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computer Arithmetic (ARITH)

作者： D. E. Atkins S. C. Ong Program in Computer Information and Control Engineering and Systems Engineering Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor USA University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI US

This paper presents the results of one phase of a study concerning methods for addition of P>;2 numbers, each encoded as a vector of digits (digit vector) of length N. Such multi-operand addition has been studied most often in the context of reducing a set of partial products to a single result in the implementation of multiplication. More generalized multi-operand addition, most notably in the form of inner product calculations is, however, central to numerous scientific applications of digital computers. Although multi-operand addition is trivially accomplished by accumulation (iteration in time) in any general purpose machine, demands for very high-speed computation, typified by 2- and 3-D signal processing prompt implementation of dedicated, hardware-intensive structures for multi-operand addition. This study, for example, is motivated in part by requirements for rapid simultaneous addition of up to 100, 16-bit operands in the design of a dedicated processor for real-time reconstruction of 3-D images of the beating heart and breathing lungs [1].

关键词： Adders Logic gates Vectors Delay Equations computers Hardware

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ANTENNA PROPERTIES OF PROBES USED IN ION-ACOUSTIC-WAVE EXPERIMENTS

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RADIO SCIENCE 1977年第6期12卷 935-939页

作者： CHRISTENSEN, T HERSHKOWITZ, N SCHELLER, A LONNGREN, KE The University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa 52242 Department of Physics and Astronomy. Program of Electrical and Computer Engineering.

This paper describes a series of experiments designed to examine the antenna characteristics of probes which are used as detectors in ion-acoustic wave experiments. Reception patterns are measured which are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. The near-field antenna pattern of the wave-launching grid is found to be important.

关键词： Probes Antenna measurements Plasmas Antenna radiation patterns Dipole antennas Receiving antennas

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Level regulation in two connected standpipes: A problem in nonlinear multivariable control

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1977年第6期10卷 431-436页

作者： P.P.J. van den Bosch N.H. McClamroch Delft University of Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Delft The Netherlands Program in Computer Information and Control Engineering The University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan U.S.A.

A description will be given of a process consisting of two connected vertical stand-pipes. This physical process is rather simple in the details of its construction, but the relationship between the flows into and out of the standpipes and the levels is nonlinear and complicated. A nonlinear mathematical model will be derived to describe the dynamical behaviour of this system. A control structure with nonlinear multi loop feedforward and linear single loop feedback control will be analyzed and discussed. Simulation and implementation with an experimental laboratory set-up are used to illustrate and demonstrate the behaviour of process with the proposed control structure.

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Abstracts

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Environmental Management 1977年第1期1卷 67-96页

