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arXiv 2023年

作者： Kofler, Florian Steinbauer, Felix Meissen, Felix Graf, Robert Ehrlich, Stefan K. Reinke, Annika Oswald, Eva Waldmannstetter, Diana Hoelzl, Florian Horvath, Izabela Turgut, Oezguen Shit, Suprosanna Bukas, Christina Yang, Kaiyuan Paetzold, Johannes C. de da Rosa, Ezequiel Mekki, Isra Vinayahalingam, Shankeeth Kassem, Hasan Zhang, Juexin Chen, Ke Weng, Ying Durrer, Alicia Cattin, Philippe C. Wolleb, Julia Sadique, M.S. Rahman, M.M. Farzana, W. Temtam, A. Iftekharuddin, K.M. Adewole, Maruf Anwar, Syed Muhammad Baid, Ujjwal Janas, Anastasia Kazerooni, Anahita Fathi LaBella, Dominic Bran Li, Hongwei Moawad, Ahmed W. Conte, Gian-Marco Farahani, Keyvan Eddy, James Sheller, Micah Pati, Sarthak Karagyris, Alexandros Aristizabal, Alejandro Bergquist, Timothy Chung, Verena Shinohara, Russell Takeshi Dako, Farouk Wiggins, Walter Reitman, Zachary Wang, Chunhao Liu, Xinyang Jiang, Zhifan Johanson, Elaine Meier, Zeke Familiar, Ariana Davatzikos, Christos Freymann, John Kirby, Justin Bilello, Michel Fathallah-Shaykh, Hassan M. Wiest, Roland Kirschke, Jan Colen, Rivka R. Kotrotsou, Aikaterini Lamontagne, Pamela Marcus, Daniel Milchenko, Mikhail Nazeri, Arash Weber, Marc-André Mahajan, Abhishek Mohan, Suyash Mongan, John Hess, Christopher Cha, Soonmee Villanueva-Meyer, Javier Colak, Errol Crivellaro, Priscila Jakab, Andras Fatade, Abiodun Omidiji, Olubukola Akinola Lagos, Rachel Olatunji, O.O. Khanna, Goldey Kirkpatrick, John Alonso-Basanta, Michelle Rashid, Arif Bornhorst, Miriam Nabavizadeh, Ali Lepore, Natasha Palmer, Joshua Porras, Antonio Albrecht, Jake Anazodo, Udunna Aboian, Mariam Calabrese, Evan Rudie, Jeffrey David Linguraru, Marius George Iglesias, Juan Eugenio Van Leemput, Koen Bakas, Spyridon Wiestler, Benedikt Ezhov, Ivan Piraud, Marie Menze, Bjoern H. Helmholtz AI Germany Technical University of Munich Germany Helmholtz Munich Germany Klinikum Rechts der Isar Munich Germany SETLabs Research GmbH Healthcare Technologies Munich Germany Heidelberg Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Germany Heidelberg HI Helmholtz Imaging Germany Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology Faculty of Medicine Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Germany University of Zurich Switzerland Helmholtz Research Center Munich Germany Imperial College London United Kingdom Icometrix Leuven Belgium Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Radboudumc Netherlands Department of Artificial Intelligence Radboud University Netherlands MLCommons University of Nottingham Ningbo China Ningbo315100 China Center for medical Image Analysis and Navigation Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Basel Allschwil Switzerland Old Dominion University NorfolkVA23529 United States Lab Crestview Radiology Lagos Nigeria Children's National Hospital WashingtonDC United States George Washington University WashingtonDC United States University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Radiology Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Yale University New HavenCT United States Children's Hospital of Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Duke University Medical Center Department of Radiation Oncology United States Athinoula A Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging Massachusetts General Hospital BostonMA United States Department of Neuroradiology Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Mercy Catholic Medical Center DarbyPA United States Department of Radiology Mayo Clinic RochesterMN United States Cancer Imaging Program National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health BethesdaMD20814 U

