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developments and future potentials of anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs)

MEMBRANE AND WATER TREATMENT 2012年第1期3卷 1-23页

作者： Visvanathan, Chettiyappan Abeynayaka, Amila Environmental Engineering and Management Program School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology

The coupling of anaerobic biological process and membrane separation could provide excellent suspended solids removal and better biomass retention for wastewater treatment. This coupling improves the biological treatment process while allowing for the recovery of energy through biogas. This review gives a basic description of the anaerobic wastewater treatment process, summarizes the state of the art of anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs), and describes the current research trends and needs for the development of AnMBRs. The research interest on AnMBR has grown over the conventional anaerobic processes such as upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB). Studies on AnMBRs have developed different reactor configurations to enhance performances. The AnMBR performances have achieved comparable status to other high rate anaerobic reactors. AnMBR is highly suitable for application with thermophilic anaerobic process to enhance performances. Studies indicate that the applications of AnMBR are not only limited to the high strength industrial wastewater treatment, but also for the municipal wastewater treatment. In recent years, there is a significant progress in the membrane fouling studies, which is a major concern in AnMBR application.

关键词： anaerobic membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment research development membrane fouling high rate thermophilic process

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Ecological Models Reveal a Weakened Population Structure, and Distribution Drivers of Osyris lanceolata (Santalaceae) in the Karamoja Sub-Region, Uganda

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Open Journal of Ecology 2025年第2期15卷 153-173页

作者： Ben Belden Mugula Samuel Kuria Kiboi James Ireri Kanya Harald Meimberg Manuel Curto Paul Okullo Anthony Egeru Jenipher Biira Salamula Stephen F. Omondi Department of Biology Faculty of Science and Technology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Bugema University Kampala Uganda Institute of Integrative Nature Conservation Research Department of Ecosystem Management Climate and Biodiversity BOKU University Vienna Austria BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land Planning CIBIO Campus de Vairo Vairo Portugal National Fisheries Resources Research Institute National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) Jinja Uganda College of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda Institute of Development Policy (IOB) University of Antwerp Antwerp Belgium Kenya Forestry Research Institute Nairobi Kenya

Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and environmental factors influencing its distribution in the semi-arid Karamoja sub-region, Uganda. We surveyed 388 plots (5 m radius) at different altitudes, recording life stages, stem diameters, and regeneration patterns, and analyzed soil samples. Multivariate analyses, including Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), and Multiple Regression Modeling (MRM), identified key environmental factors affecting its distribution. Findings show that O. lanceolata populations in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat districts are severely degraded due to overexploitation. The species is primarily regenerating through coppicing rather than seedlings, with an exploitation intensity of 56.6%. Population densities are low, distribution is irregular, and sustainable harvesting is not viable. Soil properties, particularly Ca2+, N, P, K+, Na+, and organic matter, significantly influence its abundance. Conservation efforts should focus on identifying suitable provenances for genetic preservation and plantation establishment. Areas with at least 9 trees per hectare in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat could serve as potential sites for ex-situ plantations. Further research should explore how biotic interactions, genetic diversity, and morphology affect oil yield and quality to support restoration, breeding, and domestication initiatives.

关键词： Plant Ecology Hemiparasites Edaphic Drivers Ecological Modelling Multivariate Analysis Essential Oils “R”

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Health implication among occupational exposed workers in a chromium alloy factory, Thailand

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2004年第2期16卷 181-186页

作者： S. Muttamara Shing Tet Leong Research Lab Supervisor Urban Environmental Engineering and Management Program School of EnvironmentResources and DevelopmentAsian Institute of Technology G.P.O. Box 4Klong LuangResearch Lab SupervisorUrban Environmental Engineering and Management Program School of EnvironmentResources and DevelopmentAsian Institute of Technology G.P.O. Box 4Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 ThailandPathumthani 12120 Thailand

