Analysis of cancer genomes has shown that a large fraction of chromosomal changes originate from catastrophic events including whole-genome duplication, chromothripsis, breakage-fusion-bridge cycles, and chromoplexy. ...
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Analysis of cancer genomes has shown that a large fraction of chromosomal changes originate from catastrophic events including whole-genome duplication, chromothripsis, breakage-fusion-bridge cycles, and chromoplexy. Through sophisticated computational analysis of cancer genomes and experimental recapitulation of these catastrophic alterations, we have gained significant insights into the origin, mechanism, and evolutionary dynamics of cancer genome complexity. In this review, we summarize this progress and survey the major unresolved questions, with particular emphasis on the relative contributions of chromosome fragmentation and DNA replication errors to complex chromosomal alterations.
In chemoinformatics and medicinal chemistry, machine learning has evolved into an important approach. In recent years, increasing computational resources and new deep learning algorithms have put machine learning onto...
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In chemoinformatics and medicinal chemistry, machine learning has evolved into an important approach. In recent years, increasing computational resources and new deep learning algorithms have put machine learning onto a new level, addressing previously unmet challenges in pharmaceutical research. In silico approaches for compound activity predictions, de novo design, and reaction modeling have been further advanced by new algorithmic developments and the emergence of big data in the field. Herein, novel applications of machine learning and deep learning in chemoinformatics and medicinal chemistry are reviewed. Opportunities and challenges for new methods and applications are discussed, placing emphasis on proper baseline comparisons, robust validation methodologies, and new applicability domains.
作者：
ROBERTSON, JAKANG, BTRAMIREZPAZ, FWERKHOVEN, CHOHLROGGE, AJCurrent addresses: J. A. Robertson
Department of Soil Science University of Alberta Edmonton Canada B. T. Kang
Faculty of Agriculture University of Indonesion Bogar Indonesia F. Ramirez-Paz
C.I.A.N.O. C. Obregon Sonora Mexico C. H. E. Werkhoven
Agronomy Department University of California Davis California and A. J. Ohlrogge
Professor of Agronomy Purdue University Lafayette Indiana. The authors are indebted to the following persons for contributions to this study: Wended Osborne formerly an undergraduate student in Agronomy at Purdue University for the preliminary studies with methylene blue and Ad van Egeraat
a special student from Holland on a 6-month program in the Department of Agronomy Purdue University for collection of much of the 1962 data and for contributions to their interpretation.
The influence on P uptake of area of roots in the fertilized soil and the rate of fertilization was investigated using aerial brace roots of maize. Either 1 or 2 brace roots were directed into soil containing 0.62 or ...
The influence on P uptake of area of roots in the fertilized soil and the rate of fertilization was investigated using aerial brace roots of maize. Either 1 or 2 brace roots were directed into soil containing 0.62 or 3.10 g of P labeled with P32. The radioactivity of the tip and/or basal portions of all leaves was measured by wrapping one thickness of leaf around a long G-M tube. The distribution of P32 in several leaves was mapped with an end window G-M tube. The P32 accumulation measured by the in-situ technique was highly correlated with that of the standard briquet method. Phosphorus uptake varied with the rate of fertilization and the number of fed brace roots. The proportion of total P derived from the fertilizer ranged from 1-37%. The P32 distribution in the leaves depended upon their position relative to the fertilized brace roots. The leaves on the brace root side had higher P32 activity in their tip portions than in their basal portions. This distribution is explained by limited connections between vascular bundles of the stem and the diverging of the leaf veins from the midrib.
“…Water is as beautiful, but much more precious than diamonds because it is a delicate support of life. It is now proven that no civilizations are born from the sea, and the presence of the sea has deeply influenced...
作者：
Flack, H.L.Downs, G.E.Lanning, L.E.Supply Service
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Associate Professor of Hospital Pharmacy and Director of the Program in Hospital Pharmacy Philadelphia College of Pharmacy and Science Philadelphia Pennsylvania Chief of the Pharmacy Section
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania Data Processing and Research
University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
This paper evaluates the several methods by which hospital formularies may be printed and concludes that, overall, electronic data processing appears to be the best method. The steps in preparation of a hospital formu...
This paper evaluates the several methods by which hospital formularies may be printed and concludes that, overall, electronic data processing appears to be the best method. The steps in preparation of a hospital formulary by EDP, including input, card layout, printout, information storage and revision, are discussed. The authors emphasize that hospital EDP facilities are not mandatory for the program and that the services of a commercial firm may be utilized. It is recommended that hospital pharmacists adopt the format of an existing hospital formulary printed by EDP technics by purchasing a set of cards from another hospital. The set should include all drug dosage form cards, cross-reference cards and program decks for printing the formulary. Cards could be deleted and new cards keypunched as necessary. The authors further recommend that the AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HOSPITAL PHARMACISTS provide such a service to hospitals. Other benefits, relating to inventory control, purchasing, patient billing, drug surveillance and adverse drug reaction reporting, may accrue from EDP application to the hospital formulary.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for more deaths than any other cause, with coronary heart disease and stroke accounting for two-thirds of those deaths. Morbidity and mortality due to CVD are largely pre...
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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for more deaths than any other cause, with coronary heart disease and stroke accounting for two-thirds of those deaths. Morbidity and mortality due to CVD are largely preventable, through either primary prevention of disease or secondary prevention of cardiac events. Monitoring cardiac status in healthy and diseased cardiovascular systems has the potential to dramatically reduce cardiac illness and injury. Smart technology in concert with mobile health platforms is creating an environment where timely prevention of and response to cardiac events are becoming a reality.
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