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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： O'Connor, Kevin Amos, Daniel Bailey, Tori Garrison, Lari Lichtenstein, Gary Loshbaugh, Heidi Jones, Marcus Seward, Derek Perhamus, Lisa Stevens, Reed University of Rochester United States Department of Human Development University of Rochester's Warner Graduate School of Education and Human Development United States University of Washington United States Chinese Studies Program Clark Atlanta University United States Department of Educational Psychology University of Washington United States Stanford University United States Center for Design Research Mechanical Engineering Department Stanford University United States Department of Engineering Stanford University United States Colorado School of Mines United States Center for the Advancement of Engineering Education Colorado School of Mines United States CSM's Center for Engineering Education Howard University United States Center for Advancement of Engineering Education Department of Counseling and Human Development University of Rochester's Warner Graduate School of Education and Human Development United States Department of Teaching and Curriculum University of Rochester's Warner Graduate School of Education and Human Development United States College of Education University of Washington United States

Recent educational theory emphasizes the importance of considering identity processes in studying learning and development. In engineering education, identity has been cited as central in student development, for example, as a key factor in retention of students in the discipline, in particular with regard to underrepresented groups. This paper adopts a social theory of identity to examine how dynamics of "sponsorship" relates to students' decisions of whether to remain in or switch out of engineering. This paper draws on longitudinal case studies of two students to examine the relationship between students' interests and their decisions to persist in or leave their major. We argue that students' interests become differentially identified as "intrinsic" or "extrinsic" to engineering through the work of powerful sponsors within the discipline. We argue further that a view of identity as socially produced is necessary in order to avoid taking for granted crucial aspects of disciplinary practices of identifying engineers, and in particular ways in which certain kinds of interests might be sponsored over and above others. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2007.

关键词： Engineering education

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The interplay of public and private spaces in internet access

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Information Communication and Society 2006年第5期9卷 633-656页

作者： Viseu, Ana Clement, Andrew Aspinall, Jane Kennedy, Tracy L. M. Department of Science and Technology Studies Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Department of Science and Technology Studies Cornell University 311 Rockefeller Hall Ithaca NY 14853 United States Faculty of Information Studies University of Toronto Information Policy Research Program Toronto Ont. Canada Collaborative Graduate Program in Knowledge Media Design Canada Information Policy Research Program Faculty of Information Studies University of Toronto Toronto Ont. M5S 3G6 140 St George St Canada Graduate Department of Sociology University of Toronto St. Catherine's Ont. M5S 2J4 725 Spadina Avenue Canada

The creation of public internet access facilities is one of the principal policy instruments adopted by governments in addressing 'digital divide' issues. The lack of plans for ongoing funding, in North America at least, suggests that this mode is regarded mainly as transitional, with private, home-based access being perceived as superior. The assumption apparently is that as domestic internet penetration rates rise, public access facilities will no longer be needed. Central to this issue are the varied characteristics of publicly provided and privately owned access sites and their implications for non-employment internet activities. What are the relative advantages and disadvantages of these two access modes? More fundamentally, how do people conceptualize public and private spaces and how does this perception influence their online activities? Finally, why do people choose one over the other, and how do they navigate between the two? This article attempts to answer these questions by drawing on data generated within the Everyday Internet Project, a 'neighborhood ethnography' of internet usage. It argues that the conventional view of private and public access facilities as immiscible, fixed alternatives is inadequate. Rather than 'pure' types, they are better understood as offering hybrid spaces whose identity and character are fluid, perceived differently by individuals in light of the activities being performed, life experiences, infrastructure and architecture. The picture emerging from our study is one where public and private access modes intertwine with each other in a variety of ways, their combination offering significant additional value for many users. From a public policy perspective, these findings suggest that if universal access is to be achieved, there is a continuing need for publicly supported broad-spectrum facilities with integrated technical support and learning opportunities, even if domestic penetration rates approach that of the telephone. ©

关键词： Digital divides Internet access and use Internet policy Neighborhood ethnography Spatial hybridity

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A genetic algorithm for the optimization of cable routing

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Systems and Computers in Japan 2006年第7期37卷 61-71页

