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Enhancing Automated Microorganism Classification: A Study on the Influence of Compression, Non-Uniform Scaling, and Data Augmentation Using Deep Learning

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Boukouvalas, Dimitria Theophanis Bissaco, Márcia A.S. Dellê, Humberto Deana, Alessandro M. Belan, Peterson A. de Araújo, Sidnei Alves Universidade Nove de Julho Informatics and Knowledge Management Graduate Program Rua Vergueiro 235/249 SP São Paulo01504-001 Brazil Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program Av. Dr. Cândido Xavier de Almeida e Souza 200 Mogi das Cruzes SP São Paulo08780-911 Brazil Universidade Nove de Julho Medicine Graduate Program Rua Vergueiro 235/249 SP São Paulo01504-001 Brazil

With the advent of "Laboratory 4.0", a concept that represents the recent technological breakthroughs in laboratory automation, there is an increasing demand for solutions that can automate, standardize, and enhance the accuracy and speed of microorganism classification. One promising approach is the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a powerful deep learning technique that has shown significant results in biomedical image analysis. However, its application in microorganism classification is still nascent mainly due to the unavailability of extensive datasets, which is a basic requirement to ensure generalization ability in learning CNNs. This study aims to fill a significant gap in the literature by exploring the influence of factors such as image compression, non-uniform scaling, and data augmentation on the performance of CNNs, specifically when using small image datasets of microorganisms. We focus on two CNN architectures, AlexNet and DenseNet-121, which have shown promising results in previous microorganism classification studies. Our experiments reveal that certain factors like the type of data compression and non-uniform scaling applied to the images can negatively impact the performance of CNNs. On the other hand, data augmentation techniques such as mirroring, rotation, and noise addition can enhance their performance. By utilizing training datasets and optimized parameters based on our findings, we were able to achieve classification accuracies of 98.61% and 99.82% with AlexNet and DenseNet-121, respectively, surpassing the results reported in current state-of-the-art studies. This research has significant implications for Laboratory 4.0, potentially reducing dataset preparation and CNN training time, lowering computational costs, and improving the consistency and accuracy of microorganism classification. It paves the way for more efficient and accurate microorganism classification methods in automated laboratories. © 2024, The Authors. All righ

关键词： Classification (of information)

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Near-Optimal Pilot Assignment in Cell-Free Massive MIMO

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Guedes, Raphael M. de Rezende, José F. Barbosa, Valmir C. Informatics and Computer Science Department State University of Rio de Janeiro RJ Rio de Janeiro20550-900 Brazil Systems Engineering and Computer Science Program Federal University of Rio de Janeiro RJ Rio de Janeiro21941-914 Brazil Graduate Program in Computational Sciences State University of Rio de Janeiro RJ Rio de Janeiro20550-900 Brazil

Cell-free massive MIMO systems are currently being considered as potential enablers of future (6G) technologies for wireless communications. By combining distributed processing and massive MIMO, they are expected to deliver improved user coverage and efficiency. A possible source of performance degradation in such systems is pilot contamination, which contributes to causing interference during uplink training and affects channel estimation negatively. Contamination occurs when the same pilot sequence is assigned to more than one user. This is in general inevitable, as the number of mutually orthogonal pilot sequences corresponds to only a fraction of the coherence interval. We introduce a new algorithm for pilot assignment and analyze its performance both from a theoretical perspective and in computational experiments. We show that it has an approximation ratio close to 1 for a plausibly large number of orthogonal pilot sequences, as well as low computational complexity under massive parallelism. We also show that, on average, it outperforms other methods in terms of per-user SINR and throughput on the uplink. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Channel estimation

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Scientometric Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Research in Agriculture 4

Scientometric Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Research i...

