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Low-complexity MU-MIMO-GFDM joint receivers

International Journal of Electronics 2023年第6期110卷 1156-1177页

作者： Wang, Hsuan-Fu Ueng, Fang-Biau Sung, Yun-Hsuan Bachelor Program in Interdisciplinary Studies National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan

The Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) scheme uses multiple antenna configurations to achieve high throughput data transmission in current communication systems. The new generation wireless communication system considers using generalised frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) due to its advantages such as lower out-of-band (OOB) emission and peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), etc. However, inter-symbol interference (ISI) and inter-carrier interference (ICI) occur due to GFDM utilises the pulse shaping filter. This paper proposes a low-complexity joint minimum mean square error (MMSE) receiver to suppress ISI, ICI, and multi-user interference (MUI) for multi-user MIMO-GFDM (MU-MIMO-GFDM) system. The conventional approach is to design the equalisation and the GFDM demodulation separately. This paper jointly designs the equalisation and demodulation process that significantly reduces the complexity and enhances the error rate performance. This paper also analyzes the closed-form expression and two low-complexity methods for the proposed receiver. The simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed low-complexity multi-user MIMO-GFDM receivers. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Peak to average power ratio

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CsPbBr3nanocrystals plasmonic distributed Bragg reflector waveguide laser

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Applied Physics Letters 2023年第7期122卷 1-6页

作者： Ahmad Kamal, Ahmad Syazwan Lin, Cheng-Chieh Wang, Zhiyu Xing, Di Lee, Yang-Chun Chen, Mu-Hsin Ho, Ya-Lun Chen, Chun-Wei Delaunay, Jean-Jacques School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan School of Mechanical Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang14300 Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang11900 Malaysia Taiwan International Graduate Program National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd. Taipei10617 Taiwan Academia Sinica No. 128 Sec. 2 Academia Rd. Taipei11529 Taiwan National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd. Taipei10617 Taiwan

The recent development of perovskite-based lasers showcased the outstanding optical properties of the material such as high absorption coefficient and high quantum yield. The lasers were demonstrated in the form of nanowires and nanoplates, which are difficult to be integrated on a chip in the form of high-density arrays due to the difficulties in positioning them on the chip. The solution to this problem should be to use the well-known lithography process in the fabrication process of the lasers. In this work, we demonstrate several perovskite-based plasmonic lasers that were fabricated by using the lithographic in-mold patterning method that relies on the electron beam lithography process. The lasers utilized CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals as the gain material and plasmonic distributed Bragg reflector grating structure as the optical feedback provider to achieve a low lasing threshold of 42.5 μJ/cm2 with a linewidth of 0.6 nm (FWHM) at room temperature. The use of the lithographic process in the fabrication of the lasers makes it possible to fabricate and integrate them on a chip in a relatively high-density manner, so that they can be used extensively in quantum optics and on-chip integrated photonics applications. © 2023 Author(s).

关键词： Perovskite

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Prediction of Potential-Dependent Kinetics for the Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO2to CO over Ti@4N-Gr

ACS Electrochemistry

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ACS Electrochemistry 2024年第3期1卷 328-337页

作者： Yousef A. Alsunni Abdulaziz W. Alherz Charles B. Musgrave Chemical Engineering Department King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia；Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering and Petroleum Kuwait University Safat 13060 Kuwait Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States；Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States；Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States

Grand canonical density functional theory (GC-DFT) was employed to model the electrocatalytic reduction of CO2(CO2R) to CO by single titanium atom nitrogen-doped graphene, referred to as Ti@4N-Gr. Previous GC-DFT thermodynamic investigations have identified Ti@4N-Gr as a promising CO2R catalyst; however, no in-depth studies have examined it. In this study, we analyze activation energies of the elementary steps at various applied potentials in addition to thermodynamics of CO2R to CO catalyzed by Ti@xN-Gr defects. Reaction intermediates are predicted to be destabilized when Ti is coordinated to fewer N atoms. Based on reaction thermodynamics, Ti@4N-Gr and all defect configurations are predicted to be potentially promising catalysts for CO2R to CO at an applied potential of −0.7 VSHEwhile at −0.3 and −1.2 VSHEthe reaction is predicted to be hindered by relatively large grand free energy differences between intermediates. We propose a criterion to identify optimum applied potentials for CO2R to CO based on the potential of zero charge (PZC) of the reaction intermediates and the contention that the optimum applied potential for CO2R to CO lies in the rangePZC*CO