A myriad of algorithms for the automatic analysis of brain MR images is available to support clinicians in their decision-making. For brain tumor patients, the image acquisition time series typically starts with an already pathological scan. This poses problems, as many algorithms are designed to analyze healthy brains and provide no guarantee for images featuring lesions. Examples include but are not limited to algorithms for brain anatomy parcellation, tissue segmentation, and brain extraction. To solve this dilemma, we introduce the BraTS inpainting challenge. Here, the participants explore inpainting techniques to synthesize healthy brain scans from lesioned ones. The following manuscript contains the task formulation, dataset, and submission procedure. Later, it will be updated to summarize the findings of the challenge. The challenge is organized as part of the ASNR-BraTS MICCAI challenge. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Magnetoresistance in the superconducting state at the (111) LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Davis, S. Huang, Z. Han, K. Ariando Venkatesan, T. Chandrasekhar, V. Graduate Program in Applied Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road EvanstonIL60208 United States NUSNNI-Nanocore National University of Singapore 117411 Singapore Department of Physics National University of Singapore 117551 Singapore NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering National University of Singapore 117456 Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore 117576 Singapore Department of Material Science and Engineering National University of Singapore 117575 Singapore

Condensed matter systems that simultaneously exhibit superconductivity and ferromagnetism are rare due the antagonistic relationship between conventional spin-singlet superconductivity and ferromagnetic order. In materials in which superconductivity and magnetic order is known to coexist (such as some heavy-fermion materials), the superconductivity is thought to be of an unconventional nature. Recently, the conducting gas that lives at the interface between the perovskite band insulators LaAlO3 (LAO) and SrTiO3 (STO) has also been shown to host both superconductivity and magnetism. Most previous research has focused on LAO/STO samples in which the interface is in the (001) crystal plane. Relatively little work has focused on the (111) crystal orientation, which has hexagonal symmetry at the interface, and has been predicted to have potentially interesting topological properties, including unconventional superconducting pairing states. Here we report measurements of the magnetoresistance of (111) LAO/STO heterostructures at temperatures at which they are also superconducting. As with the (001) structures, the magnetoresistance is hysteretic, indicating the coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity, but in addition, we find that this magnetoresistance is anisotropic. Such an anisotropic response is completely unexpected in the superconducting state, and suggests that (111) LAO/STO heterostructures may support unconventional superconductivity. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Strontium titanates

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A GPU-based implementation for the Gamma multiset rewriting paradigm 16

A GPU-based implementation for the Gamma multiset rewriting ...

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31st Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, SAC 2016

作者： De Almeida, Rubens H. P. Mello, Rui R. Paillard, Gabriel A. L. França, Felipe M. G. Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil Virtual University Institute Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza CE Brazil Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781450337397

This work presents a GPU-based implementation of the Gamma multiset rewriting paradigm. Inspired by the chemical reaction metaphor, Gamma was conceived as a highlevel abstract language for programs specification in a very simple, concise, and naturally parallel way, making clearer the distinction between the problem itself and the underlying implementation issues. We believe that the computational model adopted by Gamma matches naturally with the Graphics Processing Units execution mode, once both concepts consist basically in parallel processing of data. We extended an earlier distributed and parallel implementation of the Gamma language called Gamma-Base, adding support to execution of Gamma programs over the GPUs, and we called this new implementation Gamma-GPU. Practical experiments were conducted in a GPU cluster, which showed us the correctness of the new implementation, besides good speedups comparing to a sequential Gamma implementation, proving the contributions introduced by our work. © 2016 ACM.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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Nayif-1: UAE’s first cubesat mission 14th

Nayif-1: UAE’s first cubesat mission

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14th International Conference on Space Operations, SpaceOps 2016

作者： Al Qasim, Ibrahim H. Lootah, Fatma H. Almatroushi, Hessa R. Ali, Hessa Sharif, Maitha Al Mheiri, Khalifa Al Marzooqi, Shaima Al Shehhi, Abdulla Alshaer, Ahmed Almaeeni, Fadya Program Management Department Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre Dubai United Arab Emirates Electrical Engineering Department American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Mechanical Engineering Department American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Computer Engineering Department American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (数字)9781624104268