This study was conducted to assess the occupational exposure and its health impact on the chromium alloy workers. environmental and biological monitoring, noise and audiometry measurements were done to evaluate the exposure levels in the factory. A total of 112 non-smoking workers were monitored from July 2001 to August 2002 The results showed that most of the chromium and lead exposures in the factory were below the ACGIH-TWA of 50 μg/m 3 for chromium(Ⅵ) and OSHA-PEL of 50 μg/m 3 for lead. The highest chromium(7 25±0 16 μg/m 3) and lead(14 50±0 29 μg/m 3) concentrations were measured in the vibro room. The results indicated that elevated concentrations of chromium and lead were found in both blood and urine samples especially in those areas which were characterized by poor ventilation. The metal contents in blood and urine samples were significantly correlated with airborne metal concentrations in the factory. The result demonstrated that blood and urinary levels among workers were associated with increasing age and duration of exposure. The background noise level of the factory ranged from 67 6 to 89 2 dBA and was frequently higher than the threshold limit value for noise(90 dBA). According to the audiometric test, the exposed workers showed signs of noise-induced hearing loss. Noise at work continued to be an important factor to hearing loss among exposed workers. In our statistical analysis, a significant hearing loss was established on age effect and year of exposure among the workforce.

关键词： chromium and lead exposure electroplating environmental and biological monitoring audiometry measurement

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The impact of land tenure on deforestation and reforestation in Quilombola territories from 1985 to 2020 in Brazil

World Development Sustainability

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World development Sustainability 2025年 6卷

作者： Benzeev, Rayna Bráz, Cauê Lyons, Colleen Scanlan Newton, Peter Department of Environmental Studies University of Colorado Boulder Sustainability Energy and Environment Community 4001 Discovery Drive Boulder 80303 CO United States Department of Environmental Sciences Policy and Management University of California Berkeley CA United States Energy and Resources Group University of California Berkeley CA United States Faculty of Economic Sciences Graduate Program in Rural Development Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. João Pessoa 31. Porto Alegre Brazil Environment and Society Program Institute of Behavioral Science University of Colorado Boulder 483 UCB Boulder 80309 CO United States

Land tenure for Indigenous peoples and local communities in forested areas can improve livelihoods and protect forests while recognizing territorial and human rights. Yet little is known about the relationship between land tenure and deforestation within Quilombola territories (QTs) of Afro-descendant populations in Brazil. Understanding these relationships is important given that only 176 of the more than 5,900 QTs have been recognized with legal land tenure rights throughout Brazil. In this study, we conducted a difference-in-differences analysis to estimate the average treatment effect of land tenure on rates of deforestation, reforestation, and net forest cover change from 1985 to 2020 in 313 QTs across all of Brazil as well as 104 more specifically in the Brazilian Amazon and 81 in the Atlantic Forest biome. We additionally tested changes in forest outcomes before and after an earlier stage of the tenure process (incomplete tenure). We found no evidence that formalized land tenure had influenced forest outcomes in QTs. As the first rigorous analysis of the effect of formalized tenure specifically in QTs, our study also reveals several primary knowledge and data gaps relating to Quilombolas. We emphasize the need for much more data to be systematically collected and disseminated on QTs, as well as the need for more research to be conducted to fully understand how tenure influences forest cover in QTs. We highlight that there are considerable opportunities to improve the state of research and understanding about rights, tenure, and forest conservation among Quilombolas, as an important but largely-overlooked (in terms of research) category of traditional peoples in Brazil. We additionally contribute to a growing body of literature on the role of rights-based approaches to conservation. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Afro-descendant communities Land rights Land use and land cover change Quilombolas Territory Tropical forests

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Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors associated with residential natural hazard risk

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 977卷 179335页

作者： Lawrence, Kaitlyn G. Sweeney, Marina R. Werder, Emily J. Zuzak, Casey Gall, Melanie Emrich, Christopher T. Buller, Ian D. Jackson, W. Braxton Chen, Dazhe Christenbury, Kate E. Engel, Lawrence S. Sandler, Dale P. Epidemiology Branch National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Research Triangle Park NC United States Social & Scientific Systems Inc. a DLH Holdings Company DurhamNC United States Natural Hazards Risk Assessment Program Federal Emergency Management Agency WashingtonDC United States School of Community Resources and Development Watts College of Public Service and Community Solutions Arizona State University United States National Center for Integrated Coastal Research University of Central Florida FL United States Department of Epidemiology UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health NC United States