作者： Ma, Xuan Iida, Kazuhiro Xie, Mengchun Nishino, Junji Odaka, Tomohiro Ogura, Hisakazu Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui Fukui City 910-8507 Japan Wakayama National College of Technology Gobo City 644-0023 Japan Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering Xi an University of Technology B Techno College Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wakayama National College of Technology Information Processing Society of Japan China Mechanical Design Society Department of Systems Engineering University of Electro-Communications Japan Society for Fuzzy Theory and Intelligent Informatics Japanese Academy of Facial Studies Japan Society of Kansei Engineering Graduate Program of Nuclear Power and Energy Safety Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Fukui University IEEE CS ACM IPSJ IEICE JSMBET Department of Human and Artificial Intelligent Systems JSAI Japan SOFT IEEE

In this paper the authors propose a structural method for a genetic algorithm (GA) for the optimization problem of cable routing in which cables have to be laid optimally. When there are no limits on the layout routes, the optimal routes for the individual cables can be found using the Dijkstra method in a finite discrete graph. However, when there are limits on the capacity in the layout routes, optimization cannot be performed using the Dijkstra method. The proposed GA is a two-level hierarchical GA that uses chromosome coding involving two levels. The routes for each cable and the combinations of cable routes are defined respectively, and layout route selection is optimized overall through genetic operations involving these levels. Block crossover and block mutation are used as genetic operations in the first level. In addition, a method to take advantage of lethal genes, which do not satisfy the constraints and are generated in the second level is used. Computer simulations confirm that the two-level hierarchical GA with these genetic operations functions effectively for the optimization problem of cable routing. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Electric cable laying

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Towards a new fault diagnosis system for electric machines based on dynamic probabilistic models

Towards a new fault diagnosis system for electric machines b...

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2005 American Control Conference, ACC

作者： Flores-Quintanilla, José Leonardo Morales-Menéndez, Rubén Ramírez-Mendoza, Ricardo A. Garza-Castañón, Luis E. Cantú-Ortiz, Francisco J. Mechatronics Program Office ITESM San Luis Campus México Center for Innovation in Design and Technology ITESM Monterrey Campus México Mechatronics Program Office ITESM Monterrey Campus México Department of Mechatronics ITESM Monterrey Campus México Research and Graduate Studies Office ITESM Monterrey Campus México

This paper presents a new approach to diagnose faults in electrical systems based on probabilistic modelling and machine learning techniques. Our framework consist of two phases: an approximated diagnosis on the first phase and a refined diagnosis on the second phase. On the first phase the system behavior is modelled with a Dynamic Bayesian Network that generates a subset of most likely faulty components. In this phase the structure and parameters of the Dynamic Bayesian Network are learned off-line from raw data (discrete and continuous). On the second phase a Particle Filter algorithm is used to monitor suspicious components and extract the faulty components. The feasibility of this approach has been tested in a simulation environment using several interconnected electrical machines. © 2005 AACC.

关键词： Electric machinery

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Neural nets modelling for automotive welding process

Neural nets modelling for automotive welding process

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16th IASTED International Conference on Modelling and Simulation

作者： Mendoza, Ricardo A. Ramírez Morales-Menéndez, Rubén Cantú-Ortiz, Francisco J. Mechatronics Engineering Program ITESM Monterrey Campus Av. E. Garza Sada # 2501 64849 Monterrey NL Mexico Center for Innovation in Design and Technology ITESM Monterrey Campus Av. E. Garza Sada# 2501 64849 Monterrey NL Mexico Graduate Studies Office ITESM Monterrey Campus Av. E. Garza Sada # 2501 64849 Monterrey NL Mexico

In this paper the authors study the applicability of Artificial Neural Networks for the modelling of a widely used particular welding process in automotive industry: pulsed gas metal welding process (GMAW-P). Applying this artificial intelligence technology requires the introduction of input and output data to the network. To achieve this, an experiment was designed and performed. The main functions of the proposed model are: to simulate the process for purposes of training operators;to improve welding process performance by identifying regions that are insensible to variations on input parameters;and finally to increase the flexibility of a robotic welding cell. The concrete benefits obtained from the GMAW-P process model development are: optimization of critical variables of the welding process, support for development of virtual process and prototypes, definition of a robust welding procedure, quick response to product change and support in welding training.

