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IEEE Annual International computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： W. Lin T.-L. Sheu C.R. Das Computer Engineering Program Department of Electrical Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA

Presents a quadtree communication structure and two associated procedures for efficient, contention-free data searching and distribution on the BBN Butterfly parallel processor and its family. The proposed quadtree structure suggests a general approach to mapping a class of parallel algorithms with intensive communication requirements for performing two primitive operations: selecting data from many different sources and distributing data from a single source. While performing these two operations through the quadtree structure, the 'ascend' and 'descend' procedures incur no link conflicts in the Butterfly network. A concrete example of mapping the linear programming algorithm is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed quadtree communication structure.< >

关键词： Switches Linear programming Communication switching Hardware Concurrent computing Distributed computing Parallel algorithms Broadcasting Data engineering Merging

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Evaluation of system BIST using computational performance measures

Evaluation of system BIST using computational performance me...

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IEEE International Test Conference

作者： D.L. Landis D.C. Muha Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Engineering Program Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA

The impact of built-in self-test (BIST) techniques and system maintenance strategies on the performance of a VLSI processor system is examined. The specific BIST technique used was shown to have a significant influence upon instantaneous and cumulative system reward. It was shown that the additional overhead of the distributed and BILBO approaches is justified for this model when area utilization and cumulative area utilization are considered. For the assumed design parameters, the results presented allow a VLSI system designer to choose an optimal configuration based on system requirements and individual component parameters. The optimal performance will also depend on system and component parameters such as processor failure rates and fault coverage. These results are relevant to the design, evaluation, and optimization of highly reliable, high-performance digital processing systems.< >

关键词： Built-in self-test Circuit testing computer applications Fault tolerant systems Semiconductor device measurement Application software Circuit faults Fault detection Very large scale integration Area measurement

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Design and implementation of a distributed transaction processing system

Design and implementation of a distributed transaction proce...

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IEEE Compcon

作者： D.N. Mannai A.K. Elmagarmid Computer Engineering Program Electrical Engineering Department Pennsylvania State University University Park PA USA

The extension of the transaction concept to the distributed environment has introduced problems not present in centralized systems. Some of these new problems are due to the communication network, which has become the major speed limitation factor. This suggests that minimizing communication in distributed transactions is as crucial as minimizing disk access for centralized systems. A system for distributed transaction processing that reflects this concern is presented. A novel construct called 'execute' is used that allows the initiation and execution of a group of remote operations with one command.< >

关键词： Communication networks Transaction databases Distributed computing computer networks Communication system control Power engineering computing Reliability engineering Power engineering and energy Power system reliability Fault tolerant systems

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D/sup 3/FS: a demand driven deductive fault simulator

D/sup 3/FS: a demand driven deductive fault simulator

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IEEE International Test Conference

作者： S.P. Smith M.R. Mercer B. Underwood Computer Aided Design Program Microelectronics and Computer Technology Corporation Austin TX USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Texas Austin Austin TX USA

A high-speed fault simulator is presented that combines demand-driven simulation techniques with a bit-encoded deductive fault simulation scheme. The simulator uses an efficient approach to the management of signal value and fault list structures intended to minimize disk thrashing during execution. Input cone analysis is used during preprocessing to identify gates with independent inputs so that optimized evaluation routines that include early cutoff can be used. Results are given for the demand-driven deductive fault simulator and contrasted with an earlier demand-driven parallel fault simulator.< >

关键词： Circuit faults Computational modeling Circuit simulation computer simulation Circuit testing Automatic test pattern generation Microelectronics Vectors Automatic testing Sequential analysis

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computer ST segment measurement during transesophageal atrial pacing stress

Computer ST segment measurement during transesophageal atria...

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computers in Cardiology (CinC)

作者： H. Jadvar J. Jenkins R. Arzbaecher Bioengineering Program and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Pritzker Institute of Medical Engineering IIT Center Chicago IL USA

Transesophageal atrial pacing (TAP) has been proposed as a noninvasive alternate modality of cardiac stress for patients who cannot perform an adequate exercise stress test. Present computer methods for processing the exercise ECG are inadequate in analyzing the unique surface ECG recorded during a TAP stress procedure. This is due to the presence of large simulator-induced pacing artifacts which confound computer beat identification. The authors have developed hardware to suppress the large pacing artifact, and a software method to detect the R wave, determine sustained capture, and calculate beat-by-beat and average ST-segment level, St slope, R-wave amplitude, and instantaneous RR interval and heart rate. They employ five different computer methods (single-point, average, weighted-average, linear least-squares and parabolic least-squares) in ST-segment measurements. They demonstrate the deficiency of present exercise ECG computer methods in processing the ECG during stress and show the significantly enhanced performance of their own technique on real ECG data.< >

关键词： Stress measurement Electrocardiography Heart rate Biomedical engineering Performance evaluation Hardware Heart rate detection Testing Electronic circuits Frequency

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A conference key distribution system based on the Lagrange interpolating polynomial

A conference key distribution system based on the Lagrange i...

