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Evaluating the impacts of environmental and human health of the critical minerals mining and processing industries in Indonesia using life cycle assessment

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Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental engineering 2024年 10卷

作者： Wahyono, Yoyon Sasongko, Nugroho Adi Trench, Allan Anda, Martin Hadiyanto, Hadiyanto Aisyah, Nyayu Anisah, Anisah Ariyanto, Novy Kumalasari, Isnaeni Putri, Virny Zasyana Eka Lestari, Mutia Citrawati Panggabean, Lambas Parlaungan Ridlo, Rohmadi Sundari, Sundari Suryaningtyas, Anissa Dewi Novianti, Endah Dwi Hakim, Muhammad Raihan Farras Prihatin, Anggara Lomak Matin, Hashfi Hawali Abdul Research Center for Sustainable Production System and Life Cycle Assessment National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN Prof. BJ. Habibie Complex Area Banten Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia Energy Security Graduate Program Republic of Indonesia Defense University IPSC Sentul Area West Java 16810 Indonesia Centre for Exploration Targeting School of Earth Sciences The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia UWA Business School 35 Stirling Highway Crawley 6009 WA Australia Environmental Engineering Murdoch University Murdoch 6150 WA Australia Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang 50241 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Central Java Semarang 50275 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Vocational School Gadjah Mada University Sleman Yogyakarya 55281 Indonesia Study Program of Environmental Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Universitas Sebelas Maret Central Java Surakarta 57126 Indonesia

The critical minerals industries in Indonesia may pose possible environmental and human health risks due to the release of pollutants into soil, water, and air, as well as the use of materials and energy. This study investigates the possible environmental and human health impacts of Indonesia's nickel, gold, copper, tin, and bauxite mining and processing industries. This study utilizes the latest version of the OpenLCA software, version 2.0, in combination with the Ecoinvent 3.8 database. To evaluate potential environmental consequences and health effects on humans, CML-IA Baseline and Environmental Priority Strategies (EPS) are employed in product development. The EPS system was developed utilizing a hierarchical methodology with the objective of furnishing the product developer with data regarding the financial impact of human health impairment resulting from a particular product development. The production of one tonne of gold, nickel, bauxite, tin, and copper results in the emission of 7.34.E+07, 4.61.E+04, 3.10.E+04, 1.02.E+04, 8.01.E+03 kg CO₂ eq/t, respectively, contributing to global warming. This production is associated with asthma cases of 7.79.E+01 (gold industry), 2.21.E−03 (copper industry), 1.81.E−03 (tin industry), 9.21.E−04 (nickel industry), and 4.71.E−06 (bauxite industry) Personyears/t. Electricity consumption and the release of carbon dioxide are the main factors contributing to global warming. The primary cause of asthma cases is the utilization of fuel oil and electricity. Power plant chimneys can employ various technologies, such as cyclones, bag filters, and scrubbers, to mitigate the release of polluting gas emissions. The critical mineral industry must prioritize handling and governing of steam power facilities to minimize their negative effects on the environment and human health. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Critical minerals industries Environmental impacts Human health impacts Life cycle assessment

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Reducing dropout rate through a deep learning model for sustainable education: long-term tracking of learning outcomes of an undergraduate cohort from 2018 to 2021

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Smart Learning Environments 2023年第1期10卷 1-16页

作者： Shiao, Yi-Tzone Chen, Cheng-Huan Wu, Ke-Fei Chen, Bae-Ling Chou, Yu-Hui Wu, Trong-Neng Center of Institutional Research and Development Asia University Taichung City Taiwan ROC Department of Education National Taichung University of Education Taichung City Taiwan ROC Department of M-Commerce and Multimedia Applications Asia University Taichung City Taiwan ROC Department of Business Management National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung City Taiwan ROC Doctoral Program of Intelligent Engineering National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung City Taiwan ROC Department of Healthcare Administration Asia University Taichung City Taiwan ROC

In recent years, initiatives and the resulting application of precision education have been applied with increasing frequency in Taiwan; the accompanying discourse has focused on identifying potential applications for artificial intelligence and how to use learning analytics to improve teaching quality and learning outcomes. This study used the established dropout risk prediction model to improve student learning effectiveness. The model was based on the academic portfolios of past students and built with statistical learning and deep learning methods. This study used this model to predict the dropout risk of 2205 freshmen enrolled in the fall semester of 2018 (graduated in June 2022) in the field of sustainable education. A total of 176 students with a dropout risk of more than 20% were considered high-risk students. After tracking and the appropriate guidance, the dropout risk of 91 students fell from > 20% to < 20%. To discuss the results from the perspective of gender and financial disadvantages, the improvement rate of the dropout risk for male students was 10.2% better than that of female students at 2.9%. The improvement rate in dropout risk for students with disadvantageous financial situations was as high as 12.0%, surpassing the 5.9% rate among general students. Overall, the dropout rate in the second year of the 2018 freshman cohort was lower than that of the 2016 and 2017 freshman cohorts. A predictive model established by statistical learning and deep learning methods was used as a tool to promote precision education, accurately and efficiently identifying students who are having difficulty learning, as well as leading to a better understanding of AI (artificial intelligence) in smart learning for sustainable education.