ISBN: (纸本)9781624104268

The Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC) based in Dubai, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has launched the CubeSat development project "Nayif -1" through partnership with the American University of Sharjah (AUS) and Innovative Solutions in Space Netherlands (ISIS NL). Nayif-1 is the UAE’s first cubesat mission aiming to make space technologies more accessible to universities in the UAE. The mission was developed by a team of seven Emirati engineering students from various engineering disciplines from AUS with the guidance and support of MBRSC and ISIS NL. The mission was carried out by the students as part of their Senior engineering Design project. Nayif-1 is a 1U Amateur Radio communications satellite to be launched by 2016 on board a falcon 9 rocket. The ground station has been developed at AUS’s campus and operated by engineering students who will be responsible for mission planning and operations. Nayif-1 mission has four main objectives: (1) characterize, validate and study the accuracy of its thermal model with in-situ temperature measurements in space, (2) determine and study the evolution of the solar cells performance in space during the mission design life of 1 year, (3) allow high school level students to determine Nayif-1’s orbital velocity using the Doppler shift effect observed through the Ground Station, and (4) allow secondary and tertiary students to emit short text messages using the Nayif-1 satellite. © 2016, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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A quadratic approximation-based local search operator for handling two equality constraints in continuous optimization problems

A quadratic approximation-based local search operator for ha...

引用

Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Carlos H. Fonseca Elizabeth Fialho Wanner Post-graduate Program in Mathematical and Computational Modeling MG Brasil Department of Computer Engineering MG Brasil

This work presents extensions of the general methodology of employing quadratic approximations of the objective function and constraints for handling non-linear equality constraints in single-objective optimization problems. The methodology does not require any extra function evaluation since the quadratic approximations are constructed using only information that would be already obtained in the course of the optimization algorithms. The methodology is coupled with the Real Biased Genetic Algorithm to tackle non-linear single-objective optimization problems with two equality constraints. The modified algorithm is tested with a set of analytical problems. The results show the modified algorithm finds the constrained optima with enhanced precision and faster convergence. Considering that the new technique does not impose any additional cost to the algorithms, it can be stated that the technique is also suitable for costly black-box problems.

关键词： Optimization Approximation algorithms Linear programming Search problems Genetic algorithms Symmetric matrices Convergence

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Minimizing thin film thickness in TiN coatings using genetic algorithms

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2018年第1期2016卷

作者： M. I. Jarrah A. S. M. Jaya M. A. Azam M. R. Muhamad H. Akbar 1Faculty of Information and Communication Technology Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Hang Tuah Jaya 76100 Durian Tunggal Melaka Malaysia 2Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) Hang Tuah Jaya 76100 Durian Tunggal Melaka Malaysia 3Computer Science Department BINUS Graduate Program-Master of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Indonesia 11480

Optimization of coating parameters is important in the machining process, as an optimized coating layer enhances efficient machining result by providing high wear resistance, saving time and effort, reducing cost, increasing productivity and leading to extend tool life for better surface finish. In terms of tool wear resistance, tools with suitable film coating are forty times better than uncoated tools. Cutting tools are usually coated by Titanium Nitride (TiN), since it has properties such as resistance to wear and hardness resulting in increased cutting performance. Genetic algorithms (GAs) belong to the powerful artificial intelligence optimization family of evolutionary algorithm-based metaheuristic techniques. Since their inception, they have been successfully applied in numerous areas of industrial sectors as material design, tools coating and cutting, alloy design, and so on. In this research work, predicting thin film coating thickness of titanium nitride (TiN) on tungsten carbide (WC) inserts is presented. First, (WC) inserts were coated by TiN in different conditions using Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD), and the surface profilometer was used to measure thickness of the WC coated specimens. Second, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to generate the objective function which represents the process parameters and coating thickness. Third, using a fitness function model, GAs were established to optimize the thickness value of TiN layer with respect to changes in three process parameters, namely Nitrogen gas pressure (N2), Argon gas pressure (Ar), and Turntable Speed (TT). Finally, for performance measurement, three real experimental tests were carried out in terms of Prediction Interval (PI) and Residual Error (e) to validate the RSM model. The actual coating thickness of validation data fell within the 95% (PI) and the (e) values percentage were very low. In terms of optimization, GAs is capable optimizing thickness better than the average experimen

