In this paper,we used Corn Stalk(CS)as a renewable and economical bio template to fabricate willemite scaffolds with the potential application in skull bone *** was used as a sacrificial template to synthesize the ***...
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In this paper,we used Corn Stalk(CS)as a renewable and economical bio template to fabricate willemite scaffolds with the potential application in skull bone *** was used as a sacrificial template to synthesize the *** scaffolds with the chemical formula of Zn2SiO4 and pore size in the range of 3 to 10µm could be successfully synthesized by soaking CS in the willemite solution for 24 h and sintering at 950°C for 5 *** porosity of the samples was controlled by the soaking time(between 12 and 48 h)in the willemite solution from 5 to 35%,*** properties of these scaffolds showed a good approximation with cranial bone *** addition,cytotoxicity assays(MTT)were performed on Human Bone Marrow Stromal cells(HBMSc)and A172 human glioblastoma cell lines by direct and indirect culture methods to estimate their toxicity for bone and nerve cells,*** Phosphatase(ALP)activity and DAPI/Phalloidin cell staining were also performed to investigate the efficiency of the scaffolds for bone tissue engineering *** results showed that the scaffolds had good biocompatibility with both HBMSC and A172 cells,noticeable improvement on ALP activity,and great apatite formation ability in Simulated Body Fluid(SBF).All the evidence ascertained that willemite scaffolds made by corn stalks could be a useful candidate for bone tissue engineering applications.
Wide-bandgap semiconductors exhibit much larger energybandgaps than traditional semiconductors such as silicon,rendering them very promising to be applied in the fields of electronics and *** examples of semiconductor...
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Wide-bandgap semiconductors exhibit much larger energybandgaps than traditional semiconductors such as silicon,rendering them very promising to be applied in the fields of electronics and *** examples of semiconductors include SiC,GaN,ZnO,and diamond,which exhibitdistinctive characteristics such as elevated mobility and *** characteristics facilitate the operation of awide range of devices,including energy-efficient bipolar junctiontransistors(BJTs)and metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effecttransistors(MOSFETs),as well as high-frequency high-electronmobility transistors(HEMTs)and optoelectronic components suchas light-emitting diodes(LEDs)and *** semiconductorsare used in building integrated circuits(ICs)to facilitate theoperation of power electronics,computer devices,RF systems,andother optoelectronic *** breakthroughs includevarious applications such as imaging,optical communication,*** them,the field of power electronics has witnessedtremendous progress in recent years with the development of widebandgap(WBG)semiconductor devices,which is capable ofswitching large currents and voltages rapidly with low ***,it has been proven challenging to integrate these deviceswith silicon complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)logic circuits required for complex control *** monolithic integration of silicon CMOS with WBG devices increases thecomplexity of fabricating monolithically integrated smart integrated circuits(ICs).This review article proposes implementingCMOS logic directly on the WBG platform as a ***,achieving the CMOS functionalities with the adoption of WBGmaterials still remains a significant *** article summarizesthe research progress in the fabrication of integrated circuitsadopting various WBG materials ranging from SiC to diamond,with the goal of building future smart power ICs.
Photonic metasurfaces are efficiently and accurately simulated using a surface integral equation (SIE) solver. This solver models the metasurface as an infinitesimally thin sheet on which generalized sheet transition ...
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Seamless communication between authorities, people, and smart devices is crucial in today's globally interconnected world. Unprecedented demands on software design result from the advent of ubiquitous connectivity...
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Bridge networks are essential components of civil infrastructure, supporting communities by delivering vital services and facilitating economic activities. However, bridges are vulnerable to natural disasters, particu...