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Routing technique in location source privacy for wireless sensor network: A review

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3082卷

作者： Yeni Yanti Yuwaldi Away Teuku Yuliar Arif Nasaruddin Nasaruddin Doctoral Program School of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh Indonesia 23111 Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Serambi Mekkah University Banda Aceh Indonesia 23245 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia 23111

In a wireless sensor network context, a wireless sensor network (WSN) is a collection of sensor nodes made up of small nodes with minimal energy resources and powered solely by batteries. Sensor nodes that collaborate in large-scale area networks with limited energy and unsupervised situations, as well as poor security. Sensor node communication becomes vulnerable, and attackers use various methods to gather information about the location of the transmission packet’s originating route. The WSN research community has taken notice of this issue. To protect and prevent attackers from finding the way of the source of packet delivery, the Location Source Privacy Scheme (LSP) was implemented. The LSP system employs a variety of routing mechanisms to shield the location of the route source transmitting packets from various attacks. In addition, because WSN energy sources are limited, the LSP routing approach is employed to reduce energy consumption. The resulting assessment of current research on LSP routing strategies as route security currently utilized for WSNs in this paper and some future perspectives that are still being developed.

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Microwaves-assisted extraction of bioactive eucalyptus leaves (eucalyptus globulus)

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3082卷

作者： Nurhazanah Fatmawati Husni Husin Ahmadi Fahrizal Nasution Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Doctoral Program School of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Reaction Engineering and Catalysis Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

In this study, a microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) technique was used to extract the essential oil from eucalyptus leaves. The MAE process was carried out to assess the effect of microwaves on the production of bioactive components and properties of eucalyptus leaf essential oil on several parameters, including mass of eucalyptus leaves (20, 30, 40 grams), microwave power (180, 300, 450, 600 watts). and extraction time of 60 minutes. The highest yield of eucalyptus essential oil was obtained at 1.92% at the process parameters of 30 g of eucalyptus leaves, 450 watts of microwave power, and 30 minutes of extraction time. The ATR-FTIR spectrum of eucalyptus leaf oil showed that alkane compounds were characterized by strong C-H bonds. GC-MS analysis showed that the highest content of the product was 70.63% cineol (bioactive content). The results of the analysis of physical properties by measuring the specific gravity of the oil is 0.903 and the determination of the refractive index is 1.453 nD at room temperature of 30°C. Its characterization showed in the range with SNI standard.

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The strain and deflection analysis of wire mesh layer in hot asphalt mixtures using finite element method

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2711卷

作者： Romaynoor Ismy Sofyan M. Saleh Husaini M. Isya Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Universitas Almuslim Matangglumpangdua 24261 Indonesia Department of Civil Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

Strain is closely related to the amount of load that can be held by an object so that it experiences deflection. A change in the size or shape of an object in holding a load causing stress is called strain. Strain and stress are forces that act on an object due to loads. The distribution analysis of the strain is needed to determine the phenomena that occur in an object due to loads to facilitate the analysis of wire mesh placement modeling. This research aimed to analyze the strain and deflection values that occur due to the loading of wire mesh layer on hot asphalt mixture. Analysis of strain and deflection values which are parameters of flexural resistance was carried out using ETABS software version 17.0.1. ETABS is one of the software used to solve structural problems related to the finite element method. Based on the research results, it was found that the modeling of wire mesh layering affects the flexural resistance value, strain, and deflection that occurred. The value of strain is inversely proportional to the value of the flexural resistance and is directly proportional to the deflection. The strain that occurs from the results of the study is between 0.0313 mm/mm to 0.038 mm/mm and The amount of deflection that occurs due to loading ranges from 8 to 9.5 mm. The best modeling is obtained on a hot asphalt mixture by laying wire mesh 30 mm from the surface of the test object with the lowest strain and able to withstand a maximum load of 291.85 KN.

