the development of an injector need a lot of experiments. But those experiments always have the risks of explosion and an emission of toxic gases. Recently computational studies on a chemical reacting flow are widely used as the speed of CPU becomes faster. A spray structure can be expressed in terms of droplet size distribution, break-up length, spray angle, and penetration distance. Among those, the characteristics of the reacting flow field in the gas turbine engine according to various droplet sizes are investigated. Combustion chamber is modeled with 1. 3 million hybrid grid and n-pentane is used for the fuel. With those setting, spray droplet trajectory and temperature distribution are compared. For the cases with three different droplet's mean diameter, as the parcel size of the fuel decreases, reaction occurs faster in smaller area. But those small parcels cannot penetrate deeper, fuels is not equally distributed. Although heat transfer and diffusion occur, this inequality increases the pattern factor, important parameter on the combustor performance. Comparisons on the outlet temperature with two different sizes show that to get lower pattern factor, mean diameter of the spray parcels should be at least 80. This means that injection of smaller parcels than the specific value reduces overall performance of the engine. In this work, only the droplet size distribution and spray angle are considered. There are lots of variables to affect the injection properties, more researches are planed and we work on some of these.

关键词： CFD-ACE Gas turbine N-pentane Numerical simulation Reacting flow Subsonic

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Phage therapy

NATURE REVIEWS METHODS PRIMERS

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NATURE REVIEWS METHODS PRIMERS 2025年第1期5卷 1页

作者： [Anonymous] Human Microbiome Research Program Department of Bacteriology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Study Group for Non-traditional Antibacterial Therapy (ESGNTA) Basel Switzerland Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR) Faculty of Dental Medicine Hebrew University of Jerusaleum Jerusalem Israel The Israeli Phage Center (IPTC) of the Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical Center Jerusalem Israel Department of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Hadassah–Hebrew University Medical Center Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Laboratory of Gene Technology Department of Biosystems KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Leicester Centre for Phage Research Department of Genetics and Genome Biology University of Leicester Leicester UK Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics Globe Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Centre of Excellence for Omics-Driven Computational Biodiscovery (COMBio) AIMST University Bedong Kedah Malaysia Laboratory of Phage Molecular Biology Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy Wrocław Poland Wrocław University of Science and Technology Faculty of Medicine Wrocław Poland Department of Biological Sciences University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Laboratory for Molecular and Cellular Technology Queen Astrid Military Hospital Brussels Belgium Department of Biological and Environmental Science Nanoscience Center University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland Chemical Engineering Department Loughborough University Loughborough UK

Bacteriophage (phages) are viruses that exclusively use bacterial cells for propagation, killing the bacterial host in the process. In phage therapy, phages are used to reduce bacterial numbers, thereby curing bacterial infections. Although this principle is conceptually straightforward, its practical application faces several hurdles. In this Primer, the practical aspects of phage therapy are outlined. We introduce the microbiological methods used to prepare and characterize phages and elucidate their interactions with bacteria. The discussion covers how the information in complete phage genome sequences is used, along with how RNA sequencing can enhance our understanding of phage biology. Selection parameters for therapeutic phages for clinical applications and key elements in industrial-scale phage production are provided. A summary of clinical trials both past and present, phage administration and dosing issues is analysed, as well as limitations associated with phage therapy and mitigation strategies. Finally, we speculate on the future of phage therapy.

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Diffusion suppression in gel dosimetry by addition of nanoclay

Diffusion suppression in gel dosimetry by addition of nanocl...

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World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical engineering

作者： Maeyama, T. Fukunishi, N. Ishikawa, K.L. Fukasaku, K. Furuta, T. Takagi, S. Noda, S. Himeno, R. RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science Wako Japan RIKEN Computational Science Research Program Wako Japan University of Tokyo Department of Nuclear Engineering and Management Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo Japan University of Tokyo Photon Science Center Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo Japan Himon'ya Hospital Department of Neurosurgery Tokyo Japan University of Tokyo Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tokyo Japan RIKEN Advanced Center for Computing and Communication Wako Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783642293047

This paper reports diffusion suppression in gel dosimetery by using nanocomposite gel. A Fricke xylenol gel (FXG) and a dichromate gel (DCG) were selected for adding a small amount of nanoclay (Laponite XLG). The diffusion coefficient and T1 distribution were evaluated by irradiating the gel dosimeter with a heavy ion beam. As a result, these gels showed improvement in the diffusion coefficient. In particular, by addition of the clay, the DCG exhibited diffusion-free characteristics. Moreover, it exhibited high stability after irradiation. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Nanocomposites

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Domain Formation in the Plasma Membrane: Roles of Nonequilibrium Lipid Transport and Membrane Proteins

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Physical Review Letters 2008年第17期100卷 178102-178102页

作者： Jun Fan Maria Sammalkorpi Mikko Haataja Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM) and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics (PACM) Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

Compositional lipid domains (“lipid rafts”) in plasma membranes are believed to be important components of many cellular processes. The mechanisms by which cells regulate the sizes and lifetimes of these spatially extended domains are poorly understood at the moment. Here we show that the competition between phase separation in an immiscible lipid system and active cellular lipid transport processes naturally leads to the formation of such domains. Furthermore, we demonstrate that local interactions with immobile membrane proteins can spatially localize the rafts and lead to further clustering.