作者： Frankenfeld, John W. Schulz, Wolfgang McMurty, George J. Petersen, Gary W. May, G. A. Hering, F. S. Schwartz, J. I. Heywood, J. B. Chigier, N. A. Grohse, E. W. Walker, J. D. Colwell, R. R. Petrakis, L. Pergament, H. S. Thorpe, R. D. Schoepf, Richard W. Krzyczkowski, Roman Henneman, Suzanne S. Hudson, Charles L. Putnam, Evelyn S. Thiesen, Donna J. Parks, G. A. McCarty, Perry L. Leckie, J. O. Schrumpf, Barry J. Simonson, G. H. Paine, D. P. Lawrence, R. D. Pyott, W. T. Leh, M. Elders, W. Combs, J. Caplen, T. Harrison, F. L. Wong, K. M. Heft., R. E. Charnell, Robert L. Lehmann, Edward J. Mallon, Lawrence G. Hatfield, Cecile Adams, Gerald H. Johanning, James Talvitie, Antti Noll, Kenneth E. Miller, Terry Smiarowski, Joseph F. Willis, Cleve E. Foster, John H. Schlesinger, Benjamin Daetz, Douglas Lear, Donald U. Smith, Mona F. Hundemann, Audrey S. Crockett, Pernell W. Werner, Kirk G. Carroll, Thomas E. Maase, David L. Genco, Joseph E. Ifeadi, Christopher N. Lowman, F. G. Christensen, S. W. Van Winkle, W. Mattice, J. S. Harrison, Elizabeth A. Barker, James C. Chesness, Jerry L. Smith, Ralph E. Shaheeen, Donald G. Raney, R. Keith Borton, T. Wezernak, C. T. Raney, R. K. Sherwani, Jabbor K. Moreau, David H. Eisenberg, Norman A. Lynch, Cornelius J. Breeding, Roger J. Johnson, J. D. Foster, K. E. Mouat, D. A. Clark, R. Hyden, John William Owen, Wilfred Bayfield, Neil G. Barrow, Graham C. Stolz, Stephanie B. Wienckowski, Louis A. Brown, Betram S. Keyfitz, Nathan Wilson, W. L. Newman, Peter W. G. Bammi, Deepak Bammi, Dalip Goddard, James E. Chisholm, Tony Walsh, Cliff Brennan, Geoffrey Thompson, K. S. Richardson, R. Jensen, Clayton E. Brown, Dail W. Mirabito, John A. Cowing, Thomas G. Binghamton, Suny Siehl, George H. Albrecht, O. W. Alexander, Ariel Barde, Jean -Philippe Darby, William P. McMichael, Francis Clay Dunlap, Robert W. Muckleston, Keith W. Frankenhoff, Charles A. Giulini, Lorenzo T. Wyatt, T. Black, Peter E. Keating, William Thomas Leonard, M. E. Fisher, E. L. Brunelle, M. F. Dickinson, J. E. Pethig, Rudiger Clapham Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Linden Government Research Lab Coast Guard Washington D.C. Department of Transportation Washington D.C. Office For Remote Sensing of Earth Resources. NASA Earth Resources Survey Program Pennsylvania State University Washington D.C. Department of the Navy Washington D.C. Cambridge. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Inst. of Technology USA Huntsville. School of Graduate Studies and Research Alabama Univ. USA Dept. of Microbiology. Office of Naval Research Maryland Univ. Arlington Research and Development Co. Pittsburgh AeroChem Research Labs. Inc. Princeton Dept. of the Interior Office of Library Services. Bibliographic Series (Final) Washington D.C. Interplan Corp. Santa Barbara Urban Mass Transportation Adm. Washington D.C. Naval Underwater Systems Center Newport Calif. Mercury Project. National Science Found Stanford Univ Washington D.C. Div. of Advanced Environmental Research & Tech. USA Corvallis. NASA Earth Resources Survey Program Oregon State Univ. Washington D.C. Riverside. Inst. of Geophysics and Planetary Physics National Science Foundation California Univ. Washington D.C. Livermore Lawrence Livermore Lab. California Univ. USA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Labs. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami National Technical Information Service Springfield Miami Univ. Coral Gables School of Law National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Rockville National Academy of Sciences Office of Sea Grant Washington D. C. School of Law National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Sea Grant. Rockville Norman. Dept. of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science. Urban Mass Transportation Administration Oklahoma Univ. Washington D. C. Knoxville.Dept. of Civil Engineering. Federal Highway Administration Tennessee Univ. Washington D. C. Amherst.Water Resources Research Center. Office of Water Research and Technology Massachusetts Univ. Washington D. C. Calif. Dept. of Industria

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A Graph Model for Fault-Tolerant Computing Systems

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IEEE Transactions on computers 1976年第9期C-25卷 875-884页

作者： Hayes, John P. Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Science Program University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90007 United States

An approach to fault-tolerant design is described in which a computing system S and an algorithm A to be executed by S are both defined by graphs whose nodes represent computing facilities. A is executable by S if A is isomorphic to a subgraph of S. A k-fault is the removal of k nodes (facilities) from S. S is a k-faulttolerant (k-FT) realization of A if A can be executed by S with any k-fault present in S. The problem of designing optimal k-FT systems is considered where A is equated to a 0-FT system. Techniques are described for designing optimal k-FT realizations of single-loop systems;these techniques are related to results in Hamiltonian graph theory. The design of optimal k-FT realizations of certain types of tree systems is also examined. The advantages and disadvantages of the graph model are discussed. Copyright © 1976 by The Institute of electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