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4th International Conference on informatics, Multimedia, Cyber and Information System, ICIMCIS 2022

作者： Maulana, Fairuz Iqbal Pramono, Andi Hamim, Miftahul Prihatin, Sukeipah Yuli Arifuddin, Rahman School of Computer Science Bina Nusantara University Computer Science Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia School of Design Bina Nusantara University Interior Design Department Jakarta11480 Indonesia Binus Business School Bina Nusantara University Entrepreneurship Business Creation Jakarta11480 Indonesia Politeknik Kota Malang Informatics Study Program Malang Indonesia University of Merdeka Malang Department of Electrical Engineering Malang Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665473279

Artificial Intelligence Research in Agriculture has grown so common, and the potential they provide is so revolutionary that it is considered essential for competitive growth. Until we conducted this research, only 1064 academic documents on Trends of Artificial Intelligence Research in Agriculture that we found from 2012 to 2021 were obtained by searching the Scopus database. This study uses bibliometric analysis methods to map scientific publications worldwide. We use an article selection process, the year limitation, then the database is exported to RIS and CSV format files. Researchers in the United States had the most published articles and were indexed by Scopus among the most prolific authors ($\mathrm{N}=287$), followed by the United Kingdom at second ($\mathrm{N}=139$) and Italy with 66 academic publications. Data analysis reveals an increasing trend in the number of Trends of Artificial Intelligence Research in Agriculture publications worldwide, as measured by the Scopus index. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Agriculture

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Examining the Usability and Security Features of Smart Farm IoT Systems

Examining the Usability and Security Features of Smart Farm ...

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International Conference on Power Energy, Environment and Intelligent Control (PEEIC)

作者： Vijay R Khawale Huzaifa A. Fidvi Mohamed Dawood Shamout Gigih Forda Nama Nilesh Anute Nilesh Limbore Mechanical Department Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering Nagpur Mechanical engineering Anjuman College of Engineering and Technology Sadar Nagpur Maharashtra Department of Management College of Business Administration University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Department of Informatics and Doctoral Program of Environtmental Science University of Lampung Bandar Lampung ASM's Institute of Business Management and Research Pune Sharadchandra Pawar Institute of Management and Research Pune

Using the net of factors (IoT) technology has led to a resurgence in improving intelligent farms. The capacity to music and reveal crops, animals, and different farm activities has advanced the performance of farming operations. Clever farms enjoy the blessings of connectivity, allowing farmers to be more informed and higher prepared for any ability issues. This increased connectivity has also opened the door for new security problems. This paper looks at intelligent farm IoT structures' usability and safety features. The paper investigates the overall protection levels of the systems and the various security measures that may be implemented as an excellent way to discover and guard in opposition to ability threats. It also evaluates the usability of the structures and assesses the extent of convenience it offers for agriculture employees. The paper also evaluates the present-day enterprise tendencies in IoT protection, value, and potential future trends. Ultimately, the paper gives insights into modern and future security and usability measures that may be taken to ensure the protection and effectiveness of clever farm IoT systems. The paper examines the usability and protection capabilities of innovative Farm Internet of Things (IoT) structures, which provide farmers with the potential to monitor, manipulate, and control various farm elements remotely. Usability functions consisting of user interfaces, device connectivity, and communication protocols are analyzed to evaluate how user-friendly the device is. Additionally, safety functions consisting of authentication, authorization, encryption, and getting entry to manage are tested to decide how the gadget can defend the statistics and assets of the farm. Moreover, this paper touches upon the contemporary and destiny-demanding situations related to those structures, including scalability, cost, and privacy. ultimately, the paper concludes with a comprehensive assessment of the usability and security functions and

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Prototype Design of Smart Diabetic Shoes with Lora Module Communication

Prototype Design of Smart Diabetic Shoes with Lora Module Co...

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Computer Science, Information Technology and engineering (ICCoSITE), International Conference on

作者： Purwono Purwono Asmat Burhan Khoirun Nisa’ Sony Kartika Wibisono Iis Setiawan Mangkunegara Pramesti Dewi Alfian Ma’Arif Iswanto Suwarno Department of Informatics Universitas Harapan Bangsa Purwokerto Indonesia Department of Anesthesiology Nursing Universitas Harapan Bangsa Purwokerto Indonesia Department of Information Technology Universitas Harapan Bangsa Purwokerto Indonesia Nursing Study Program Universitas Harapan Bangsa Purwokerto Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta Indonesia Department of Engineer Professional Program Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Yogyakarta Indonesia

Diabetes is a disease that affects many people in the world. Diabetes mellitus is a type of metabolic disease in a person who suffers from blood glucose levels with extreme conditions, namely insufficient insulin production in the human body. Monitoring diabetes is an important concern for researchers because it can be useful for improving the quality of the nursing service system. One of the common conditions in diabetic patients is ulceration which is difficult to detect on time. Technology can minimize the total cost of monitoring chronic diseases such as Diabetes continuously and on time. This research focuses on solutions to produce IoT-based smart diabetic shoes that utilize pressure sensors and the temperature of the feet of people with diabetic feet. Smart diabetic shoes are made using the Lora E32 module to be applied to areas with poor internet connections. The results of the testing carried out for 60 seconds in this study succeeded in detecting the area of the foot that experienced the greatest pressure, which was located on the rear footrest with a portion of pressure of around 25 – 28% of the total body weight. The patient's foot temperature increases when the pedestal load is greater. The Lora E32 module also functions as a media transmitter and receiver at a distance of 2.2 km in sending sensor data.