关键词： Lipids

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Influence of nonequilibrium lipid transport, membrane compartmentalization, and membrane proteins on the lateral organization of the plasma membrane

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Physical Review E 2010年第1期81卷 011908-011908页

Compositional lipid domains (lipid rafts) in plasma membranes are believed to be important components of many cellular processes. The mechanisms by which cells regulate the sizes, lifetimes, and spatial localization of these domains are rather poorly understood at the moment. We propose a robust mechanism for the formation of finite-sized lipid raft domains in plasma membranes, the competition between phase separation in an immiscible lipid system and active cellular lipid transport processes naturally leads to the formation of such domains. Simulations of a continuum model reveal that the raft size distribution is broad and the average raft size is strongly dependent on the rates of cellular and interlayer lipid transport processes. We demonstrate that spatiotemporal variations in the recycling may enable the cell to localize larger raft aggregates at specific parts along the membrane. Moreover, we show that membrane compartmentalization may further facilitate spatial localization of the raft domains. Finally, we demonstrate that local interactions with immobile membrane proteins can spatially localize the rafts and lead to further clustering.

关键词： Cell membranes

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Lipid Microdomains: Structural Correlations, Fluctuations, and Formation Mechanisms

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Physical Review Letters 2010年第11期104卷 118101-118101页

作者： Jun Fan Maria Sammalkorpi Mikko Haataja Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM) Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics (PACM) Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

Compositional lipid microdomains (“lipid rafts”) in mammalian plasma membranes are believed to facilitate many important cellular processes. While several physically distinct scenarios predicting the presence of finite-sized microdomains in vivo have been proposed in the past, direct experimental verification or falsification of model predictions has remained elusive. Herein, we demonstrate that the combination of the spatial correlation and temporal fluctuation spectra of the lipid domains can be employed to unambiguously differentiate between the existing theoretical scenarios. Furthermore, the differentiation of the raft formation mechanisms using this methodology can be achieved by collecting data at physiologically relevant conditions without the need to tune control parameters.

关键词： Cell membranes

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Hydrodynamic interaction between overlapping domains during recurrence of registration within planar lipid bilayer membranes

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Physical Review E 2014年第3期89卷 032717-032717页

作者： Tao Han Trevor P. Bailey Mikko Haataja Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM) and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics (PACM) Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

Due to a thermodynamic coupling between the two leaflets comprising a lipid bilayer, compositional lipid domains residing within opposing leaflets are often found in registry. If the system is perturbed by displacing one domain relative to the other, diffusive and advective lipid fluxes are established to restore equilibrium and reestablish domain overlap. In this work, we focus on the advective part of the process, and first derive an analytical expression for the hydrodynamic drag coefficient associated with the advective flow for the special case of perfect domain overlap. The resulting expression identifies parameter regions where sliding friction between the leaflets dominates over viscous dissipation within the leaflets or vice versa. It is shown that in all practically relevant cases, sliding friction between the leaflets is the dominant factor. Finally, we investigate the domain separation dependence of the hydrodynamic drag coefficient via direct simulations of a continuum diffuse interface model, and provide useful empirical expressions for its behavior.

关键词： HYDRODYNAMICS BILAYER lipid membranes DRAG coefficient ENERGY dissipation SLIDING friction FLUX (Energy)

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Comprehensive analysis of compositional interface fluctuations in planar lipid bilayer membranes

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Physical Review E 2011年第5期84卷 051903-051903页

作者： Tao Han Mikko Haataja Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials (PRISM) and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics (PACM) Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

In this paper we present a comprehensive analysis of line tension-driven compositional interface fluctuations in planar lipid bilayer membranes. Our starting point is the advective Cahn-Hilliard equation for the local lipid composition in symmetric membranes, which explicitly incorporates both advective and diffusive lipid transport processes, and which is coupled to the continuum hydrodynamic equations governing the flow behavior of the membrane and surrounding solvent with finite subphase thickness. In order to extract the interface dynamics from the continuum phase-field formalism, we first derive the appropriate sharp-interface limit equations. We then carry out a linear perturbation analysis for the relaxational dynamics of small-amplitude sinusoidal interface fluctuations to yield the general dispersion relation ωk as a function of perturbation wave number k. The resulting expression incorporates the effects of diffusive and advective lipid transport processes within the membrane, viscous or viscoelastic membrane properties, coupling between membrane and solvent, and inertial effects within the membrane and solvent. It is shown that previously considered scenarios naturally emerge as limiting cases of the general result. Furthermore, we discuss two additional scenarios amenable to analysis, one in which the inertia of the solvent is relevant, and another one in which the membrane displays significant viscoelastic properties. Finally, we numerically evaluate the general dispersion relation for three representative model membrane systems.

关键词： BILAYER lipid membranes FLUCTUATIONS (Physics) PERTURBATION (Mathematics) VISCOELASTICITY HYDRODYNAMICS

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