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Sorption-enhanced steam gasification of fine coal waste for fuel producing

Journal of King Saud University - engineering Sciences 2024年第2期36卷 81-88页

作者： Aprianti, Nabila Faizal, Muhammad Said, Muhammad Nasir, Subriyer Doctoral Program of Environmental Science Graduate School Universitas Sriwijaya South Sumatra Palembang30139 Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Sriwijaya South Sumatra Ogan Ilir30662 Indonesia

Improving the quality of syngas from fine coal waste using the sorption-enhanced gasification process is a novel technology in the production of H2. The effect of CaO on CO2 absorption and H2 increase in the steam fine coal gasification process was determined in a fixed bed gasifier. The steam gasification process took place at 650 °C using bentonite and CaO as catalysts and absorbents. Steam increased the H2 concentration in the syngas to 58 vol%. In-situ CO2 absorption is more effective with the addition of CaO. The maximum percentage of CO2 was absorbed when the Ca/C ratio 2 was 78.33 %. The H2 content in the syngas after the CO2 was absorbed increased rapidly to 75.80 vol% at a Ca-to-carbon-mole ratio (Ca/C) of 1.5 and a steam-to-feedstock ratio (S/F) of 1.5. CaO did not produce significant results for low heating value (LHV) or cold gas efficiency (CGE), with results of 12 MJ/Nm3 and 44.53 %. The dominant water gas shift reaction due to the influence of steam and CaO increased H2/CO up to 9.11, which made the syngas from this work suitable for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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The effect of coal petrology on the capacity of gas methane absorption in coal formation Tanjung Barito in Binuang Region, South Kalimantan

The effect of coal petrology on the capacity of gas methane ...

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International Conference on Earth Science, Mineral, and Energy 2018, ICEMINE 2018

作者： Raharjo, S. Bahagiarti, S. Purwanto, H.S. Rahmad, B. Stud. of Doctoral Program of Geological Engineering UPN Veteran Yogyakarta Indonesia Geological Engineering UPN Veteran Yogyakarta Indonesia

Tanjung Formation is an Eocene - Oligocene coal carrier formation. This formation is stratigraphically situated above the bedrock of Pratersier age. The location of this formation is in Binuang area, South Kalimantan approximately 20 km northwest of Banjarbaru city. The method of research by taking the coal sampling from the bottom seam to the top. Laboratory analysis is done in the form of coal petrography analysis and adsorption test. Coal seam of Tanjung Formation is found with thickness 50 to 600 cm. Megascopy, this coal seam is black, bright (bright-bright banded), black scratch, concoidal shards, and lightweight. Results of developing meceral analysis were vitrinite 22. 6% - 46.4%, inertinite 0.6% - 19.4%. and liptinite 0.4%, mineral matter 0.4% - 0.6%. Based on the reflectance reflection of vitrine (Rv) shows the range between 0.53 - 0.58. The rank of the entire coal is subbituminous B, based on the ASTM classification. Based on the analysis of gas adsorption shows from the lower coal seam to upper with the range 412.94 - 675.27 SCF / Ton. The upper coal seam of the small gas adsorption while at the bottom of coal seam is large gas adsorption. This change in gas adsorption is caused because the lower coal seam contains pyrite minerals, while the top is rarely found in pyrite minerals. The size of pyrite mineral content will affect the adsorption of methane gas. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Gas adsorption

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Enhancing safety with an AI-empowered assessment and monitoring system for BSL-3 facilities

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Heliyon 2025年第1期11卷 e40855页

作者： Fan, Yi-Ling Hsu, Ching-Han Wu, Ju-Yu Tsai, Ying-Ying Chen, Wei J. Lee, Min-Shi Hsu, Fang-Rong Liao, Lun-De Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Miaoli County Zhunan Town 350 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering & Environmental Sciences National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Center for Neuropsychiatric Research National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Miaoli County Zhunan Town 350 Taiwan National Institute of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology National Health Research Institutes 35 Keyan Road Miaoli County Zhunan Town 350 Taiwan Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science Feng Chia University Taichung 407 Taiwan