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Adaptive Soft Robots: Soft Ultrathin Electronics Innervated Adaptive Fully Soft Robots (Adv. Mater. 13/2018)

引用

Advanced Materials 2018年第13期30卷

作者： Chengjun Wang Kyoseung Sim Jin Chen Hojin Kim Zhoulyu Rao Yuhang Li Weiqiu Chen Jizhou Song Rafael Verduzco Cunjiang Yu Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA Department of Engineering Mechanics and Soft Matter Research Center Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA Institute of Solid Mechanics Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Department of Materials Sciences and Nano Engineering Rice University Houston TX 77005 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Houston Houston TX 77204 USA

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Correction: Identification and replication of RNA-Seq gene network modules associated with depression severity

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Translational psychiatry 2020年第1期10卷 282页

作者： Trang T Le Jonathan Savitz Hideo Suzuki Masaya Misaki T Kent Teague Bill C White Julie H Marino Graham Wiley Patrick M Gaffney Wayne C Drevets Brett A McKinney Jerzy Bodurka Department of Mathematics The University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA. Laureate Institute for Brain Research Tulsa OK USA. School of Community Medicine University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA. Department of Educational Psychology University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA. Departments of Surgery and Psychiatry University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine Tulsa OK USA. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy Tulsa OK USA. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology Oklahoma State University Center for the Health Sciences Tulsa OK USA. Tandy School of Computer Sciences The University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA. Department of Surgery Integrative Immunology Center University of Oklahoma School of Community Medicine Tulsa OK USA. Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program Division of Genomics and Data Sciences Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation Oklahoma City OK USA. Janssen Research & Development LLC Johnson & Johnson Inc Titusville NJ USA. Department of Mathematics The University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA. brett-mckinney@utulsa.edu. Tandy School of Computer Sciences The University of Tulsa Tulsa OK USA. brett-mckinney@utulsa.edu. Laureate Institute for Brain Research Tulsa OK USA. jbodurka@***. Stephenson School of Biomedical Engineering University of Oklahoma Norman OK USA. jbodurka@***.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

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Publisher's Note: "Chemical vapor deposition of monolayer MoS2directly on ultrathin Al2O3for low-power electronics" [Appl. Phys. Lett. 110, 053101 (2016)]

引用

Applied Physics Letters 2017年第9期110卷

作者： Bergeron, Hadallia Sangwan, Vinod K. McMorrow, Julian J. Campbell, Gavin P. Balla, Itamar Liu, Xiaolong Bedzyk, Michael J. Marks, Tobin J. Hersam, Mark C. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University EvanstonIllinois60208 United States

This article was originally published online on 30 January 2017. Due to a production error, outdated versions of Figures 1 and 4 appeared in the article as orig

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Diversity of knot solitons in liquid crystals manifested by linking of preimages in torons and hopfions

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Ackerman, P.J. Smalyukh, I.I. Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States University of Colorado Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center and Materials Science and Engineering Program BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Topological solitons are knots in continuous physical fields classified by non-zero Hopf index values. Despite arising in theories that span many branches of physics, from elementary particles to condensed matter and cosmology, they remain experimentally elusive and poorly understood. We introduce a method of experimental and numerical analysis of such localized structures in liquid crystals that, similar to the mathematical Hopf maps, relates all points of the medium’s order parameter space to their closed-loop preimages within the three-dimensional solitons. We uncover a surprisingly large diversity of naturally occurring and laser-generated topologically nontrivial solitons with differently knotted nematic fields, which previously have not been realized in theories and experiments alike. We discuss the implications of the liquid crystal’s non-polar nature on the knot soliton topology and how the medium’s chirality, confinement and elastic anisotropy help to overcome the constrains of the Hobart-Derrick theorem, yielding static three-dimensional solitons without or with additional defects. Our findings will establish chiral nematics as a model system for experimental exploration of topological solitons and may impinge on understanding of such nonsingular field configurations in other branches of physics, as well as may lead to technological applications Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solitons

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