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Enhancing Power Density in Switched Reluctance Generators Through Split Axial Segmentation

IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 70055-70079页

作者： Siagian, Parlin Sara, Ira Devi Tarmizi, Tarmizi Nasaruddin, Nasaruddin Universitas Syiah Kuala Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Universitas Syiah Kuala Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia

The main contribution of this paper is to propose a methodology for the electromagnetic design of axial split segmentation switched reluctance generators (SRGs) to optimize power and torque. This paper investigates the impact of generator geometry segmentation on performance, addressing the longstanding challenges of torque ripple and power density. The hypothesis suggests that dividing the stator magnetization at each rotor angle can counteract the opposing machine torque, thereby improving torque ripple and enhancing power density. A mixed-methods approach combining literature review, simulation, and experimental validation was used to evaluate torque retarding effects and machine power density. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in torque ripple (59.3%) and an increase in power density 603.3 kW/m3 across all four segments. Specifically, axial separation segmentation markedly enhanced power density and design efficiency compared to conventional SRG designs. This paper provides novel insights into improving torque ripple and power output while maintaining the same overall machine dimensions at 1206.6 watts. Additionally, the simpler fabrication process of axial segmentation - where each segment maintains the same diameter - offers distinct advantages over radial segmentation, making it more practical for manufacturing. These findings highlight the potential for harvesting low-power driving energy from natural sources, contributing to advancing renewable energy technologies. So, the improvements in torque ripple reduction and power density provide valuable directions for optimizing SRGs, with further potential for enhancing driving turbine performance and utilizing better materials for greater energy harvesting efficiency. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Energy harvesting

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A Proposal of the Improved Method for Measuring Insulation Resistance between a Photovoltaic Module String and the Earth using the Self-biased Method

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IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 2025年第1期145卷 13-20页

作者： Kazama, Takuro Kato, Kazuhiko Doctoral Program in Risk and Resilience Engineering University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba305-8573 Japan Renewable Energy Research Center National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology 2-2-9 Machiikedai Koriyama963-0298 Japan

For safe operation of a photovoltaic generating system, an insulation monitoring function, which can immediately detect deterioration of insulation between photovoltaic module strings and the earth, is indispensable. This function requires accurate measurement, low leakage current and suppression of rising voltage against the earth. In this paper, a new insulation monitoring method of photovoltaic module strings is proposed by the improved existing self-biased method that has an inevitable voltage rise under measurement. In this new method, both terminals of photovoltaic module strings are always connected to the ground with appropriate resistors. Theoretical discussion and experiments for this new method showed precise measurement, and acceptable leakage current under various outdoor conditions. In addition, it was confirmed that this method could sufficiently decrease in the voltage rise compared with the existing self-biased method. © 2025 The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan.

关键词： Photovoltaics

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The Influence of Silicon Dioxide as a Fuel Additive in a Diesel Engine Fuelled by Pure Palm Oil 4

The Influence of Silicon Dioxide as a Fuel Additive in a Die...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Prahmana, Rico Aditia Darmanto, Prihadi Setyo Reksowardojo, Iman Kartolaksono Prakoso, Tirto Juangsa, Firman Bagja Doctoral Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Program Study of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Sumatera South Lampung35365 Indonesia Thermal Science and Engineering Research Group Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung40132 Indonesia Program Study of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Industrial Technology Universitas Pertamina Jakarta12220 Indonesia

In the last decade, the Indonesian government has implemented a program to use biodiesel as a substitute for fossil diesel to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. On the other hand, the development of biodiesel as an alternative fuel to replace fossil diesel has several challenges, one of which is the production of biodiesel, which is more complicated and requires a long process. However, the direct use of crude palm oil (CPO) in diesel engines is not recommended because it has many drawbacks. Research recently shows that fuel additives in diesel engines have promising prospects. Therefore, to solve the problem, this study used pure palm oil (PPaO) as the primary fuel, with the addition of silicon oxide (SiO2) as a fuel additive in diesel engines. The results showed that using SiO2 additive in PPaO can increase thermal efficiency by 18.8% at 60% load compared to diesel fuel (DF). Nevertheless, using this fuel increased specific fuel consumption (SFC) by 3.9% on average and increased the opacity by 153% compared to diesel fuel. These results indicate that SiO2 has the potential to be developed as an effective additive to PPaO fuel that can improve the efficiency and performance of diesel engines. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biodiesel

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Manufacturing process design for cellular structure used as impact energy absorbers 4

Manufacturing process design for cellular structure used as ...

