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The crystallite size-disorder relationship based on the spiral paracrystal

Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations of Crystallography 2000年第6期56卷 549-553页

作者： Eads, J.L. Millane, R.P. Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research Computational Science and Engineering Program Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-1160 United States

A simple physical model of the relationship between crystallite size and disorder for paracrystalline materials is presented, based on the spiral paracrystal and distortion of the lattice cells. Simulations show that the model leads to relationships similar to the α* rule. Average crystallite sizes predicted by the model are in agreement with experimental data and also allow crystallite-size distributions to be proposed. The model provides a more satisfactory and complete explanation of this relationship than do current descriptions.

关键词： paracrystal crystallite size disorder α* rule distortion.

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Topic activation analysis for document streams based on document arrival rate and relevance 05

Topic activation analysis for document streams based on docu...

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20th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing

作者： Cui, Chunhua Kitagawa, Hiroyuki Master's Program in Science and Engineering University of Tsukuba Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba

ISBN: (纸本)9781581139648

With the advance of network technology in recent years, the dissemination and exchange of massive documents has become commonplace. Accordingly, the importance of content analysis techniques is increasing. Topic analysis in large-scale document streams such as E-mails and news articles is an important research issue. This paper addresses techniques for "topic activation analysis" for document streams. For example, when news articles with a strong relationship to a given topic arrive frequently in a news stream, we can regard the activation level of the topic as high. In [I], Kleinberg proposed a method for analyzing document streams. Although the main objective of his method was to detect bursts of topics, it can also be used for topic activation analysis. His method, however, has a serious limitation in that it only looks at the arrival rate of documents and ignores the degree of relevance for each document. Another limitation is that his method is "batch-oriented." This paper first proposes a novel topic activation analysis scheme that incorporates both document arrival rate and relevance to address the first problem. It then presents an incremental scheme more appropriate for a document streaming environment. The proposed schemes are validated by experiments using real CNN news articles. Copyright 2005 ACM.

关键词： Computer networks

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High-resolution dynamic imaging of chromatin DNA communication using Oligo-LiveFISH

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Cell 2025年

作者： Zhu, Yanyu Balaji, Ashwin Han, Mengting Andronov, Leonid Roy, Anish R. Wei, Zheng Chen, Crystal Miles, Leanne Cai, Sa Gu, Zhengxi Tse, Ariana Yu, Betty Chentzu Uenaka, Takeshi Lin, Xueqiu Spakowitz, Andrew J. Moerner, W.E. Qi, Lei S. Department of Bioengineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Department of Chemistry Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Biophysics PhD Program Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Computational Biology Program Public Health Sciences Division and Translational Data Science IRC Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center Seattle 98109 WA United States Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine and Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford 94305 CA United States Sarafan ChEM-H Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San Francisco 94080 CA United States

Three-dimensional (3D) genome dynamics are crucial for cellular functions and disease. However, real-time, live-cell DNA visualization remains challenging, as existing methods are often confined to repetitive regions, suffer from low resolution, or require complex genome engineering. Here, we present Oligo-LiveFISH, a high-resolution, reagent-based platform for dynamically tracking non-repetitive genomic loci in diverse cell types, including primary cells. Oligo-LiveFISH utilizes fluorescent guide RNA (gRNA) oligo pools generated by computational design, in vitro transcription, and chemical labeling, delivered as ribonucleoproteins. Utilizing machine learning, we characterized the impact of gRNA design and chromatin features on imaging efficiency. Multi-color Oligo-LiveFISH achieved 20-nm spatial resolution and 50-ms temporal resolution in 3D, capturing real-time enhancer and promoter dynamics. Our measurements and dynamic modeling revealed two distinct modes of chromatin communication, and active transcription slows enhancer-promoter dynamics at endogenous genes like FOS. Oligo-LiveFISH offers a versatile platform for studying 3D genome dynamics and their links to cellular processes and disease. © 2025 Elsevier Inc.

关键词： CRISPR imaging DNA communication dynamic tracking enhancer-promoter interaction high-resolution imaging live DNA imaging non-repetitive genome imaging Oligo-LiveFISH polymer modeling primary cell

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Automated Deep Learning Empowered Breast Cancer Diagnosis UsingBiomedical Mammogram Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4221-4235页

作者： JoséEscorcia-Gutierrez Romany F.Mansour Kelvin Belen Javier Jiménez-Cabas Meglys Pérez Natasha Madera Kevin Velasquez Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering Program Universidad Autónoma del CaribeBarranquilla08001Colombia Department of Mathematics Faculty of ScienceNew Valley UniversityEl-Kharga72511Egypt Mechatronics Engineering Program Universidad Autónoma del CaribeBarranquilla08001Colombia Department of Computational Science and Electronic Universidad de la CostaCUCBarranquilla08001Colombia