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IEEE Annual Joint Conference: INFOCOM, IEEE computer and Communications Societies

作者： E.-H. Lu W.-Y. Hwang L. Harn J.-Y. Lee Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan Computer Science Program University of Missouri Kansas City Kansas City MO USA

A conference key distribution system (CKDS) can provide a common secret communication key to a set of M stations. A CKDS based on Lagrange interpolating polynomial is introduced. It is easy to see that breaking this system is equivalent to break the Diffie-Hellman public-key distribution system. This conference key is selected by the conference chairstation and hidden in the Lagrange interpolating polynomial. Recovering this key by each participating station only requires M-1 multiplications and M-2 additions over a finite field GF(P).< >

关键词： Lagrangian functions Polynomials Cryptography Public key computer science Cities and towns Galois fields electrical resistance measurement

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Analysis of light distribution in tissue

Analysis of light distribution in tissue

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Laser Interaction with Tissue 1988

作者： Van Gemert, M.J.C. Jacques, S.L. Sterenborg, H.J.C.M. Star, W.M. Welch, A.J. Academic Medical Centre Experimental Laser Centre Meibergdreef 9 Amsterdam Z.O.1105 AZ Netherlands Laser Application and Information Centre Amsterdam Department of Physics Free University Amsterdam Netherlands Wellmann Laboratory Department of Dermatology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston United States Department of Clinical Physics Rotterdam Radiotherapeutic Institute Rotterdam Netherlands Biomedical Engineering Program University of Texas at Austin Austin United States Electrical and Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering

Q-uantitative dosimetry in clinical laser treatment requires information on propagation of light in tissue related to the optical properties of the tissue. This involves the solution of the integro-differential equation of radiative transfer, as well as experimental methods to determine the optical properties involved. These activities are summarized under the name tissue optics. This paper reviews the current status of tissue optics, distinguishing between the cases of: dominant absorption, dominant scattering, and scattering about equal to absorption. Most tissues or phantom tissues of which the optical properties are available show strongly forward scattering. The absorption and scattering data of skin layers show that in many cases scattering is more important than absorption. Under such circumstances, solutions to the transport equation under laser irradiation conditions are currently lacking. © 1988 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tissue

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Modular scintillation cameras: A progress report

Modular scintillation cameras: A progress report

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Medical Imaging II 1988

作者： Aarsvold, J.N. Barrett, H.H. Chen, J. Landesman, A.L. Milster, T.D. Patton, D.D. Roney, T.J. Rowe, R.K. Seacat, R.H. Strimbu, L.M. University of Arizona Program in Applied Mathematics TucsonAZ85721 United States University of Arizona Optical Sciences Center TucsonAZ85721 United States University of Arizona Department of Radiology University Medical Center TucsonAZ85724 United States University of Arizona Department of Physics TucsonAZ85721 United States IBM Corporation General Products Division Department 78G/21-2 TucsonAZ85744 United States University of Arizona Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering TucsonAZ85721 United States

Modular scintillation cameras are gamma cameras with relatively small crystal faces, a small number of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), and independent processing electronics. Our prototypical module has a 10 cm square crystal face, four PMTs, and digital processing electronics. Scintillation event information is transferred to images by mapping digitized PMT response combinations to optimal position estimates of event locations. In our prototype, a look-up table is used to perform this mapping. To encode scintillation event information more effectively, we use nonlinear compression of each of the PMT signals. Also introduced are logarithmic matched filtering and likelihood windowing, two processing techniques that result from exploitations of the Poisson model of the distribution of photopeak events. Logarithmic matched filtering is a method of obtaining estimates of mean detector response functions having greater accuracy than that indicated by the digitization of the PMT responses. Likelihood windowing is the utilization of a likelihood threshold, rather than the familiar energy window, as a discriminant of photopeak and scatter events. We have implemented each of the above on our prototypical module. Performance characteristics of this module include energy resolution of 10% full width at half maximum (FWHM) at 140 keV and spatial resolution of better than 4mm FWHM over 90% of the crystal. © 1988 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photomultipliers

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DATA MULTIPLEX SYSTEM (DMS) - ASPECTS OF FLEET INTRODUCTION

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第6期100卷 41-47页

作者： BLACKWELL, LM Luther M. Blackwell:is presently the Data Multiplex System (DMS) program manager in the Bridge Control Monitoring and Information Transfer Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea). He graduated from the University of Maryland in 1964 receiving his BS degree in electrical engineering. After graduating he was employed in the Bureau of Ships where he held project engineering assignments on various ships entertainment magnetic tape recording fiber optics computer mass memory and information transfer systems. He has also pursued graduate studies in engineering management at The George Washington University.