关键词： computer architecture fault-tolerant computing fault-tolerant design graph theory Hamiltonian graphs singleloop systems tree systems

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On the Properties of Irredundant Logic Networks

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IEEE Transactions on computers 1976年第9期C-25卷 884-892页

作者： Hayes, John P. Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Science Program University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90007 United States

The constraints imposed by various types of irredundancy on the structure of combinational logic networks are investigated. It is shown that the usual notion ofirredundancy here called a-irredundancy, places bounds on the maximum number of inputs to certain types of network structures. A network is called b-redundant if it contains a cascade of single-input gates that can be reduced to either an inverter or a single line. Let Nab(Z) denote all realizations of Z that are both a - and b-irredundant. If N E Nab(Z), then the number of gates in any fan-out-free subnetwork of N is bounded. It is shown that a solution to some important design optimization problems can be found in Nab(Z). It is conjectured that Nab(Z) is finite and some results supporting this conjecture are presented. For example, it is impossible to construct an arbitrarily long cascade of networks that perform the identity transformation without introducing a-or b-redundancy. A more general type of redundancy, c-redundancy, is defined which includes both a-and b-redundancy as special cases. The class of c-irredundant realizations of Z is finite. Copyright © 1976 by The Institute of electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

关键词： Combinational networks irredundant networks logic circuits logic design optimization redundancy redundancy testing redundancy types

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A Dynamic Database Reorganization Algorithm

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ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS) 1976年第2期1卷 159-174页

作者： Yao, S.B. Das, K.S. Teorey, T.J. Department of Computer Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Program in Computer Information and Control Engineering (CICE) University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States

Reorganization is necessary in some databases for overcoming the performance deterioration caused by updates. The paper presents a dynamic reorganization algorithm which makes the reorganization decision by measuring the database search costs. Previously, the reorganization intervals could only be determined for linear deterioration and known database lifetime. It is shown that the dynamic reorganization algorithm is near optimum for constant reorganization cost and is superior for increasing reorganization cost. In addition, it can be applied to cases of unknown database lifetime and nonlinear performance deterioration. The simplicity, generality, and efficiency appear to make this good heuristic for database reorganization. © 1976, ACM. All rights reserved.

关键词： database file organization information retrieval reorganization

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A Flexible Renewal Process Simulator for Neural Spike Trains

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IEEE Transactions on Biomedical engineering 1976年第3期BME-23卷 262-266页

作者： Belanger, Barry F. Williams, William J. Yin, Tom C. T. Bioelectrical Sciences Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Bioengineering Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109. United States

Certain neuronal spike trains may be viewed as stochastic, nonhomogeneous point process. Neuronal information may be encoded in the time-varying mean rate of the spike train in some cases. For this purpose the simulat... 详细信息

关键词： Humans Heart Bioelectric phenomena Testing Cardiology Myocardium Neurons Laboratories Thorax Signal analysis

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The Viterbi Algorithm as an Aid in Text Recognition

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IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 1975年第2期21卷 222-226页

作者： Neuhoff, David L. Electrical Engineering Department Stanford University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computer Information and Control Engineering Program University of Michigan Stanford Calif. Ann Arbor Mich. United States

The results of an experiment are described in which contextual information is used to improve the performance of an optical character reader when reading English text. Specifically, English is modeled as a Markov source and the Viterbi algorithm is used to do maximum a posteriori sequence estimation on the output of an optical character reader (OCR). © 1975 IEEE. All rights reserved.

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Higher radix, non-restoring division: History and recent developments 3

Higher radix, non-restoring division: History and recent dev...

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3rd Symposium on computer Arithmetic, ARITH 1975

作者： Atkins, Daniel E. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Program in Computer Information and Control Engineering The University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48104 United States

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