关键词： Welding

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Towards a new fault diagnosis system for electric machines based on dynamic probabilistic models

Towards a new fault diagnosis system for electric machines b...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： J.L. Flores-Quintanilla R. Morales-Menendez R.A. Ramirez-Mendoza L.E. Garza-Castanon F.J. Cantu-Ortiz ITESM Mexico Mechatronics Program Office ITESM San Luis Campus México ITESM Monterrey Campus Center for Innovation in Design and Technology México Mechatronics Program Office ITESM Monterrey Campus México Department of Mechatronics ITESM Monterrey Campus México Research and Graduate Studies Office ITESM Monterrey Campus México

This paper presents a new approach to diagnose faults in electrical systems based on probabilistic modelling and machine learning techniques. Our framework consist of two phases: an approximated diagnosis on the first phase and a refined diagnosis on the second phase. On the first phase the system behavior is modelled with a dynamic Bayesian network that generates a subset of most likely faulty components. In this phase the structure and parameters of the dynamic Bayesian network are learned off-line from raw data (discrete and continuous). On the second phase a particle filter algorithm is used to monitor suspicious components and extract the faulty components. The feasibility of this approach has been tested in a simulation environment using several interconnected electrical machines.

关键词： Fault diagnosis Electric machines Uncertainty Fault detection Bayesian methods Power system modeling Mechatronics Signal analysis Machine learning Data mining

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The Social Affordances of the Internet for Networked Individualism

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Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 2006年第3期8卷

作者： Barry Wellman Anabel Quan-Haase Jeffrey Boase Wenhong Chen Keith Hampton Isabel Díaz Kakuko Miyata In 1965 moved from his Bronx High School of Science slide rule to IBM cards and an 029 keypunch in the bowels of Harvard University. Since then he's been primarily interested in the interplay between large-scale social processes and how people use technology to be connected at work and in the community. His NetLab research network is trying to get a handle on how the Internet fits into everyday life. Wellman founded the International Network for Social Network Analysis in 1976. He is a recent Chair of the Community section of the American Sociological Association has been nominated for the Chair of the Communication and Information Technology section of the ASA the Virtual Community focus area leader for SIGGROUP/ACM and a Executive Cmmittee member of the Association for Internet Researchers. Wellman's (co)edited books are: Social Structures: A Network Approach (2d ed CSPI 2003) Networks in the Global Village (Westview Press 1999) and The Internet in Everyday Life (Blackwell Publishers 2002). Address:Centre for Urban & Community Studies University of Toronto 455 Spadina Avenue Toronto Canada M5S 2G8. Fax: +1-416-978-7162 Address:Centre for Urban & Community Studies University of Toronto 455 Spadina Avenue Toronto M5S 2G8 Canada. Address:Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Mass. Ave. Room 9-522 Cambridge MA 02139. Address:IN3 Av. Tibidabo 47 08035 Barcelona Spain. Phone: +*** Fax: +***. Address:Department of Sociology Meiji Gakuin University 1-2-37 Shirokanedai Minato-ku Tokyo 108-8636 JAPAN. Phone: +81-3-5421-5565 Fax: +81-3-5421-5697. Doctoral student at the Faculty of Information Studies University of Toronto. She has been a Fellow of the Knowledge Media Design Institute and the McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology. Her articles address the nature of Internet-related social change for social integration and information flow. Her articles have examined the implications of these changes for communities and her thesis focuses on organizations. University of Toronto doctoral

We review the evidence from a number of surveys in which our NetLab has been involved about the extent to which the Internet is transforming or enhancing community. The studies show that the Internet is used for connectivity locally as well as globally, although the nature of its use varies in different countries. Internet use is adding on to other forms of communication, rather than replacing them. Internet use is reinforcing the pre-existing turn to societies in the developed world that are organized around networked individualism rather than group or local solidarities. The result has important implications for civic involvement.