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Bridge networks are essential components of civil infrastructure, supporting communities by delivering vital services and facilitating economic activities. However, bridges are vulnerable to natural disasters, particularly earthquakes. To develop an effective disaster management strategy, it is critical to identify reliable, robust, and efficient indicators. In this regard, Life-Cycle Cost (LCC) and Resilience (R) serve as key indicators to assist decision-makers in selecting the most effective disaster risk reduction plans. This study proposes an innovative LCC–R optimization framework to identify the most optimal retrofit strategies for bridge networks facing hazardous events during their lifespan. The proposed framework employs both single- and multi-objective optimization techniques to identify retrofit strategies that maximize the R index while minimizing the LCC for the under-study bridge networks. The considered retrofit strategies include various options such as different materials (steel, CFRP, and GFRP), thicknesses, arrangements, and timing of retrofitting actions. The first step in the proposed framework involves constructing fragility curves by performing a series of nonlinear time-history incremental dynamic analyses for each case. In the subsequent step, the seismic resilience surfaces are calculated using the obtained fragility curves and assuming a recovery function. Next, the LCC is evaluated according to the proposed formulation for multiple seismic occurrences, which incorporates the effects of complete and incomplete repair actions resulting from previous multiple seismic events. For optimization purposes, the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) evolutionary algorithm efficiently identifies the Pareto front to represent the optimal set of solutions. The study presents the most effective retrofit strategies for an illustrative bridge network, providing a comprehensive discussion and insights into the resulting tactical approaches
Rechargeable batteries based on multivalent metal anodes including earth-abundant magnesium(Mg),calcium(Ca),zinc(Zn),and aluminum(Al)are potential new“beyond lithium(Li)”electrochemical energy storage technologies f...
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Rechargeable batteries based on multivalent metal anodes including earth-abundant magnesium(Mg),calcium(Ca),zinc(Zn),and aluminum(Al)are potential new“beyond lithium(Li)”electrochemical energy storage technologies for large-scale energy storage *** multivalent elements are more earth abundant,and therefore promising candidates for reducing global dependence on Li for our growing energy storage *** the seminal work by Aurbach and coworkers[1]demonstrating the first prototype rechargeable Mg batteries,tremendous efforts have been made to the research and development of rechargeable multivalent-ion batteries.
Low bulk density greatly restricts the large-scale application of electrospun carbon-based fiber membrane as electrode in energy storage devices. To solve the above challenges, herein an orientation-compaction densifi...
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Low bulk density greatly restricts the large-scale application of electrospun carbon-based fiber membrane as electrode in energy storage devices. To solve the above challenges, herein an orientation-compaction densification strategy is proposed to enhance the bulk density and volumetric capacity of PAN-based carbon nanofiber membranes as self-supporting electrode used in lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). Specifically, highly-oriented fibers are achieved by high-speed roller collecting during electrospinning, and compaction densification is conducted by hot-pressing treatment. The effects of collecting speed and hot-pressing pressure on the morphology, conductivity,bulk density, tensile strength, and flexibility of the obtained carbon nanofiber membrane are *** to conventional fiber membranes, of which fibers are disorderly stacked, the oriented fiber membrane is much easier to achieve dense stacking by compaction. The obtained dense carbon nanofiber membrane demonstrates a bulk density of 0.566 g cm-3, and shows a significantly-enhanced volumetric capacity(318.3 mA h cm-3), high-rate performance(86.6 mA h cm-3at 5 A g-1), and satisfactory cycling stability when used as selfsupporting electrode of LIBs.
Solar-driven carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)provides an oppor tunity to produce value-added chemical feedstocks and ***,achieving efficient and stable photoelectrochemical(PEC)CO_(2)RR into selec tive prod...
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Solar-driven carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)provides an oppor tunity to produce value-added chemical feedstocks and ***,achieving efficient and stable photoelectrochemical(PEC)CO_(2)RR into selec tive products is challenging owing to the difficulties associated with the optical and the electrical configuration of PEC devices and electrocatalyst ***,we construct an efficient,concentrated sunlight-driven CO_(2)RR setup consisting of InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction cell as a photoanode and oxide-derived Au(Ox-Au)as a cathode to perform the unassisted PEC CO_(2)*** one-sun illumination,a maximum operating current density of 11.5 mA cm^(-2) with an impressive Faradaic efficiency(FE)of~98%is achieved for carbon monoxide(CO)production,leading to a solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency of~15%.Under concentrated intensity of 10 sun,the photoanode records a maximum current density of~124 mAcm^(-2) and maintains~60%of FE for CO *** results demonstrate crucial advancements in usingⅢ-Ⅴbased photoanodes for concentrated PEC CO_(2)RR.
Archaeogeophysics, i.e., the application and integration of geophysics into archaeological investigations, is an exciting and growing field of study and an international collaboration at the intersection of the physic...
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In this article, we harnessed biomedical applications in laser-assisted etching long-period fiber gratings (LLPFGs) sensors, subsequently deploying them within the realm of biomedical applications. The primary aim of ...
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