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Altering alkyl-chains branching positions for boosting the performance of small-molecule acceptors for highly efficient nonfullerene organic solar cells

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science China Chemistry 2020年第3期63卷 361-369页

作者： Zhenghui Luo Rui Sun Cheng Zhong Tao Liu Guangye Zhang Yang Zou Xuechen Jiao Jie Min Chuluo Yang Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology College of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials Department of ChemistryWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China The Institute for Advanced Studies Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China eFlexPV Limited(China) ShenzhenChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityVictoriaAustralia

The emergence of the latest generation of small-molecule acceptor(SMA)materials,with Y6 as a typical example,accounts for the surge in device performance for organic solar cells(OSCs).This study proposes two new acceptors named Y6-C2 and Y6-C3,from judicious alteration of alkyl-chains branching positions away from the Y6 *** to the Y6,the Y6-C2 exhibits similar optical and electrochemical properties,but better molecular packing and enhanced *** contrast,the Y6-C3 shows a significant blue-shift absorption in the solid state relative to the Y6 and *** as-cast PM6:Y6-C2-based OSC yields a higher power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 15.89%than those based on the Y6(15.24%)and Y6-C3(13.76%),representing the highest known value for as-cast nonfullerene ***,the Y6-C2 displays a good compatibility with the ***,a ternary OSC device based on PM6:Y6-C2:PC71BM(1.0:1.0:0.2)was produced,and it exhibits an outstanding PCE of 17.06%and an impressive fill factor(FF)of *** results improve understanding of the structureproperty relationship for state-of-the-art SMAs and demonstrate that modulating the structure of SMAs via fine-tuning of alkylchains branching positions is an effective method to enhance their performance.

关键词： alkyl-chain branching position small molecular acceptor organic solar cell power conversion efficiency fill factor

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Efficient copper plating on glass substrates through amine-functionalized nanocomposite-immobilized silver nanoparticles

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Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and engineering Aspects 2024年 688卷

作者： Chiang, Tang-Lun Cheng, An-Yu You, Jhu-Lin Chang, Chang-Pin Ger, Ming-Der School of Defense Science Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan335 Taiwan Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering Chung Cheng Institute of Technology National Defense University Taoyuan335 Taiwan System Engineering and Technology Program National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu300 Taiwan

Amine-functionalized silver nanocatalyst was synthesized using polyethyleneimine (PEI) and glutaraldehyde (GA) and applied to electroless copper on the glass substrate. The formation mechanism of the polyethyleneimine-glutaraldehyde (PEI-GA) was firstly analyzed, then the polyethyleneimine-glutaraldehyde-silver (PEI-GA-Ag) was measured, which showed that the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were spherical with an average size of about 5 nm and a narrow particle distribution, and PEI-GA-Ag was analyzed by UV-Vis to demonstrate the synthesized AgNPs were uniformly dispersed and stable without agglomeration for a period of 10 months. The application of PEI-GA-Ag nanocomposite in the glass metallization process resulted in the formation of a complete, uniform copper layer on grit-blasted glass, which passed adhesion tests successfully without flaking. After 10 mins of electroless copper plating, the thickness of the copper layer is approximately 1 µm, displaying a sheet resistance of 0.018 Ω/square, and the resistivity is 1.8×10−6 Ωcm, which is close to that of a bulk copper. This proposes that PEI-GA-Ag has excellent stability and catalytic efficiency and can be effectively used in electroless plating processes to replace conventional expensive palladium colloid catalysts. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles

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Strain-tunable magnetic compensation temperature of epitaxial Tb3Fe5O12 thin films

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Physical Review B 2023年第18期108卷 184403-184403页

作者： Yufei Li Xihui Yang Hua Bai Mingzhi Wang Dashuai Cheng Cheng Song Zhe Yuan Yi Liu Zhong Shi Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology and Pohl Institute of Solid State Physics and School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Center for Advanced Quantum Studies and Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chips Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

High-quality rare-earth iron garnet (ReIG) Tb3Fe5O12 (TbIG) thin films are epitaxially grown on a series of (111)-oriented garnet substrates with various lattice constants. The coherent growth induces a substrate-dependent in-plane tensile or compressive strain in the TbIG film. Measurements of the anomalous Hall-like effect in TbIG/Pt heterostructures show that the compensation temperature of TbIG films monotonically changes with the film strain. The strain results in a variation of the distances between magnetic atoms in the TbIG crystal and therefore the corresponding exchange interactions. The latter is explicitly calculated as a function of the lattice strain based on density-functional theory, reproducing the observed experimental results. This work provides a versatile way to optimize ReIG-based spin-orbit torque devices.