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has created an urgent demand for research, which has spurred the development of enhanced biosafety protocols in biosafety level (BSL)-3 laboratories to safeguard against the risks associated with handling highly contagious pathogens. Laboratory management failures can pose significant hazards. Methods: An external system captured images of personnel entering a laboratory, which were then analyzed by an AI-based system to verify their compliance with personal protective equipment (PPE) regulations, thereby introducing an additional layer of protection. A deep learning model was trained to detect the presence of essential PPE items, such as clothing, masks, hoods, double-layer gloves, shoe covers, and respirators, ensuring adherence to World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The internal laboratory management system used a deep learning model to delineate alert zones and monitor compliance with the imposed safety protocols. Results: The external detection system was trained on a dataset consisting of 4112 images divided into 15 PPE compliance classes. The model achieved an accuracy of 97.52 % and a recall of 97.03 %. The identification results were presented in real time via a visual interface and simultaneously stored on the administrator's dashboard for future reference. We trained the internal management system on 3347 images, achieving 90 % accuracy and 85 % recall. The results were transmitted in JSON format to the internal monitoring system, which triggered alerts in response to violations of safe practices or alert zones. Real-time notifications were sent to the administrators when the safety thresholds were met. Conclusion: The BSL-3 laboratory monitoring system significantly reduces the risk of exposure to pathogens for personnel during laboratory operations. By ensuring the correct use of PPE and enhancing adherence to the imposed safety protocols, this system contributes to maintaining the integrity of BSL-3 facilities

关键词： Bioengineering Biomedical instrumentation Biomedical laboratory safety Biosafety level-3 laboratory

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Path Planning for an Autonomous Vehicle based on the Ant Colony Algorithm: A Review

Path Planning for an Autonomous Vehicle based on the Ant Col...

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2023 International Workshop on Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing, IWAIIP 2023

作者： Sari, Desi Windi Dwijayanti, Suci Suprapto, Bhakti Yudho Universitas Sriwijaya Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Palembang Indonesia Universitas Sriwijaya Doctoral Program in Engineering Science Faculty of Engineering Palembang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382914

Efficient path planning technology for autonomous vehicles not only yields significant time savings but also contributes to reducing fuel usage. Various methodologies have been introduced and documented in the literature concerning the path planning of autonomous vehicles. While these methodologies may not ensure an optimal solution, they have demonstrated successful applications in their respective contexts, especially the ant colony algorithm. Nevertheless, not many papers discuss the literature review from the viewpoint of ant colony-based path planning. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review encompassing the modeling, optimization criteria, and solution algorithms related to the ant colony for path planning. In this study, the review of the ant colony algorithm is divided into global and local path planning. Based on the review results, the ant colony algorithm appears suitable for global path planning. To achieve better performance, it can be combined with other algorithms such as artificial potential field (APF), genetic algorithm, and particle swarm algorithm. These studies are conducted solely in simulations. Therefore, further research should be carried out to ensure the performance of combining the ant colony and APF for autonomous vehicles for both global and local path planning. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Assessment of Performance Wonogiri Dam in Service of Water Needs Due to the Impact of Erosion and Sedimentation

Assessment of Performance Wonogiri Dam in Service of Water N...

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International Conference of Sustainable Earth Resources engineering 2020, SERIES 2020

作者： Ari Murdhianti, A. Sri Wahyu Kusumastuti, B. Lily Montarcih, C. Pitojo Tri Juwono, D. Sisinggih Dian, E. Doctoral Program Faculty of Water Resources Engineering Brawijaya University Indonesia Water Resources Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering University of Brawijaya Indonesia