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4th International Symposium on Advances and Innovation in Mechanical engineering, ISAIME 2023

作者： Komara, Asep Indra Setiawan, Rachman Budiwantoro, Bagus Doctoral Program of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Manufacturing Design Engineering Department Politeknik Manufaktur Bandung Bandung Indonesia

The application of passive safety technology in vehicles is generally through impact-absorbing structures. This technology has been widely applied to trains, planes, and cars to protect passengers from fatal accidents. Cellular structures are defined by a unit cell that combines material, space, and unit cell repetition to obtain a large structure. It is selected as the base structure of the impact energy absorber for its potentially high specific energy absorption (SEA]. Such a structure poses a challenge in its manufacturing method. This study examines alternative manufacturing processes for cellular structures designed as impact absorbers, and then selects and develops an effective and efficient manufacturing method to produce these cellular structures. Several alternative manufacturing methods were chosen to exercise the use of a combined plaster molding technology and additive manufacturing for prototyping. Manufacturing process simulation studies were conducted using Altair Inspire Cast software to determine the success of the casting process. The final stage is to carry out the process of making cell structures and evaluating the results. This work results in an effective manufacturing process design to be implemented throughout the production stage. Furthermore, for mass production, mold patterns may be replaced by using injection molding. © 2025 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Injection molding

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Low Complexity and Scalable Architecture of Dual-Mode Training and Inference Hardware Accelerator for Deep Q-Network (DQN) Based Edge Computing

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 71705-71722页

作者： Sumarudin, A. Sutisna, Nana Syafalni, Infall Trilaksono, Bambang Riyanto Adiono, Trio Bandung Institute of Technology Doctoral Program of Electrical Engineering and Informatics School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung40132 Indonesia Bandung Institute of Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Bandung40132 Indonesia Bandung Institute of Technology University Center of Excellence on Microelectronics Bandung40132 Indonesia

Reinforcement Learning (RL) applications are rapidly expanding across various fields, including robotics, autonomous vehicles, drones, communication systems, and control. However, RL computations are inherently complex and resource-intensive due to dynamic state spaces and real-time processing demands. This paper proposes a novel RL accelerator hardware architecture for edge computing, capable of supporting both inference and training modes. The design, tailored for Deep Q-Network (DQN) with Q-values computed using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN), employs hardware sharing and approximate activation functions and multipliers to enhance efficiency. Shared processing modules minimize chip size and power consumption, achieving an area efficiency of 44.25 KIPS/1KLUTs and 14.65 KIPS/1KLUTs. Implementation results demonstrate state processing times of 1.43 μs for inference and 4.31 μs for training. Deployed on an Ultra96 FPGA at 70 MHz, the system delivers 671× and 287× speedups for inference and training, respectively, with a DQN accelerator power consumption of just 13 mW. This architecture is highly suitable for autonomous systems in edge computing environments, addressing resource limitations and enhancing computational efficiency. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Robots

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Current advances in bioethanol synthesis from lignocellulosic biomass: sustainable methods, technological developments, and challenges

Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Applied Sciences

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Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Applied Sciences 2025年 1-18页

作者： Novia, Novia Melwita, Elda Jannah, Asyeni Miftahul Selpiana, Selpiana Yandriani, Yandriani Afrah, Bazlina Dawami Rendana, Muhammad Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sriwijaya Jl. Raya Palembang-Prabumulih KM 32 Inderalaya Sumatera Selatan Ogan Ilir 30662 Indonesia Master Program of Environmental Management Graduate School Universitas Sriwijaya Jl. Padang Selasa 524 Bukit Besar Sumatera Selatan Palembang 30139 Indonesia Doctoral Program Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sriwijaya South Sumatra Palembang 30139 Indonesia

Bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass has become an economical and environmentally friendly substitute to current petroleum-based fuels. This is due to its ability to decrease carbon dioxide emissions and make use of plentiful natural resources. Current advances in this area concentrate on improving the effectiveness and expandability of the conversion procedures by using inventive pretreatment approaches, enhanced enzyme compositions, and refined fermentation technologies. Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) and utilizing genetically modified microbes have expedited the decomposition of intricate biomass complexes and enhanced overall productivity. Furthermore, process intensification developments, such as the adoption of hybrid reactors and continuous production systems, have considerably decreased production expenses and energy usage. Nevertheless, there are still obstacles to overcome, including the raw materials inconsistency, the demand for efficient recovery and purifying techniques, and the financial viability of extensive processes. This study examines the latest developments in bioethanol production from lignocellulosic biomass. It focuses on ecological approaches, technical advancements, and the main obstacles that need to be overcome to exploit its promise as a biofuel fully. This review primarily focused on outcomes documented in the last five years from 2019 to 2024. The first segment of this work focuses on the second-generation bioethanol production process, which includes: the properties and composition of lignocellulosic biomass, pretreatment, enzymatic saccharification, and fermentation. The subsequent portion of this paper examines a techno-economic analysis, the obstacles and the prospective technology outlook. It finishes by discussing findings from research fields that haven't been investigated yet, besides the obstacles faced in bioethanol manufacturing methods. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Bioethanol Enzymatic hydrolysis Fermentation Lignocellulosic biomass Pretreatment

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Performance Analysis of Radiation Detection Devices in Elevated Natural Radiation Zones: A Case Study of Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Indonesia

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Journal of engineering and Technological Sciences 2025年第1期57卷 105-117页

作者： Abdullah, Adi Rahmansyah Amir Permana, Sidik Srigutomo, Wahyu Maulana, Alan Seno, Haryo Purnama, Dikdik Sidik Rasito Humolungo, Ismail Zulfahmi Doctoral Program in Nuclear Engineering Department Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Physics Department Bandung Institute of Technology Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Indonesia’s National Research and Inovation Agency Jalan Tamansari No. 71 Bandung40132 Indonesia

Three radiation detection tools were employed to assess natural radiation levels in Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. These tools comprised the NaI(Tl) Scintillator, the Geiger Muller Counter (GMC), and the Electronic Personal Dosimeter (EPD). The NaI(Tl) Scintillator and GMC measured ambient dose equivalent (H*(10)), while the EPD exclusively gauged personal dose equivalent (Hp(10)). A total of 75 measuring points were designated for assessment. Results from H*(10) measurements indicated that the GMC recorded an average H*(10) 41% higher than that of the NaI(Tl) Scintillator, with specific rates of 0.769 µSv/h and 0.457 µSv/h, respectively. Both instruments exhibited proficiency in detecting elevated levels of radiation. Discrepancies in the outcomes were attributed to differences in detector type and efficiency. The GMC, equipped with an energy-compensated detector, demonstrated enhanced efficiency compared to the NaI(Tl) Scintillator, particularly when subjected to high energy flux radiation. Anomalies emerged in the Hp(10) measurements, which surpassed the H*(10) measurements. This difference is due to the EPD's use of a conventional GM detector, which is capable of detecting gamma, beta, and X-ray radiation. © 2025 Published by IRCS-ITB.

关键词： Scintillation counters

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An Improved Modified Jaya Optimization Algorithm: Application to the Solution of Nonlinear Equation Systems 4th

An Improved Modified Jaya Optimization Algorithm: Applicatio...