关键词： Anomalous Hall effect Epitaxial strain Exchange interaction Ferrimagnetism Magnetoelastic effect

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Structural evaluation of Poly(lactic acid) degradation at standardized composting temperature of 58 degrees

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Chemosphere 2024年 354卷 141729页

作者： Oh, Jiwon Park, Sung Bae Cha, Chaenyung Hwang, Dong Ki Park, Seul-A Park, Jeyoung Oh, Dongyeop X. Jeon, Hyeonyeol Koo, Jun Mo Ulsan44429 Korea Republic of Ulsan44919 Korea Republic of Pohang37673 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Sogang University Seoul04107 Korea Republic of Department of Polymer Science and Engineering and Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Daejeon34113 Korea Republic of Department of Organic Materials Engineering Chungnam National University Daejeon34134 Korea Republic of

The accumulation of petroleum-based plastics on our planet is causing serious environmental pollution. Biodegradable plastics, promoted as eco-friendly solutions, hold the potential to address this issue. However, their impact on the environment and the mechanisms of their natural degradation remain inadequately understood. Furthermore, the specific conditions set forth in international standards for evaluating the biodegradability of biodegradable plastics have led to misconceptions about their real-world behavior. To properly elucidate the relationship between their degradability and structure, this study mimics the thermal effect on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) under standardized composting temperature. The higher the crystallinity of PLA, the lower the degradation rate, which suggests that crystallinity is a key factor in determining degradation. The composting temperature of 58 °C induces crystallization by having a structural effect on the polymer, which in turn reduces the degradation rate of PLA. Therefore, control over temperature and crystallization during the processing and degradation of PLA is crucial, as it not only determines the biodegradability but also enhances the utility. © 2024

关键词： Biodegradability

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Acid-catalyzed hydrothermal treatment of sewage sludge: effects of reaction temperature and acid concentration on the production of hydrolysis by-products

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Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 2023年第9期13卷 7533-7546页

作者： Pham, Van Toi Guan, Chung-Yu Han, Po-Chun Matsagar, Babasaheb M. Wu, Kevin C. W. Ahamad, Tansir Chang, Ching-Yuan Yu, Chang-Ping Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Faculty of Environmental Engineering National University of Civil Engineering 55 Giai Phong Hai Ba Trung Hanoi100000 Viet Nam Department of Environmental Engineering National Ilan University Yilan260 Taiwan Ph.D. Program of Green Materials and Precision Devices National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemistry College of Science King Saud University P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia Water Innovation Low Carbon and Environmental Sustainability Research Center National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan

Sewage sludge (SS) is an organic biomass from wastewater treatment plants, but the use of SS to produce bio-based chemicals under acid-catalyzed hydrolysis (ACH) processes is not well investigated. In this study, ACH processes were performed at 120, 150, and 180 °C using sulfuric acid (H2SO4) with concentrations of 0–0.5 M within a reaction time of 90–180 min to produce bio-based chemicals from SS. The results showed that the reaction temperature, reaction time, and concentrations of H2SO4 affected the yields of sugars, levulinic acid (LA), and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The highest xylose and glucose yields were 7.69 mol% and 5.22 mol% at 120 °C with 0.5 M H2SO4 during the 180 min of reaction time, respectively. Besides, under the ACH process at 180 °C and 180 min, the yield of LA reached a maximum value of 0.48 mol% at 0.5 M H2SO4, and the highest yield of HMF was 1.66 mol% at 0.1 M H2SO4. The data obtained also indicated that the ACH process led to an increase in soluble chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic carbon, and total dissolved nitrogen. Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix of dissolved organic matter and thermogravimetric analysis of the treated SS further supported the enhanced solubilization of SS after ACH process, especially under higher reaction temperature and concentrations of H2SO4. Although the lower yields of bio-based chemicals might restrict the downstream recovery of the target products, the largely improved SS solubilization by ACH suggests that acid-catalyzed hydrothermal hydrolysis process has potential as an alternative pretreatment method of SS. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