Wonogiri Dam administratively located in Wonogiri Regency exactly in the upper reaches of Bengawan Solo Watershed. Wonogiri Dam is a multipurpose dam which is used as irrigation, raw water, hydroelectric power plant and flood control. The high impact of erosion and sedimentation became main issue in Wonogiri Dam caused by changes in land use at upstream area. Within 25 years the capacity of Wonogiri Reservoir was reduced by 65 million m3 from 440 million m3 in 1980 to 375 m3 in 2005 as recorded. One of parameter that used for assessment of the dam performance depends on erosion and sedimentation. This study aims to determine assessment of performance Wonogiri Dam in service of water needs due to erosion and sedimentation. Erosion and sedimentation analysis can be determined by using USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) and SRD (Sedimen Delivery Ratio) methods. As the result showed that erosion in Wonogiri Watershed has high erosion potential which gain 3,2 million m3/year. The Keduang Sub Watershed shows the highest level of erosion potential, which is between 1.175 million m3/year. The sedimentation rate result in Wonogiri Dam considered relatively high with rate value 1,948,000 m3/year. There for it is necessary that a comprehensive sedimentation management system is needed in the Wonogiri Watershed from both side, in technical and non technical aspect, such as reforestation or dredging activities. Based on the results of the analysis of the impact of erosion and sedimentation, it can be concluded that the performance evaluation of the Wonogiri Dam is include in the sufficient category because many activities have been carried out to restore the reservoir function to its original condition. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Dams

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Performance of Anaerobic Baffled Reactor with Three Compartments in Removal of COD of Wastewater of Chilly Sauce 2

Performance of Anaerobic Baffled Reactor with Three Compartm...

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2nd International Conference on Energy, Environmental and Information System, ICENIS 2017

作者： Sumantri, Indro Budiyono, B. Purwanto, P. Doctoral Program of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

The objective in this study is to examine the performance of each compartment of the number of compartments of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) to the COD removal of the chilly sauce wastewater. Three-compartments of ABR were conducted in this experiment with the total volume of 60 l. ABR is very suitable for processing waste water with high content of COD. Wastewater conducted in this research is a degradable chilly sauce synthetic and high content of organic compounds. While the COD parameter is the main parameter to indicate the achievement of wastewater treatment plant. Stepwise in the research starting with the preparation of raw materials such as sample preparation of synthetic wastewater and preparation of activated sludge. Variable used is the time digestion in the ABR, sludge volume (50% and 70%), and initial COD concentrations (6000-14000 mg/L). The response is observed up to 7 days process. For a load of organic compounds, the first compartment has high degree of decomposition of organic compounds than 2nd and 3rd, it is shown that the COD removal the second and third compartment increase insignificantly compare the first compartment. As for the different height of the activated sludge indicated that for organic load of of 6170 mg/L up to 14265 mg/L, the first compartment has removal efficiency 79-73%, in the second compartment is 81-75%, 81-77% and third compartment. © 2018 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Investigation of thermal conductivity and physical properties of oil palm trunks/ramie fiber reinforced biopolymer hybrid composites as building bio-insulation

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 60卷 373-377页

作者： Mawardi, Indra Aprilia, Sri Faisal, Muhammad Rizal, Samsul Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe Lhokseumawe24301 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia

The current buildings insulating materials in the construction market, which mainly consist of synthetic materials, have a high performance in thermal resistivity. However, they negatively impact the human health and the environment, thereby finding bio-insulating materials is necessary. This research investigates the thermal conductivity and physical performance of oil palm trunks/ramie fibers reinforced biopolymer hybrid composites for thermal insulation of buildings. The hybrid composites were further prepared using oil palm trunk particles, ramie fiber as the reinforcement, and tapioca starch as a biopolymer binder. All the manufactured hybrid composites exhibited thermal conductivity in a range of 0.0723 W/mK to 0.1344 W/mK and density of 732 kg/m3 to 801 kg/m3, respectively. Sample C1, with a density of 732 kg/m3 had the lowest thermal conductivity of (0.0723 W/mK). Moreover, the minimum absorbed water (53.66%) and thickness swelling (21.36%) were found in the C1 sample hybrid composites after 24-hours immersion in water. Thermal conductivity performance was influenced positively by physical properties. Therefore, the results of this research show that waste oil palm trunks and ramie fiber could be used as a thermal insulating material for buildings. © 2022

关键词： Thermal conductivity

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Review of Hollow Cathode Discharge: Exploring Advanced Design and Optimization

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Journal of Aeronautics, Astronautics and Aviation 2023年第3期55卷 385-414页

作者： Hsieh, Jordan H. Li, Yueh-Heng Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan International Doctoral Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