Background: Specific natural hazards are associated with increased chronic disease risk. Less is known about the impact of living in regions with elevated natural hazards risk. Objective: We evaluated cross-sectional associations between predicted residential natural hazard risk and CVD-related risk factors. Methods: We used data from the Gulf Long-term Follow-up Study, a prospective cohort enrolled following the Deepwater Horizon disaster (N = 32,608). We evaluated diabetes prevalence among 29,714 participants who provided enrollment data on self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes. In separate analyses, we evaluated obesity and hypertension using data from 10,727 home visit participants with measured height, weight, and blood pressure. We linked geocoded residential enrollment and home visit addresses to the National Risk Index (NRI, 1960–2020), a monetized risk score that quantifies overall and hazard-specific risk at the census-tract level. Modified Poisson regression estimated prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between quartiles of overall and natural hazard-specific risks and prevalence of diabetes, hypertension (systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg or antihypertensive medication use), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2). Results: The highest quartile of overall NRI was associated with hypertension (Q4 vs. Q1 PR:1.16[1.09,1.24]) but not diabetes or obesity. All quartiles of hurricane risk were associated with higher diabetes prevalence (PR1.33 to 1.36). Increasing quartiles of heatwave risk were associated with increasing prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, with PRs 1.23[1.09,1.38], 1.12[1.04,1.19] and 1.09[1.03,1.16] for Q4 vs. Q1, respectively. Conclusion: Residing in areas prone to natural disasters is associated with higher prevalence of key cardiovascular disease risk factors. © 2025

关键词： Blood pressure

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A multidisciplinary approach to authentic learning experiences for nature-based solutions design: broadening the monkey cheeks

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Australasian Journal of Engineering Education 2022年第1期27卷 47-63页

作者： Irvine, Kim Likitswat, Fa Suwanarit, Asan Koottatep, Thammarat Faculty of Architecture and Planning Thammasat University Khlong Luang Thailand School of Energy Resources and Development Environmental Engineering and Management Program Asian Institute of Technology Khlong Luang Thailand

Students in a Landscape Architecture studio at Thammasat University and an environmental Engineering class at Asian Institute of Technology joined to develop and assess Nature-based Solution designs for a pond/wetland system in peri-urban Bangkok. The Landscape Architecture class first developed their design visions and subsequently their designs were introduced to the Engineering students through on-line presentations and collaborative on-site investigations. The Engineering students used combinations of water quality sampling, static calculations, and application of a conceptual, dynamic urban hydrology model to assess design performance. The Engineering students effectively incorporated some aspects of the architectural designs into their assessments, particularly those related to constructed wetlands for water quality improvement. Application of the dynamic model for water quantity assessments and provision of project cost estimates proved more challenging. Course evaluations indicated that students in both classes gained a better appreciation of the multidisciplinary process necessary for successful water resource planning, but also would prefer even greater interaction between the disciplines. Planned pedagogical improvements, including introduction of Steinitz’ Framework for Theory, are discussed. ©, Engineers Australia.

关键词： Students

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A glance at the world

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Waste management 2013年第12期33卷 2811-2815页

作者： Shaida, Mohammed Noor Kashyap, Prakriti Visvanathan, Chettiyappan Civil Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Herat University Afghanistan Environmental Engineering and Management Program School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology Pathumthani Thailand

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An environmental approach for used oil management in Asian cities: a Bangkok's experience

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2003年第6期15卷 734-743页

作者： SHING TET LEONG PREECHA LAORTANAKUL Urban Environmental Engineering and Management Program School of Environment Resources and Development Asian Institute of Technology G.P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang Pathumthani 12120 ThailandMailing address: 216 Soi Satsana 5 Phya Thai Bangkok 10400 Thailand

This paper addresses increasing concern about the pollution threat of used oil being illegally dumped and the impact of oil on air pollution and freshwater ecosystems in Asian countries. Used oil is a very serious waste management problem. These results call for management action such as maximising the collection and recovery of used oil. The Thai government recognizes the need to recycle used oil and has been active in encouraging programs to accomplish this goal. Thus unless new approaches and incentives are developed, used oil generation may become an increasing serious problem to our environment. The purpose of this study is to examine the technical and economic feasibility, of recycling used oils. In addition, this paper briefly discusses the problems to be overcome and outlines potential mechanisms for providing the necessary disposal controls in order to maximize the protection to public health and environmental quality from potential hazards posed by used lube oil disposal.