关键词： Temperature sensors Pressure sensors Transmitters Web services Footwear Receivers Diabetes

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The effect of stereochemical constraints on the radius of gyration of folded proteins

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Logan, Jack A. Sumner, Jacob Grigas, Alex T. Shattuck, Mark D. O'Hern, Corey S. Department of Mechanical Engineering Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Graduate Program in Computational Biology & Biomedical Informatics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Benjamin Levich Institute and Physics Department The City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States

Proteins are composed of linear chains of amino acids that fold into complex three-dimensional structures. A general feature of folded proteins is that they are compact with a radius of gyration Rg(N) ∼ Nν that obeys power-law scaling with the number of amino acids N in each protein and ν ∼ 1/3. In this study, we investigate the internal scaling of the radius of gyration Rg(n) versus the chemical separation n between amino acids for all subchains of length n. We show that for globular proteins Rg(n) ∼ nν1,2 with a larger exponent ν1 > 1/3 for small n and a smaller exponent ν2 g(N) ∝ Nν. To describe this scaling behavior for Rg(n), we carry out folding simulations for a series of coarse-grained models for proteins beginning with the freely-jointed and freely-rotating chain models composed of spherical monomers and varying degrees of stereochemical constraints. We show that a minimal model, which coarse-grains amino acids into a single spherical backbone atom and one variable-sized spherical side-chain atom, and enforces bend- and dihedral-angle constraints, can recapitulate Rg(n) for x-ray crystal structures of globular proteins. In addition, this model predicts the correct average packing fraction and size of the hydrophobic core, which are two key physical features that can be used to distinguish between computational 'decoys' and correctly folded proteins in protein design applications. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Spheres

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When data disappear: public health pays as US policy strays

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The Lancet Digital Health 2025年 100874页

作者： McAndrew, Thomas Lover, Andrew A Hoyt, Garrik Majumder, Maimuna S Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science College of Health Lehigh University BethlehemPA United States Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology School of Public Health and Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Amherst AmherstMA United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering PC Rossin College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Lehigh University BethlehemPA United States Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States Computational Health Informatics Program Boston Children's Hospital BostonMA United States

Presidential actions on Jan 20, 2025, by President Donald Trump, including executive orders, have delayed access to or led to the removal of crucial public health data sources in the USA. The continuous collection and maintenance of health data support public health, safety, and security associated with diseases such as seasonal influenza. To show how public health data surveillance enhances public health practice, we analysed data from seven US Government-maintained sources associated with seasonal influenza. We fit two models that forecast the number of national incident influenza hospitalisations in the USA: (1) a data-rich model incorporating data from all seven Government data sources;and (2) a data-poor model built using a single Government hospitalisation data source, representing the minimal required information to produce a forecast of influenza hospitalisations. The data-rich model generated reliable forecasts useful for public health decision making, whereas the predictions using the data-poor model were highly uncertain, rendering them impractical. Thus, health data can serve as a transparent and standardised foundation to improve domestic and global health. Therefore, a plan should be developed to safeguard public health data as a public good. © 2025 The Author(s)

关键词： Health insurance

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Deep Learning-based Fall Detection Algorithm Using Ensemble Model of Coarse-fine CNN and GRU Networks

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Chien-Pin Li, Ju-Hsuan Chu, En-Ping Hsieh, Chia-Yeh Liu, Kai-Chun Chan, Chia-Tai Tsao, Yu Department of Biomedical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei112 Taiwan Bachelor's Program in Medical Informatics and Innovative Applications Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei242062 Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei115 Taiwan