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A unique diffraction pattern formed by a grating from a flying termite wing

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Physics Education 2022年第5期57卷 055026-055026页

作者： Aji, Mahardika Prasetya Wulandari, Yuvita Kiki Setiawan, Rudi Karunawan, Jotti Priyanto, Aan Department of Physics Universitas Negeri Semarang Jalan Raya Sekaran Central Java Semarang Indonesia Radiodiagnostic and Radiotherapy Engineering Study Program Institute of Health Science An Nasher Cirebon West Java Indonesia Doctoral Program of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No. 10 West Java Bandung Indonesia Department of Physics Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No. 10 Bandung West Java Indonesia

In diffraction experiments, natural gratings often create uncommon diffraction patterns compared with those resulting from manufactured gratings. This study analyzed a unique diffraction pattern obtained by a grating from a flying termite wing. A ring-like diffraction pattern was formed because of the grating morphology from a flying termite wing, which consisted of horizontal- and vertical-structured slits. The mechanism of diffraction pattern formation is also provided. The distance between slits was measured using digital microscope images and a diffraction experiment, with the results coming to an agreement. Using this grating in a diffraction experiment can help educators provide an alternative diffraction experiment that supports students in studying the topic in a more complex manner. © 2022 IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： diffraction pattern flying termite wing grating

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Assessment and optimization of As(V) adsorption on hydrogel composite integrating chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol and Fe3O4 nanoparticles and evaluation of their regeneration and reusable capabilities in aqueous media

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Science of the Total Environment 2023年 855卷 158877页

作者： Weerasundara, Lakshika Ok, Yong Sik Kumarathilaka, Prasanna Marchuk, Alla Bundschuh, Jochen School of Civil Engineering and Surveying Faculty of Health Engineering and Sciences University of Southern Queensland West Street ToowoombaQLD4350 Australia Korea Biochar Research Centre & Division of Environmental Sciences and Ecological Engineering Korea University Seoul Korea Republic of Institute for Life Sciences and the Environment University of Southern Queensland West Street ToowoombaQLD4350 Australia Doctoral Program in Science Technology Environment and Mathematics Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences National Chung Cheng University 168 University Rd. Min-Hsiung Chiayi County62102 Taiwan

A modified chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel was developed by incorporating Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Four chitosan-Fe3O4 (ChFe) hydrogel types were developed based on chitosan:Fe3O4 ratio as 1:0, 1:1, 1:0.5 and 1:0.25. Batch sorption experiments were conducted with different pH, dosage, kinetics, and isotherms. The exhausted ChFe hydrogels were evaluated for their regeneration and reuse capability with different acids and bases. The best hydrogel for arsenic (V) [As(V)] adsorption was 1:0.5 ratio ChFe hydrogel. The highest As(V) adsorption (89 %) was at pH 4 and the adsorption capacity gradually decreased with increasing solution pH. Within the pH 4–6 range, the hydrogel surface became positively charged due to protonation of –NH2 and –OH groups in the polymer chain and the positive surface attracted H2AsO4− and HAsO42− oxyanions. The experimental kinetic data was well-fitted to the Elovich model (R2 of 0.99) while the Freundlich isotherm model best described the isotherm data (R2 of 0.97). The models predicted chemisorption mechanisms on ChFe hydrogel composites. Electrostatic attractions with –NH3+ and –OH2+, ligand-exchange inner-sphere complexes formation and bidentate corner-sharing (2C) and bidentate edge-sharing (2E) trimetric surface complexes formation have been proposed as the adsorption mechanism of As(V) into ChFe hydrogel. 0.1 M CH3COOH showed the best regeneration pattern with 75, 96, 81, 53 and 43 % of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th adsorption respectively. Because of this re-usable capability, the As(V) adsorption capacity is not a single value from one adsorption cycle, but a cumulative value of several adsorption cycles and it was 17.39 mg/g for five adsorption cycles. Open for regeneration and reuse, no post-treatment is needed for adsorbent-water separation, allow applications of the ChFe hydrogel composite in a wide range of applications such as water filtration and purification systems. The modification with ChFe further expands the application

关键词： Nanoparticles

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Electrolysis results in a comparison of metformin using aluminum, zinc, and iron (as the anode) as well as used carbon (as the cathode) 9

Electrolysis results in a comparison of metformin using alum...

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9th International Seminar on New Paradigm and Innovation of Natural Sciences and Its Application, ISNPINSA 2019

作者： Suhartana, S. Purwanto, P. Darmawan, A. Doctoral Program in Environmental Science School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Departement of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory Departement of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics Universitas Diponegoro Semarang Indonesia