关键词： Bangkok health effects oil pollution recycling used oil collection

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Dredging influenced sediment toxicity of endosulfan and lindane on black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon Fabricius) in Chantaburi River estuary in Thailand

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2009年第4期24卷 455-464页

作者： Jayakody Arachchige SUMITH Preeda PARKPIAN Napaporn LEADPRATHOM Environmental Engineering and Management Program School of EnvironmentResources and DevelopmentAsian Institute of Technology Current affiliation:Office of the Registrar of Pesticides Department of Agriculture Department of Biology University of New Brunswick Faculty of Marine Technology Burapha university (Chantaburi Campus)

Series of experiments, including background sediment elutriate, spiked-sediment elutriate and spiked- water toxicity tests, were carried out to study the effect of dredging on survivability and ecological competence of commercially important shrimp postlarvae of Penaeus monodon Fabricius. The test sediment represented the most contaminated from endosulfan and lindane in the Chantaburi river mouth estuary. The maximum sediment contamination levels were 49.4 μg/kg of endosulfan and 58.1 μg/kg of lindane in dry weight basis. Dose-response studies in static, non-renewal spiked-sediment elutriate toxicity tests revealed that LC 50 (96 h) values for survival effect based on measured concentrations were 0.50 (0.26-0.95) μg/L for endosulfan and 0.92 (0.63-1.34) μg/L for lindane. The LOECs for endosulfan and lindane were 0.141 and 0.429 μg/L, respectively. The NOECs were estimated to be the dissoluted endosulfan and lindane concentrations from the Chantaburi estuary sediment. The effects on phenoloxidase enzyme activity in shrimp postlarvae exposed for sub-lethal to lethal doses in sediment elutriate were not significant (p>0.05) at all tested dose levels. The worst case dissolution concentrations of endosulfan and lindane in the water column upon simulatory dredging in the Chantaburi estuary were found to be toxic to shrimp postlarvae on lethal and sub-lethal effects. The NOECs of respective chemicals (i.e., 0.034 and 0.16 μg/L) shared the same orders of magnitude for corresponding NOECs established for whole salt water aquatic life by the USEPA and "safe" levels calculated by 0.01 safety factor approach. In addition, the significance of multiple pollutant assessments for ecological toxicity testing is highlighted.

关键词： Acute toxicity Dredging Elutriate Endosulfan Lindane Penaeus monodon Phenoloxidase

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Geographic Variation of Rice Yield Response to Past Climate Change in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第7期13卷 1586-1598页

作者： YANG Jie XIONG Wei YANG Xiao-guang CAO Yang FENG Ling-zhi College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Ecosystems Services and Management Program Laxenburg 2361 Austria Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL 32600-0570 USA

Previous studies demonstrated climate change had reduced rice yield in China, but the magnitude of the reduction and the spatial variations of the impact have remained in controversy to date. Based on a gridded daily weather dataset, we found there were obvious changes in temperatures, diurnal temperature range, and radiation during the rice-growing season from 1961 to 2010 in China. These changes resulted in a signiifcant decline of simulated national rice yield （simulated with CERES-Rice）, with a magnitude of 11.5%. However, changes in growing-season radiation and diurnal temperature range, not growing-season temperatures, contributed most to the simulated yield reduction, which conifrmed previous estimates by empirical studies. Yield responses to changes of the climatic variables varied across different rice production areas. In rice production areas with the mean growing-season temperature at 12-14＆#176;C and above 20＆#176;C, a 1＆#176;C growing-season warming decreased rice yield by roughly 4%. This decrease was partly attributed to increased heat stresses and shorter growth period under the warmer climate. In some rice areas of the southern China and the Yangtze River Basin where the rice growing-season temperature was greater than 20＆#176;C, decrease in the growing-season radiation partly interpreted the widespread yield decline of the simulation, suggesting the signiifcant negative contribution of recent global dimming on rice production in China＇s main rice areas. Whereas in the northern rice production areas with relatively low growing-season temperature, decrease of the diurnal temperature range was identiifed as the main climatic contributor for the decline of simulated rice yield, with larger decreasing magnitude under cooler areas.

关键词： climate change yield responses rice China

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