Falls are the public health issue for the elderly all over the world since the fall-induced injuries are associated with a large amount of healthcare cost. Falls can cause serious injuries, even leading to death if the elderly suffers a "long-lie." Hence, a reliable fall detection (FD) system is required to provide an emergency alarm for first aid. Due to the advances in wearable device technology and artificial intelligence, some fall detection systems have been developed using machine learning and deep learning methods to analyze the signal collected from accelerometer and gyroscopes. In order to achieve better fall detection performance, an ensemble model that combines a coarse-fine convolutional neural network and gated recurrent unit is proposed in this study. The parallel structure design used in this model restores the different grains of spatial characteristics and capture temporal dependencies for feature representation. This study applies the FallAllD public dataset to validate the reliability of the proposed model, which achieves a recall, precision, and F-score of 92.54%, 96.13%, and 94.26%, respectively. The results demonstrate the reliability of the proposed ensemble model in discriminating falls from daily living activities and its superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art convolutional neural network long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) for FD. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fall detection

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The serotonergic psychedelic N,N-dipropyltryptamine alters information-processing dynamics in cortical neural circuits

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Varley, Thomas F. Havert, Daniel Fosque, Leandro Alipour, Abolfazl Weerawongphrom, Naruepon Naganobori, Hiroki O'Shea, Lily Pope, Maria Beggs, John School of Informatics Computing & Engineering Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Department of Physics Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Program in Neuroscience Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States Indiana University BloomingtonIN United States

Most of the recent work in psychedelic neuroscience has been done using non-invasive neuroimaging, with data recorded from the brains of adult volunteers under the influence of a variety of drugs. While this data provides holistic insights into the effects of psychedelics on whole-brain dynamics, the effects of psychedelics on the meso-scale dynamics of cortical circuits remains much less explored. Here, we report the effects of the serotonergic psychedelic N,N-diproptyltryptamine (DPT) on information-processing dynamics in a sample of in vitro organotypic cultures made from rat cortical tissue. Three hours of spontaneous activity were recorded: an hour of pre-drug control, and hour of exposure to 10µM DPT solution, and a final hour of washout, once again under control conditions. We found that DPT reversibly alters information dynamics in multiple ways: first, the DPT condition was associated with higher entropy of spontaneous firing activity and reduced the amount of time information was stored in individual neurons. Second, DPT also reduced the reversibility of neural activity, increasing the entropy produced and suggesting a drive away from equilibrium. Third, DPT altered the structure of neuronal circuits, decreasing the overall information flow coming into each neuron, but increasing the number of weak connections, creating a dynamic that combines elements of integration and disintegration. Finally, DPT decreased the higher-order statistical synergy present in sets of three neurons. Collectively, these results paint a complex picture of how psychedelics regulate information processing in meso-scale cortical tissue. Implications for existing hypotheses of psychedelic action, such as the Entropic Brain Hypothesis, are discussed. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Neurons

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Deep Learning-based Fall Detection Algorithm Using Ensemble Model of Coarse-fine CNN and GRU Networks

Deep Learning-based Fall Detection Algorithm Using Ensemble ...

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IEEE International Workshop on Medical Measurement and Applications (MEMEA)

作者： Chien-Pin Liu Ju-Hsuan Li En-Ping Chu Chia-Yeh Hsieh Kai-Chun Liu Chia-Tai Chan Yu Tsao Department of Biomedical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taipei City Taiwan Bachelor’s Program in Medical Informatics and Innovative Applications Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei City Taiwan

Falls are the public health issue for the elderly all over the world since the fall-induced injuries are associated with a large amount of healthcare cost. Falls can cause serious injuries, even leading to death if the elderly suffers a “long-lie.” Hence, a reliable fall detection (FD) system is required to provide an emergency alarm for first aid. Due to the advances in wearable device technology and artificial intelligence, some fall detection systems have been developed using machine learning and deep learning methods to analyze the signal collected from accelerometer and gyroscopes. In order to achieve better fall detection performance, an ensemble model that combines a coarse-fine convolutional neural network and gated recurrent unit is proposed in this study. The parallel structure design used in this model restores the different grains of spatial characteristics and capture temporal dependencies for feature representation. This study applies the FallAllD public dataset to validate the reliability of the proposed model, which achieves a recall, precision, and F-score of 92.54%, 96.13%, and 94.26%, respectively. The results demonstrate the reliability of the proposed ensemble model in discriminating falls from daily living activities and its superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art convolutional neural network long short-term memory (CNN-LSTM) for FD.

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