Biomedical image processing is a hot research topic which helps to majorly assist the disease diagnostic *** the same time,breast cancer becomes the deadliest disease among women and can be detected by the use of different imaging *** mammograms can be used for the earlier identification and diagnostic of breast cancer to minimize the death *** the proper identification of breast cancer has mainly relied on the mammography findings and results to increased false *** resolving the issues of false positives of breast cancer diagnosis,this paper presents an automated deep learning based breast cancer diagnosis(ADL-BCD)model using digital *** goal of the ADL-BCD technique is to properly detect the existence of breast lesions using digital *** proposed model involves Gaussian filter based pre-processing and Tsallis entropy based image *** addition,Deep Convolutional Neural Network based Residual Network(ResNet 34)is applied for feature extraction ***,a hyper parameter tuning process using chimp optimization algorithm(COA)is applied to tune the parameters involved in ResNet 34 *** wavelet neural network(WNN)is used for the classification of digital mammograms for the detection of breast *** ADL-BCD method is evaluated using a benchmark dataset and the results are analyzed under several performance *** simulation outcome indicated that the ADL-BCD model outperforms the state of art methods in terms of different measures.

关键词： Breast cancer digital mammograms deep learning wavelet neural network Resnet 34 disease diagnosis

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High-fidelity numerical simulation of a chevron nozzle jet flow

High-fidelity numerical simulation of a chevron nozzle jet f...

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作者： Uzun, Ali Hussaini, M. Yousuff Program in Computational Science and Engineering Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306-4510 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781563479748

This paper reports results from our ongoing research on the noise of jets exhausting from chevron nozzles. Results from the simulation of a moderate Reynolds number cold jet flow exhausting from a chevron nozzle designated as SMC006 are presented. This nozzle geometry was experimentally studied by the researchers at the NASA Glenn Research Center. Results from the simulation are compared with the experimental measurements. The SMC006 nozzle contains six symmetric chevrons that have an approximately 18-degree penetration angle. In this study, the flow inside the nozzle geometry and the free jet flow outside are computed simultaneously by a high-order accurate, multi-block, large eddy simulation (LES) code with overset grid capability. For the SMC006 chevron nozzle test case, the governing equations are solved on approximately 400 million grid points using 2048 processors in parallel. The main emphasis of the simulation is to compute the jet flow in as much detail as possible and accurately capture the physical processes that lead to noise generation. It is especially critical to capture the enhanced shear layer mixing due to chevrons that takes place within the first few diameters downstream of the nozzle exit. The goal of the present simulation is to resolve the full noise frequency range of interest. Our calculations resolve the jet flow field in an unprecedented level of detail by utilizing extreme computational resources and and thus they are the first of their kind. Despite some issues such as an order of magnitude lower simulation Reynolds number (relative to experimental value) and unknown initial turbulence intensity levels within the experimental nozzle, it is shown that both the near-field jet turbulence and far-field noise predictions are in good agreement with the experimental measurements. Copyright © 2009 by the authors.

关键词： Reynolds number

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Stylistic analysis of paintings using wavelets and machine learning

Stylistic analysis of paintings using wavelets and machine l...

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17th European Signal Processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2009

作者： Jafarpour, Sina Polatkan, Güngör Brevdo, Eugene Hughes, Shannon Brasoveanu, Andrei Daubechies, Ingrid Princeton University Departments of Electrical Engineering Computer Science and Mathematics Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton NJ 08544 United States

Wavelet transforms and machine learning tools can be used to assist art experts in the stylistic analysis of paintings. A dual-tree complex wavelet transform, Hidden Markov Tree modeling and Random Forest classifiers are used here for a stylistic analysis of Vincent van Gogh's paintings with results on two stylometry challenges that concern "dating, resp. extracting distinguishing features". © EURASIP, 2009.

关键词： Decision trees

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B(s)→D(s)(*)M decays in the presence of final-state interactions

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Physical Review D 2025年第9期111卷 095020-095020页

作者： Albertus Hariwangsa Panuluh Satoshi Tanaka Hiroyuki Umeeda Department of Physics Education Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Sanata Dharma University Paingan Maguwohardjo Sleman Yogyakarta 55282 Indonesia Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526 Japan Scientific Computational Division Nippon Advanced Information Service (NAIS Co. Inc.) 416 Muramatsu Tokaimura Naka-gun Ibaraki 319-1112 Japan Center for Theoretical Physics and College of Physics Jilin University Changchun 130012 China China Center of Advanced Science and Technology Beijing 100190 China Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

In light of the recent data for B¯(s)→D(s)(*)P and B¯(s)→D(s)V decays, we perform a model-independent phenomenological analysis in the presence of quasielastic rescattering. With the Wilson coefficients including contributions beyond the standard model, the lifetimes of the B meson and Bd0−B¯d0 mixing are investigated to clarify correlations among the observables. We show that parameter regions for quasielastic rescattering, the size of color-suppressed tree amplitudes, and new physics are constrained due to the lifetime data. As a consequence, it is revealed that this scenario can be tested by the future LHCb measurement of the width difference in Bd0−B¯d0 mixing and semileptonic CP asymmetry.