The Data Multiplex System (DMS) is a general-purpose information transfer system directed toward fulfilling the internal data intercommunication requirements of a variety of naval combatant ships and submarines in the 1990–2000 time frame. The need for a modern data transfer system of the size and capability of DMS has increased as various digital control systems throughout naval ships have adopted distributed processing architectures and reconfigurable control consoles, and as the quantity of remotely sensed and controlled equipment throughout the ship has increased manyfold over what it was in past designs. Instead of miles of unique cabling that must be specifically designed for each ship, DMS will meet information transfer needs with general-purpose multiplex cable that will be installed according to a standard plan that does not vary with changes to the ship's electronics suite. Perhaps the greatest impact of DMS will be the decoupling of ship subsystems from each other and from the ship. Standard multiplex interfaces will avoid the cost and delay of modifying subsystems to make them compatible. The ability to wire a new ship according to a standard multiplex cable plan, long before the ship subsystems are fully defined, will free both the ship and the subsystems to develop at their own pace, will allow compression of the development schedules, and will provide ships with more advanced subsystems. This paper describes the DMS system as it is currently being introduced into the fleet by the U.S. Navy. The results of its design and implementation in the DDG-51 and LHD-1 class ships are also presented.

关键词： Multiplexing Equipment

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NTDS - A PAGE IN NAVAL HISTORY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第3期100卷 53-61页

作者： SWENSON, EN MAHINSKE, EB STOUTENBURGH, JS Capt. Erick N. Swenson USNR (Ret.):is a project manager for special projects in the Surface Ship Systems Division Hughes Aircraft Company Fullerton Calif where he has been employed since his retirement from the U.S. Navy in 1975. Originally trained as an electronics technician during WWII in the Captain Eddy program he later received a BS degree in electrical engineering from the University of Rochester Rochester N. Y. in 1950. Subsequent engineering education was received at the University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Penn. and the Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif. After commissioning he was ordered to duty as the electronics division officer on the USSMissouri(BB-63) and electronics ships superintendent at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard San Francisco Calif. When the design of the Naval Tactical Data System began in the mid-1950s Lt. (j.g.) Swenson was ordered to the Bureau of Ships Navy Department Washington D.C. as the junior engineering duty only officer assigned to the project. From 1962 to 1965 LCdr. Swenson was assigned as the BuShips technical representative on the program at Remington Rand Univac St. Paul Minn. For the next ten years he returned to BuShips/NavSea/NAVSEC as the NTDS project officer. During this time the project expanded considerably foreign military sales were heavily involved and interoperability with other services and countries were established. His final effort on active duty was to instigate the redesign of the previousSpruanceclass destroyers into the newerAdmiral Kiddclass improvement program. He is a registered professional electrical engineer in the State of California listed inWho's Who in the Worldis a life member of ASNE and chairman of the Long Beach/Greater LA Section. Capt. Edmund B. Mahinske USN (Ret.):is an alumnus of the U.S. Naval Academy the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Harvard Business School. His technical background is in electronics and he specialized in the management of programs involving the application of comp

A little over thirty years ago, a group of naval engineers were assembled by the Bureau of Ships to develop a new system approach to the combat information center (CIC). The CIC of World War II, with its “grease pencil” plots and voice telling of tactical information from sensors and other ships, could no longer provide the timely, coordinated reaction to postwar threats. This project group led the Navy into the new world of large-scale, high-speed digital electronics and into a new mode of conducting naval warfare as well. There were no off-the-shelf computers of the requisite capability, size and reliability; what were available were monstrous vacuum tube computers. There were no display equipments that were “conversant” in both the digital language of the computer and the analog language of the sensors and the weapon systems. Who ever heard, at that time, of a computer running a tactical communication net automatically? It was hard enough to find sufficient numbers of engineers who knew what a digital computer was. This paper, by three naval engineers in the implementing engineering office, depicts the evolvement of the Naval Tactical Data Systems (NTDS) as they saw it. It discusses the problems that stemmed from the transition from the old world of analog into the new digital world, the system concepts that steered the development; the key decisions that were made; new electronic equipment and processes that became necessary; and the need of the mangagement to face the real world of deadlines, ship schedules and operational requirements.

关键词： NAVAL WARFARE

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