Electric propulsion has seen significant development over the years, resulting in its popularity due to its expanded capabilities in satellite constellation management and orbital transfer vehicles. Hollow cathodes have become an extensively utilized source of electrons for propellant ionization and ion beam neutralization in electric propulsion systems. This paper reviews the hollow cathode discharge and the recent advancements and progress in hollow cathode technology to highlight the key areas that require further research. The classic hollow cathode design, which features an external heater and has been widely used in flight programs, is discussed, followed by a focus on heaterless hollow cathodes, which have recently gained publicity. The critical aspects of low-current and high-current hollow cathode operation, including the emitter material and self-heating mechanisms, are highlighted in this review, each facing unique challenges. Future challenges for hollow cathodes involve creating chemically stable, long-lasting materials with low work function, optimizing the design to reduce ion yield and erosion, and ongoing modeling of cathode operation and plasma instabilities. © 2023 The Aeronautical and Astronautical Society of the Republic of China. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cathodes

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AMBULATION AID FOR NONWEIGHTBEARING FOOT AND ANKLE INJURIES - SUGGESTION FROM THE FIELD

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PHYSICAL THERAPY 1986年第9期66卷 1413-1414页

作者： KUIKEN, T Mr. Kuiken is a doctoral student and Research Assistant Rehabilitation Engineering Program Northwestern University Rm 1441 345 E Superior St Chicago IL 60611 (USA).

Patients with injuries that preclude one leg from bearing weight frequently must use crutches. The difficulties of crutch ambulation are apparent to anyone who has used crutches for more than a few hours. Crutch ambulation is cumbersome and tiring. Using crutches strains the patient's body, often causing muscle aches and stiffness. Also, the activities of patients on crutches are limited. Their ambulation is compromised, and they have difficulty carrying things and working with their hands because their hands are not *** purpose of this article is to describe a brace that allows patients with distal lower limb injuries to walk without the conventional use of crutches. The brace holds the knee in 90 degrees of flexion, places the patient's weight primarily on the knee and distal portion of the shank, and transmits his weight through a pedestal to the floor (Fig. 1).

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Dramatic effect of extreme rainfall event and storm on microbial community dynamics in a subtropical coastal region

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 964卷 178560页

作者： Olivia, Madeline Annabel, Clara Natalie Chen, Patrichka Wei-Yi Hsieh, Chih-hao Chang, Feng-Hsun Ho, Pei-Chi Chien, Chia-Te Chao, Chien-Fu Mukhanov, Vladimir Tsai, An-Yi Institute of Marine Environment and Ecology National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202-24 Taiwan Doctoral Degree Program in Ocean Resource and Environmental Changes National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202-24 Taiwan Center of Excellence for the Oceans National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202-24 Taiwan Institute of Oceanography National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas Russian Academy of Sciences Sevastopol299011 Russia Laboratory of Marine Ecosystems Institute for Advanced Research Sevastopol State University Sevastopol299053 Russia

Extreme weather events, such as heavy rainfall and typhoons, are becoming more frequent due to climate change and can significantly impact coastal microbial communities. This study examines the short-term alterations in microbial food webs—viruses, bacteria, picophytoplankton, nanoflagellates, ciliates, and diatom—following Typhoon Krathon in Taiwan's coastal waters in October 2024. Daily in situ sampling revealed a significant post-typhoon increased in viral, nanoflagellate, and Synechococcus spp. abundance. Furthermore, viral, Synechococcus spp., and nanoflagellate abundance increased by approximately 4.2 to 12.8-fold, 33.3 to 160 fold, and 0.5 to 9.4 fold in response to these weather events, compared to periods pre-typhoon, respectively. Modified dilution experiments showed that, before the typhoon, nanoflagellate grazing was the major cause of bacterial mortality, while viral lysis was the main cause of Synechococcus spp. mortality. Post-typhoon, there was a notable shift, with nanoflagellate grazing increasing mortality rates of bacteria and Synechococcus spp., suggesting that grazing became the dominant top-down control mechanism after the disturbance. Our findings suggest that extreme weather events shift microbial mortality dynamics, increasing the role of grazing in controlling microbial populations, with potential implications for carbon cycling in coastal ecosystems. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Tropical cyclone

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