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4th International Conference on Numerical Computations: Theory and Algorithms, NUMTA 2023

作者： Silva, Bruno Guerreiro Lopes, Luiz Doctoral Program in Informatics Engineering University of Madeira Madeira Island Funchal Portugal Regional Secretariat for Education Science and Technology Regional Government of Madeira Funchal Portugal Faculty of Exact Sciences and Engineering University of Madeira Madeira Island Funchal9020-105 Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783031812408

Population-based metaheuristic algorithms have been used to solve challenging optimization problems, and numerous modifications to make these algorithms more efficient have been proposed. Jaya is one of these algorithms that has been modified and utilized to solve many hard optimization problems. One such modification to the original algorithm is the Modified Jaya (MJAYA) algorithm, which, like Jaya, uses information about the best and worst candidate solutions to determine the population’s search direction, thereby limiting and focusing the search. Recent research has demonstrated that the MJAYA algorithm is not effective at solving systems of nonlinear equations transformed into equivalent nonlinear optimization problems. Systems of nonlinear equations are probably the most difficult class of numerical mathematics problems to solve, which justifies the use of metaheuristic approaches in their resolution. This paper proposes a new population-based optimization algorithm, the Improved Modified Jaya (IM-Jaya) algorithm, which, despite being a generic metaheuristic optimization algorithm, is here used to solve systems of nonlinear equations. The proposed algorithm strikes a better balance between global exploration and local exploitation, allowing for a broader and more exhaustive exploration of the search space as well as a more efficient local search in its most promising regions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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GPU Acceleration of the Enhanced Jaya Optimization Algorithm for Solving Large Systems of Nonlinear Equations 4th

GPU Acceleration of the Enhanced Jaya Optimization Algorit...

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4th International Conference on Numerical Computations: Theory and Algorithms, NUMTA 2023

ISBN: (纸本)9783031812408

This paper presents a GPU-based parallel implementation of the Enhanced Jaya (EJAYA) algorithm for solving large-scale systems of nonlinear equations. EJAYA is a gradient-free metaheuristic optimization scheme based on the population-based parameter-less Jaya algorithm that has recently been shown to be capable of solving nonlinear equation systems, a class of challenging problems that are difficult to solve by traditional approaches, particularly as systems become larger. The proposed parallel algorithm was implemented using the Julia programming language on a high-performance GeForce RTX 3090 GPU with 10 496 CUDA cores and 24 GB GDDR6X VRAM and was tested using a set of difficult scalable nonlinear equation system problems. The obtained results, with average speedups up to 122.25x, evidenced the capability of the proposed GPU-based parallel algorithm to meet the computational demands of the important class of problems under consideration. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Optimization algorithms

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Harnessing YOLO for Loose Fruits Detection: Boosting Productivity in Palm Oil Plantations

Harnessing YOLO for Loose Fruits Detection: Boosting Product...

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2025 International Conference on Advancement in Data Science, E-learning and Information System, ICADEIS 2025

作者： Warni, Elly Indrabayu Achmad, Andani Syahsir, Aldilah Rezki Rhamadani Universitas Hasanuddin Doctoral Program of Electrical Engineering Department Informatics Department Makassar Indonesia Universitas Hasanuddin Electrical Engineering Department Makassar Indonesia Universitas Hasanuddin Informatics Department Makassar Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513320

This study explores the use of the YOLOv5 algorithm to detect loose fruits palm oil in plantations, improve collection efficiency, and reduce reliance on manual labor. Loose fruits have high economic value due to their oil content, but they are often not collected, resulting in financial losses and the growth of weeds around oil palm trees. Conventional manual methods are often ineffective;thus, automatic detection is required. The dataset comprises 525 images of loose fruits, covering complex conditions on plantations, and secondary data from Roboflow, including nontarget objects, such as rocks and dry leaves, to train the model to accurately distinguish loose fruits. During training, several parameters were optimized: batch size, learning rate, optimizer type, weight decay, and momentum, which showed that small batch sizes provided higher mAP50 values, whereas large batches increased mAP50:95, indicating the ability to detect objects at higher levels of complexity. Testing in a scenario with loose fruits clearly visible and partially covered with leaves or grass showed that YOLOv5 could detect loose fruits well despite some constraints in the obstructed environment. The results of this study show that, with appropriate parameter settings, YOLOv5 can be a reliable basis for automated loose fruit collection systems, potentially improving operational efficiency in oil palm plantations and contributing to the development of automation in the agricultural sector. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fruits

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