Metformin is an antidiabetic drug that can be obtained easily in pharmacies/on the market, because it is traded freely, so people can easily buy and consume it. Ferrous metal, aluminum metal, and zinc metals are metal quite easy to find and are often used by the public. Metformin and Ferrous metal, aluminum metal and zinc metals are metal are quite familiar in the community. This research aims to deconcentrate metformin which can be obtained easily in pharmacies / on the market by electrolysis method, using ferrous metal, aluminum metal, and zinc metals are as an anode and carbon as the cathode. Electrolysis of metformin has been carried out using ferrous metal, aluminum metal, and zinc metal as an anode. The success of the electrolysis process was seen with a decrease in the sample COD index. In the case without the addition of electrolytes using ferrous metals, the COD index of the sample reduction was very low (9-17%). This research aims to increase the success of the electrolysis process, by adding various kinds of electrolytes, such as acetic acid (weak electrolytes), hydrochloric acid (strong electrolytes), sodium chloride and Fenton reagents. The addition of electrolytes can increase electrolysis yield significantly. The interaction between metformin during electrolysis is traced to the possibility of changes in the chromophore group (with UV-Visible spectra) and the functional group (with FTIR spectra) of the sample. From the research data obtained information that there is a decrease and shift in UV-Visible spectra and changes in functional groups after the electrolysis process occurs. The best electrolysis percentage is obtained, after adding NaCl solution and Fenton's reagent in the range of 50 -66%. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Electrolytes

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Hellebrigenin induces oral cancer cell apoptosis by modulating MAPK signalling and XIAP expression

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Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 2024年第2期28卷 e18071-e18071页

作者： Hsieh, Ming-Ju Lin, Chia-Chieh Lo, Yu-Sheng Ho, Hsin-Yu Chuang, Yi-Ching Chen, Mu-Kuan Oral Cancer Research Center Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine College of Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences China Medical University Taichung Taiwan Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine College of Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Changhua Christian Hospital Changhua Taiwan

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which accounts for 90% of all oral cancers, has become a public health crisis worldwide. despite advances in therapeutic interventions, the prognosis remains poor for advanced-stage OSCC. In this study, we investigate the anticancer activity and the mode of action of hellebrigenin in human OSCC. The findings demonstrated that hellebrigenin exerted cytotoxic effects in OSCC cells through cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and downregulation of cell cycle-related proteins (cyclins A2, B1 and D3, Cdc2, CDK4 and CDK6). Moreover, hellebrigenin caused activation of PARP and caspase 3, 8 and 9, followed by downregulation of antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL) and upregulation of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax and Bak). The hellebrigenin treatment also increased Fas, DR5, DcR2 and DcR3 expressions in oral cancer cells, indicating the compound causes oral cancer cell apoptosis through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Regarding upstream signalling, hellebrigenin was found to reduce the phosphorylation of ERK, p38, and JNK, indicating that hellebrigenin triggers caspase-mediated apoptosis by downregulating MAPK signalling pathway. Finally, the human apoptosis array findings revealed that hellebrigenin specifically suppressed the expression of XIAP to execute its pro-apoptotic activities. Taken together, the study suggests that hellebrigenin can act as a potent anticancer compound in human OSCC. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： apoptosis hellebrigenin oral squamous cell carcinoma XIAP

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Ship Propeller Rotation Threshold to Prevent Erosion and Sedimentation in Coastal Waters

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哈尔滨工程大学学报(英文版) 2024年第4期23卷 798-811页

作者： Abdul Kadir I.Istadi Agus Subagio I.Iskendar W.Waluyo Abdul Muis Dewi Kartikasari Siti Sadiah A.B Widagdo M.P Helios Mochammad Nasir N.Nurhadi Doctoral Program of Environmental Science School of Postgraduate StudiesUniversitas DiponegoroSemarangCentral Java 50275Indonesia Research Center for Transportation Technology National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jakarta 10340Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversitas DiponegoroSemarangCentral Java 50275Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Science and MathematicsUniversitas DiponegoroSemarangCentral Java 50275Indonesia Research Center for Hydrodynamic Technology National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jakarta 10340Indonesia Research Center for Energy Conversion and Conservation National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jakarta 10340Indonesia Directorate of Laboratory Management Research Facilitiesand Science and Technology ParkNational Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Jakarta 10340Indonesia

The rotation of a ship’s propeller can accelerate the water flow around it,which puts pressure on seabed *** pressure on the seabed can significantly trigger erosion and sedimentation of coastal *** the impact that can be caused,the ship’s propeller rotation limit needs to be determined to avoid damage to the aquatic *** research determines the threshold of ship propeller rotation based on the water flow velocity *** has been carried out at the Hydrodynamics Laboratory on several variations of propeller rotation R_(rmp)(r/min)and water depth using empirical approaches,numerical simulations,and scale model *** based on general standard criteria for erosion and sedimentation shows that a propeller with a diameter(D_(p))of 1.5 m is safe for propeller rotation at 25 r/min at all water ***,the propeller rotation of 75 r/min is safe for a distance between the propeller axis and the bottom of the water equal to D_(p).Meanwhile,rotation at 120 r/min is safe at a minimum distance of 1.5 D_(p),and 230 r/min is safe for a minimum distance of 2.0 D_(p).The propeller rotation threshold criteria are essential to determining the new under-keel clearance for environmentally friendly ship *** values vary based on seabed particle type and water depth.

关键词： Landing craft tank Water flow velocity Seabed erosion Under keel clearance

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