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Applied maintenance and logistics options in the warfighters 21st century operational engineering environment

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2003年第1期115卷 31-55页

作者： Flynn, JE Bryant, RE RUSSELL E. BRYANT is the leader for future decoy development in the Surface Electronic Warfare Systems Program Office Program Executive Office for Theater Surface Combatants. In 2000 he was selected as “Outstanding Alumni for Organizational Contribution” Executive Potential Program Leadership Development Academy USDA Graduate School. He is a retired reserve lieutenant commander commissioned in 1976 from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute NROTC program with a bachelors of engineering in nuclear engineering and minor in history and political science. He graduated in 1997 from the Naval War College College of Naval Command and Staff through the Non-Resident Seminar Program. He graduated in 1999 from the USDA Graduate School Leadership Development Academy Executive Potential Program. He is a member of the Defense Leadership and Management Program (DLAMP) 2000 Cohort. He is currently completing a one year rotation in the Office of Technology Transition of the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition Technology and Logistics). JOHN E. FLYNN is a captain in the naval reserve and has completed his fourth command tour. He recently served as the battle force operations and engineering leader for PEO Theater Surface Combatants participation in Joint and service wargames exercises and experiments. Previously he was the first head of modeling and simulation in the AEGIS Program Office where he pioneered the use of distributed modeling and simulation. He served at NSWC White Oak as head of the system design and technical direction agent groups for the MK 116 Mod 7 ASW control system. He graduated from Villanova University and was commissioned via NROTC. He served sea duty aboard USS Forrestal (CV-59) and USS Coontz (DDG-40).He has a BS in computer science from the University of Maryland. He graduated with highest distinction from the Naval War College. He completed Old Dominion University's strategic studies graduate program. He is a Catholic University Law School graduate and member of the Maryland Bar.

As the current review of Department of Defense (DOD) structures, capabilities, and plaits are coming to completion and moving into implementation phases, a focus to maintain is the delivery of mission capabilities for the front line warfighters. The mission capabilities packages are supported by the material, and also by the materiel support process, which includes not only the hardware, but more importantly the people, training, maintenance and support, and the doctrine, concepts of operations, tactics, techniques, and procedures for the material. Following an updated discussion on operational engineering, this paper expands the authors' concept of operational engineering, to several applied logistics options and discussions in support of rapid decisive operations. It finishes with an introductory discussion of a logistics commander operational planning tool, which potentially can support and enable generation of rapid decisive operations. This tool could assist combatant commanders and their warfighters to operate inside the decision cycle of opponents on the front lines. Further, the concepts addressed align with the Quadrennial Defense Review 2001 task: to "Provide sufficient mobility, including airlift, sealift, prepositioning, basing infrastructure, alternative points of debarkation, and new logistical concepts of operations, to conduct expeditionary operations in distant theaters against adversaries armed with weapons of mass destruction and other means to deny access to U.S. forces" [emphasis added](QDR 2001).

关键词： Military equipment

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Survey of reduced workload and crewing strategies for ocean patrol vessels

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2001年第2期113卷 29-44页

作者： Baker, C Krull, R Snyder, G Lincoln, W Malone, TB Clifford C. Baker CIE CHFEP is a senior staff scientist at Carlow International Incorporated. He has applied most of his 24 years of experience in the application of human engineering technology to maritime systems. Mr. Baker has directed much of Carlow's efforts to reduce ship workload and to improve human performance and maritime safety through application of human factors methods and data. He is a Certified Industrial Ergonomist (CIE) as well as a Certified Human Factors Engineering Professional (CHFEP). Both certifications were granted by Oxford Research where Mr. Baker also serves as an Advisory Board member. Russell D. Krull P.E. is a senior engineer with A&T/Proteus Engineering with more than 18 years of experi-ence in marine engineering naval architecture and program management including 16 years of active duty in the U.S. Coast Guard. Recent experience includes advanced ship design studies engineering software development technical support for the USMC Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle propulsion systems analyses ship structural engineering and cargo handling systems engineering. Mr. Krull has an M.S.E. in naval architecture and marine engineering and an M.S.E. in industrial and operations engineering from University of Michigan and a B.S. in ocean engineering from the U.S. Coast Guard Academy. Capt. Glenn L. Snyder USCG. Regrettably since this paper was originally written Capt. Snyder has passed away. At the time of his death he was an operations specialist assigned to the Coast Guard's Deepwater Capabilities Replacement Project as Chief of Human Systems Integration. He served as commanding officer of the patrol boat Cape George (WPB-95306) the icebreaking tug Biscayne Bay (WTGB-104) and the cutter Legare (WMEC-911). A 1975 graduate of the U.S. Coast Guard Academy Capt. Snyder held an M.A. in national security and strategic studies from the U.S. Naval War College and an M.A. in international relations from Salve Regina College. In addition he was a 1998 fellow of the Foreign Service