关键词： Sewage sludge

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Analysis of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Based on ZnO and ZnO–Ni Photoanodes with Various Ni Concentrations

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Applied Solar Energy (English translation of Geliotekhnika) 2024年第3期60卷 461-472页

作者： Abdullah, H. Xian, K.J. Ying, K.C. Naim, N.M. Akhtaruzzaman, M. Berhanuddin, D.D. Keng, L.K. Rizwan, M. Othman, M.H.D. Ahmad, M.F. Fen, Y.W. Jannah, A.N. Department of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor43600 Malaysia Advanced Semiconductor Materials and Devices Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor43600 Malaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Islamic University of Madinah Madinah Saudi Arabia Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectric Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor43600 Malaysia School of Liberal Studies Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Bangi Selangor43600 Malaysia Department of Chemistry The University of Lahore Lahore54590 Pakistan Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre School of Chemical and Energy Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor81310 Malaysia Faculty of Technology Management and Bussiness Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia 86400 Parit Raja Batu Pahat Johor Malaysia Department of Physics Faculty of Science Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Selangor43400 Malaysia Faculty of Applied Sciences Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Negeri Sembilan Kampus Kuala Pilah Kuala Pilah Negeri Sembilan72000 Malaysia

Abstract: In recent years, ZnO nanostructure thin films have been used extensively by researchers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) application due to its unique photovoltaic properties. The effects of the concentrations of Ni metal dopants on ZnO thin film DSSCs were investigated. ZnO–Ni nanocomposites were synthesized via sol-gel method. In this paper, the structural, morphological, and chemical properties of ZnO–Ni nanocomposite thin films were reported. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microcopy (AFM) and mapping analyses have found out that the crystallite and grain sizes of ZnO-Ni is increasing when Ni percentage is increased. The optical study from UV-Vis spectroscopy indicates that the band gap energy for ZnO–Ni photoanodes is in the range 3.5–3.7 eV. Energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) have identified the elements and chemical bonding that are related to ZnO and Ni. The photovoltaic performances were analyzed using photocurrent-voltage (J–V) measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). As the result, ZnO–Ni photoanode based DSSC with 60% of Ni concentration shows the highest power conversion efficiency (0.421%) with Jsc, Voc and FF of 1 mA/cm2, 0.95 V and 0.443. © Allerton Press, Inc. 2024. ISSN 0003-701X, Applied Solar Energy, 2024, Vol. 60, No. 3, pp. 461–472. Allerton Press, Inc., 2024.

关键词： Zinc oxide

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Surfactant-assisted formation of robust p-Ag2O – n-BaTiO3 heterojunctions for visible-light photocatalytic applications

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Applied Surface science 2024年 655卷

作者： Chiu, Yen-Lun Chang, Kao-Shuo Program on Key Materials Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan Department of Materials Science & Engineering National Cheng Kung University No.1 University Road Tainan City70101 Taiwan

This paper reports the use of microwave-assisted hydrothermal and precipitation approaches to prepare a composite from a polyethylene glycol (PEG − 10000) surfactant-assisted dispersion of p-Ag2O particles in conjunction with n-BaTiO3 (n-BTO) for use in visible-light photocatalytic applications. The conductivities of p-Ag2O and n-BTO were determined through Mott–Schottky measurements and verified using energy band diagrams. Various PEG − 10000-treated and untreated (1 − x)BTO − xAg2O (x ≈ 57.0, 63.0, and 75.0 mol%, determined using Rietveld refinement) composites were prepared. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to determine the valence states and binding energies of the constituent elements in the various composites. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and particle-size distribution measurements revealed that Ag2O is excellently dispersed in the PEG − 10000-treated composite, which exhibited a remarkable surface area (≈10 m2⋅g−1) and pore volume (≈0.05 cm3⋅g−1) at x ≈ 63.0 mol%. All composites exhibited effective and reliable visible-light energy-harvesting capabilities. The PEG − 10000-treated composite (x ≈ 63.0 mol%) exhibited the most promising rhodamine B photodegradability, attributable to the formation of abundant p − n junctions and the effective absorption of visible light. An energy-band diagram was constructed to elucidate the potential mechanism responsible for this remarkable activity. Under visible light, our samples outperformed other similar and representative literature-reported samples under solar light. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Heterojunctions

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