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Fluorescent imaging for in situ measurement of drug target engagement and cell signaling pathways

Fluorescent imaging for in situ measurement of drug target e...

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Microscopy Histopathology and Analytics, Microscopy 2020

作者： McMahon, Nathan Solanki, Allison Jones, Jocelyn Kwon, Sunjong Chang, Young-Hwan Chin, Koei Nederlof, Michel Gray, Joe Gibbs, Summer L. Department of Biomedical Engineering Computational Biology Program Oregon Health and Science University PortlandOR97201 United States Knight Cancer Institute Computational Biology Program Oregon Health and Science University PortlandOR97201 United States Center for Spatial Systems Biomedicine Computational Biology Program Oregon Health and Science University PortlandOR97201 United States Quantitative Imaging Systems PittsburghPA15238 United States

Successful targeted cancer treatment continues to elude modern medicine and its many therapeutic strategies. Herein, we propose a fluorescent imaging technique to measure drug localization and subsequent cell signalin... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781943580743

关键词： Cell signaling

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Threshold and decay properties of transient isolated turbulent band in plane Couette flow

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2019年第10期40卷 1449-1456页

作者： Jianzhou LU Jianjun TAO Weitao ZHOU Xiangming XIONG CAPT-HEDPS SKLTCS Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science College of Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China The Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 U. S.A.

By direct numerical simulations of the plane Couette flow (PCF) in a large computational domain, it is shown that an isolated turbulent band decays monotonically at low Reynolds numbers but experiences transient growth before the eventual relaminarization at moderate Reynolds numbers. The lower bound Reynolds number of the transient-growth regime is determined as 286. The width, length, and tilt angle of the iso- lated band structure are defined based on the disturbance kinetic energy in the mid-plane, and the geometric characteristics of the band can be described with a tilted rectangle. It is illustrated that before its eventual fragmentation, the isolated turbulent band decays in a style of longitudinal contraction, where the center, width, and tilt angle of the band keep almost constant but the band length contracts with a statistically constant velocity.

关键词： plane Couette flow (PCF) subcritical transition turbulent band

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computational Characterization of the Recently Synthesized Pristine and Porous 12-Atom-Wide Armchair Graphene Nanoribbon

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： da Gomes, Djardiel S. Felix, Isaac M. Radel, Willian F. Dias, Alexandre C. Ribeiro Junior, Luiz A. Pereira Junior, Marcelo L. State University of Campinas Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics Department of Applied Physics Campinas São Paulo13083-859 Brazil University of Brasília Faculty UnB Planaltina Materials Science Postgraduate Program Federal District Brasília Brazil Center for Agri-food Science and Technology Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Pombal58840-000 Brazil University of Brasília Institute of Physics Physics Postgraduate Program Federal District Brasília70910900 Brazil Institute of Physics International Center of Physics University of Brasília Federal District Brasília70910-900 Brazil Institute of Physics University of Brasília Federal District Brasília70910-900 Brazil Computational Materials Laboratory University of Brasília Federal District Brasília70910900 Brazil University of Brasília College of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Federal District Brasília70910-900 Brazil

Recently synthesized Porous 12-Atom-Wide Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons (12-AGNRs) [Nano Lett. 2024, 24, 10718-10723]exhibit tunable properties through periodic porosity, enabling precise control over their electronic, optical, thermal, and mechanical behavior. This work presents a comprehensive theoretical characterization of pristine and porous 12-AGNRs based on density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. DFT calculations reveal substantial electronic modifications, including band gap widening and the emergence of localized states. Analyzed within the Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE) framework, optical properties highlight strong excitonic effects and significant absorption shifts. Thermal transport simulations indicate a pronounced reduction in conductivity due to enhanced phonon scattering at nanopores. At the same time, MD-based mechanical analysis shows decreased stiffness and strength while maintaining structural integrity. Despite these modifications, porous 12-AGNRs remain mechanically and thermally stable. These findings establish porosity engineering as a powerful strategy for tailoring graphene nanoribbons’ functional properties, reinforcing their potential for nanoelectronic, optoelectronic, and thermal management *** Codes 00-xx © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Nanoribbons

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