The U.S. Coast Guard is in the concept exploration phase of its Integrated Deepwater System (IDS) acquisition project. This project will define the next generation of surface, air and command, control, communications, computers, intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (C4ISR) assets used to perform the Coast Guard's missions in the IDS environment (>50 NM off the U. S. coastline). As part of early technology investigations, the needs exist to: (1) analyze the workload requirements of the IDS, (2) identify alternative means to perform ship's work, and (3) optimize ship manning consistent with ship workload, performance criteria, and the available tools and equipment aboard. To reduce shipboard work requires an understanding of the mission and support requirements placed on the vessel and crew, how these requirements are currently met, and how requirements might otherwise be met to reduce workload and crew size. This study examined currently implemented workload and manpower reducing approaches of commercial maritime fleets, U.S. and foreign navies, and foreign coastguards. These approaches were analyzed according to evaluation criteria approved by the IDS acquisition project team. From this, strategies for shipboard work reduction that may be considered for adoption by the IDS were identified and analyzed according to performance and costs factors. Ten workload-reducing strategies were identified: damage control, bridge, multiple crewing, engineering, risk acceptance, modularity, deck, enabling technologies, ship/personnel readiness, and operability and maintainability.

关键词： Naval vessels

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Seeing through the fog - Attaining 'full spectrum dominance' with the system-of-systems through operational engineering

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2000年第4期112卷 101-119页

作者： Bryant, RE Flynn, JE Russell Bryant:is the leader for future decoy development in the Surface Electronic Warfare Systems Program Office Program Executive Office for Theater Surface Combatants. Previously he served as CVN Ship Life Cycle Manager in the Aircraft Carrier Program Office Naval Sea Systems Command. He is a retired reserve Lieutenant Commander with surface warfare nuclear power and naval control of shipping/convoy qualifications. He was commissioned 1976 from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute NROTC program with a bachelor of engineering degree in nuclear engineering and minor in history and political science. His active duty service includes USS Mississippi (CGN 40) USS South Carolina (CGN 37) USS Texas (CGN 39) Commander Naval Surface Force Atlantic Fleet (Readiness and Training) staff and Commander Naval Air Force Pacific Fleet (Ship's Material) staff. He graduated in 1997 from the Naval War College College of Naval Command and Staff through the Non-Resident Seminar Program. He graduated in 1998 from the USDA Graduate School Leadership Development Academy Executive Potential Program. John Flynn:is the battle force operations and engineering leader for PEO Theater Surface Combatant participation in service and joint war games exercises and experiments. Previously he was the first head of modeling and simulation (M&S) in the AEGIS Program Office where he pioneered the use of distributed M&S. He previously served at NSWC White Oak as head of system design and technical direction agent groups for the MK 116 Mod 7 ASW Control System. He graduated from Villanova University and was commissioned via NROTC in 1974. He served on sea duty aboard USS Forrestal (CV 59) and USS Coontz (DDG 40). He is a Captain in the Naval Reserve serving a third command tour. He has a BS in computer science from the University of Maryland graduated with highest distinction from the Naval War College and completed the Strategic Studies Program at Old Dominion University. He is a graduate of The Catholic University Columbus School

Many discussions and articles address the business and military changes supporting implementation of Joint Vision 2010 and its system-of-systems approach. The dynamics of international military operations and commitments, coupled with accelerating information technologies, can lead to confusion and uncertainty Customary rules recommend caution, even stopping, when confusion and uncertainty are present, yet the needed changes counsel toward accelerated efforts. Currently, systems engineering does not completely address delivering "operational war fighting capabilities," or foster commanders' confidence to fully exploit those capabilities upon delivery. Acquisition reform supports accelerating delivery of systems. likewise, accelerated delivery of "war fighting capabilities" within any opponents' fielding and deployment cycle is imperative. Technical advances in modeling and simulation, utilization concepts, and innovative evaluation methods create an opportunity to facilitate codevelopment of doctrine, operations, and training prior to producing hardware systems. On-line simulation and evaluation tools can overcome the need for physical systems. Specifically, this paper lays out the opportunity to evolve systems engineering to another level, operational engineering, which leverages from the modeling and simulation environment, prior to hardware production. That modeling and simulation paired with coevolution of procedures and on-line analysis will produce a trained customer base, fully prepared for deliveries of "operational war fighting capabilities".

关键词： Warships

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